CN110253879A - A kind of the 3D printing device and its working method of flexible electronic product - Google Patents
A kind of the 3D printing device and its working method of flexible electronic product Download PDFInfo
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- CN110253879A CN110253879A CN201910183139.7A CN201910183139A CN110253879A CN 110253879 A CN110253879 A CN 110253879A CN 201910183139 A CN201910183139 A CN 201910183139A CN 110253879 A CN110253879 A CN 110253879A
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- liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/314—Preparation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The present invention a kind of the 3D printing device and its working method of flexible electronic product, it is characterized in that: existing flexible electronic product is breached in the limitation of formed precision, service life, production efficiency and cost etc., can be realized integration, the flexible electronic product customized printing；Can be achieved more materials printing and x to, y to z to relative motion；Flexible electronic product can be made to be able to maintain sufficiently high service life under the operating conditions such as stretching, bending, realize that matrix mixing prints the flexible transition of liquid component without the removing of conducting wire and matrix, while by the indoor Brownian movement of mixing；Printing good to printing material compatibility, suitable for high viscosity liquid；Liquid, nano material integration printing may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increasing material manufacturings and 3D printing technique field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing dress of flexible electronic product
It sets and its working method.
Background technique
With the development that flexible electronic is manufactured and applied, drive wearable electronic product in robot field and biology doctor
The tremendous development in field.The method of currently manufactured flexible electronic product mainly has the following two kinds.A kind of method is to pass through shifting formwork
The method preparation of coining has a high-performance electronic material of offbeat form, such as scalable cell array, solar battery and multiple
With sensing electrode array etc..Another method is then complete printing soft material and component, utilizes conducing composite material, liquid gold
Belong to the electronic product of the scalable pattern of the creation such as material.
Current several common Method of printings are due to its PLC technology, scalability is strong and the advantages such as at low cost, drawn
Enter the manufacture of flexible electronic product.For example, ink-jet printing technology be used to manufacture high-performance flexible transistor.Recently, 3D printing
Since it is by the flexibility of deposition modeling manufacture conductor and basis material, by the manufacture institute extensive concern of flexible electronic product,
It has been used for manufacturing small size antenna, the manufacture of flexible sensor and light emitting diode with quantum dots etc..However, these methods by
In needing hand assembled step, and flexible electronic product due to its service life it is limited, still in preliminary pilot stage.Cause
This, sufficiently develops 3D printing equipment, can quickly, flexibly print high-precision, high performance flexible electronic product and can wear
Wearing electronic equipment has been in natural trend.
3D printing equipment should have following ability: from flexible material seamless transitions to stiff materials, by different conductivity, no
Ink printed with resistance goes out circuit, and can accurately switch between various ink printed materials, and all these executing
It is uninterrupted when task, this ability that different materials and property are integrated in printed product, the more materials of printing needs of the product,
Multiple dimensioned 3D printing.In addition, the material of function-driven, structure, functional component integrated design and manufacture, 3D printing control shape, control
The realization of property technology is also required to the strong support of more materials, multiple dimensioned increases material manufacturing technology and equipment.
Electrohydrodynamic jet printing (Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing, E-jet printing) is also
Referred to as EFI prints, and is micro- liquid that the one kind for being proposed and being developed by Park and Rogers etc. in recent years is based on electrohydrodynamics (EHD)
Drop injection forming deposition technique.Use " pushing away " mode different from conventional ink-jet printing technique (thermal jet print, piezoelectricity spray printing etc.), electric current
The printing of body power injection uses electric field driven to generate superfine jet stream from liquid cone (taylor cone) top in a manner of " drawing ".It is substantially former
Reason is to apply high-voltage pulse power source between conductive nozzle (first electrode) and electrically-conductive backing plate (second electrode), using in nozzle and
Fluid is pulled out to form taylor cone by the forceful electric power field force formed between substrate from jet hole, due to nozzle potential with higher, spray
Fluid at mouth will receive the effect of electroluminescent shearing stress, when local charge repulsion be more than surface tension of liquid after, charged fluid from
Sprayed at nozzle, formed superfine jet stream (due to being the jet stream launched from tip, jet diameter is much smaller than nozzle diameter, because
This forms microlayer model size and is far smaller than jet size, the 1-2 order of magnitude usually smaller than jet size), fine liquid drop spray deposition
Solidified on printing bed, and through heat/light etc., successively superposition manufacture realizes droning manufacture of complex three-dimensional structure.
