CN110256610B - Method for extracting latex by using extremely-strong electric field roller electrode - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting latex by a roller pole in an extremely strong electric field, which comprises the steps of introducing the latex into an extremely strong electric field roller pole electric-induced extraction device from a rubber inlet at one side, adjusting direct-current voltage and the distance between an anode roller and a cathode tank to form the extremely strong electric field, extracting the latex by a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks to obtain clarified liquid and rubber sheets, continuously introducing the rubber sheets coagulated from the anode roller into a cleaning device through a traction device for cleaning, drying in a drying device to constant weight, and packaging to obtain the finished rubber. The method has the advantages of simple process, no flocculation process, environmental protection, cost saving, complete retention of rubber components obtained by flocculation, excellent performance of rubber products, few artificial influence factors of the process, stable product quality, low energy consumption, high efficiency and easy realization of continuous industrial production, and is different from the traditional flocculation process and a uniform electric field extraction device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for extracting latex by using a roller electrode in an extremely strong electric field, which is different from the traditional flocculation mode and uniform electric field extraction device of rubber, adopts an extremely strong electric field roller electrode induced continuous extraction process, and solves the key problems of difficult automatic production, long acid or biological flocculation process period, difficult waste glue water treatment and the like. The method has low energy consumption and higher efficiency than that of a common uniform electric field extraction device, and the obtained rubber is mainly applied to various rubber products, including rubber for automobile tires, rubber wires, latex products and the like.
Background
Rubber is an indispensable raw material in industry, and the development of the automobile industry also draws the internal demand of the rubber industry in China. The coagulation of latex has important influence on the quality of rubber, but the acid flocculation process adopted generally needs to use a flocculating agent, and acid-containing wastewater generated in the production process needs to be treated, so that the environmental pollution is great. In order to improve the performance of the product and reduce the environmental pollution, the research on the solidification process is very important.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the principle of electrophoresis and provides a set of device for improving efficiency by electroextracting latex, and the device utilizes the charge property of colloidal particles to directionally move under the action of an electric field and enrich at a polar plate so as to achieve the aim of solidification.
201710603447, the method provides the method and mechanism for extracting latex by electrophoresis, and the research on industrial equipment is not deeply explained. And patent 201811324243.5: a method for continuous extraction of latex, patent 201811324261.3: a method of extracting latex, patent 201811324247.3: the three patents adopt a homogeneous electric field extraction device to extract latex.
The device is characterized in that deep research is carried out on industrial equipment, the concept of an extremely strong electric field is provided, a set of feasible, high-efficiency and high-industrialization-degree method and equipment for electrically extracting latex are designed, the device for extracting latex by the extremely strong electric field is adopted, the latex outlet efficiency is high, and the energy consumption is far lower than that of a uniform electric field device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for extracting latex from a roller pole in an extremely strong electric field, which comprises the steps of introducing the latex into an extremely strong electric field roller pole electric induction extraction device from a rubber inlet at one side, adjusting direct current voltage and the distance between an anode roller and a cathode tank to form the extremely strong electric field, extracting the latex through a plurality of anode tanks and cathode tanks to obtain clarified liquid and rubber sheets, continuously introducing the rubber sheets coagulated from the anode roller into a cleaning device through a traction device for cleaning, drying in a drying device to constant weight, and packaging to obtain the finished rubber. The method has the advantages of simple process, no flocculation process, environmental protection, cost saving, complete retention of rubber components obtained by flocculation, excellent performance of rubber products, few artificial influence factors of the process, stable product quality, low energy consumption, high efficiency and easy realization of continuous industrial production, and is different from the traditional flocculation process and a uniform electric field extraction device.
