CN110261293A - Engineering material weathers experimental rig under a kind of wind sand environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering material erosion test device in a wind-sand environment. The invention comprises an experiment cabin, a wind-sand simulation device and a test piece placement device. The test cabin is provided with a wind-sand outlet. The test piece placement device and Corresponding to the wind and sand outlet, the horizontal track along the wind outlet direction of the air outlet is arranged in the described experimental cabin, and the described test piece placement device includes a horizontal adjustment assembly for adjusting the lateral distance between the test piece and the air outlet, and is used for adjusting The longitudinal adjustment assembly for the height of the test piece and the rotation adjustment assembly for adjusting the angle of the test piece. The invention can not only test building materials such as concrete, but also test decorative materials such as glass. The sensor detects whether the wind speed meets the standard to promote the accuracy of the detection results.

Description

A test device for erosion of engineering materials under wind and sand environment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering material experiments, in particular to an engineering material erosion test device in a sandstorm environment.

Background technique

my country is one of the countries in the world with large desert area, wide distribution and serious desertification hazards. The total desertification area in the country has exceeded 1.74 million square kilometers, accounting for nearly 20% of the country's land area. Wind and sand erosion has become one of the main environmental disasters in northern my country, seriously affecting the safe use of steel structures such as transmission towers and communication towers, highways, viaducts, factories and houses in desert areas. The erosion effect of wind and sand on engineering materials is as follows: under the action of moving air flow, sand particles break away from the surface and move rapidly with the air flow, and the shear force and impact force generated by the infrastructure in the area cause scratches on the surface of materials and even large areas. Peel off. In actual engineering, some steel structures, bridges, road surfaces and other infrastructures have suffered from damage phenomena such as pockmarks and surface peeling under the action of wind and sand erosion, which reduces the durability and safety of components, reduces service capacity, and shortens service life. However, due to its complexity, it is very difficult to completely simulate the erosion and wear damage under actual working conditions, and due to the characteristics of many influencing factors, long test period, and inconsistent test methods, the research on the law and mechanism of wind-sand erosion and wear is not enough deep.

At present, the research on material erosion mainly focuses on the liquid-solid two-phase flow, mostly on the erosion and wear of engineering materials and mechanically vulnerable materials. It has certain technical characteristics and representativeness, but this device can only study the erosion process of liquid single-phase flow or liquid-solid two-phase flow, and cannot effectively simulate the erosion and wear behavior of gas-solid two-phase flow in a sandstorm environment. Certain limitations.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an engineering material erosion test device close to the actual sandstorm environment.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes an experimental cabin with a temperature and humidity adjustment device, which is characterized in that: it also includes a wind and sand simulation device and a test piece placement device, and the described test cabin is provided with a wind and sand outlet, and the described test piece is placed The device corresponds to the sandstorm outlet, and the horizontal track along the wind outlet direction of the air outlet is arranged in the described experimental cabin, and the described test piece placement device includes a horizontal adjustment assembly for adjusting the lateral distance between the test piece and the air outlet. The vertical adjustment assembly is used to adjust the height of the specimen, the vertical rotation adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angle of the specimen, and the horizontal rotation assembly is used to change the orientation of the specimen.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of sand content, the wind-sand simulation device of the present invention includes a sand supply device and an air supply device. The sand supply device includes a sand storage hopper and a sand falling control device arranged on the lower side of the sand storage hopper. The air supply device includes an air compressor and a sandblasting gun. The sandblasting gun is provided with an air supply interface and a sand supply interface. The air supply interface is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor. The interface is connected with the sand supply device.

In order to facilitate the connection between the valve and the sandblasting gun, the falling sand amount control device of the present invention includes a valve connected to the discharge port of the sand storage hopper and a stepping motor for controlling the valve. The lower side of the valve is provided with A hopper, the outlet of the hopper is connected to the sand supply port of the sandblasting gun.

In order to facilitate the horizontal adjustment of the test piece, the horizontal adjustment assembly includes a base, and the base is slidably arranged on the horizontal rail through a horizontal slider, and a limit device is arranged between the base and the horizontal rail, and the horizontal rotation assembly includes a rotating The turntable is arranged on the base, the rotation plane of the turntable is parallel to the plane where the base is located, and a locking device is arranged between the turntable and the base.

