CN110256182A - Composite incendiary agents and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite incendiary agents and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110256182A CN110256182A CN201910354089.4A CN201910354089A CN110256182A CN 110256182 A CN110256182 A CN 110256182A CN 201910354089 A CN201910354089 A CN 201910354089A CN 110256182 A CN110256182 A CN 110256182A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/12—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds
- C06B33/14—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
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Abstract
It according to total weight is in terms of 100% by the Composite incendiary agents, the Composite incendiary agents are made of the following raw materials according of following weight content: thermite 65%~75% the present invention provides a kind of Composite incendiary agents applied to high-temperature melt flow destroying ammunition device；Diluent 5%~7%；Gas-forming agent 2%~5%；Assistant medicament 18%~23%；It wherein, is in terms of 100% by the total weight of the thermite, the thermite is made of the following raw materials according of following weight content: di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；Copper oxide 16%~25%；Aluminium powder 23%~24%.Diluent be magnesia or aluminum oxide, 5%~7%；Gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate, 2%~5%；It is in terms of 100% by the total weight of the assistant medicament, the assistant medicament is made of the following raw materials according of following weight content: assistant medicament calcirm-fluoride 45%~60%, nickel powder 30%~40% and silica 5%~15%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of combustion technology more particularly to a kind of Composite incendiary agents and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
The destruction of the unexplodeds such as ammunition, land mine is army's frequently problem, and unexploded risk is high, seriously threatens its week
Side personnel, facilities and equipment safety, interfere military operation and military training work normal development, need to take measures to arrange as early as possible
It removes.Existing demolition method destroys unexploded, needs to prepare explosive, detonator in advance, when tying up explosive, detection detonator, needs operation
The blasting charge is placed on unexploded by personnel, and degree of danger is high, intricate operation, large labor intensity, low efficiency.In addition, demolition is not
Quick-fried bullet needs enough security protection distances, especially when unexploded is beside critical facility, not using blasting procedure demolition
Quick-fried bullet is not good method.
In view of above-mentioned drawback, researcher proposes a kind of new metal melt flow quick igniting ammunition disposal method, this method
Using a kind of high-temperature melt flow apparatus for destroying, the high-temperature metal melt flow that Composite incendiary agents are generated sprays, burn through ammunition metal shell,
It ignites the burning destroying ammunition method of internal explosive；Currently, metal melt flow destroys method, the thermite incendiary agent used is with three oxidations
Two iron, ferroso-ferric oxide and aluminium powder are main reacted constituent, and it is limited that the reactant in unit volume generates heat, also, with multiple
The increase of combination burning agent Powder pressing density, Composite incendiary agents reaction speed can further decline, cause in the unit time, without enough
Melt flow generate, cause to penetrate that effect is poor, the bad phenomenons such as small of perforating, the melt flow main component sprayed in addition is irony, relatively
In copper stream, kinetic energy small flow is poor, meets with ammunition shell, is easy to become skull and is attached to ammunition surface, cannot be conducive to fast
Fast thawing wears metal shell, and the skull for being attached to metal surface hinders the subsequent further burn through body of melt flow, causes under burn through ability
The problem of drop, it is difficult to which satisfaction, which is ignited, does not ignite destroying ammunition requirement, especially lower in environment temperature, and it is thicker to encounter ammunition shell
The case where, it even results in and is unable to burn through and ignites ammunition, bake combustion instead and ignite the bad problems such as ammunition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Composite incendiary agents and preparation method thereof, it is intended to solve existing metal melt flow pin
After ruining the medicament pressing molding used in method, as there is reaction speed reduction, speed, the temperature of melt flow ejection in Powder pressing density increase
The problem of degree, density reduce, and burn through ability declines promotes the medicament for making the burn through of burner, cutting the energy of metal
Power improves melt flow temperature to reach, improves melt flow speed and melt flow kinetic energy, and then melt flow is avoided to crust, control melt flow work
The effect of duration
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of Composite incendiary agents are in terms of 100% by the total weight of the Composite incendiary agents, and the Composite incendiary agents are by as follows
The following component of weight percentage forms:
Wherein, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by following weight content following raw materials according
Composition:
Di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；
Copper oxide 16%~25%；
Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
And a kind of preparation method of Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps: with the raw material gross weight of the Composite incendiary agents
Amount is 100% meter, provides the following component of following weight percentage: thermite 65%~75%；Diluent 5%~7%；It makes
Gas agent 2%~5%；Assistant medicament 18%~23%；Wherein, the thermite is made of di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder,
The diluent is magnesia or aluminum oxide, and the assistant medicament is made of calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica, described to make
Gas agent is potassium nitrate；
The aluminium powder is divided into two parts, two parts of aluminium powders are mixed with the di-iron trioxide, copper oxide respectively, obtain two groups
Mixed component；After two groups of mixed components are toasted 2~3 hours in the baking oven that temperature is 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, with drying process
Gas-forming agent potassium nitrate and assistant medicament calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder, silicon dioxide powder afterwards is mixed, and the first mixed material is obtained；
First mixed material is mixed with the diluent, at a temperature of 100 DEG C~120 °, dries 2~6 hours, does
After dry processing, the Composite incendiary agents are obtained.