The resolution ratio of electrohydrodynamic jet printing is not limited by jet size, can be realized sub- under the premise of nozzle is not easy to plug
The manufacture of micron, nanoscale resolution micro-nano structure, and it is extensive for the material category of printing, and can be realized high viscous
The printing of material is spent, the type of printed material has very big expansion.The technology flexible electronic, biologic medical, organizational project,
Photoelectron, micronano optical, composite material, high definition such as show at the numerous areas, it is shown that preferable industrial applications prospect.
We have invented a kind of new method, referred to as mixing 3D printing is used for production flexibility electronic product.This method knot
EFI printing ink direct write and automatic Picking, the automated manufacturing platform for placing electronic component are closed.It is printed by electric Printing techniques
Flexible variation rigidity basis material is picked up required component, is placed on substrate, then discharged vacuum using vacuum suction nozzle, by it
Be stored in reasonable position, finally, printing conducting wire creation electrical components between interconnection circuit.
Current existing 3D printing technique is single file printing mostly, even if existing some more material 3D printing techniques
More spray head technologies are mainly based upon, however there are many insufficient and limitations based on more showerhead approach: (1) cannot achieve more materials
Actively mix；(2) it cannot achieve the accurate control of more material each components；(3) cannot achieve more storerooms it is seamless excessively (such as
From flexible material seamless transitions to stiff materials)；(4) dispenser nozzles limited amount can print material category limited amount；(5)
More nozzle structures and complicated for operation, equipment cost height；(6) frequent switching is needed between spray head, printing effect is low；(7) high viscosity
Fluent material printing is difficult, limited for printed material type；(8) be difficult to realize it is macro, micro-, receive across/multiple dimensioned be integrated；
(9) 3D printing control sexuality is very weak.In addition, more material forming spray heads are generally mounted in parallel using multiple spray heads in same height
Degree, each spray head can handle a kind of material, only one general spray head is working in print procedure, and sustained height, which is in, awaits orders
Other spray heads of shape may have the interference to building texture forming face.Therefore, existing 3D printing technique is difficult to realize more
Material, Multi-scale model are integrated.
Therefore, in order to overcome existing 3D printing and increasing material manufacturing in more materials, the structure-integrated system of macro/micro-/nano multi-scale
The existing insufficient and defect for making aspect realizes " structure, material, performance design and the seamless collection of manufacture integration of function-driven
At ", by design elements such as material, micro-structure, macrostructures in conjunction with functional requirement target, realization complex organization's structure control shape,
The manufacture of control property (improves and optimizates the performance of product especially by more materials, micro-structure arrangement, increase new function), meets green wood
Expect research and development and the scale metaplasias such as exploitation, biologic medical, electronic product, organizational project, MEMS, wearable electronic, 4D printing
The actual demand of production.There is an urgent need to develop new more materials, multiple dimensioned 3D printing technique and equipments.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency and limitation present in existing flexible electronic product preparation process, polymerization especially also cannot achieve
Object substrate material and plain conductor material integrated print, and there are flexible electronic product stretch, metal is led in bending process
Line is prone to remove, to fail.The present invention provides a kind of active-passive composite mixing 3D printing device and its work side
Method breaches the limitation of existing flexible electronic product formed precision, service life, production efficiency and cost etc., can be realized one
Body, customization flexible electronic product printing.
