CN110253029B - Particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B22F1/0003—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of aerosol alloy powder. Smelting the alloy into metal liquid; mixing the particles with a gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture; and spraying the gas-powder mixture, and atomizing the metal liquid by using the airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed. The invention atomizes the metal liquid by utilizing the jet air flow of the gas-powder mixture, realizes the pre-alloying of the particles and the metal liquid, improves the mixing uniformity of the particles and the metal liquid, obviously improves the performance index of the powder, and provides a fundamental guarantee for the subsequent laser cladding. The data of the examples show that: the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained by the method is good in sphericity, and the average particle size is 100-450 meshes; when the laser cladding device is used for laser cladding, a cladding layer has no holes or a small number of holes, and the cladding layer has no layering phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of aerosol alloy powder, in particular to particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The powder prepared by the gas atomization technology has the advantages of fine granularity, high sphericity, low oxygen content, high condensation speed and the like, is the main method for producing high-performance metal powder at present, and the powder produced by gas atomization accounts for 30-50% of the total yield of the powder in the world. The vacuum atomization powder preparation technology is characterized in that a metal material is smelted under a vacuum condition, a high-pressure airflow atomizes and crushes metal liquid into a large number of fine liquid drops under the condition of gas protection, the liquid drops are solidified into spherical or nearly spherical particles in flight, the core of the technology is to convert kinetic energy of high-speed airflow into surface energy of new powder to the maximum extent, an atomization medium is usually gas such as argon or nitrogen, a cooling medium is gas or liquid, and the technology is a mainstream method for preparing various types of powder through laser cladding.
In laser cladding production, alloy powder prepared by a gas atomization method can be directly clad for use, and WC, SiC, TiC and Cr with proper proportion are often added into the alloy powder for achieving special performance2C3And mechanically mixing the metal ceramic powder by a powder mixer, uniformly mixing the metal ceramic powder and the powder mixer for laser cladding, wherein the added metal ceramic powder exists in a laser cladding layer as a hard phase to form a hard particle reinforced alloy cladding layer.
The traditional method is that the cermet powder is directly added into the prepared alloy powder and then is uniformly mixed by a mechanical method, and because the density of the added cermet powder is different from that of the alloy powder, the cermet powder and the alloy powder can only be relatively uniform even after being mixed for a certain time, the distribution uniformity of hard alloy particles in a subsequent laser cladding layer is necessarily influenced, layering is easily formed in the subsequent alloy cladding layer, the alloy layer is not uniform, and the service performance of the alloy layer is necessarily influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder, a method for preparing the same, and applications thereof. The preparation method provided by the invention realizes uniform pre-alloying of the particles and the metal liquid, obviously improves the performance index of the final powder, and provides a fundamental guarantee for the subsequent laser cladding.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder, which comprises the following steps:
smelting the alloy to obtain metal liquid;
mixing the particles with a gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture;
and spraying the gas-powder mixture, and atomizing the metal liquid by using the airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed to obtain the particle-reinforced prealloy powder.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas-powder mixture is-20 ℃ to 5 ℃.
Preferably, the pressure for spraying the gas-powder mixture is 16-18 kg.
Preferably, the speed of the gas-powder mixture is more than or equal to 1000 m/s.
Preferably, the temperature of the metal liquid is 1525-1555 ℃.
Preferably, the distance between the initial point of the gas-powder mixture and the metal liquid is 10-20 mm.
Preferably, the metal liquid is in a water-flow shape when atomized.
Preferably, the flow velocity of the water-flow-shaped metal liquid is 100-120 cm/s.
The invention also provides the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder obtained by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
The invention also provides application of the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder in the technical scheme in the field of laser cladding.
The invention provides a preparation method of particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder, which comprises the following steps: smelting the alloy to obtain metal liquid; mixing the particles with a gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture; and spraying the gas-powder mixture, and atomizing the metal liquid by using the airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed to obtain the particle-reinforced prealloy powder. The invention sprays the gas-powder mixture formed by mixing the particles and the gas, and atomizes the metal liquid by using the airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed, thereby realizing the pre-alloying of the particles and the metal liquid, improving the mixing uniformity of the particles and the metal liquid, obviously improving the performance index of the final powder and providing a fundamental guarantee for the subsequent laser cladding. Compared with the traditional mechanical adding and mixing mode, the preparation method provided by the invention is more stable, and the phenomena of holes, insufficient melting and layering which are easy to occur in the traditional powder mixing mode during cladding are avoided. The data of the examples show that: the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained by the method is good in sphericity, and the average particle size is 100-450 meshes; when the laser cladding device is used for laser cladding, a cladding layer has no holes or a small number of holes, and the cladding layer has no layering phenomenon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spherical mixing chamber, wherein 1-gas inlet, 2-gas inlet valve, 3-gas outlet, 4-gas outlet valve, 5-gas inlet nozzle, 6-sealing rotary joint, 7-feeding port, and 8-valve;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the particle enhanced prealloyed powder from example 1;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a cladding layer obtained from the particle-reinforced prealloyed powder obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a cladding layer from the particle reinforced prealloyed powder of example 2;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a cladding layer obtained from the particle-reinforced prealloyed powder obtained in example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder, which comprises the following steps:
smelting the alloy to obtain metal liquid;
mixing the particles with a gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture;
and spraying the gas-powder mixture, and atomizing the metal liquid by using the airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed to obtain the particle-reinforced prealloy powder.