Composite incendiary agents provided by the invention, by the thermite of certain content, diluent, gas-forming agent and assistant medicament group
At.It is respectively formulated suitable content, is conducive to the pressure for adjusting the eruption of melt flow body, so that improving it penetrates effect.Specifically, this hair
The bright Composite incendiary agents, using di-iron trioxide, copper oxide and the aluminium powder that certain content matches as thermite raw material components,
In, the reaction speed of copper oxide and aluminium powder reaction system it is very fast (compared to copper oxide and di-iron trioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide it is anti-
Answer, the copper oxide of phase homogenous quantities reacts the heat generated with aluminium powder and reacts the heat generated with aluminium powder more than ferroso-ferric oxide), from
And the production rate of metal melt flow and gas production rate in the unit time are improved, so that reaction system internal pressure increases, generate
The melt flow density, speed, the temperature that spray all effectively increase.Even if reaction speed is not in the case where being pressed medicine high density filling state
It reduces, while also ensuring the stability of the quality of press fitting medicine charge constitution, moisture resistance is conducive to storage, transport and uses.This
Outside, since the copper oxide specific gravity of same volume is greater than ferroso-ferric oxide, it, can be as far as possible in limited shell space
More loading copper oxide react based material with aluminium powder, to improve the content of copper in product, improve the density of metal melt flow, mention
High melt flow metal burn through ability.As a result, not only can be excessive to avoid powder charge, after ammunition perforation is ignited, melt flow excessively heats molten hole
Interior explosive, the phenomenon that causing ammunition to explode；And can be very few to avoid powder charge, ammunition, which melts hole, not to be beaten, but melt flow adds
Heat body reaches internal explosive burning point, and explosive ignited due to the phenomenon that nowhere releasing stress, explosive inflammation is caused to turn explosion.
Particularly, for the copper oxide as reactive agent, controlling its weight percentage is 16%~25%, be can be improved
The speed of product increases exothermic heat of reaction amount, and effectively improves reaction rate, to improve molten fluid flow rate, enhances melt flow body
Pressure and melt flow kinetic energy improve the mobility of melt flow, and then improve melt flow metal burn through ability, and avoid melt flow in metal watch
Face attachment and crust.Especially when medicament is pressed into closely knit powder column, reaction speed can be effectively improved, improves the molten of Composite incendiary agents
Wear ability.
To sum up, the Composite incendiary agents can guarantee the reaction speed under closely knit powder column form, ensure that the stability of reaction,
Heat generation in unit volume is improved, achievees the purpose that enhance melt flow density, speed, the burn through ability of melt flow improves, perforation
Depth, penetration hole diameter, ignition capability increase.
After the closely knit powder column of Composite incendiary agents is made in the Composite incendiary agents by the present invention, react more stable, controllability is more
Good, burning operating time is controllable, especially suitable for destroying ammunition.Experiment proves that utilizing Composite incendiary agents system of the present invention
At the closely knit grain density of Composite incendiary agents up to 2.30-2.50g/cm3, dose 100g-130g, and burning with this condition
Shi Changwei 4-6 seconds.