In order to facilitate the height adjustment of the test piece, the longitudinal adjustment assembly of the present invention includes a U-shaped connecting frame, a longitudinal support plate fixedly connected to both sides of the turntable, and a longitudinal adjustment screw rod rotatably connected to the turntable. The inner sides of the boards are provided with longitudinal slides, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting frame are slid on the longitudinal slides through the longitudinal sliders, and the U-shaped connecting frame is connected with the longitudinal adjustment screw rod through the connecting nut, and the longitudinal adjustment wire The upper side of the bar is fixedly connected with a handwheel.

In order to facilitate the adjustment of the elevation angle of the test piece, both sides of the U-shaped connecting frame of the present invention are connected with the longitudinal slider through the middle connecting block, and the middle connecting block is fixedly connected to the longitudinal sliding block, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting frame The side is hinged with the middle connecting block, and the hinged shaft at one end of the U-shaped connecting frame is connected with a rotating drive device, which includes a driving bevel gear fixedly connected to its input shaft and a passive bevel gear fixedly connected to its output shaft, The active bevel gear is engaged with the passive bevel gear, the input shaft is fixedly connected with a hand wheel, and the output shaft is fixedly connected with the hinged shaft of the U-shaped connecting frame.

In order to make the center of the test piece correspond to the air outlet after adjusting the elevation angle of the test piece, a test piece support is arranged in the U-shaped connecting frame of the present invention, and the test piece support is arranged on the U through the centering device. In the U-shaped connecting frame, the inner two ends of the U-shaped connecting frame are provided with centering slide rails, and the centering device includes a centering frame, and the two ends of the centering frame are slidably connected to the centering On the slide rail, an adjusting rod is arranged between the centering frame and the bottom end of the U-shaped connecting frame. One end of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected with the centering frame, and the other end of the adjusting rod passes through the bottom of the U-shaped connecting frame. end, and connected with the U-shaped connecting frame by thread, the end of the adjusting rod is provided with a hand wheel, and the specimen support is fixed on the centering frame through the force sensor.

In order to facilitate the clamping of the test piece, the test piece support of the present invention includes a base plate and a clamping plate connected in four directions of the base plate by adjusting bolts, the adjusting bolts are screwed to the base plate, and the clamping The tight plate is rotatably connected to the adjusting bolt, and the test piece support is connected to the force sensor through the rotating adjusting device.

In order to facilitate the dust removal of the experimental cabin, the present invention also includes a dust removal device, the dust removal device includes a dust removal water tank, a dust suction pipe is connected between the dust removal water tank and the experimental cabin, and a fan is arranged on the dust suction pipe , The dust removal pipe is located at the entrance of the experimental cabin and is provided with a sand screen.

In order to facilitate the collection of sand for the test, the present invention also includes a sand collection device. The bottom of the experimental cabin is provided with a funnel inclined to the middle, and the middle part of the funnel is provided with a sand leak, and the sand leak is covered with a cover plate. The sand collection device includes a sand storage box, and the sand leakage port communicates with the sand storage box through a sand delivery pipeline.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adjusts the distance between the test piece and the sandstorm outlet through the lateral movement adjustment component of the test piece placement device, aligns the middle part of the test piece with the sandstorm outlet through the longitudinal adjustment component, and adjusts the distance between the test piece and the sandstorm outlet through the rotation adjustment component. The elevation angle of the specimen, the wind and sand simulation device simulates the wind and sand environment through the wind and sand outlet, and obtains the test results by observing the changes of the specimen. The invention can not only test building materials such as concrete, but also test decorative materials such as glass. The sensor detects whether the wind speed meets the standard to promote the accuracy of the detection results.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view enlarged schematic diagram of the specimen placement device;

Fig. 4 is a side view enlarged schematic diagram of the specimen placement device;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the specimen holder.