The system comprises a latex continuous extraction device with an extremely strong electric field, a traction device and a drying device; wherein the device for continuously extracting latex by using an extremely strong electric field comprises a positive electrode groove and a negative electrode groove of a roller electrode which are made of conductive materials; the distance between the negative electrode groove and the positive electrode roller is from large to small, and then from small to large; the extremely strong electric field is that the electric field changes from weak to strong to weak from the latex inlet to the latex outlet, and the electric field intensity reaches the strongest at the minimum distance between the anode and the cathode of the extremely strong electric field; introducing latex with the dry glue mass content of 1-60% into a latex continuous extraction device through a glue inlet in an extremely strong electric field, wherein the ratio of the strongest electric field strength to the weakest electric field strength in the extremely strong electric field is more than or equal to 10; adjusting the direct current voltage to be 9-450V, adjusting the minimum distance between two electrodes of the extremely strong electric field to be 0.3-15 mm, wherein the electric field intensity at the minimum distance in the extremely strong electric field is more than or equal to 30000V/m; the latex is extracted by an extremely strong electric field to obtain residual liquid and rubber sheets on the other side, and the rubber sheets coagulated on the positive roller are continuously discharged by a traction device.
The boat type electroextraction device with the extremely strong electric field electrode is formed by matching an anode roller and a semicircular cathode boat.
The anode roller is made of conductive materials, and can be made of inert materials such as graphite, gold, platinum and the like, or a conductive polymer film is coated on the surface of the anode roller.
The negative electrode groove is made of conductive materials and is formed by connecting a plurality of semicircular negative electrode boats in series.
The latex comprises field natural latex, concentrated latex, skim latex, styrene-butadiene latex, nitrile-butadiene latex, chloroprene latex, butyl latex or a mixture of the latex.
The film can be cleaned or not cleaned, and the cleaning device is a rinsing pool or a spraying cleaning device.
The drying mode is low-temperature air drying, infrared drying, superheated steam drying, hot air drying or microwave drying.
The present invention is proposed to solve the following industrial problems: firstly, the flocculant of the rubber is gelled, so that the consumption cost is high; the other is that the use of the flocculating agent causes great pollution to the environment and the water treatment cost is high. Finally, the process for extracting the latex by the uniform electric field has the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and the like.
The method for extracting latex by adopting the extremely strong electric field fully solves the problems. The fundamental reason why latex particles are kept stable and do not break emulsion and aggregate is that the latex particles are protected by a protective layer made of hydrophilic substances such as charged proteins and lipids on the surface of colloidal particles, and the purpose can be achieved by destroying the stability of an electric double layer of the latex particles when destabilizing and breaking emulsion.
The invention provides a method for extracting latex by using a roller electrode with an extremely strong electric field, which is characterized in that a latex device is continuously extracted by using the extremely strong electric field consisting of a single or a plurality of positive rollers and negative grooves, the extremely strong electric field is formed by adjusting direct current voltage and the distance between the positive rollers and the negative grooves, the latex is extracted by a plurality of positive and negative grooves to obtain clarified liquid and rubber sheets, the rubber sheets coagulated from the positive rollers are continuously led into a cleaning device through a traction device to be cleaned, then dried in a drying device to constant weight, and packaged to obtain finished rubber. The method has the advantages of simple process, no flocculation process, environmental protection, cost saving, complete retention of rubber components obtained by flocculation, excellent performance of rubber products, few artificial influence factors of the process, stable product quality, low energy consumption, high efficiency and easy realization of continuous industrial production, and is different from the traditional flocculation process and a uniform electric field extraction device.
The extremely strong electric field concept that this application provided, under same electric current and voltage condition, electric field intensity maximum appears when the minimum department of the two poles of the earth interval promptly, and it is great to advance gluey mouthful electric field intensity and the minimum department electric field intensity difference of utmost point interval, and the ratio of electric field intensity is greater than 10. The latex extraction by adopting an extremely strong electric field has low energy consumption and low acidification rate, and electrophoresis is dominant in the technology. In the device for extracting latex by using the extremely strong electric field, the electric field intensity at the latex inlet is weak, the electrolytic difference acidification rate is low, when the extremely small distance is reached, the electric field intensity is large, latex particles are attached to the anode through electrophoresis to form a film due to the electroosmosis effect, the water content of the film is low, the compactness of the film is good, and the process energy consumption is low.