The preparation method of Composite incendiary agents provided by the invention, after weighing each component according to compound combustion agent prescription, by institute
State thermite be uniformly mixed, after drying process, with after drying gas-forming agent and assistant medicament be uniformly mixed, finally with the dilution
Agent is uniformly mixed, to guarantee that high fever reaction is stablized, melt flow is generated and pressure is stablized, and avoids reacting too fast, causes reaction unstable
Determine accidental explosion phenomenon, the purpose of fly-cutting, burn through metal may be implemented.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The present invention is not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define as a result, " the
One ", the feature of " second " can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention,
The meaning of " plurality " is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Composite incendiary agents, are institute in terms of 100% by the total weight of the Composite incendiary agents
Composite incendiary agents are stated to be made of the following component of following weight percentage:
Wherein, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by following weight content following raw materials according
Composition:
Di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；
Copper oxide 16%~25%；
Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
Composite incendiary agents provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by the thermite of certain content, diluent, gas-forming agent and adjuvant
Agent composition.It is respectively formulated suitable content, is conducive to the pressure for adjusting the eruption of melt flow body, so that improving it penetrates effect.Specifically,
Composite incendiary agents of the present invention, using di-iron trioxide, copper oxide and the aluminium powder that certain content matches as thermite raw material group
Point, wherein the reaction speed of copper oxide and aluminium powder reaction system is very fast (compared to copper oxide and di-iron trioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide
Reaction, the copper oxide of phase homogenous quantities reacted with aluminium powder generate heat more than ferroso-ferric oxide reacted with aluminium powder generation heat
Amount), so that the production rate of metal melt flow and gas production rate in the unit time are improved, so that reaction system internal pressure increases
Add, density, speed, the temperature that the melt flow of generation sprays all effectively increase.Even if in the case where being pressed medicine high density filling state, reaction
Speed does not reduce, at the same also ensure press fitting medicine charge constitution quality stability, moisture resistance, be conducive to storage, transport and
It uses.Further, since the copper oxide specific gravity of same volume is greater than ferroso-ferric oxide, it therefore, can be in limited shell space
Loading copper oxide as more as possible react based material with aluminium powder, to improve the content of copper in product, improve metal melt flow
Density improves melt flow metal burn through ability.As a result, not only can be excessive to avoid powder charge, after ammunition perforation is ignited, melt flow excessively adds
The phenomenon that heating the explosive in hole, ammunition caused to explode；And can be very few to avoid powder charge, ammunition, which melts hole, not to be beaten, but
Melt flow heated body and reach internal explosive burning point, and explosive ignites due to nowhere releasing stress, and explosive inflammation is caused to turn explosion
Phenomenon.
To sum up, the Composite incendiary agents can guarantee the reaction speed under closely knit powder column form, ensure that the stability of reaction,
Heat generation in unit volume is improved, achievees the purpose that enhance melt flow density, speed, the burn through ability of melt flow improves, perforation
Depth, penetration hole diameter, ignition capability increase.
After the closely knit powder column of Composite incendiary agents is made in the Composite incendiary agents by the embodiment of the present invention, react more stable, it can
Control property is more preferable, and burning operating time is controllable, especially suitable for destroying ammunition.Experiment proves that utilizing compound combustion of the present invention
The closely knit grain density of Composite incendiary agents made of agent is burnt up to 2.30-2.50g/cm3, dose 100g-130g, and with this condition
Burn time duration be 4-6 seconds.To sum up, the Composite incendiary agents can be improved the reaction speed under closely knit powder column form and increase anti-
Thermal discharge is answered, achievees the effect that enhance burn through ability, increase hole dimension and improve medicament utilization rate, realization takes into account destroying ammunition
With the purpose of cutting, burn through metal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, matrix component of the thermite as Composite incendiary agents is that incendiary agent plays high temperature melting
Flow the material base of cutting.Specifically, the thermite generates heat by exothermic reaction, and further anti-under the conditions of high fever
High-temperature metal melt flow should be generated.
The embodiment of the present invention adjusts flow and pressure that melt flow body sprays by configuring the raw material components of certain content, from
And that improves Composite incendiary agents penetrates effect.Specifically, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by
The following raw materials according composition of following weight content:
Di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；
Copper oxide 16%~25%；
Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
Wherein, the di-iron trioxide, the copper oxide are reacted with the aluminium powder respectively, the di-iron trioxide with it is described
Aluminium powder reaction generates molten mass, while generating high-heat environment；The copper oxide is reacted with the aluminium powder, forms gas-liquid melt flow body.
Specifically, exothermic reaction, which occurs, for the di-iron trioxide and the aluminium powder generates molten mass, while can discharge big
Calorimetric amount generates a small amount of gas, provides hot environment；It participates in reacting for the copper oxide, generates high-temperature gas and liquid is blended
Fusant.