Among them: 1. Hatch door, 2. Experiment cabin, 3. Specimen placement device, 4. Transverse rail, 5. Funnel, 6. Sand storage box, 7. Side door, 8. Vacuum suction pipe, 9. Sand storage bucket, 10. Valve, 11. Hopper, 12. Sandblasting gun, 13. Fan, 14. Dust removal water tank, 15. Base, 16. Longitudinal adjustment screw, 17. Longitudinal slider, 18. Longitudinal slideway, 19. Longitudinal Support plate, 20, centering slide rail, 21, centering slider, 22, U-shaped connecting frame, 23, centering frame, 24, adjusting rod, 25, force sensor, 26, rotation adjusting device, 27, middle Connecting block, 28, rotating driving device, 29, specimen support, 30, horizontal slider, 31, turntable, 1-1, observation window, 2-1, sand separation net, 2-2, wind and sand outlet, 16-1 , Handwheel, 24-1, handwheel, 28-1, handwheel, 29-1, foundation plate, 29-2, adjusting bolt, 29-3, clamping plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that is usually placed when the product of the invention is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying References to devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in Figure 1, the engineering material erosion test device under the wind and sand environment comprises an experimental cabin 2, a wind and sand simulation device and a test piece placement device 3, and the wind and sand outlet 2-2 is arranged in the described experiment cabin 2, and the described test cabin Part placement device 3 is corresponding to wind-sand outlet 2-2. The shown experimental cabin 2 is provided with a temperature control device and a humidity control device. The temperature control device and the humidity control device are installed with existing equipment to simulate different temperature and humidity environments. The temperature control device The adjustable temperature range is -40°C-60°C. In order to avoid the influence of the external environment on the environment of the experimental cabin, the bulkhead of the experimental cabin 2 is provided with an insulation layer, and the experimental cabin 2 is provided with a door 1. The observation window 1-1 that is convenient to observe the environment in the experimental cabin 2.