Concrete implementation method of the present invention: (1) a kind of more Material cladding 3D printers based on electric Printing techniques, including bottom
, it is equipped with workbench, rack, heating plate on the pedestal, support is equipped on the workbench by the printing bed of printing objects, institute
It states and is fixed with first spray head, second spray head and manipulator in rack, the first spray head, second spray head and manipulator, which are respectively positioned on, to be beaten
Above ink pad, it is separately formed the matrix, conducting wire and placement electronic device of flexible electronic product, so that flexible electronic product realizes one
Bodyization printing.(2) first spray head is set as active-passive composite mixing printing head, and the spray head is by feed space, mixing chamber, nozzle
Three parts composition.Feed space is provided with 2 or more feed inlets, is connected respectively with micro feed pump, realizes that more materials are fed on demand；
Blender, the waste collecting device that setting mixes a variety of printed materials in mixing chamber, the blender include motor, become spiral shell
Away from screw rod and end cap, end cap lid is closed in the upper end of the feed space, and motor is mounted on the lower end of end cap, and varying pitch screw is mounted on
It in the mixing chamber of the lower end of motor, is connected to motor by transmission shaft, the mixing agitator of middle part mixing chamber setting is used for next
It is sufficiently stirred, is uniformly mixed from a variety of printed materials of different feeds mouth, and a variety of printed materials are controlled by micro feed pump
Charge proportion, realize the printing of functionally graded material, there is the basis material of adhesion metal conducting wire and plain conductor approximate
Elasticity modulus so that flexible electronic product stretch, bending etc. is able to maintain under operating conditions and sufficiently high uses the longevity
Life realizes matrix mixing printing liquid component without the removing of conducting wire and matrix, while by the indoor Brownian movement of mixing
Flexible transition；Liquid waste collector is used to recycle remaining material in spray head by negative pressure of vacuum, in transition material, opens useless
Printed material remaining in spray head is recovered in liquid waste collector, the vacuum pressure-in liquid waste collector by collection
500mbar；Nozzle is conductive nozzle, and internal diameter is 0.5-100 μm, and conductive nozzle may be implemented to carry out EFI using high voltage electric field
The printing of macroscopic view/microcosmic Multi-scale model may be implemented in print, and printed material is extensive, due to nozzle and receives between substrate
Apart from very little, it can reduce because of position error caused by air agitation etc., precision is high, and controllability is good, therefore EFI print is very suitable
Together in micro-dimension, the preparation of high-precision flexible electronic product.(3) printed material based on EFI print is liquid, need to be to printing material
Material is solidified in time, and heating plate and heat-insulated dress of the temperature regulating range at 20-200 DEG C is just arranged in this equipment on the table
It sets, and configures UV light source on the outside of first spray head, to complete the timely solidification of temperature-sensitive, light-sensitive material.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device, it include: X-Y table, print platform, receive substrate (substrate or
Person's substrate), high-voltage pulse power source, Z-direction workbench, spray head fixed frame, printing head, solidified cell, back pressure control unit, printing
Material feed unit etc..Wherein, print platform is placed on X-Y table；It receives substrate to be placed on print platform, and passes through
The modes such as vacuum suction or electromagnetic adsorption are fixed on print platform.The first, second spray head fixed frame, printing head are total
With composition injection unit, injection unit is connected with Z-direction workbench, the surface of print platform is placed in, with high-voltage pulse electric
Source anode is connected.Back pressure control unit one end is connected with compressed air, and the other end is connected with the material storage tube of printing head.It beats
Print material feed unit is connected with the material storage tube of printing head.
Agitating screw built in the first spray head, diameter 10mm, screw pitch 5mm, thread are provided with directly perpendicular to axis direction
Diameter is that the aperture of 1mm is several, and compression ratio is selected as 1.1, and screw rod is driven by motor, range of speeds 5-60r/min.It is by compression ratio
1.1 screw rod carries out active mixing to a variety of streams are mixed into, marking ink under the action of screw rod axial force, in first spray head
It flows in the axial direction, is conducive to the microring array of different component interlayer mixed liquor, and under the action of Brownian movement, eliminate
The Spline smoothing of component interlayer.
