CN110257021B - Vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite phase change energy storage materials. The invention aims to provide a vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material with good heat conductivity. According to the material, foam carbon is used as a support, organic matters and vanadium extraction tailings are filled in pores of the foam carbon, the vanadium extraction tailings are uniformly distributed in the organic matters, the vanadium extraction tailings are micron-sized, and the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.4-3% of the weight of the composite phase change material. The composite phase-change material has the advantages that the used supporting materials, namely the foam carbon and the enhanced heat transfer agent, are low in cost; the preparation process is simple, convenient and low in energy consumption, is suitable for large-scale production, and can realize the recycling of solid waste resources and the integration of the advantages of the resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite phase change energy storage materials.
Background
The conventional energy sources have limited reserves, the development and the use of the energy sources are continuously increased, the environmental problems are increasingly aggravated, the development and the high-efficiency utilization of new energy sources are imminent, and solar energy, geothermal energy, temperature difference energy and the like in the new energy sources are intermittently limited by regions and time. The phase-change material is used for effectively storing the energy sources, so that continuous energy supply can be realized, and the utilization efficiency of the energy sources can be improved. However, the materials can also effectively play an important role in the fields of aerospace, solar drying, solar heating, industrial waste heat recovery, building energy conservation and the like. The solid-liquid organic phase change energy storage material has the advantages of large phase change latent heat, wide melting point range, stable chemical property and no phase separation, and is mainly obtained by reduction from grease of plants and animals, so the solid-liquid organic phase change energy storage material is nontoxic and non-corrosive. Therefore, the phase change material has great application potential in thermal energy storage as an environment-friendly phase change material with excellent comprehensive performance. However, the simple organic solid-liquid phase change energy storage materials also have the disadvantages of poor thermal conductivity, easy leakage in a molten state and the like, and the disadvantages also limit the wide application of the materials to a certain extent. In addition, a single organic phase change material has the disadvantages of limited heat storage capacity, narrow heat storage range and the like, so that it is very necessary to develop a combined organic phase change material with a wider heat storage range.
The existing organic solid-liquid phase change energy storage materials are composite phase change materials prepared by mainly using various porous materials as supporting materials and organic matters as main materials, such as expanded perlite, foamed graphite, foamed metal, expanded graphite, foamed ceramic and the like. However, with the addition of these porous materials, although the heat conductivity is improved to some extent, at the same time, the latent heat of phase change is reduced, and the cost of preparing these materials is still relatively high. Therefore, a method for balancing the thermal conductivity of the composite phase change energy storage material is needed, and the latent heat of phase change of the composite phase change energy storage material is kept at a high level. The foam carbon enters the field of people as a cheap supporting material, but after the composite phase-change material is prepared, the foam carbon also has a certain defect that the heat-conducting property is not obviously enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material with good heat conductivity.
The vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material is characterized in that foam carbon is used as a support, organic matters and vanadium extraction tailings are filled in pores of the foam carbon, the vanadium extraction tailings are uniformly distributed in the organic matters, the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is smaller than 23 mu m, and the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.4-3 wt% of the total weight of the organic matters and the vanadium extraction tailings.
Preferably, the carbon content of the foam carbon is 30-60%; benzene adsorption is more than or equal to 25 percent; the porosity is 70-80%; the density is 0.05 to 0.06g/cm3。
Preferably, the organic matter is at least one of paraffin, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
Preferably, the vanadium extraction tailings consist of the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of iron, 1-3% of vanadium pentoxide, 1-3% of chromium sesquioxide, and the balance of aluminum sesquioxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and inevitable impurities. More preferably, the vanadium extraction tailings consist of the following components in percentage by weight: 30 percent of iron, 2.08 percent of vanadium pentoxide, 2.24 percent of chromium oxide, and the balance of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the filling rate is greater than or equal to 90%.
According to a preferable scheme, when the organic matter is paraffin, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.8-3% of the weight of the composite phase change material; when the organic matter is palmitic acid, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 1.6% of the weight of the composite phase change material; when the organic matter is stearic acid, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.8 percent or 2 percent of the weight of the composite phase change material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material.
The preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
a. melting organic matters, adding vanadium extraction tailings, and uniformly stirring to obtain a vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture;
b. and filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon, and then cooling to obtain the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material.