The electric field intensity of the extremely strong electric field roller pole extraction device is as follows: the minimum electric field is required to be 30000v/m, the aim is that the electroosmosis effect is strong, the water content of the formed compact film is low, and the water content is less than 40% of the mass of the film. When the discharge speed is lower than 30000v/m, the electroosmosis effect is weak, the dehydration efficiency is low, and the film is thin, high in water content and low in yield under the same discharge speed. The water content may be less than 40% when the latex is held for 2s at a field strength of about 30000v/m spacing. At the same time, the minimum spacing between the two poles defining the extremely strong electric field is 0.3mm thick, because when a dense film is attached to the positive pole, sufficient spacing ensures throughput. When the distance reaches 15mm, the thickness of the film is larger, and the thickness of the film can be adjusted according to the feeding and discharging speed.
The method can be used for latex with different concentrations, including concentrated latex, field latex, styrene-butadiene latex and the like, and simultaneously solves the key problems of flocculation drying, waste glue water treatment and the like. The produced rubber can be applied to the fields of car tread rubber, engineering tread rubber and the like.
The method avoids or reduces the use of a large amount of flocculating agent, and greatly reduces the cost of the rubber. Meanwhile, strong acid is also avoided being used as a coagulant of the skim coating, the sewage treatment is less, and the environment is friendly. Compared with the traditional acid method, the electrophoresis method has small artificial influence factors, is easy to obtain products with stable quality, and is suitable for continuous industrial production.
The invention has the advantages of
The method for extracting latex by using the roller electrode with an extremely strong electric field has the advantages that:
1. the use of a large amount of flocculating agent is avoided or reduced, and the cost of the rubber is greatly reduced.
2. Avoids using strong acid as a coagulant of the skim coating, has less sewage treatment and is environment-friendly.
3. The invention has the advantages of few production steps, high quality uniformity, low energy consumption and low cost, and improves the electrowinning efficiency.
4. The non-glue components in the skim latex are completely reserved, and the quality of the skim latex is improved.
5. Simple process, high automation degree of equipment and high production efficiency.
6. The preparation process has small artificial influence factors, is easy to obtain products with stable quality, and is suitable for continuous industrial production.
All performance test standards of the invention are carried out according to corresponding national standards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention
1, a glue inlet; 2, a positive electrode roller; 3, a film traction device; 4 a conveying device; 5, a drying device; 6, cleaning the device; 7, a negative electrode groove; 8 single semicircular negative pole grooves; 9 positive pole roll shaft
Detailed Description
Example 1
Introducing 700g of natural latex with the dry glue mass content of 30% into a negative electrode groove of a double-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, adjusting the direct-current voltage to be 9V, adjusting the minimum distance between a positive electrode roller and a negative electrode groove electrode of a gold material of an extremely-strong electric field to be 0.3mm, adjusting the electric field intensity to be 30000V/m, and adjusting the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity to be 30. Extracting the latex by an extremely strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.03g, drying by hot air, and packaging to obtain 209.97g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, an anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber mixing is carried out, the vulcanization curve and the rubber processability are measured after standing for 8 hours, and the mechanical properties are measured after vulcanization at 150 ℃.
Example 2
500g of concentrated natural latex with the dry glue mass content of 60 percent is introduced into a first negative electrode groove of a three-roller extremely strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, the direct current voltage is adjusted to be 450V, the minimum distance between a graphite positive electrode roller and a negative electrode groove electrode of an extremely strong electric field is adjusted to be 0.3mm, the electric field intensity is 1500000V/m, and the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity is 50. Extracting the latex by a strong electric field to obtain clarified liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the mass residue of the clarified liquid is less than or equal to 0.06g, drying by cold air, and packaging to obtain 299.94g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, an anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber mixing is carried out, the vulcanization curve and the rubber processability are measured after standing for 8 hours, and the mechanical properties are measured after vulcanization at 150 ℃.