Compared to ferroso-ferric oxide, the embodiment of the present invention uses the di-iron trioxide as reactive matrix, can not only
Preferable hot environment is provided, moreover, the slag that di-iron trioxide reaction generates is less, is tried after being conducive to burn through or cutting
The removing of part surface residual debris.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the di-iron trioxide accounts for the thermite raw material gross weight
51%~61%, in a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the di-iron trioxide can be the thermite raw material gross weight
52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, the 60% of amount.
One reactive agent of copper oxide, controlling its weight percentage is 16%~25%, can increase exothermic heat of reaction
Amount, and reaction rate is effectively improved, to improve molten fluid flow rate, enhance melt flow volume density, improves melt flow to the pressure of object
By force, and then medicine can be improved especially when medicament is pressed into closely knit powder column to the burn through ability of steel metal material in raising melt flow
Column combustion stability improves unit volume explosive payload, device volume can be made to reduce, and burn through ability does not subtract, small convenient for making
Type apparatus for destroying, while the Composite incendiary agents being allowed to take into account the cutting to reinforcing bar and steel plate, burn through ability.If the oxygen
The content for changing copper is more than 25%, then due to the too fast uncontrollable adjusting of reaction speed, is easy to cause deflagration accident, copper oxide adds
Enter amount no more than the 25% of thermite ingredient.In a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the copper oxide can be described
16%, 18.25%, 20.5%, 22.75%, the 25% of thermite raw material gross weight.
The weight percentage of the aluminium powder accounts for the 23%~24% of the thermite raw material gross weight, to promote each group
Divide sufficiently reaction, enhance molten fluid pressure and melt flow kinetic energy, improves the mobility of melt flow, and then raising melt flow metal burn through energy
Power.In a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the aluminium powder can for the thermite raw material gross weight 23%,
23.2%, 23.4%, 23.6%, 23.8%, 24%.
The thermite composition of raw materials, it is ensured that the abundant reaction of thermite ultimately forms the melt flow body of stable and uniform.
Within the scope of the thermite material content, di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder hybrid reaction can provide enough metal melt flows,
Gaseous products form the eruption of melt flow body, provide penetrative high-temperature melt flow.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the diluent is to be not involved in chemical reaction, as the disperse system object in Composite incendiary agents
Matter exists as particle, can reduce the quantity of reactant in unit volume, and absorbing reaction heat controls reaction speed speed,
Exist as particle, have and prevent control melt flow to agglomerating together, there is good dispersion trend, enables the melt flow sprayed
Enough to disperse well, fracture is unlikely to cause, viscosity flow encrustation phenomena.Particularly, due to containing in thermite of the embodiment of the present invention
When the copper oxide of higher (20%~25%), the copper oxide is easy to cause powder column W-response excessively violent.At this point, described dilute
The addition for releasing agent, can be absorbed heat of reaction, adjust the severe degree of reaction, under conditions of guaranteeing penetration power, guarantee reaction
Uniform and stable progress.Preferably, the diluent is magnesia or aluminum oxide.The magnesia or aluminum oxide can
Melted with absorbing heat in thermite reaction process, reduce the severe degree of reaction, existed as the particle for being not involved in reaction, have
It prevents control melt flow to agglomerating together, there is good dispersion trend, so that the melt flow sprayed can be good at dispersing, fracture
It is unlikely to cause, viscosity flow encrustation phenomena；In some embodiments, the diluent is magnesia；In further embodiments, institute
Stating diluent is aluminum oxide, and reaction speed speed is consistent with control melt flow condensation effect.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the diluent accounts for the Composite incendiary agents raw material gross weight
5%~7%, in a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the diluent can be the thermite raw material gross weight
5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%.