Preferably, the specific method for filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture in the foam carbon in the step b comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the foam carbon in an aluminum box, pouring the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon, and stopping pouring when the foam carbon is completely covered.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material, the used supporting material foam carbon and the reinforced heat transfer agent vanadium extraction tailings are low in price; the preparation process is simple, convenient and low in energy consumption, and is suitable for large-scale production.
(2) The invention uses the paraffin, the hexadecanoic acid and the stearic acid as the solid-liquid organic phase change material, can widen the temperature range of the single organic phase change material, and extends the temperature range from about 60 ℃ to 55-75 ℃. According to the heat conduction rule, the heat of the fluid is continuously reduced in the heat transfer process, the temperature is reduced, the material with high phase-change temperature can store heat firstly, and the phase-change material with low phase-change temperature is arranged at the tail end, so that the multi-polarization utilization of heat energy is realized.
(3) In addition, the phase-change material, the foam carbon material and the solid waste are compounded to prepare diversified phase-change heat energy for storage, so that the recycling of solid waste resources is realized, and the advantage integration of the resources can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows paraffin wax mixed with 2% of 120-mesh vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 2 is a paraffin wax mixed with 2% micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 3 is a result of a heat filling performance test of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/paraffin wax composite phase change material prepared in examples 1 to 7, wherein the percentage in the figure is the content of the vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 4 is a heat release performance test result of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/paraffin wax composite phase-change material prepared in examples 1 to 7, and the percentage in the figure is the content of the vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 5 shows the results of the heat-filling performance test of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/palmitic acid composite phase-change material prepared in examples 8 to 14, wherein the percentage in the figure is the content of the vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 6 is a result of testing the heat release performance of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/hexadecanoic acid composite phase-change material prepared in examples 8-14, wherein the percentage in the figure is the content of the vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 7 shows the results of testing the heat-filling performance of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/stearic acid composite phase-change material prepared in examples 15 to 21, wherein the percentage in the figure is the content of the vanadium extraction tailings.
FIG. 8 is a heat release performance test result of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/stearic acid composite phase change material prepared in examples 15-21, wherein the percentage in the figure is the vanadium extraction tailings content.
FIG. 9 is a heat and discharge temperature field analysis of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/paraffin wax composite phase change material with 2% of vanadium extraction tailings added.
FIG. 10 is a heat and discharge infrared analysis of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/paraffin composite phase change material with 2% of vanadium extraction tailings added.
FIG. 11 is a heat and discharge temperature field analysis of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/palmitic acid composite phase change material with 1.6% of vanadium extraction tailings added.
FIG. 12 is a heat and discharge temperature field analysis of the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/stearic acid composite phase change material added with 2% of vanadium extraction tailings.
Detailed Description
The vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material takes foam carbon as a support, organic matter and vanadium extraction tailings are filled in pores of the foam carbon, the vanadium extraction tailings are uniformly distributed in the organic matter, the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is less than 23 mu m, and the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.4-3 wt% of the total weight of the organic matter and the vanadium extraction tailings. Namely, the weight of the vanadium extraction tailings/(the weight of the vanadium extraction tailings and the weight of organic matters) is 0.4-3%.
According to the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material, organic matters are adsorbed in the foam carbon by utilizing the network structure of the foam carbon, and the vanadium extraction tailings are added to accelerate heat charging and discharging of the material, so that the composite phase change material with short heat charging and discharging time is obtained, and the cost is low.
Common foam carbon commonly used in the field is suitable for the invention, preferably, the carbon content of the foam carbon is 30-60%; benzene adsorption is more than or equal to 25 percent; the porosity is 70-80%; the density is 0.05 to 0.06g/cm3。
The organic matter in the invention can adopt organic phase change materials commonly used in the field, and in order to widen the temperature range of the phase change materials, the organic matter is preferably at least one of paraffin, palmitic acid or stearic acid. The paraffin, the hexadecanoic acid and the stearic acid are used as solid-liquid organic phase change materials, so that the temperature range of a single organic phase change material can be widened from about 60 ℃ to 55-75 ℃. According to the heat conduction rule, the heat of the fluid is continuously reduced in the heat transfer process, the temperature is reduced, the material with high phase-change temperature can store heat firstly, and the phase-change material with low phase-change temperature is arranged at the tail end, so that the multi-polarization utilization of heat energy is realized.