Example 3
5000g of skim rubber with the dry rubber mass content of 5% is introduced into a negative electrode groove of a four-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a rubber inlet at one side, the direct-current voltage is adjusted to be 200V, the minimum distance between a platinum positive electrode roller and a negative electrode groove electrode of an extremely-strong electric field is adjusted to be 0.5mm, the electric field intensity is 400000V/m, and the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity is 35. And extracting the latex by using an extremely strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.015g, and cleaning, carrying out infrared drying and packaging to obtain 249.985g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, an anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber mixing is carried out, the vulcanization curve and the rubber processability are measured after standing for 8 hours, and the mechanical properties are measured after vulcanization at 150 ℃.
Example 4
Introducing 800g of styrene-butadiene latex with the dry glue mass content of 40% into a negative pole groove of a double-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, adjusting the direct current voltage to be 450V, adjusting the minimum distance between a platinum positive pole roller and a negative pole groove pole of an extremely-strong electric field to be 2mm, adjusting the electric field intensity to be 225000V/m, and adjusting the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity to be 50. The latex is extracted by a strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, the latex is extracted until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.004g, and the finished product of rubber 319.996g is obtained by cleaning, hot air drying and packaging.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, 1g of an anti-aging agent 1010NA, 1g of N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber is mixed, and after standing for 8 hours, a vulcanization curve and rubber processability are measured, and vulcanization is carried out at 150 ℃ to measure mechanical properties.
Example 5
1200g of butyronitrile latex with the dry glue mass content of 40 percent is introduced into a negative electrode groove of a single-roller extremely strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, the direct current voltage is adjusted to be 250V, the minimum distance between a gold positive electrode roller and the negative electrode groove of the extremely strong electric field is adjusted to be 5mm, the electric field strength is 50000V/m, and the ratio of the strongest electric field strength to the weakest electric field strength is 60. Extracting the latex by a strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.004g, drying by cold air, and packaging to obtain 479.996g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, an anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber mixing is carried out, the vulcanization curve and the rubber processability are measured after standing for 8 hours, and the mechanical properties are measured after vulcanization at 150 ℃.
Example 6
Introducing 1000g of neoprene latex with the dry glue mass content of 40% into a negative electrode groove of a four-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, adjusting the direct current voltage to be 200V, adjusting the minimum distance between a graphite positive electrode roller and the negative electrode groove of the extremely-strong electric field to be 1mm, adjusting the electric field intensity to be 200000V/m, and adjusting the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity to be 50. Extracting the latex by an extremely strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual amount of the clear liquid rubber is 0.005g, drying by a drying room, and packaging to obtain 399.995g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, an anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber mixing is carried out, the vulcanization curve and the rubber processability are measured after standing for 8 hours, and the mechanical properties are measured after vulcanization at 150 ℃.
Example 7
300g of natural latex with the dry glue mass content of 60% and 2000g of skim latex with the dry glue mass content of 5% are uniformly mixed and then introduced into a negative electrode groove of a five-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, the direct current voltage is adjusted to be 450V, the minimum distance between a high-molecular conductive positive electrode roller and a negative electrode groove electrode of the extremely-strong electric field is adjusted to be 15mm, the electric field intensity is 30000V/m, and the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity is 40. Extracting the latex by an extremely strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.003g, cleaning, drying by hot air and packaging to obtain 189.997g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, 1g of an anti-aging agent 1010NA, 1g of N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber is mixed, and after standing for 8 hours, a vulcanization curve and rubber processability are measured, and vulcanization is carried out at 150 ℃ to measure mechanical properties.
Example 8
200g of natural latex with the dry glue mass content of 60% and 200g of styrene-butadiene latex with the dry glue mass content of 40% are uniformly mixed and then are introduced into a negative pole groove of a double-roller extremely-strong electric field extraction device from a glue inlet at one side, the direct current voltage is adjusted to be 150V, the minimum distance between a platinum positive pole roller and a negative pole groove pole of the extremely-strong electric field is adjusted to be 0.5mm, the electric field intensity is 300000V/m, and the ratio of the strongest electric field intensity to the weakest electric field intensity is 80. Extracting the latex by an extremely strong electric field to obtain clear liquid and rubber sheets, extracting the latex until the residual rubber content of the clear liquid is 0.003g, cleaning, drying by hot air and packaging to obtain 199.997g of finished rubber.
