CN110257045A - A kind of proppant, fracturing fluid and the fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum - Google Patents
A kind of proppant, fracturing fluid and the fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN110257045A CN110257045A CN201910384976.6A CN201910384976A CN110257045A CN 110257045 A CN110257045 A CN 110257045A CN 201910384976 A CN201910384976 A CN 201910384976A CN 110257045 A CN110257045 A CN 110257045A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000012781 shape memory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000431 shape-memory polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017755 Cu-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017773 Cu-Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017927 Cu—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007610 Zn—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of proppant, including proppant ontology, proppant ontology is hollow, the proppant ontology is made of shape-memory material, the volume of the proppant ontology in the initial state is greater than volume of the proppant ontology in stationary state, the proppant ontology is in stationary state, its outer wall is spherical surface, its inner wall is concavo-convex, the fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum the invention also discloses the fracturing fluid for including above-mentioned proppant and using above-mentioned proppant, it will be in multiple above-mentioned proppant ontology indentation rock cracks, volume expansion after the proppant ontology enters in rock crack, fracturing formations.The permeability of rock stratum can be improved in proppant ontology provided by the invention, fracturing fluid and the fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum, and proppant ontology compression strength is high, and breakage rate is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas mining field more particularly to the fracturing process of proppant, fracturing fluid and oil gas rock stratum.
Background technique
Proppant used in oil/gas well at present has good result to stimulating oil natural gas.Petroleum gas deep-well is opened
When adopting, high clossing pressure deposits of low permeability makes Oil gas-containing rock layer split after frac treatment, and oil gas is from the channel of cracking initiation
In collect.Proppant enters rock stratum in company with high-pressure solution and is filled in rock crack, and playing support crack, stress is not released
The effect put and be closed keeps oil gas unimpeded to keep high flow conductivity, increases yield.Existing proppant mainly have quartz sand,
The composite particles etc. of aluminium vanadine ceramsite sand and resin cladding.
Existing proppant compression strength is low, and percentage of damage is higher in subsurface environment, influences the integrality of proppant, Jin Erying
Ring the permeability for arriving rock stratum, the partial size of proppant is small, into rock stratum after the seam net gap established it is small, the permeability of rock stratum is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of proppant, can be improved the permeability of rock stratum, proppant compression strength is high, breakage rate
It is low.
In order to achieve the above objectives, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
Proppant disclosed by the invention, including proppant ontology, the proppant ontology is hollow, the proppant ontology by
Shape-memory material is made, and the volume of the proppant ontology in the initial state is greater than the proppant ontology in stationary state
When volume, the proppant ontology in stationary state, outer wall be spherical surface, inner wall be it is concavo-convex.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: proppant requires density, low-density propping agent requires density to be less than
1.65g/cm3, middle density proppant requirement density is in 1.65g/cm3And 1.80g/cm3Between, for 10000 feet of probing or more
Deep well, proppant need to be subjected to 10kpsi or higher pressure effectively to support the fracture generated by hydraulic fracturing process, big portion
Divide high-strength material density in 3g/cm3More than, high-intensitive, low-density material selects limited, expensive and manufacturing process
Complexity, proppant ontology hollow design advantageously reduce the global density for selecting proppant made of high-intensity high-density material,
Proppant ontology is made of shape-memory material, into rock stratum after restPose, volume expansion, squeeze rock stratum, establish oil
The seam net that air-flow goes out, proppant bulk volume is bigger, and the gap between the seam net of foundation is bigger, is conducive to improve permeability, high-intensitive
After proppant ontology made of material restPoses, further rock stratum is crushed, to establish increasingly complex seam
Net further increases permeability, and for the proppant ontology in stationary state, outer wall is spherical surface, conveys conducive in well
In journey reduce friction, the proppant ontology in stationary state, inner wall be it is concavo-convex, when proppant ontology is restored to initially
When state, the gap that the filling of proppant inner body wall convex portion leaves by volume expansion, proppant bulk strength will not be because of body
Product becomes larger and reduces, and proppant bulk material, grain warp and density etc. can be selected according to concrete conditions such as well depths, such structure is applicable in
Various selections.
Further, in the initial state, inner wall is spherical surface to the proppant ontology.
Using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is: inner wall is spherical surface conducive to stress dispersion, proppant ontology pressure break
Shi Qiangdu high, proppant ontology breakage rate are low.
Further, in the initial state, outer wall is for spherical surface or ellipsoid or irregularly for the proppant ontology
Convex globoidal.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: proppant ontology is conducive between seam net when rock stratum constructs seam net
The formation in gap, shape-memory material change shape and are easy.
Further, the shape-memory material is marmem or shape-memory polymer.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: material is mature, is easy to get, and marmem intensity is high, can lead to
It crosses proppant ontology and enters temperature difference triggering deformation before and after rock stratum；Shape-memory polymer manufacture, programming are convenient.