Contain gas-forming agent in Composite incendiary agents described in the embodiment of the present invention, the gas-forming agent is mainly used for improving gas generation
Amount increases the impact kinetic energy of metal melt flow, improves the mobility of melt flow, in time to improve the spouting velocity of metal melt flow body
The melt flow for being attached to metal surface is blown down, prevents from crusting.Preferably, the gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate, the nitric acid nak response mistake
It is decomposed in journey and generates gas (such as oxygen), main, the gas of generation expands under the high temperature conditions, can increase in burner
Portion's pressure improves the penetration power or impact force of melt flow body；In addition, what the gas such as oxygen generated can be generated with main reaction system
The high-temperature melt flows such as iron, copper metal reaction and heat release.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since in thermite in reaction process, temperature is high, solid-state and gaseous state mixing can be generated
Substance, therefore, the content of the gas-forming agent can with relative reduction, specifically, the weight percentage of the gas-forming agent account for it is described
The 2%~5% of Composite incendiary agents raw material gross weight, so as to pass through reaction speed, under conditions of guaranteeing penetration power,
Guarantee to react uniform and stable progress.In a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the gas-forming agent can be the thermite
2%, 2.75%, 3.5%, 4.25%, the 5% of raw material gross weight.
Contain assistant medicament in Composite incendiary agents described in the embodiment of the present invention, for adjusting the fusing point height of metal melt flow,
Its mobility is kept, raising penetrates effect.Preferably, the assistant medicament is made of calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica,
In, the calcirm-fluoride improves the boiling effect of melt flow, prevents its crust for reducing reaction product fusing point；The nickel powder mentions
The sticking nature of high melt flow and metal surface is affixed on rapidly target and transmits heat, improves the efficiency of thermally conductive fusing metal, reaches molten
The effect worn；The silica can help melt flow to improve mobility, meanwhile, the melt flow for making it crust is easy to crisp section, will not
Cause melt flow packing phenomenon.Further, the weight of the calcirm-fluoride accounts for the 50%~60% of the assistant medicament total weight, institute
The weight for stating nickel powder accounts for the 25%~30% of the assistant medicament total weight, and the weight of the silica accounts for the assistant medicament
The 15%~20% of total weight.In the content range, the calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica, so that the height that reaction generates
Warm metal melt flow is able to maintain mobility, adheres to rapidly and temperature is transmitted to target, have the function that fast and effective burn through.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of the assistant medicament accounts for the Composite incendiary agents raw material gross weight
18%~23%, effect is preferably penetrated to reach.In a particular embodiment, the weight percentage of the assistant medicament can
It is 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, the 23% of the thermite raw material gross weight.
As a particular preferred embodiment, in the Composite incendiary agents, the assistant medicament is by calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and two
Silica composition, and the weight of the calcirm-fluoride accounts for the 50%~60% of the assistant medicament total weight, the weight of the nickel powder
The 25%~30% of the assistant medicament total weight is accounted for, the weight of the silica accounts for the 15% of the assistant medicament total weight
~20%；The diluent is magnesia or aluminum oxide；The gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate.
It is the compound combustion in terms of 100% by the total weight of the Composite incendiary agents as most preferred embodiment of the present invention
Agent is made of the following component of following weight percentage:
Wherein, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by following weight content following raw materials according
Composition: di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；Copper oxide 16%~25%；Aluminium powder 23%~24%；The diluent is magnesia
Or aluminum oxide；The assistant medicament is made of calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica, and the weight of the calcirm-fluoride account for it is described
The 45%~60% of assistant medicament total weight, the weight of the nickel powder account for the 30%~40% of the assistant medicament total weight, institute
The weight for stating silica accounts for the 10%~15% of the assistant medicament total weight；The gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiments, the di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, fluorination
The granularity of calcium is 120~200 mesh；The granularity of the aluminum oxide or magnesia is 120~180 mesh；The titanium dioxide
The granularity of silicon is 150~200 mesh.
Composite incendiary agents provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be prepared by following methods.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation methods of Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps:
It S01. is to provide the following of following weight percentage in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the Composite incendiary agents
Component: thermite 65%~75%；Diluent 5%~7%；Gas-forming agent 2%~5%；Assistant medicament 18%~23%；Wherein,
The thermite is made of di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, the diluent be magnesia or aluminum oxide, it is described to make
Gas agent is potassium nitrate, and the assistant medicament is made of calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica；
S02. the aluminium powder is divided into two parts, two parts of aluminium powders is mixed with the di-iron trioxide, the copper oxide respectively
Processing, obtains two groups of mixed components；Two groups of mixed components are toasted 2~3 hours in the baking oven that temperature is 100 DEG C~120 DEG C
Afterwards, with after drying process gas-forming agent potassium nitrate and assistant medicament calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder, silicon dioxide powder mixed, obtain
One mixed material；
S03. first mixed material is mixed with the diluent, it is small that 2~6 is toasted in 100 DEG C~120 DEG C of baking oven
When, after drying process, obtain the Composite incendiary agents.