As shown in Figure 2, the sand blowing simulation device includes a sand supply device and an air supply device, and the sand supply device includes a sand storage bucket 9 and a sand falling control device arranged on the lower side of the sand storage bucket 9. The air supply device includes an air compressor and a sandblasting gun 12, and the sandblasting gun 12 is provided with an air supply interface and a sand supply interface, and the described air supply interface is connected with the air outlet of the air compressor, and the described The sand supply interface is connected with the sand supply device. The falling sand amount control device includes a valve 10 connected to the discharge port of the sand storage hopper 9 and a stepping motor for controlling the valve 10, the lower side of the valve 10 is provided with a receiving hopper 11, and the The discharge port of the receiving hopper 11 is connected with the sand supply port of the sandblasting gun 12 . The amount of sand released by the valve 10 is controlled by controlling the speed of the stepping motor, thereby simulating the sandstorm environment with different sand contents. The valve 10 can be set to include a valve core and a valve housing, and the upper side of the valve housing is provided with a sand inlet. , and communicate with the sand storage bucket 9, the lower side of the valve housing is provided with a sand outlet, the valve core is rotated and arranged in the valve housing, and several sand storage tanks are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the valve core, and the stepper motor By driving the valve core to rotate, the sand falls into the sand storage tank through the sand inlet on the valve housing. When it rotates to the sand outlet, the sand falls out from the sand outlet due to gravity. The more quantity.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in the experimental cabin 2 described in this embodiment, a transverse track 4 along the air outlet direction of the air outlet is provided, and the described test piece placement device includes a horizontal track 4 for adjusting the test piece and the air outlet. The horizontal adjustment assembly for distance, the vertical adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the test piece, the vertical rotation adjustment assembly for adjusting the angle of the test piece and the horizontal rotation assembly for changing the direction of the test piece. The lateral adjustment assembly includes a base 15, the base 15 is slidably arranged on the lateral rail 4 through the lateral slider 30, and a limiting device is arranged between the base 15 and the lateral rail 4, and the limiting device can be set In the form of a latch. The horizontal rotation assembly includes a turntable 31 that is rotatably arranged on the base 15, the rotation plane of the turntable 31 is parallel to the plane where the base 15 is located, and a locking device is arranged between the turntable 31 and the base 15, and the locking device can also adopt The form of the plug. The longitudinal adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped connecting frame 22, a longitudinal support plate 19 fixedly connected to both sides of the turntable 31, and a longitudinal adjustment screw 16 rotatably connected to the turntable 31. The inside of the longitudinal support plate 19 is provided with There is a longitudinal slideway 18, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting frame 22 are slidably arranged on the longitudinal slideway 18 through the longitudinal slide block 17, and the U-shaped connecting frame 22 is connected with the longitudinal adjustment screw rod 16 through the connecting nut, and the vertical direction The upper side of the adjusting screw 16 is fixedly connected with a handwheel 16-1. Both sides of the U-shaped connecting frame 22 are connected with the longitudinal slider 17 through the intermediate connecting block 27, the intermediate connecting block 27 is fixedly connected on the longitudinal sliding block 17, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting frame 22 are connected with the intermediate connecting block 27. Hinged, and the hinge shaft at one end of the U-shaped connecting frame 22 is connected with a rotating drive device 28, and the described rotating drive device 28 comprises a casing, and the described casing is provided with an input shaft and an output shaft, and the described rotating drive device 28 It includes the active bevel gear fixedly connected with its input shaft and the passive bevel gear fixedly connected with its output shaft, the active bevel gear and the passive bevel gear are meshed and connected, the input shaft is fixedly connected with the hand wheel 28-1, the output shaft is connected with the U-shaped connecting frame 22 hinged shafts are fixedly connected. The U-shaped connecting frame 22 is provided with a test piece holder 29, and the described sample holder 29 is arranged in the U-shaped connecting frame 22 through a centering device, and the inner two ends of the U-shaped connecting frame 22 are provided with centering slides. Rail 20, the centering device includes a centering frame 23, the two ends of the centering frame 23 are slidably connected to the centering slide rail 20 through the centering slider 21, and the centering frame 23 is connected to the U-shaped An adjusting rod 24 is arranged between the bottom ends of the frames 22, and one end of the adjusting rod 24 is rotationally connected with the centering frame 23, and the other end of the adjusting rod 24 passes through the bottom end of the U-shaped connecting frame 22, and is connected with the U-shaped The connecting frame 22 is connected by threads, the end of the adjusting rod 24 is provided with a hand wheel 24 - 1 , and the specimen holder 29 is fixedly arranged on the centering frame 23 through the force sensor 25 . The centering device is mainly for when the elevation angle of the test piece is adjusted, the adjusting rod 24 pushes and pulls the test piece support 29 so that the center of the test piece on the test piece support 29 can be opposite to the air outlet. As shown in Figure 5, the described specimen holder 29 includes a base plate 29-1 and a clamping plate 29-3 connected in four directions of the base plate 29-1 by adjusting bolts 29-2. 29-2 is screwed to the base plate 29-1, the clamping plate 29-3 is rotatably connected to the adjusting bolt 29-2, and the test piece holder 29 is connected to the force sensor 25 through the rotation adjusting device 26, The rotation adjustment device 26 can be set to include two discs, one of which is fixedly connected to the test piece holder 29, the other is fixedly connected to the force sensor 25, and one disc is sleeved on the other. The two discs are connected by toothed surfaces, and the two discs are fixed by connecting bolts. In the non-fixed state, the inclination of the specimen holder can be adjusted by rotating the relative angle of the two discs.

As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment also includes a dust removal device, the dust removal device includes a dust removal water tank 14, a dust suction pipe 8 is connected between the dust removal water tank 14 and the experimental cabin 2, and the dust suction pipe 8 A blower fan 13 is arranged on it, and a dust-absorbing pipe 8 is provided with a sand separation net 2-1 at the entrance of the experimental cabin 2 . The flying dust in the experimental cabin 2 is sucked into the dust removal water tank 14 by the fan 13, and the flying dust in the experimental cabin 2 is removed. The dust removal device is arranged on one side of the experimental cabin 2, and a side door 7 is arranged on this side.

This embodiment also includes a sand collection device. The bottom of the experimental cabin 2 is provided with a funnel 5 inclined to the middle, and the middle part of the funnel 5 is provided with a sand leakage port, and the sand leakage port is movable covered with a cover plate. The sand collection device includes a sand storage device. The sand box 6, the sand leakage port communicates with the sand storage box 6 through the sand delivery pipeline. When carrying out the wind and sand environment test, the cover plate is covered on the sand leakage port. When the test is completed, after the cover plate is removed, the sand falls into the sand storage box 6 from the sand leakage port, which is convenient for sand reuse.