The high-voltage pulse power source voltage pulse output range is 0-10KV, and output pulse frequency range is 0-5000HZ.
The preferential scheme for selecting DC high-voltage power supply and high-voltage pulse power source combination, wherein the voltage range of DC high-voltage power supply is 0-
7KV, the voltage range of high-voltage pulse power source are 0-3KV.
The first, second spray head of the printing is made of nozzle and barrel, and is mounted on Z-direction work by spray head fixed frame
Platform.The nozzle is mounted on material storage tube bottom, any material, such as stainless steel, plastics, ceramics etc. can be selected, in nozzle
1-1000 microns of diameter size.The material storage tube preferentially selects the storage device with heating function.
The X-Y table is preferential that linear motor driving, servo motor is selected to drive using high speed and high precision position moving stage
Dynamic, the stepper motor driven scheme of high-precision.The movement speed 1-600mm/s of X-Y table, repetitive positioning accuracy height are not less than
5 microns.
The Z-direction workbench is high-precision Z to displacement platform, preferential to select high-precision nanoscale piezoelectric position moving stage, superelevation essence
Servo motor displacement platform etc. is spent, positioning accuracy is not less than 0.5 micron.
The reception substrate, which can according to need, selects any material, such as aluminium sheet, silicon wafer, glass etc..To existing
Surface in kind is printed, and can be fixed on material object on print platform and be printed again.
The solidified cell is used for the rapid curing of liquid printed material, selects for different type printed material different
Solidification equipment.
When printed material is thermosetting material, electric heating auxiliary device can be increased on print platform.The electric heating
Device is electrically heated rod or electric heating sheets, and electric heater unit can realize liquid printing by heating to printed material
Material rapid curing.
When printed material is photo-curing material, UV solidification equipment can be installed in printing head side or two sides.It is described
UV solidification equipment is ultraviolet LED mould group or ultraviolet LED lamp bead, is fixed on spray head fixed frame, and the hot spot after focusing irradiates mesh
Print position is marked, realizes liquid printed material rapid curing.
The back pressure control unit includes precise pressure regulating valve, switching control pilot, gas circuit attachment etc..Range of regulation is 0-
5bar。
The printed material feed unit includes precise injection pump, supply lines etc..The precise injection pump passes through feed
The connection of the material storage tube of pipeline and printing head, is replenished in time printed material in print procedure into spray head.
The working method of above-mentioned electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device is as follows: compressed air is through precise pressure regulating valve pressure regulation
The liquid in material storage tube is pushed to reach nozzle location afterwards, due to applying pulsed high-voltage at nozzle, extracting nozzle and receiving substrate
Or be completed between entity and form electric field, induced charge is assembled and mutually exclusive at nozzle, and forceful electric power field force makes liquid at nozzle
Body forms taylor cone, and when the sum of electric field force and gas backpressure are greater than the sum of surface tension and viscosity power, drop is from taylor cone tip
It is spouting.In conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, the liquid curing of injection, which is deposited on, to be received on substrate, forms part
Cross section profile.After the completion of the layer cross section forming of part, printing head rises the height in a section, entity table is completed
Face is the deposition that target print position carries out next layer cross section again, so recycles, ultimately forms 3D solid.In print procedure,
The printed material of consumption is replenished in time in printed material feed unit.