The evenly dispersed of each ingredient may be implemented in the preparation method of Composite incendiary agents provided in an embodiment of the present invention, thus
Guarantee high fever reaction effect, form stable and strong penetration power melt flow, realizes the mesh for taking into account destroying ammunition and fusing, burn through metal
's.
Specifically, the formula of the Composite incendiary agents is as described above in above-mentioned steps S01.
Preferably, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by following weight content following original
Material composition:
Di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；
Copper oxide 16%~25%；
Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
Preferably, in the assistant medicament, the weight of the calcirm-fluoride account for the assistant medicament total weight 45%~
60%, the weight of the nickel powder accounts for the 30%~40% of the assistant medicament total weight, and the weight of the silica accounts for described
The 5%~15% of assistant medicament total weight.
Preferably, the di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, calcirm-fluoride granularity be 120~200 mesh；
The granularity of the aluminum oxide or magnesia is 120~180 mesh；The granularity of the silica is 150~200 mesh.
In above-mentioned steps S02, the aluminium powder is divided into two parts, preferably carries out component according to the molar ratio of each reaction system.
By two parts of aluminium powders respectively with the di-iron trioxide, the copper oxide mixed processing, two groups of uniformly mixed mixing are obtained as a result,
Component is conducive to the progress that subsequent thermite respectively reacts.
Since two groups of mixed components, potassium nitrate and calcirm-fluoride are easy dampness, it is advanced before being mixed processing
Property be dried.Preferably, by three groups of mixed components, potassium nitrate and the withering condition of calcirm-fluoride are as follows: be in temperature
It is toasted 2~6 hours in 100 DEG C~120 DEG C of baking oven, effectively removes the moisture in each raw material.
Further, three groups of mixed components, potassium nitrate and the calcirm-fluoride after being dried are mixed, obtains first
Mixed material.
In above-mentioned steps S03, first mixed material is mixed with the diluent, is sealed after being cooled to room temperature temporary
It deposits.
Further, it after the Composite incendiary agents being pressed into powder column using pressing mold, is fitted into burner.
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Composite incendiary agents are made with configuring 100g Composite incendiary agents example of following component:
Wherein, thermite includes the aluminium powder of the di-iron trioxide of 38.5g, the copper oxide of 15g and 16.5g；Diluent is three
Al 2 O 7g；Gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate 2g；Assistant medicament includes 11g calcirm-fluoride, 7g nickel powder and 3g silica.
The preparation method of the Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps:
Taking granularity is di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, the calcirm-fluoride of 150 mesh；Granularity is 150 purposes
Aluminum oxide；Granularity is nickel powder, the silica of 150 mesh, in each component ratio, is weighed respectively stand-by；
Ferric oxide powder is mixed with aluminium powder respectively, cupric oxide powder is mixed with aluminium powder；
It is in 100~120 DEG C of oven in temperature respectively by above-mentioned each mixture and potassium nitrate, calcirm-fluoride, baking 2~
It is dried within 3 hours；
After mixing by the medicament of drying process, aluminum oxide and nickel powder is added, continuess to mix to uniform, obtained master
The main charge is placed in dry vessel after cooled to room temperature by powder charge, is placed in hermetically drying container stand-by；
The main charge is fitted into pressing mold, powder column is pressed into, obtains main charge powder column.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Composite incendiary agents are made with configuring 100g Composite incendiary agents example of following component:
Wherein, thermite includes the aluminium powder of the di-iron trioxide of 42g, the copper oxide of 15.5g and 17.5g；Diluent is oxygen
Change magnesium；Gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate；Assistant medicament includes 10g calcirm-fluoride, 6g nickel powder and 2g silica.
The preparation method of the Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps:
Taking granularity is di-iron trioxide, aluminium powder, copper oxide, potassium nitrate, the calcirm-fluoride of 140 mesh；Granularity is 150 purposes
Magnesia, silica；Granularity is nickel powder, the silica of 200 mesh, in each component ratio, is weighed respectively stand-by；
Remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
The weight of the calcirm-fluoride accounts for the 45%~60% of the assistant medicament total weight, and the weight of the nickel powder accounts for described
The 30%~40% of assistant medicament total weight, the weight of the silica account for the 5%~15% of the assistant medicament total weight.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Composite incendiary agents are made with configuring 100g Composite incendiary agents example of following component:
Wherein, thermite includes: the di-iron trioxide of 40.5g, the copper oxide of 12g and the aluminium powder of 16.5g；Diluent is three
Al 2 O；Gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate；Assistant medicament includes 13g calcirm-fluoride, 7 nickel powders and 3g silica.