The vanadium extraction tailings are solid wastes generated during vanadium extraction, and researches show that the vanadium extraction tailings can be used as a reinforced heat transfer agent and added into a phase-change material to improve the heat conduction rate of the phase-change material. Preferably, the vanadium extraction tailings consist of the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of iron, 1-3% of vanadium pentoxide, 1-3% of chromium sesquioxide, and the balance of aluminum sesquioxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and inevitable impurities. More preferably, the vanadium extraction tailings consist of the following components in percentage by weight: 30 percent of iron, 2.08 percent of vanadium pentoxide, 2.24 percent of chromium oxide, and the balance of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and inevitable impurities. Most of the oxides of the vanadium extraction tailings are black.
In order to improve the latent heat of phase change, the filling rate is more than or equal to 90 percent. At the moment, the organic matter fully fills the pores of the foam carbon, so that the organic matter can be utilized to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the heat conduction is enhanced. The filling rate is also called as adsorption rate, and the calculation method is as follows: filling ratio (mass after filling-initial mass of carbon foam) ÷ mass after filling × 100%.
According to a preferable scheme, when the organic matter is paraffin, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.8-3% of the weight of the composite phase change material; when the organic matter is palmitic acid, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 1.6% of the weight of the composite phase change material; when the organic matter is stearic acid, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.8 percent or 2 percent of the weight of the composite phase change material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material.
The preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material comprises the following steps:
a. melting organic matters, adding vanadium extraction tailings, and uniformly stirring to obtain a vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture;
b. and filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon, and then cooling to obtain the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material.
And b, filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into foam carbon, wherein the foam carbon can be adsorbed by adding the foam carbon into the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture by adopting an adsorption method or a pouring method. In order to improve the filling rate, preferably, a pouring method is adopted, namely the foam carbon is placed in an aluminum box, the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture is poured into the foam carbon, and the pouring is stopped when the foam carbon is completely covered.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The compositions of the vanadium extraction tailings in the examples are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of vanadium tailings (wt%)
Example 1
Purchasing a foam carbon material through a network, wherein the main material of the material has carbon content of 30-60 (%); benzene adsorption is more than or equal to 25 (%); the porosity is 70-80%, and the foam carbon with the size of 4 multiplied by 1cm is obtained by shearing with a shear.
Three groups of 200g of raw ores are selected for sorting, the highest proportion is more than 40 meshes and accounts for 61.5 percent, because the raw ores have too large particles, a common crusher is firstly used for primary crushing, the particle size is reduced to below 325 meshes, 40g of 325-mesh vanadium extraction tailings are ground by a micro planetary ball mill, the rotating speed of a grinding machine is 300r/min, the grinding time is 10 hours, and micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings are obtained, and the particle size is less than or equal to 23 mu m.
Weighing 30g of paraffin into a beaker, placing the beaker into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃, continuously stirring by using a glass rod until all solids are melted, keeping the temperature for more than 30min after the melting so as to prevent partial paraffin from being melted, adding 3% of micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings into the beaker, keeping the temperature for more than 20min, stirring, placing the cut foam carbon into a prepared aluminum box, pouring the uniformly stirred solid-liquid mixture of the vanadium extraction tailings paraffin onto the foam carbon, pouring when the foam carbon is just completely covered by the solid-liquid mixture, and obtaining the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/paraffin composite phase change material after organic matter is cooled.
Examples 2 to 7
By adopting the method in example 1, the addition amount of the vanadium extraction tailings is changed, and 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% of micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings are added into a beaker respectively to prepare the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/paraffin composite phase-change material.
Example 8
The method of example 1 is adopted to change paraffin into hexadecanoic acid, and the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/hexadecanoic acid composite phase change material is prepared.
Examples 9 to 14
By adopting the method of the embodiment 8, the adding amount of the vanadium extraction tailings is changed, and the micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings of 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% are respectively added into a beaker to prepare the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/palmitic acid composite phase-change material.
Example 15
The method of example 1 is adopted, paraffin is changed into stearic acid, the water bath temperature is changed to 90 ℃, and the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/stearic acid composite phase change material is prepared.
Examples 16 to 21
By adopting the method of the embodiment 15, the adding amount of the vanadium extraction tailings is changed, and 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% of micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings are respectively added into a beaker to prepare the vanadium extraction tailings/carbon foam/stearic acid composite phase-change material.