In conjunction with present invention mixing 3D printing device and its working method, the specific work of forming flexible electronic product manufacture is realized
Steps are as follows for skill:
Step 1: printing initialization, X-Y table, Z-direction workbench are moved to print stations from situ, make to be fixed on Z-direction work
The bottom of printing head nozzle is moved to the pre-set height that distance receives substrate on platform, regulates and extracts electrode to spray
Mouth bottom distance；According to material, precision, the part size etc. printed, set high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve,
Parameter needed for precise injection pumps；
Step 2: opening high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve (back pressure control unit), precise injection pump, (printed material supply is single
Member), screw mixes unit, solidified cell.Under the action of back pressure, the plurality of liquid (liquid and micro-nano particle) in material storage tube is pressed
It is measured according to different ratio, reaches nozzle location by blending transportation, form semi-moon shaped meniscus, apply arteries and veins on extracting electrode
It leaps high pressure, printing nozzle and receives and form electric field between substrate, induced charge assembles at nozzle and mutually exclusive, forceful electric power field force
Liquid at nozzle is set to form taylor cone, when the sum of electric field force and gas backpressure are greater than the sum of surface tension and viscosity power, drop is certainly
Taylor cone tip is spouting.In conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, the liquid curing of injection is deposited on reception substrate
On, form the functionally gradient basis material of flexible electronic product variation rigidity.
Step 3: after the completion of flexible electronic product basis material, closing high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, accurate voltage regulating
Valve, solidified cell etc., pause spray and control the height that printing head rises a section by Z-direction workbench.Open vacuum
Sampler is adsorbed, electronic device needed for adsorbing is placed to required position.
Step 4: high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, precise pressure regulating valve and second nozzle etc. are opened, with first part's reality
Body is made and electronic device is to receive substrate, in conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, sprays conductive ink, electricity needed for printing
Road.
Step 5: opening high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve (back pressure control unit), (the printed material confession of precise injection pump
To unit), screw mixes unit, solidified cell, spray adhesive layer.Beating for consumption is replenished in time in precise injection pump in print procedure
Print material.
Step 6: closing high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, precise injection pump, solidified cell etc., X-Y table, Z-direction
Workbench returns to original station, removes from print platform and receives substrate and formation of parts.
Since there is no limit (including such as organic and inorganic, conductive, non-conductive, biomaterial, poly- for printed material of the present invention
Close object, metal material etc.), using electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device of the present invention and its working method, and it is used in combination
Multiple printing heads, each printing head is interior to place different printed materials, and such as drip molding structural material, is led at backing material
Electric material, functional material etc. can be realized the multiple dimensioned 3D printing of more materials.Realize " structure-material-performance-device " integration
Manufacture.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) first spray head of the invention is provided with multiple feed inlets, and each feed inlet is connected from different micro feed pumps, more
After kind material enters in spray head, it is sufficiently mixed under the action of blender, realizes the printing of more materials；Spray head of the invention and
May be implemented between substrate x to, y to z to relative motion, rationally control macroscopical geometry, the object of printing objects
Internal and surface micro-structure.
(2) helical screw agitator device is set inside first spray head of the invention, realized in print procedure more materials actively with
Passive compound quick and complete full and uniform mixing, micro feed pump can be realized the accurate control to each component, and realize change
The flexible transition of component between layers, and any flexible electronic basis material rigidity is adjusted by reinforced phase, with conducting wire material
The elasticity modulus Proper Match of material, improves the service life of flexible electronic product.
(3) nozzle of the first, second spray head of the invention is conductive nozzle, using the side of EFI print in high voltage electric field
Formula is printed, and can be realized the precise Printing to microstructure of object, by adjusting the distance between nozzle and base material, is realized
The multiple dimensioned printing of the both macro and micro of object, while in body surface and internal manufacture complicated two-dimensional and three-dimensional macro, micro- ruler
Spend structure.
(4) present invention material in spray head can be sucked out by liquid waste collector, be used for more new material, realized printing
More material quick-replaceables and material component are adjusted in real time in the process, are solved more materials and are integrated problem, are changed in print procedure
Material composition and proportion realize the seamless and accurate of flexible material, rigid material and electronic circuit in the case where not stopping print conditions
Transition.A kind of technical grade solution is provided for the industrialized production of flexible electronic product.