The preparation method of the Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps:
Taking granularity is di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, the calcirm-fluoride of 130 mesh；Granularity is 140 purposes
Magnesia；Granularity is nickel powder, the silica of 160 mesh, in each component ratio, is weighed respectively stand-by；
Remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment destroying ammunition main charge, is made of following component:
Wherein, thermite includes the aluminium powder of the di-iron trioxide of 38g, the copper oxide of 17g and 17g；Diluent is magnesia；
Gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate；Assistant medicament includes 11g calcirm-fluoride, 7g nickel powder and 3g silica.
The preparation method of the Composite incendiary agents, comprising the following steps:
Taking granularity is the ferric oxide powder of 135 mesh, nickel oxide powder, aluminium powder, cupric oxide powder, potassium nitrate powder, calcirm-fluoride
Powder；Granularity is the magnesia of 145 mesh；Granularity be 190 mesh nickel powder, silica, in each component ratio, weigh respectively to
With；
Remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The destroying ammunition main charge that this comparative example provides, is made of following component:
Wherein, thermite is made of 40g di-iron trioxide, 14g copper oxide and 17g aluminium powder.Assistant medicament includes 11g fluorination
Calcium, 7g nickel powder and 2g silica.
The preparation method of this comparative example the following steps are included:
Select granularity for the ferric oxide of 140 mesh, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, calcirm-fluoride, granularity is 120 purposes
Aluminum oxide, granularity is nickel powder, the silica of 180 mesh, in each component ratio, is weighed respectively stand-by.
Ferric oxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder are uniformly mixed and obtain thermite；Calcirm-fluoride is uniformly mixed with nickel powder and is made auxiliary
Auxiliary agent.Each medicament is respectively placed in 120 DEG C of baking oven, drying 2 hours after take out, be cooled to room temperature, be placed in container to
With.
Successively by main thermite, aluminum oxide, potassium nitrate and adjuvant after mixing to get main charge is arrived, by it
It is placed in container stand-by.
Comparative example 2
The destroying ammunition main charge that this comparative example provides, is made of following component:
Wherein, thermite is made of 6.5g di-iron trioxide, 14g copper oxide and 17g aluminium powder.Assistant medicament includes 12g fluorine
Change calcium, 8g nickel powder and 3g silica.
The preparation method of this comparative example the following steps are included:
Select granularity for the ferric oxide of 140 mesh, copper oxide, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate powder, calcirm-fluoride, granularity is 130 mesh
Aluminum oxide, granularity be 180~200 mesh nickel powder, silica, press each component ratio, respectively weigh for use.
Ferric oxide powder, copper oxide, aluminium powder are uniformly mixed and obtain thermite；Calcirm-fluoride is uniformly mixed with nickel powder and is made
Adjuvant.Each medicament is respectively placed in 115 DEG C of baking oven, drying is taken out after 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is placed in container
For use.
Successively by main thermite, aluminum oxide, potassium nitrate and adjuvant after mixing to get main charge is arrived, by it
It is placed in container stand-by.
Composite incendiary agents obtained by Examples 1 to 4 and comparative example are carried out in the experiment of burn through metal plate and metal shell
Explosive ignites experiment.Specifically, Composite incendiary agents obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and comparative example are respectively charged into pressing mold,
Outer diameter 30mm, internal diameter 5mm, long 105mm, degree of packing 2.5g/cm is made in compression moulding3Powder column.Each powder column is filled respectively
Enter in X-type melt flow generator, burn through ability comparative experiments is carried out to the steel plate of 5mm thickness, experimental result is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
Note: the burning time in table refers to that powder column lights rear jet flow and starts the time terminated to jet flow, and the burn through time refers to
It lights from powder column to the time used in experiment steel plate burn through, burn through diameter is that the perforation that is formed after melt flow on experiment steel plate is straight
Diameter；Average slag thickness refers to the average thickness of slag on molten hole surrounding steel plate.