Comparative example 1
Melting paraffin with a certain mass in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃, keeping the constant-temperature water bath kettle for more than 30min to prevent partial paraffin from being not melted, and respectively adding 2% of 120-mesh and micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings into two beakers in which the equal-mass paraffin is melted, wherein specific results are shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein figure 1 shows paraffin mixed with 2% of 120-mesh vanadium extraction tailings, and figure 2 shows paraffin mixed with 2% of micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings, and the micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings are more uniformly mixed in the paraffin.
The method verifies that the hexadecanoic acid and the stearic acid are both more uniformly mixed by the micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings.
Comparative example 2
Respectively adding equal amount of paraffin into a beaker, heating in a constant temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃ until the paraffin is completely melted, respectively adding 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% of vanadium extraction tailings which are close to a nanometer level into the beaker, keeping the temperature constant, adding cut foam carbon, stirring for 20min for primary adsorption, taking out and cooling, weighing the mass after primary adsorption, and calculating the primary adsorption rate, wherein the primary adsorption amount is shown in table 2. Primary adsorption rate calculation mode: first adsorption rate (mass after complete adsorption-initial mass of carbon foam) ÷ mass after complete adsorption × 100%
TABLE 2 Primary adsorption Rate after addition of vanadium tailings
From the condition of the initial adsorption rate, as the mass fraction of the vanadium extraction tailings in the organic matters increases, the initial adsorption rate of the foam carbon also increases, which indicates that the added vanadium extraction tailings close to the nanometer level are immersed in the foam carbon, but the total adsorption rate is still below 75%, which indicates that the gaps are not filled, and the heat conduction is not enhanced. Therefore, direct filling is preferred in the preparation process, and the amount of adsorption after filling is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 adsorption rate of carbon foam filled with solid-liquid mixture
Test example 1
And testing the heat charge and discharge of various composite phase-change materials by adopting a multi-channel digital temperature recorder. The temperature probe of the thermometer is inserted into the center of the material, the material is covered by common foam material, after the preparation is completed, the metallic aluminum box is put into a constant temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃ or 90 ℃ (paraffin and hexadecanoic acid are 80 ℃, and stearic acid is 90 ℃) to carry out heat charging experiment, and when heat is released, the material is put into a water bath kettle at about 30 ℃ to carry out heat release test. The heat charging performance test of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/paraffin composite phase-change material is shown in figure 3, and the heat release performance test is shown in figure 4. The heat filling test result of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/hexadecanoic acid composite phase change material is shown in figure 5, and the heat release performance test is shown in figure 6. The heat filling test result of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/stearic acid composite phase change material is shown in figure 7, and the heat release performance test is shown in figure 8.
As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, after 0.4-3% of the vanadium extraction tailings are added, the time for heating to 60 ℃ is faster than that of the method without the vanadium extraction tailings; according to the heat release result, except that the heat release time of the composite material added with 0.4% of the vanadium extraction tailings is a little longer than that of 0% at 35 ℃, the heat release time of the composite material is shorter than that of 0%, and the fact that the heat release time of the composite material added with 0.8-3% of the vanadium extraction tailings close to the nanometer level can accelerate the heat charge and release of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/paraffin composite phase change material is shown. Wherein the composite phase-change material added with 2 percent of vanadium extraction tailings reaches 60 ℃ at first and 0.4 percent at the latest.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, after adding 3% and 1.6% of the micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings, the time for charging to 65 ℃ is faster than that without adding the vanadium extraction tailings; from the heat release results, except that the composite materials added with 1.6 percent and 0.8 percent of vanadium extraction tailings release heat to 45 ℃ faster than 0 percent, the other materials are longer than 0 percent, which indicates that the heat release of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/hexadecanoic acid composite phase-change material can be accelerated by adding about 1.6 percent of the vanadium extraction tailings close to the nanometer level.
As can be seen from the graphs of FIGS. 7 and 8, after 0.8% and 2% of the micron-sized vanadium extraction tailings are added, the time for charging the vanadium extraction tailings to about 75 ℃ is faster than that of the vanadium extraction tailings without being added, the time for adding 3% of the vanadium extraction tailings is almost as same as that of 0%, and the heat release time for adding 3% of the vanadium extraction tailings is faster than that of 0% to 35 ℃, and the heat release time for adding 0.8%, 1.6% and 2% of the vanadium extraction tailings close to the nanometer level is almost as same as that of 0%, which indicates that the heat charging and releasing of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/stearic acid composite phase change material can be accelerated by adding about 0.8% and 2% of the vanadium extraction tailings close to the nanometer level.