(5) printed material good compatibility of the invention, suitable for the printing of high viscosity liquid, solve heavy viscous material and
It is various to be suitable for biomaterial, metal nanoparticle, ceramic material, organic functional material etc. for the printing problem of design material
Material；Liquid, nano material integration printing may be implemented；
The present invention can be used for aerospace, minute mechanical and electrical system, biologic medical, histoorgan, new material (lattice material, super material
Material, functionally graded material, composite material etc.), 3D functional structure electronics, wearable device, new energy (fuel cell, solar energy
Deng), high definition show, micro-fluidic device, micronano optical device, micro-nano sensor, printed electronic, extending electronics, software machine
The numerous areas such as people and industry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of 3D printing device of flexible electronic product of the present invention and its overall structure diagram of working method.
Claims (3)
1. the 3D printing device and its working method of a kind of flexible electronic product, concrete implementation method are as follows:
(1) a kind of more Material cladding 3D printers based on electric Printing techniques, including pedestal, be equipped on the pedestal workbench,
Rack, heating plate are equipped with support on the workbench by the printing bed of printing objects, be fixed in the rack first spray head,
Second spray head and manipulator, the first spray head, second spray head and manipulator are respectively positioned on above stamp pad, are separately formed flexible electrical
Matrix, conducting wire and the placement electronic device of sub- product, so that flexible electronic product realizes integration printing；
(2) first spray head is set as active-passive composite mixing printing head, and the spray head is by feed space, mixing chamber, three, nozzle
It is grouped as；Feed space is provided with 2 or more feed inlets, is connected respectively with micro feed pump, realizes that more materials are fed on demand；Mixing
Blender that indoor setting mixes a variety of printed materials, waste collecting device, the blender includes motor, varying pitch spiral shell
Bar and end cap, end cap lid are closed in the upper end of the feed space, and motor is mounted on the lower end of end cap, and varying pitch screw is mounted on motor
Lower end mixing chamber in, be connected to motor by transmission shaft, the mixing agitator of middle part mixing chamber setting is used for from not
A variety of printed materials with feed inlet are sufficiently stirred, be uniformly mixed, and by micro feed pump control a variety of printed materials into
Material ratio realizes the printing of functionally graded material, and the basis material of adhesion metal conducting wire and plain conductor is made to have approximate bullet
Property modulus so that flexible electronic product stretch, bending etc. is able to maintain sufficiently high service life under operating conditions, and
The removing of conducting wire and matrix does not occur, while realizing the flexibility of matrix mixing printing liquid component by the indoor Brownian movement of mixing
Transition；Liquid waste collector is used to recycle remaining material in spray head by negative pressure of vacuum, in transition material, opens waste collection
Device, printed material remaining in spray head is recovered in liquid waste collector, the vacuum pressure -500mbar in liquid waste collector；Spray
Mouth is conductive nozzle, and internal diameter is 0.5-100 μm, and conductive nozzle may be implemented to carry out EFI print using high voltage electric field, be may be implemented
The printing of macroscopic view/microcosmic Multi-scale model, and printed material is extensive, due to nozzle and receives the distance between substrate very little, energy
Enough to reduce because of position error caused by air agitation etc., precision is high, and controllability is good, thus EFI print be very suitable for micro-dimension,
High-precision flexible electronic product preparation；
(3) printed material based on EFI print is liquid, need to be solidified in time to printed material, this equipment is square on the table
Heating plate and heat-proof device of the temperature regulating range at 20-200 DEG C are set, and configure UV light source on the outside of first spray head, with complete
At temperature-sensitive, the timely solidification of light-sensitive material.
