CN110256055A - 高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品 - Google Patents
高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高强保温型耐火材料,以质量百分比含量计,所述的耐火材料包括以下组分:烧结莫来石骨料:50%~70%,焦宝石:15%~25%;氧化铝微粉:8%~10%;纯铝酸钙水泥:4%~6%;硅微粉:2%~3%;微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。本发明还提供了相应的耐火制品。采用本发明的高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品,通过耐火材料主原料的优选及配方的设计,减低浇注体的体积密度;通过新型减水剂的添加,优化了产品的施工性能及综合性能,增加了耐材的高温强度;解决了VD炉盖在使用过程中炉壳发红导致提前下线的问题,消除了炉盖因吊耳受热拉伸而使炉盖掉入炉中的安全隐患。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火技术领域,具体是指一种高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品。
背景技术
VD炉内盖是用在VD精炼炉上的盖子,主要作用是防止在精炼过程中钢水飞溅,所以其主要经受炉盖本身自重以及热辐射的冲击。从使用上看,其下线的主要原因为炉盖受热,导致外壳发红而使吊耳异常拉伸。
以前在制定其耐材指标时,重点考虑了热辐射的冲击,选择了刚玉碳化硅质体系。其指标如表1:
表1:VD炉内盖指标
在初定配方时,碳化硅的含量定在8%~10%,其目的在于使浇注好的材料具有良好的耐磨性能,从而可以抵抗使用中产生的热气冲击,延长使用寿命。
但,从使用来看,下线后的VD残厚尚在安全范围内,但一年之内却有3个炉盖因为吊耳受热拉伸而脱落,造成了十分严重的后果。
经过发明人反复的分析,认为上述原配方中材料过于致密,特别是因为碳化硅的加入,导致材料的导热性能变快,更快的将内部的温度传到钢壳及吊耳,从而使吊耳受热拉伸,导致炉盖脱落。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的缺失,提供一种提高保温性、降低导热性能、提高热震性的高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品。
为了实现上述目的,本发明一方面提供了一种高强保温型耐火材料,以质量百分比含量计,所述的耐火材料包括以下组分:
烧结莫来石骨料:50%~70%
焦宝石:15%~25%
氧化铝微粉:8%~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4%~6%
硅微粉:2%~3%
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
较佳地,所述的烧结莫来石骨料为M70烧结莫来石骨料。
较佳地,所述的烧结莫来石骨料中Al2O3含量为73%~76%;所述的烧结莫来石骨料中SiO2含量为20%~25%。
较佳地,所述的焦宝石为特级焦宝石。
较佳地,所述的耐火材料包括减水剂:0.15%~0.3%。
较佳地,所述的焦宝石中Al2O3含量为42%~44%;所述的焦宝石中Fe2O3含量为≤1.2%。
较佳地,所述的硅微粉中SiO2≥92%;优选地,所述的纯铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3含量为≥70%。
较佳地于,骨料中有40%~50%的颗粒粒度为5mm~3mm。
较佳地,所述的耐火材料包括以下组分:
烧结莫来石骨料:50%~68%
焦宝石:15%~20%
氧化铝微粉:8%~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4%~6%
硅微粉:2%~3%
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
本发明还提供了一种耐火制品,所述的耐火制品采用所述的耐火材料制成。
较佳地,所述的耐火制品为炉内盖;
优选地,所述的耐火制品由所述的耐火材料浇注而成。
采用本发明的高强保温型耐火材料及相应的耐火制品,通过耐火材料主原料的优选及配方的设计,减低浇注体的体积密度;通过新型减水剂的添加,优化了产品的施工性能及综合性能,增加了耐材的高温强度;解决了VD炉盖在使用过程中炉壳发红导致提前下线的问题,消除了炉盖因吊耳受热拉伸而使炉盖掉入炉中的安全隐患。
具体实施方式
为更好的理解本发明的内容,下面结合具体实施例作进一步说明。本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
本发明的高强保温型耐火材料从提高材料的保温性、降低其导热性能、提高其热震性等方面进行考虑,特别适合于VD炉内盖。
本发明的高强保温型耐火材料的耐材主原料,使用热震性能好的70烧结莫来石和特级焦宝石,这种耐材原料本身抗热震性能优异,密度相对低,开口气孔少,封闭气孔小、多且分布均匀,这有利于浇注体的抗热震性和提高保温性能。
其中,70烧结莫来石中,SiO2:20~25%,Al2O3:73~76%,具有纯度高、组织结构好、蠕变率低、热膨胀小、抗热震性好、化学侵蚀性好的特点,而且密度较刚玉要低的多。优选70烧结莫来石的产地为湖南辰溪,Al2O3:73~76%。
特级焦宝石中,Fe2O3:≤1.2%,Al2O3:42~44%,具有相对较低的体积密度和良好的抗热震性能。优选特级焦宝石的产地为山东淄博,Al2O3:42~44%。
本发明的高强保温型耐火材料中,使用高温性能优良的氧化铝粉作为基质料。
本发明的高强保温型耐火材料中,优选硅微粉的产地为云南保山,SiO2≥92%。
本发明的高强保温型耐火材料中,纯铝酸钙水泥产地为天津,Al2O3≥70%,牌号SK-70。
本发明提供了一种高强保温型耐火材料的实施例,其中以质量百分数计的各组分含量如下:
70烧结莫来石骨料:50~70%
特级焦宝石:15~25%
氧化铝微粉:8~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4~6%
硅微粉:2~3%,
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
其中,尽可能降低纯铝酸钙水泥的用量至4~6%。
优选地,其中以质量百分数计的各组分含量如下:
70烧结莫来石骨料:50~68%
特级焦宝石:15~20%
氧化铝微粉:8~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4~6%
硅微粉:2~3%
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
考虑到本发明提供的耐火材料在浇注成耐火制品时整个浇注体的保温性能,配方中不需要各级颗粒形成最紧密堆积,而是希望各级颗粒之间存在小而多的微孔,这样有利于耐材整体的保温性。为了避免颗粒间形成最紧密堆积,本发明提供的耐火材料中颗粒尽量采用同一粒度,即大部分颗粒为5~3mm。
本发明提供的耐火材料在浇注成耐火制品时,添加了微成孔剂,该成孔剂形成的气泡平均尺寸为10-30μm,并均为闭孔气泡,气泡壁薄,从而降低浇注体的体积密度,有利于其保温性能,但对于浇注体的强度却影响很小。其中,微成孔剂可以选择使用锯末稻壳、十二烷基磺酸钠、NG-10等。
本发明提供了高强度保温型VD炉内盖的制作方法,通过耐火材料主原料的优选及配方的设计,从而减低浇注体的体积密度;通过新型减水剂的添加,优化了产品的施工性能及综合性能,增加了耐材的高温强度,其中,减水剂可以选择使用FS20、M10、X193、SP70等;解决了VD炉盖在使用过程中炉壳发红导致提前下线的问题,消除了炉盖因吊耳受热拉伸而使炉盖掉入炉中的安全隐患。
本发明提供的耐火材料的配比提高了配料中的Al2O3和SiO2的含量,降低了CaO的量,使配料中的Al2O3-SiO2-CaO三元低熔物相大幅降低,从而提高了高温性能。加之原料本身的密度低、抗热震性能好,从而提高了浇注体的保温性和抗热震性。
下面通过具体实施例说明本发明提供的耐火材料的性能,其中以下实施例中耐火材料制成VD炉内盖。
1、配方
实施例1~3配方各组分及含量如下表2
表2高强保温型VD炉内盖配比
2、制样
所述的制样方法的具体步骤如下:
1)配料:按上述表2的比例配料,并在搅拌锅中混合均匀。
2)制样:加4.5wt%的水,在搅拌锅中搅拌约2~3分钟后,振动浇注制成160×40×40mm的试样,自然养护1天后脱模。
3)检测:试样分别经110℃×24h、1450℃×3h等温度烘干或烧成处理的后,检测各温度下的性能。
3、检测
对实施例1~3制品分别进行110℃×24h抗折强度、耐压强度、体积密度检测、1450℃×3h耐压强度、线变化率检测、1000℃×1h导热系数检测、耐火度检测,结果如表3所示:
表3实施例1~3的高强保温型VD炉内盖性能
本发明制作的高强保温型VD炉内盖使用效果良好,满足客户使用需要。
在此说明书中,本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是,很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此,说明书应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。
Claims (10)
1.一种高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,以质量百分比含量计,所述的耐火材料包括以下组分:
烧结莫来石骨料:50%~70%
焦宝石:15%~25%
氧化铝微粉:8%~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4%~6%
硅微粉:2%~3%
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的烧结莫来石骨料为M70烧结莫来石骨料;所述的焦宝石为特级焦宝石。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的烧结莫来石骨料中Al2O3含量为73%~76%;所述的烧结莫来石骨料中SiO2含量为20%~25%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的耐火材料包括减水剂:0.15%~0.3%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的焦宝石中Al2O3含量为42%~44%;所述的焦宝石中Fe2O3含量为≤1.2%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的硅微粉中SiO2≥92%;优选地,所述的纯铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3含量为≥70%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,骨料中有40~50%的颗粒粒度为5mm~3mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高强保温型耐火材料,其特征在于,所述的耐火材料包括以下组分:
烧结莫来石骨料:50%~68%
焦宝石:15%~20%
氧化铝微粉:8%~10%
纯铝酸钙水泥:4%~6%
硅微粉:2%~3%
微成孔剂:0.03%~0.05%。
9.一种高强保温型耐火制品,其特征在于,所述的耐火制品采用权利要求1至8中任一项所述的耐火材料制成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的高强保温型耐火制品,其特征在于,所述的耐火制品为炉内盖;
优选地,所述的耐火制品由所述的耐火材料浇注而成。
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