100g of the solid rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, 1g of an anti-aging agent 1010NA, 1g of N33030 g, 1.2g of an accelerator CZ and 2g of sulfur are taken, rubber is mixed, and after standing for 8 hours, a vulcanization curve and rubber processability are measured, and vulcanization is carried out at 150 ℃ to measure mechanical properties.
Comparative example 1
On a double-roller milling machine, according to the formula: 100g of smoked sheet rubber, 5g of ZnO, 2g of stearic acid, 1g of anti-aging agent 1010NA, 1.2g of accelerator CZ, 2g of sulfur, rubber mixing, standing for 8h, measuring a vulcanization curve and rubber processability, vulcanizing at 150 ℃ and measuring mechanical properties.
Comparative example 2
Adopting formic acid to flocculate 400g of concentrated latex with solid content of 60%, drying to obtain 240g of natural rubber, taking 100g of natural rubber, and mixing on a double-roller mill according to the formula: ZnO5g, stearic acid 2g, antiager 1010NA1g, N33030 g, accelerant CZ 1.2g, sulfur 2g, rubber refining, standing for 8h, measuring vulcanization curve and rubber processability, vulcanizing at 150 deg.C, and measuring mechanical properties.
Comparative example 3
Flocculating 400g of styrene butadiene rubber with the solid content of 40% by using sulfuric acid, drying to obtain 120g of natural rubber, taking 100g of natural rubber, and mixing on a double-roller milling machine according to the formula: ZnO5g, stearic acid 2g, antiager 1010NA1g, N33030 g, accelerant CZ 1.2g, sulfur 2g, rubber refining, standing for 8h, measuring vulcanization curve and rubber processability, vulcanizing at 150 deg.C, and measuring mechanical properties.
Comparative example 4
Flocculating 400g of nitrile rubber with the solid content of 40% by using calcium chloride, drying to obtain 160g of nitrile rubber, taking 100g of nitrile rubber, and mixing on a double-roller milling machine according to the formula: ZnO5g, stearic acid 2g, anti-aging agent 1010NA1g, N33030 g, accelerant CZ 1.2g, sulfur 2g, rubber refining, standing for 8h, measuring vulcanization curve and rubber processability, vulcanizing at 150 ℃, and measuring mechanical properties.
TABLE comparison of mechanical Properties of examples and comparative examples
Claims (1)
1. A method for extracting latex by a roller electrode with an extremely strong electric field is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a latex continuous extraction device with an extremely strong electric field, a traction device and a drying device;
wherein the device for continuously extracting latex by using an extremely strong electric field comprises a positive electrode groove and a negative electrode groove of a roller electrode which are made of conductive materials; the distance between the negative electrode groove and the positive electrode roller is from large to small, and then from small to large; the extremely strong electric field is that the electric field changes from weak to strong to weak from the latex inlet to the latex outlet, and the electric field intensity reaches the strongest at the minimum distance between the anode and the cathode of the extremely strong electric field; introducing latex with the dry glue mass content of 1-60% into a latex continuous extraction device through a glue inlet in an extremely strong electric field, wherein the ratio of the strongest electric field strength to the weakest electric field strength in the extremely strong electric field is more than or equal to 10; adjusting the direct current voltage to be 9-450V, adjusting the minimum distance between two electrodes of the extremely strong electric field to be 0.3-15 mm, wherein the electric field intensity at the minimum distance in the extremely strong electric field is more than or equal to 30000V/m; extracting latex by an extremely strong electric field to obtain residual liquid and rubber sheets on the other side, and continuously discharging the rubber sheets coagulated from the positive roller by a traction device; the negative electrode groove is made of conductive material and is formed by connecting a plurality of semicircular negative electrode boats in series.
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| CN114349883A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Flocculation device for continuous electric field assisted wet rubber mixing and rubber mixing equipment with same |
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| CN109280099B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-01-21 | 北京化工大学 | Method for electroextracting latex |
| CN109517095A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-03-26 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of coagulation system and method for Heveatex |
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