2. the technical solution that the 3D printing device in the 3D printing device and its working method of a kind of flexible electronic product uses are as follows:
A kind of electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device, it include: X-Y table, print platform, receive substrate (substrate or
Person's substrate), high-voltage pulse power source, Z-direction workbench, spray head fixed frame, printing head, solidified cell, back pressure control unit, printing
Material feed unit etc.；Wherein, print platform is placed on X-Y table；It receives substrate to be placed on print platform, and passes through
The modes such as vacuum suction or electromagnetic adsorption are fixed on print platform；The first, second spray head fixed frame, printing head are total
With composition injection unit, injection unit is connected with Z-direction workbench, the surface of print platform is placed in, with high-voltage pulse electric
Source anode is connected；Back pressure control unit one end is connected with compressed air, and the other end is connected with the material storage tube of printing head；It beats
Print material feed unit is connected with the material storage tube of printing head；Agitating screw built in the first spray head, diameter 10mm, screw pitch
5mm, thread perpendicular to axis direction be provided with diameter be 1mm aperture it is several, compression ratio is selected as 1.1, and screw rod is driven by motor,
Range of speeds 5-60r/min；The screw rod for being 1.1 by compression ratio carries out active mixing to a variety of streams are mixed into, in screw rod axial direction
Under the action of power, the marking ink in first spray head flows in the axial direction, is conducive to different component interlayer mixed liquor
Microring array, and under the action of Brownian movement, eliminate the Spline smoothing of component interlayer；The high-voltage pulse power source output pulse electricity
Pressure range is 0-10KV, and output pulse frequency range is 0-5000HZ；It is preferential to select DC high-voltage power supply and high-voltage pulse power source
Combined scheme, wherein the voltage range of DC high-voltage power supply is 0-7KV, and the voltage range of high-voltage pulse power source is 0-3KV；Institute
It states the first, second spray head of printing to be made of nozzle and barrel, and Z-direction workbench is mounted on by spray head fixed frame；The nozzle
It is mounted on material storage tube bottom, any material, such as stainless steel, plastics, ceramics etc., nozzle inside diameter size 1-1000 can be selected
Micron；The material storage tube preferentially selects the storage device with heating function；The X-Y table is using high speed and high precision position
Moving stage, it is preferential to select linear motor driving, servo motor driving, the stepper motor driven scheme of high-precision；The shifting of X-Y table
Dynamic speed 1-600mm/s, repetitive positioning accuracy height are not less than 5 microns；The Z-direction workbench is high-precision Z to displacement platform, preferentially
High-precision nanoscale piezoelectric position moving stage, superhigh precision servo motor displacement platform etc. are selected, positioning accuracy is not less than 0.5 micron；Institute
Stating reception substrate can according to need selection any material, such as aluminium sheet, silicon wafer, glass etc.；To existing in kind surface into
Material object, can be fixed on print platform and print again by row printing；The solidified cell is used for the rapid curing of liquid printed material,
Different solidification equipments is selected for different type printed material；It, can be in print platform when printed material is thermosetting material
Upper increase electric heating auxiliary device；The electric heater unit is electrically heated rod or electric heating sheets, and electric heater unit can pass through
Printed material is heated, realizes liquid printed material rapid curing；When printed material is photo-curing material, can print
UV solidification equipment is installed in spray head side or two sides；The UV solidification equipment be ultraviolet LED mould group or ultraviolet LED lamp bead, Gu
It is scheduled on spray head fixed frame, the hot spot after focusing irradiates target print position, realizes liquid printed material rapid curing；The back
Pressing control unit includes precise pressure regulating valve, switching control pilot, gas circuit attachment etc.；Range of regulation is 0-5bar；The printed material
Feed unit includes precise injection pump, supply lines etc.；The precise injection pump passes through the storing of supply lines and printing head
Cylinder connection, is replenished in time printed material in print procedure into spray head；Above-mentioned electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device
Working method is as follows: compressed air pushes the liquid in material storage tube to reach nozzle location after precise pressure regulating valve pressure regulation, due to spray
Apply pulsed high-voltage at mouth, extract nozzle and receive substrate or be completed between entity and form electric field, induced charge is spraying
Assemble at mouth and mutually exclusive, forceful electric power field force makes liquid at nozzle form taylor cone, when the sum of electric field force and gas backpressure are greater than
The sum of surface tension and viscosity power, drop is spouting from taylor cone tip；In conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, spray
The liquid curing penetrated, which is deposited on, to be received on substrate, and the cross section profile of part is formed；After the completion of the layer cross section forming of part, printing
Spray head rises the height in a section, carries out the deposition of next layer cross section again solid object surface is completed as target print position,
So circulation, ultimately forms 3D solid；In print procedure, the printed material of consumption is replenished in time in printed material feed unit.