The invention melts alloy to obtain metal liquid.
The proportion of the metal elements in the alloy is not particularly limited, and the skilled person can select the metal elements according to actual needs; meanwhile, the parameters of the smelting are not specifically limited, and the smelting parameters can be set by a person skilled in the art according to the selected alloy. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the alloy preferably comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.35% of C, 18% of Cr, 2.5% of Co2, 3% of Ni and the balance of Fe; 0.25% of C, 19% of Cr, 2% of Mo, 4% of Ni and the balance of Fe; 0.45 percent of C, 13 percent of Cr, 1.5 percent of Mn1, and the balance of Fe. In the present invention, the melting is preferably performed in an electric furnace.
The invention mixes the particles with gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture.
In the present invention, the gas preferably includes argon or nitrogen. The kind of the particles is not specifically limited, and those skilled in the art can select the particles according to actual needs, and in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the particles are preferably WC, SiC, TiC or Cr2C3In the invention, the particle size of the particles is preferably 135-325 meshes, and in the invention, the using ratio of the particles to the gas is preferably 100-300 g: 30-50L.
In the present invention, the particles are mixed with the gas, preferably in a spherical mixing chamber. In the invention, the structural schematic diagram of the spherical mixing cavity is shown in figure 1, wherein 1-air inlet, 2-air inlet valve, 3-air outlet, 4-air outlet valve, 5-air inlet nozzle, 6-sealed rotary joint, 7-feeding port and 8-valve. In the present invention, the number of the air intake nozzles is preferably 6; the angle between each air inlet nozzle is preferably 25 °. In the invention, the included angle between the air inlet and the radial direction of the spherical mixing cavity is preferably 60 degrees; the included angle between air inlet and the spherical mixing cavity can guarantee that the gas entering from the air inlet forms a rotational flow in the spherical cavity, and the added particles are driven to rotate and be fully mixed.
In the invention, when the spherical mixing cavity is used for mixing the particles and the gas, the specific operation steps are preferably as follows: opening a valve 8, putting particles to be added into the container through a feeding port 7, and then closing the valve 8; opening an air inlet valve 2 on an air inlet 1, and continuously introducing air to form a rotational flow so as to realize uniform mixing of the air and particles; setting the mixing time according to the number and density of the added particles; and then opening an air outlet valve 4 on the air outlet 3, and introducing the mixed gas-powder mixture into an annular atomizing air pipeline for spraying.
After the metal liquid and gas powder mixture is obtained, the gas powder mixture is sprayed out, and the metal liquid is atomized by using airflow generated when the gas powder mixture is sprayed out, so that the particle-reinforced prealloy powder is obtained.
In the invention, the temperature of the gas-powder mixture is preferably-20-5 ℃; the spraying speed of the gas-powder mixture is preferably not less than 1000m/s, and more preferably 1000-1500 m/s; the ejection pressure of the gas-powder mixture is preferably 16-18 kg, and more preferably 16 kg. In the present invention, the means for ejecting the gas-powder mixture is preferably an annular atomizer tube.
In the invention, the temperature of the metal liquid is preferably 1525-1555 ℃, and is further preferably 1530-1550 ℃. In the invention, the distance between the initial point of the gas-powder mixture spraying and the metal liquid is preferably 10-20 mm, namely the distance between the outlet of the annular atomizing air pipeline and the metal liquid is 10-20 mm. In the present invention, the metal liquid is preferably in a water-stream shape; the flow velocity of the water flow-shaped metal liquid is preferably 100-120 cm/s, and more preferably 110 cm/s.
In the present invention, the water-flowing metal liquid is preferably formed in a casting ladle, specifically: and injecting the molten metal formed by smelting the alloy into a pouring ladle, and then allowing the molten metal to flow out of the pouring ladle under the action of gravity and surface tension to form water-flow molten metal.
After the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder is obtained, the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder is preferably screened according to actual needs to obtain the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder with the required size.