Further, the shape-memory material is thermotropic shape-memory polymer.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: can enter the temperature difference touching before and after rock stratum by proppant ontology
Send out deformation.
Further, the memory material is one-way shape memory material.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: after preventing proppant ontology from entering rock stratum expansion, because of rock stratum temperature
Degree, which reduces, causes proppant bulk volume to become smaller, and proppant ontology loosens, and support crack stress is discharged and is closed, and influences oil gas
Exudation.
Further, for the proppant ontology in stationary state, inner wall is accordion.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: when proppant ontology restPoses, the fold of inner wall can
The space that full proppant body interior is vacated by expansion is filled, after restPosing, intensity is high；Proppant ontology is fixing shape
When state, smaller volume can be compressed to, convenient for the proppant ontology of stationary state is pressed into rock stratum.
Further, for the proppant ontology in stationary state, the convex portion of inner wall is dome-type, the protrusion
Part has multiple, and multiple convex portions are uniformly distributed in the inner wall of the proppant ontology.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is: when proppant ontology restPoses, each dome-type it is convex
It rises convenient for filling the space that full proppant body interior is vacated by expansion, after restPosing, intensity is high.
The present invention discloses a kind of fracturing fluid, including above-mentioned proppant ontology.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving the permeability of rock stratum, proppant ontology compression strength is high, and breakage rate is low.
The present invention discloses a kind of fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum, and multiple above-mentioned proppant ontologies are pressed into rock crack
In, volume expansion after the proppant ontology enters in rock crack, fracturing formations.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving the permeability of rock stratum, proppant ontology compression strength is high, and breakage rate is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that embodiment one divides face equally in stationary state vertically；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that embodiment two divides face equally in stationary state vertically；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view that the present invention divides face equally vertically in the initial state；
Fig. 4 be the present invention in rock crack when schematic diagram
In figure: 1- outer wall, 2- inner wall, 3- proppant ontology, the rock stratum 4-.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing, to the present invention into
Row is further described.
Embodiment one, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, proppant disclosed by the invention, including proppant ontology 3, proppant ontology 3
Hollow, proppant ontology 3 is made of shape-memory material, and the volume of proppant ontology 3 in the initial state is greater than proppant sheet
Volume of the body 3 in stationary state.
For proppant ontology 3 in stationary state, outer wall 1 is spherical surface, and inner wall 2 is concavo-convex, the lug boss of inner wall 2
It is divided into dome-type, convex portion has multiple, and multiple convex portions are uniformly distributed in the inner wall 2 of proppant ontology 3；.
In the initial state, outer wall 1 is spherical surface or ellipsoid or irregular convex globoidal to proppant ontology 3, excellent
It is selected as spherical surface, inner wall 2 is spherical surface or ellipsoid or irregular cancave cambered surface, preferably spherical surface.
Shape of the proppant ontology 3 in stationary state and original state is using shape memory material by proppant ontology 3
It being determined when material programming production, when original state, 3 volume of proppant ontology is big, during forming stationary state, proppant sheet
3 volume of body becomes smaller, and the inner wall of proppant ontology 3 is inwardly protruding under the extruding of outer lateral pressure, is formed concavo-convex.
Shape-memory material is marmem or shape-memory polymer.
Marmem can are as follows: Au-Cd, Ag-Cd, Cu-Zn, Cu-Zn-Al, Cu-Zn-Sn, Cu-Zn-Si, Cu-Sn,
Cu-Zn-Ga, In-Ti, Au-Cu-Zn, NiAl, Fe-Pt, Ti-Ni, Ti-Ni-Pd, Ti-Nb, U-Nb and Fe-Mn-Si etc..
Shape-memory polymer can are as follows: polyethylene, polyisoprene, polyester, copolyesters, polyamide, copolyamide, poly- ammonia
High molecular materials such as ester etc..Because of bottom hole temperature (BHT) height, dark in deep-well, insufficient light, underground electrical equipment is not available, so excellent
It is selected as thermotropic shape-memory polymer.
Proppant ontology 3 can be made of one or more kinds of marmems.
Proppant ontology 3 can be made of one or more kinds of shape-memory polymers.
Proppant ontology 3 can be made of various shapes memorial alloy and shape-memory polymer.
Memory material is preferably the one-way shape memory material with one-way memory effectiveness.
Proppant ontology 3 can be selected be easy to get, economic high-intensitive material, can by adjust proppant ontology 3 partial size and
Inner hollow body accumulates to adjust the density of proppant ontology 3, determine according to actual needs 3 volume of proppant ontology.
Embodiment two, as shown in Fig. 2, proppant ontology 3 is in stationary state, inner wall 2 is accordion, remaining structure with
Embodiment one is identical.
The present invention discloses a kind of fracturing fluid, including above-mentioned proppant ontology 3.
