CN110255993B - Impervious cement mortar and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Impervious cement mortar and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110255993B CN110255993B CN201910607105.6A CN201910607105A CN110255993B CN 110255993 B CN110255993 B CN 110255993B CN 201910607105 A CN201910607105 A CN 201910607105A CN 110255993 B CN110255993 B CN 110255993B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/44—Thickening, gelling or viscosity increasing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides anti-permeability cement mortar and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials, wherein the raw materials of the anti-permeability cement mortar comprise, by weight, 100 portions of cement, 150 portions of sand, 300 portions of modified terylene textile waste, 4 portions to 16 portions of thickening agent and 180 portions of water, and the cement mortar is finally prepared through modification of terylene textile waste, preparation of thickening agent and mixing of cement mortar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to impervious cement mortar and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of the construction industry, people pursue the quality of engineering increasingly, and cement mortar is taken as one of construction materials, is usually a mixture of cement, fine aggregate, water and sand, and is usually plastered indoors and outdoors or taken as a bonding agent for building foundations and walls. Most of the existing cement mortar has poor performances such as impermeability and tear resistance, and further various problems such as cracking, hollowing and falling of a building wall are caused, and the quality of the whole building is influenced. In order to improve the performance of cement mortar, various materials are usually added into cement mortar for compounding.
Chinese patent discloses CN201810813068.X impervious cement mortar, which consists of cement, sand, water, recycled aggregate or reinforced recycled aggregate and a water reducing agent, wherein a nano material and a polymer are well compounded to obtain nano composite polymer slurry, the recycled aggregate is reinforced by the nano composite polymer slurry, the nano composite polymer slurry is effectively combined with the cement to enhance the interface coagulation property, and the surface of the recycled aggregate is reinforced to obtain the impervious cement mortar with excellent comprehensive properties. However, the preparation process and raw materials of the recycled aggregate or the reinforced recycled aggregate in the cement mortar raw material are complex and time-consuming, so that large-scale production in actual construction engineering is not facilitated, and meanwhile, the preparation process comprises multi-step water washing, so that a large amount of water resources are consumed to generate wastewater, the energy consumption is high, and the requirement of environmental protection cannot be met.
Chinese patent CN201711494827.2 discloses a composite environment-friendly cement mortar and a preparation method thereof, which mainly comprises the following raw materials: 85-100 parts of aerated concrete particles, 20-35 parts of styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion, 20-30 parts of waste straw, 15-30 parts of nano ceramic, 10-20 parts of polyester textile waste, 10-15 parts of modified polymer rubber powder, 20-35 parts of early strength agent, 10-20 parts of perlite powder, 10-15 parts of sodium thiosulfate, 15-20 parts of raw material cement, 15-20 parts of defoaming agent, 5-10 parts of anti-permeability agent and 6-12 parts of water. The addition of the materials can improve the binding power of the aerated concrete granular mortar, and has excellent impermeability, crack resistance, impact resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and other properties. The application is convenient and fast, and the performance is reliable; has the advantages of reasonable cost, simple and convenient construction, obviously improved sound insulation effect and the like. However, the aerated concrete has the defects of low density, large water absorption capacity and poor impact resistance, the defects of the aerated concrete are avoided by adding and compounding additional materials, the types of various materials are more, the mixing amount is larger, and the burden and the complexity of the preparation process are increased to a certain extent.
Aiming at the problems of complex raw material types, complex preparation process, long preparation time, high energy consumption and the like of cement mortar, an anti-permeability cement mortar and a preparation process thereof are needed to be found, so that the cement mortar has good anti-permeability performance, is simple, efficient and low in energy consumption, meets the requirements of green environmental protection technology and can achieve the purpose of resource utilization of waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides anti-permeability cement mortar and a preparation process thereof, the cement mortar has good anti-permeability effect, simple preparation process, high efficiency and low energy consumption, meets the requirements of green environmental protection technology, and achieves the purpose of resource utilization of waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 150-300 parts of sand, 45-78 parts of modified terylene textile waste, 4-16 parts of thickening agent and 120-180 parts of water.
Preferably, the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180 parts of cement in 120-180 parts, 250 parts of sand in 180-180 parts, 50-75 parts of modified terylene textile waste, 5-15 parts of thickening agent and 160 parts of water in 130-130 parts.
Further preferably, the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of cement, 200 parts of sand, 60 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 10 parts of thickening agent and 150 parts of water.
Further, the thickener includes: the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shell is 3:10-25: 8-18; preferably, the weight ratio of the three is 3:18: 16.