The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only specific cases of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention includes but is not limited to the product form and style of the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Appropriate changes or modifications made should fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. engineering material weathers experimental rig under a kind of wind sand environment, the Laboratory Module including having temp and humidity regulator, It is characterized in that: further including dust storm simulator and test specimen apparatus for placing, dust storm outlet is provided in the Laboratory Module, it is described Test specimen apparatus for placing is corresponding with dust storm outlet, and the transverse rails of the air-out direction along air outlet are provided in the Laboratory Module Road, the test specimen apparatus for placing include for adjusting the lateral adjustments component of test specimen and air outlet lateral distance, for adjusting The vertical adjustment component of height of specimen, the vertical rotating for adjusting test piece angle adjust component and for changing test specimen direction Horizontally rotate component.

2. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the wind Husky simulator includes for husky device and air supply device, and described for husky device includes storing up husky bucket and being arranged on the downside of Chu Shadou Husky amount control device is fallen, the air supply device includes air compressor and sand-blasting gun, is provided with air feed on the sand-blasting gun Interface and for husky interface, the air feed interface is connect with air compressor air outlet, it is described for husky interface with for husky device Connection.

3. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described falls Husky amount control device includes the valve being connected on the discharge port of Chu Shadou and the stepper motor for control valve, the valve The downside of door is provided with receiving hopper, and the discharge port of the receiving hopper is connect with the rifle that sandblasts for husky mouth.

4. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cross It include pedestal to component is adjusted, the pedestal is slidably arranged on cross track by transverse slider, and pedestal and transverse rails Limiting device is provided between road, horizontally rotating component includes the turntable being rotatably arranged on pedestal, the rotational plane of turntable with Plane where pedestal is parallel, and locking device is provided between turntable and pedestal.

5. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described is vertical It include U-shaped connection frame, the longitudinal supporting plate for being fixedly connected on turntable two sides, the longitudinal direction being rotatably connected on turntable to component is adjusted Screw rod is adjusted, is provided with end slipway on the inside of the longitudinal supporting plate, the two sides of the U-shaped connection frame pass through longitudinal direction Sliding block is slidably arranged on end slipway, and U-shaped connection frame is connect by connecting screw with vertical adjustment screw rod, vertical adjustment silk Handwheel is fixedly connected on the upside of thick stick.

6. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the U The two sides of type connection frame pass through intermediate link block and connect with longitudinal sliding block, and intermediate link block is fixedly connected on longitudinal sliding block, U The two sides of type connection frame and intermediate link block are hinged, and the articulated shaft of one end of U-shaped connection frame is connected with device of rotation driving, institute The device of rotation driving stated include the drive bevel gear being fixedly connected with its input shaft and be fixedly connected with its output shaft it is passive Bevel gear, drive bevel gear engage connection with dynamic bevel gear, and handwheel, output shaft and U-shaped connection are fixedly connected on input shaft The articulated shaft of frame is fixedly connected.

7. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the U Test specimen support is provided in type connection frame, the test specimen support is arranged in U-shaped connection frame by centralising device, U-shaped connection frame Inside both ends are provided with centering sliding rail, and the centralising device includes centering rack, and the both ends of the centering rack are sliding by centering Block is slidably connected on centering sliding rail, and adjusting rod is provided between centering rack and the bottom end of U-shaped connection frame, the adjusting rod One end and centering rack be rotatablely connected, the other end of adjusting rod passes through the bottom end of U-shaped connection frame, and passes through spiral shell with U-shaped connection frame Line connection, the end of adjusting rod are provided with handwheel, and test specimen support is fixed on centering rack by force sensor.

8. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the examination Part support includes base plate and by adjusting the clamping plate that is bolted on base plate four direction, the adjusting bolt and base Plinth plate is spirally connected, the clamping plate and adjust bolt rotation connection, the test specimen support by device for regulating rotary be connected to by On force snesor.

9. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include removing Dirt device, the dust-extraction unit include dust-proof water tank, are connected with sweep-up pipe between the dust-proof water tank and Laboratory Module, described Sweep-up pipe on be provided with blower, the inlet that dust removing tube is located in Laboratory Module is provided with every husky net.

10. engineering material weathers experimental rig under wind sand environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include Sand collector, the bottom of Laboratory Module are provided with to the inclined funnel in middle part, and the husky mouth of leakage is provided in the middle part of funnel, are leaked living on husky mouth Dynamic to be covered with cover board, the sand collector includes sandbox, and the leakage sand mouth is connected to by sediment delivery pipe with sandbox.