Test example 2
And (3) analyzing the thermal field of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/paraffin wax composite phase change material added with 2% of the vanadium extraction tailings by using an infrared imager, placing the composite phase change material in an aluminum box, placing the aluminum box in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃, taking out the composite phase change material every 2min, placing the composite phase change material on white paper, and testing the temperature field of the material by using the infrared imager. An infrared analysis chart of the composite phase change material with 2% of the vanadium extraction tailings added is shown in FIG. 9. The heat charging and discharging situation is shown in figure 10. The infrared temperature field analysis shows that the central temperature and the highest temperature of the composite phase change material are regularly changed, and the high temperature field mainly appears at the edge of the aluminum box because the aluminum box is in direct contact with the water bath to quickly heat up, the temperature is higher, and the difference between the low temperature and the high temperature is larger. The heat charging shows that the central temperature of the phase-change material reaches 62.3 ℃ in 24min, and the maximum temperature reaches 70.2 ℃ after 40min, and is 7 ℃ lower than the maximum temperature; from the heat release result, it can be seen that the central temperature of the phase change material is reduced from 70.2 ℃ to 33.1 ℃ after 62min, and the central temperature is different from the maximum temperature by 0.6 ℃, which shows that the maximum temperature is basically consistent with the central temperature in the temperature reduction process of the phase change material.
Test example 3
An infrared imager is adopted to analyze the thermal field of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/hexadecanoic acid composite phase change material added with 1.6 percent of vanadium extraction tailings, the composite phase change material is placed in an aluminum box and is placed in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at the temperature of 80 ℃, an infrared image is taken every 2min, and the specific analysis result is shown in a figure 11. The temperature rise process is that the central field temperature is increased from 29.2 ℃ to 66.0 ℃ within 64min, and the boundary field temperature is increased from 29.8 ℃ to 74.4 ℃; and in the cooling process, the central temperature and the high temperature are both reduced to about 32 ℃ after 66min, and the phase change material mainly takes a solid phase and has small fluctuation in the cooling process.
Test example 4
And (3) analyzing the thermal field of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/stearic acid composite phase change material added with 2% of the vanadium extraction tailings by using an infrared imager, placing the composite phase change material in an aluminum box, placing the aluminum box in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 90 ℃, shooting an infrared image every 2min, and specifically, obtaining an analysis result shown in figure 12. In the temperature rise process, the temperature of the central field is increased from 29.5 ℃ to 70.9 ℃ within 32min, the temperature of the boundary field is increased from 30.2 ℃ to 76.8 ℃, and the difference between the high temperature and the central temperature is about 6 ℃; and in the cooling process, the central temperature and the high temperature are both reduced to about 32 ℃ after 80 min.
Claims (4)
1. The vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material is characterized in that: the composite phase-change material takes foam carbon as a support, organic matters and vanadium extraction tailings are filled in pores of the foam carbon, the vanadium extraction tailings are uniformly distributed in the organic matters, the granularity of the vanadium extraction tailings is less than 23 mu m, and the vanadium extraction tailings account for 0.4-3 wt% of the total weight of the organic matters and the vanadium extraction tailings; the organic matter is paraffin, the vanadium extraction tailings account for 1.6%, 2% or 3% of the weight of the composite phase-change material, and the phase-change temperature of the paraffin is 60 ℃; the carbon content of the foam carbon is 30-60%; benzene adsorption is more than or equal to 25 percent; the porosity is 70-80%; the density is 0.05 to 0.06g/cm3；
The vanadium extraction tailings are prepared fromThe composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 32.80% TFe, 12.90% TiO22.08% of V2O57.84% MnO, 14.40% SiO23.20% of Al2O32.50% of CaO, 3.57% of MgO and 2.24% of Cr2O3And unavoidable impurities.
2. The vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filling rate is more than or equal to 90 percent.
3. The preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. melting organic matters, adding vanadium extraction tailings, and uniformly stirring to obtain a vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture;
b. and filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon, and then cooling to obtain the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material.
4. The preparation method of the vanadium extraction tailings/foam carbon/organic matter composite phase change material according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the specific method for filling the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon in the step b comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the foam carbon in an aluminum box, pouring the vanadium extraction tailings-organic matter solid-liquid mixture into the foam carbon, and stopping pouring when the foam carbon is completely covered.
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