The invention also provides a preparation process of the impervious cement mortar, which comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste with the formula dosage, adding the crushed crab shells, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing and drying to obtain modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring to obtain a thickening agent;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (4) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cement mortar.
Further, the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells in the step S1 is 8-15: 1; preferably, the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells in the step S1 is 10: 1.
Further, in step S1, the heating is performed for melting at a temperature of 250 ℃ and 270 ℃ for 40-60 min.
Further, in the step S1, the freezing temperature is-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, the freezing time is 1-2 hours, and the adding amount of the ethanol is less than the polyester textile waste powder.
Further, in the step S2, the ball milling and the stirring are carried out, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the time is 20-30 min.
Further, in step S3, the stirring time is 3-6min, and the stirring speed is 200-300 r/min.
The technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the hydrophobicity of the cement mortar is improved through modification and use of the polyester textile waste, so that the anti-permeability performance of the cement mortar is improved;
2. the process for preparing the cement mortar uses the modified polyester textile waste, is more environment-friendly and achieves the aim of recycling the waste;
3. the preparation process disclosed by the invention is simple and efficient, low in energy consumption, short in time consumption, simple and easily available in preparation materials, and meets the requirements of green and environment-friendly technologies.
Detailed Description
It is worth to be noted that the polyester textile waste in the invention is derived from polyester textile waste of fuzhou aviation textile ltd, and other raw materials and equipment are common commercial products, so the source of the raw materials and the equipment is not particularly limited, wherein the sodium polyacrylate is solid powdery sodium polyacrylate.
Example 1
The impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 150 parts of sand, 45 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 4 parts of thickening agent and 120 parts of water. Wherein the thickener comprises: sodium polyacrylate, fly ash and crab shell.
The preparation process of the impervious cement mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste according to the formula amount at 250 ℃ for 40min, adding the crushed crab shells, wherein the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 8:1, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying, wherein the adding amount of the ethyl alcohol does not exceed the mixture powder of the terylene textile waste and the crab shells, the freezing temperature is-10 ℃, and the freezing time is 1h, thus obtaining the modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for 20min to obtain a thickening agent, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shells is 3:10: 8;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (3) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and then uniformly stirring for 3min at the stirring speed of 200r/min to obtain the cement mortar.
Example 2
The impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of cement, 300 parts of sand, 78 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 16 parts of thickening agent and 180 parts of water. Wherein the thickener comprises: sodium polyacrylate, fly ash and crab shell.
The preparation process of the impervious cement mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste according to the formula amount at 270 ℃ for 60min, adding crushed crab shells, wherein the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 15:1, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying, wherein the adding amount of the ethyl alcohol does not exceed the mixture powder of the terylene textile waste and the crab shells, the freezing temperature is-5 ℃, and the freezing time is 2h, thus obtaining the modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for 22min to obtain a thickening agent, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shells is 3:25: 18;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (3) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and then uniformly stirring for 4min at a stirring speed of 220r/min to obtain the cement mortar.
Example 3
The impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of cement, 200 parts of sand, 60 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 10 parts of thickening agent and 150 parts of water. Wherein the thickener comprises: sodium polyacrylate, fly ash and crab shell.
The preparation process of the impervious cement mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste according to the formula amount at 260 ℃ for 50min, adding the crushed crab shells, wherein the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 10:1, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying, wherein the adding amount of the ethyl alcohol does not exceed the mixture powder of the terylene textile waste and the crab shells, the freezing temperature is-8 ℃, and the freezing time is 1.5h, thus obtaining the modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for 25min to obtain a thickening agent, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shells is 3:18: 16;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (3) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and then uniformly stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 250r/min to obtain the cement mortar.
Example 4
The impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of cement, 180 parts of sand, 50 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 5 parts of thickening agent and 130 parts of water. Wherein the thickener comprises: sodium polyacrylate, fly ash and crab shell.
The preparation process of the impervious cement mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste according to the formula amount at 255 ℃ for 45min, adding the crushed crab shells, wherein the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 9:1, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying, wherein the adding amount of the ethyl alcohol does not exceed the mixture powder of the terylene textile waste and the crab shells, the freezing temperature is-9 ℃, and the freezing time is 1.2h, thus obtaining the modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for 22min to obtain a thickening agent, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shells is 3:12: 10;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (3) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and then uniformly stirring for 4min at a stirring speed of 220r/min to obtain the cement mortar.
Example 5
The impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180 parts of cement, 250 parts of sand, 75 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 15 parts of thickening agent and 160 parts of water. Wherein the thickener comprises: sodium polyacrylate, fly ash and crab shell.