3. combining present invention mixing 3D printing device and its working method, the concrete technology of forming flexible electronic product manufacture is realized
Steps are as follows:
Step 1: printing initialization, X-Y table, Z-direction workbench are moved to print stations from situ, make to be fixed on Z-direction work
The bottom of printing head nozzle is moved to the pre-set height that distance receives substrate on platform, regulates and extracts electrode to spray
Mouth bottom distance；According to material, precision, the part size etc. printed, set high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve,
Parameter needed for precise injection pumps；
Step 2: opening high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve (back pressure control unit), precise injection pump, (printed material supply is single
Member), screw mixes unit, solidified cell；Under the action of back pressure, the plurality of liquid (liquid and micro-nano particle) in material storage tube is pressed
It is measured according to different ratio, reaches nozzle location by blending transportation, form semi-moon shaped meniscus, apply arteries and veins on extracting electrode
It leaps high pressure, printing nozzle and receives and form electric field between substrate, induced charge assembles at nozzle and mutually exclusive, forceful electric power field force
Liquid at nozzle is set to form taylor cone, when the sum of electric field force and gas backpressure are greater than the sum of surface tension and viscosity power, drop is certainly
Taylor cone tip is spouting；In conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, the liquid curing of injection is deposited on reception substrate
On, form the functionally gradient basis material of flexible electronic product variation rigidity；
Step 3: after the completion of flexible electronic product basis material, close high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, precise pressure regulating valve,
Solidified cell etc., pause spray and control the height that printing head rises a section by Z-direction workbench；Open vacuum suction
Sampler, electronic device needed for adsorbing are placed to required position；
Step 4: high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, precise pressure regulating valve and second nozzle etc. are opened, with first part's entity work
And electronic device is to receive substrate, in conjunction with X-Y table by the movement of setting path, sprays conductive ink, circuit needed for printing；
Step 5: opening high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve (back pressure control unit), precise injection pump, (printed material supply is single
Member), screw mixes unit, solidified cell, spray adhesive layer；The printing material of consumption is replenished in time in precise injection pump in print procedure
Material；
Step 6: closing high-voltage pulse power source, precise pressure regulating valve, precise injection pump, solidified cell etc., X-Y table, Z-direction work
Platform returns to original station, removes from print platform and receives substrate and formation of parts；
Due to printed material of the present invention there is no limit (including such as organic and inorganic, conductive, non-conductive, biomaterial, polymer,
Metal material etc.), using electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing device of the present invention and its working method, and multiple beat is used in combination
Print spray head, place different printed materials in each printing head, such as drip molding structural material, backing material, conductive material,
Functional material etc. can be realized the multiple dimensioned 3D printing of more materials；Realize that " structure-material-performance-device " is integrated.
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| CN111152452A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-15 | 青岛理工大学 | PDMS/SiC functional gradient substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111714104A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-09-29 | 南京师范大学 | Emergency physiological parameter monitoring patch based on 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN111716717A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-29 | 重庆纳研新材料科技有限公司 | Component composite flexible body 3D printer head and 3D printer |
| CN112549523A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-26 | 华中科技大学 | Material increasing and decreasing integrated molding system and method for three-dimensional conformal electronic component |
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| CN114571720A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-06-03 | 深圳市纵维立方科技有限公司 | Photocuring printer |
| CN114589920A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆大学 | 3D printing device and method for distributed flexible pressure sensing device |
| CN114413744A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-29 | 西安交通大学 | 3D printing composite material flexible strain sensor based on auxetic structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114603874A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-10 | 西南科技大学 | Fused deposition modeling system and method |
| CN115090896A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-23 | 大连理工大学 | Wire interconnection electrofluid jet printing device and method |
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