As shown in figure 4, the present invention discloses a kind of fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum, multiple above-mentioned proppant ontologies 3 are pressed
Enter in 4 crack of rock stratum, volume expansion after the proppant ontology 3 enters in 4 crack of rock stratum, fracturing formations 4.
In the programming production process of above-mentioned proppant ontology 3, shape memory changes temperature TG according to 4 temperature of shaft bottom rock stratum
For degree to design, well depth is different, and the TG of setting is different, and the value range of TG will be contained above-mentioned between 30 DEG C -150 DEG C by pump
The fracturing fluid of proppant ontology 3 is pumped into from pit shaft, and fracturing fluid temperature is lower than TG, due to the cooling of fracturing fluid, proppant ontology 3
State is kept fixed in fracturing fluid, pit shaft front end by bridge plugging, pit shaft side wall be provided with for the proppant ontology 3 in pit shaft into
The through-hole for entering rock stratum 4, after the fracturing fluid with above-mentioned proppant ontology 3 reaches through hole, proppant ontology 3 is pressed by through-hole
It splits into the crack of rock stratum 4, after the completion of pressure break, fracturing fluid flows out 4 crack of rock stratum, and temperature is restored in 4 crack of rock stratum, at this time rock
Temperature in 4 crack of layer is greater than TG, and proppant ontology 3 returns to original state under the excitation of this temperature from stationary state, body
Product expansion, 3 volume of proppant ontology is bigger, and the seam net gap that proppant ontology 3 is built into 4 crack of rock stratum is bigger, and rock stratum 4 is seeped
Saturating rate is high, and proppant ontology 3 can further be crushed 4 crack of rock stratum, can establish more complicated seam net in expansion process,
Further increase 4 permeability of rock stratum.During restPosing, the protrusion of inner wall 2 gradually flattens proppant ontology 3,
Protrusion filling 3 internal cause of proppant ontology of inner wall 2 expands the part vacated, proppant ontology 3 will not due to volume becomes larger thickness
It is thinning, cause intensity to be lower, in the initial state, inner wall 2 and outer wall 1 are spherical surface to preferred proppant ontology 3, and outer wall 1 is
Spherical surface keeps the gap between each proppant ontology 3 big, and inside is that spherical surface disperses stress suffered by proppant ontology 3, increases
3 intensity of proppant ontology, proppant ontology 3 select the one-way shape memory material with one-way memory effectiveness, proppant ontology 3
No longer change after into the expansion of 4 crack of rock stratum, prevents 4 temperature of rock stratum from reducing proppant ontology 3 and reduce, the flow conductivity drop of oil gas
It is low.
Certainly, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, ripe
Various corresponding changes and modifications, but these corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the present invention by knowing those skilled in the art
All it should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of proppant, it is characterised in that: including proppant ontology (3), the proppant ontology (3) is hollow, the support
Agent ontology (3) is made of shape-memory material, and the volume of the proppant ontology (3) in the initial state is greater than the proppant
Volume of the ontology (3) in stationary state, for the proppant ontology (3) in stationary state, outer wall (1) is spherical surface, in
Wall (2) is concavo-convex.
2. proppant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the proppant ontology (3) in the initial state, in
Wall (2) is spherical surface.
3. proppant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the proppant ontology (3) in the initial state, outside
Wall (1) is spherical surface or ellipsoid or irregular convex globoidal.
4. proppant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shape-memory material be marmem or
Shape-memory polymer.
5. proppant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shape-memory material is poly- for thermotropic shape memory
Close object.
6. proppant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the memory material is one-way shape memory material.
7. proppant according to claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: the proppant ontology (3) is in fixing shape
When state, inner wall (2) is accordion.
8. proppant according to claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: the proppant ontology (3) is in fixing shape
When state, the convex portion of inner wall (2) is dome-type, and the convex portion has multiple, and multiple convex portions are in the branch
The inner wall (2) of support agent ontology (3) is uniformly distributed.
9. a kind of fracturing fluid, it is characterised in that: including the described in any item proppant ontologies (3) of such as claim 1-8.
10. a kind of fracturing process of oil gas rock stratum, it is characterised in that: by multiple such as the described in any item supports of claim 1-8
Agent ontology (3) is pressed into rock stratum (4) crack, volume expansion after the proppant ontology (3) enters in rock stratum (4) crack, pressure break
Rock stratum (4).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111876143A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Proppant and application thereof |
| CN113033049A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Proppant conveying numerical simulation method in rough crack under stratum scale |
| CN113182489A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-30 | 奈曼旗忠義砂产业有限公司 | Precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN113292975A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-24 | 陕西庆荣石化科技有限公司 | Novel oil field paraffin removal and dissolution ball and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024041567A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Fracture network type sand-catching agent and application thereof |
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| CN113292975B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-12-22 | 陕西庆荣石化科技有限公司 | Novel paraffin removal and dissolution ball for oil field and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024041567A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Fracture network type sand-catching agent and application thereof |
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