The preparation process of the impervious cement mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the terylene textile waste according to the formula amount at 265 ℃ for 55min, adding the crushed crab shells, wherein the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 12:1, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying, wherein the adding amount of the ethyl alcohol does not exceed the mixture powder of the terylene textile waste and the crab shells, the freezing temperature is-6 ℃, and the freezing time is 1.8h, thus obtaining the modified terylene textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min for 28min to obtain a thickening agent, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shells is 3:22: 17;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (3) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and then uniformly stirring the mixture for 5.5min at a stirring speed of 280r/min to obtain the cement mortar.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 3 is that the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of cement, 310 parts of sand, 42 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 18 parts of thickening agent and 115 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 3 is that the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 210 parts of cement, 140 parts of sand, 80 parts of modified polyester textile waste, 3 parts of thickening agent and 185 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is only that the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate, the fly ash and the crab shell is 3:8: 6.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is only that the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate, the fly ash and the crab shell is 3:28: 20.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 3 is only that the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shell in step S1 is 6: 1.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 3 is only that the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shell in step S1 is 16: 1.
Comparative example 7
The only difference from example 3 is that step S1 does not include a step of immersing in absolute ethanol and performing freeze-drying.
Impermeability test of cement mortar
According to the basic performance test method Standard of building mortar JGJ/T70-2009, the anti-seepage pressure of the cement mortar obtained in comparative examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-7 was measured using a digital display mortar anti-seepage apparatus (SS-15, Huarui scientific and technological instruments Co., Suzhou), and the anti-seepage performance of the cement mortar in each example was compared to obtain Table 1.
TABLE 1 impermeability test
| Examples of the invention | Anti-seepage pressure (MPa) |
| Example 1 | 1.28 |
| Example 2 | 1.29 |
| Example 3 | 1.46 |
| Example 4 | 1.32 |
| Example 5 | 1.30 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.02 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.00 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.89 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.87 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1.05 |
| Comparative example 6 | 1.03 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.92 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the cement mortars of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have a permeation resistance pressure within the range of 1.28 to 1.46MPa, wherein the cement mortar of example 3 has an optimal permeation resistance pressure of 1.46MPa, indicating that the cement mortars prepared by the present invention have good permeation resistance. The anti-seepage pressure of the cement mortar in the comparative examples 1 to 7 is less than that in the examples 1 to 5, which shows that the content of each raw material of the cement mortar, the composition and content of the thickening agent, the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shell and the preparation process can all influence the anti-seepage performance of the cement mortar.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An impervious cement mortar is characterized in that: the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 150-300 parts of sand, 45-78 parts of modified terylene textile waste, 4-16 parts of thickening agent and 120-180 parts of water;
the thickener comprises: the weight ratio of the sodium polyacrylate to the fly ash to the crab shell is 3:10-25: 8-18;
the preparation method of the modified polyester textile waste comprises the following steps: heating and melting the polyester textile waste, adding the crushed crab shells, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying to obtain the modified polyester textile waste.
2. The impervious cement mortar of claim 1, wherein: the impervious cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180 parts of cement in 120-180 parts, 250 parts of sand in 180-180 parts, 50-75 parts of modified terylene textile waste, 5-15 parts of thickening agent and 160 parts of water in 130-130 parts.
3. The process for the preparation of impervious cement mortar according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, modification of polyester textile waste: heating and melting the polyester textile waste, adding the crushed crab shells, cooling, grinding into powder, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, freezing, and drying to obtain modified polyester textile waste;
s2, preparation of a thickening agent: crushing crab shells, adding sodium polyacrylate and fly ash, ball-milling and stirring to obtain a thickening agent;
s3, cement mortar mixing: and (4) mixing the cement, the sand, the thickening agent in the step S2, the modified polyester textile waste in the step S1 and water according to the formula dosage, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cement mortar.
4. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S1, the weight ratio of the terylene textile waste to the crab shells is 8-15: 1.
5. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that: and step S1, heating and melting, wherein the heating temperature is 250-270 ℃, and the heating time is 40-60 min.
6. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that: and step S1, wherein the freezing temperature is-10 ℃ to-5 ℃, and the freezing time is 1-2 h.
7. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step S3, the stirring time is 3-6min, and the stirring speed is 200-300 r/min.
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| CN102241492A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-11-16 | 太原理工大学 | Waste textile fiber heat-insulating bearing concrete |
| CN103803871A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-05-21 | 安徽省美域节能环保技术应用有限公司 | High-strength composite cement mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN105130304B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽芜湖飞琪水泥制品有限公司 | Impervious cement column and preparation method thereof |
| CN106699071A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-24 | 江世妹 | Anti-crack anti-freezing cement mortar |
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