Explosive, which ignites to test, in metal shell made of steel plate to 5mm thickness carries out burn through ignition capability comparative experiments, real
It is as shown in table 2 below to test result.
Table 2
Note: the power of igniting in table refers to that the melt flow sprayed after powder column is lighted penetrates 5mm thick steel plate and the interior blasting charge that ignites
Ability.It fires result and refers to and refer to that the melt flow that sprays penetrates 5mm thick steel plate and explosive inflammation after the interior blasting charge that ignites after powder column is lighted
Feature, according to the sequence to grow from weak to strong, successively with stablizing, burning, vigorous combustion, detonation, explode describes burning degree.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Composite incendiary agents, which is characterized in that by the total weight of the Composite incendiary agents be 100% in terms of, the compound combustion
Agent is burnt to be made of the following component of following weight percentage:
Wherein, by the total weight of the thermite be 100% in terms of, the thermite by following weight content following raw materials according group
At: di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；Copper oxide 16%~25%；Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
2. Composite incendiary agents as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the diluent is magnesia or aluminum oxide.
3. Composite incendiary agents as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the assistant medicament is by calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and dioxy
SiClx composition, and the weight of the calcirm-fluoride accounts for the 45%~60% of the assistant medicament total weight, the weight of the nickel powder accounts for
The 30%~40% of the assistant medicament total weight, the weight of the silica account for the assistant medicament total weight 10%~
15%.
4. Composite incendiary agents as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate.
5. Composite incendiary agents according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the diluent is magnesia or three oxygen
Change two aluminium；
The assistant medicament is made of calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder and silica, and the weight of the calcirm-fluoride accounts for the assistant medicament
The 45%~60% of total weight, the weight of the nickel powder account for the 30%~40% of the assistant medicament total weight, the titanium dioxide
The weight of silicon accounts for the 10%~15% of the assistant medicament total weight；
The gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate.
6. Composite incendiary agents as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the di-iron trioxide, the nickel powder, the aluminium
Powder, the copper oxide, the potassium nitrate, the calcirm-fluoride granularity be 120~200 mesh；The aluminum oxide or oxidation
The granularity of magnesium is 120~180 mesh；The granularity of the silica is 150~200 mesh.
7. a kind of preparation method of Composite incendiary agents, which comprises the following steps:
It is to provide the following component of following weight percentage: high fever in terms of 100% by the raw material gross weight of the Composite incendiary agents
Agent 65%~75%；Diluent 5%~7%；Gas-forming agent 2%~5%；Assistant medicament 18%~23%；Wherein, the thermite
It is made of di-iron trioxide, copper oxide, aluminium powder, the diluent is magnesia or aluminum oxide, and the assistant medicament is by fluorine
Change calcium, nickel powder and silica composition, the gas-forming agent is potassium nitrate；
The aluminium powder is divided into two parts, by two parts of aluminium powders respectively with the di-iron trioxide, the copper oxide mixed processing, is obtained
Two groups of mixed components；After two groups of mixed components are toasted 2~3 hours in the baking oven that temperature is 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, with drying
Treated gas-forming agent potassium nitrate and assistant medicament calcirm-fluoride, nickel powder, silicon dioxide powder are mixed, and the first mixture is obtained
Material；
First mixed material is mixed with the diluent, is toasted 2~6 hours in 100 DEG C~120 DEG C of baking oven, it is dry
After processing, the Composite incendiary agents are obtained.
8. the preparation method of Composite incendiary agents as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the total weight with the thermite is
100% meter, the thermite are made of the following raw materials according of following weight content:
Di-iron trioxide 51%~61%；
Copper oxide 16%~25%；
Aluminium powder 23%~24%.
9. the preparation method of Composite incendiary agents as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that described in the assistant medicament
The weight of calcirm-fluoride accounts for the 45%~60% of the assistant medicament total weight, and the weight of the nickel powder accounts for the assistant medicament gross weight
The 30%~40% of amount, the weight of the silica accounts for the 10%~15% of the assistant medicament total weight.
10. the preparation method of Composite incendiary agents as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the di-iron trioxide, oxygen
Change copper, aluminium powder, potassium nitrate, calcirm-fluoride granularity be 120~200 mesh；The granularity of the aluminum oxide or magnesia is
120~180 mesh；The granularity of the silica is 150~200 mesh.
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Application publication date: 20190920 |