In the invention, the water flow-shaped metal liquid is arranged near the outlet of the gas-powder mixture (the outlet of the annular atomizer pipeline), and the gas-powder mixture can rapidly cool the metal liquid due to the high speed and low temperature of the gas flow generated by the gas-powder mixture, and the particles in the gas-powder mixture are rapidly alloyed with the metal liquid to form the particle-reinforced prealloyed powder.
The method of the invention realizes the full and uniform mixing of the particles and the alloy, and simultaneously realizes that the particles are coated by the alloy, thereby achieving the aim of pre-alloying preparation; when the particles are used for subsequent processes such as laser cladding, the particles are not easy to ablate and oxidize, and the optimal particle enhanced strengthening effect is realized.
The invention also provides the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder obtained by the preparation method in the technical scheme. The particles in the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder provided by the invention are fully mixed with the alloy.
The invention also provides application of the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder in the technical scheme in the field of laser cladding. The parameters of the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder applied to laser cladding are not specifically limited, and can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs.
The particle-reinforced prealloyed powders of the present invention and their methods of preparation and use are described in detail below with reference to the examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Smelting an alloy (the alloy comprises the following components, by weight, 0.35% of C, 18% of Cr, 2.5% of Co2, 3% of Ni and the balance of Fe) in an electric furnace at 1550 ℃ for 10min to obtain a metal liquid, and filling the metal liquid into a pouring ladle;
mixing metal ceramic particles SiC (200g) and argon (40L) in a spherical mixing cavity for 5min to obtain a gas-powder mixture;
spraying a gas-powder mixture at the temperature of 15 ℃ below zero through an annular atomizing gas pipeline (the spraying pressure is 16 kilograms, the spraying speed is 1200m/s), enabling the metal liquid in the pouring ladle to flow out in a water flow shape (1550 ℃) at a position 15mm away from a central opening of the annular atomizing gas pipeline (the flow speed is 100cm/s), and atomizing; and then sieving to obtain the particle reinforced prealloyed powder.
Example 2
Smelting an alloy (the alloy comprises the following components, by weight, 0.25% of C, 19% of Cr, 2% of Mo, 4% of Ni and the balance of Fe) in an electric furnace at 1525 ℃ for 15min to obtain a metal liquid, and filling the metal liquid into a pouring ladle;
mixing metal ceramic particles WC (300g) and argon (50L) in a spherical mixing cavity for 5min to obtain a gas-powder mixture;
spraying a gas-powder mixture at the temperature of 15 ℃ below zero through an annular atomizing gas pipeline (the spraying pressure is 17 kilograms, the spraying speed is 1400m/s), enabling the metal liquid in the pouring ladle to flow out at the position 20mm away from the central opening of the annular atomizing gas pipeline in a water flow shape (1525 ℃) mode (the flow speed is 110cm/s), and atomizing; and then sieving to obtain the particle reinforced prealloyed powder.
Example 3
Smelting an alloy (the alloy comprises the following components, by weight, 0.45% of C, 13% of Cr, 1.5% of Mn and the balance of Fe) in an electric furnace at 1525 ℃ for 20min to obtain a metal liquid, and filling the metal liquid into a pouring ladle;
TiO metal ceramic particles2(150g) Mixing with argon (30L) in a spherical mixing cavity for 5min to obtain gas-powder mixture;
spraying a gas-powder mixture at the temperature of 15 ℃ below zero through an annular atomizing gas pipeline (the spraying pressure is 18 kilograms, the spraying speed is 1500m/s), enabling the metal liquid in the pouring ladle to flow out in a water flow shape (1550 ℃) at a position 10mm away from a central opening of the annular atomizing gas pipeline (the flow speed is 120cm/s), and atomizing; and then sieving to obtain the particle reinforced prealloyed powder.
And (3) performance testing:
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the particle enhanced prealloyed powder obtained in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that: the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained by the method disclosed by the invention is good in sphericity and has an average particle size of 100-450 meshes.
The particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained in the examples 1-3 is subjected to laser cladding on the surface of a 45 steel base material, the laser cladding parameters are that the laser power is 2.8-4.0 KW, the rectangular light spot is 2 × 14mm, the lapping rate is 50%, the scanning speed is 450-650 mm/min, the powder is pre-arranged in a powder laying mode, the pictures of the laser cladding layer obtained by the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained in the examples 1-3 are shown in the figures 3-5, respectively, and the pictures of the laser cladding layer obtained by the particle-reinforced pre-alloyed powder obtained in the examples 1-3 can be seen from the figures 3-5, that the cladding layer has no holes or a small number of holes, and the cladding.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder for laser cladding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
smelting the alloy to obtain metal liquid; the temperature of the metal liquid is 1525-1555 ℃;
mixing the particles with a gas to obtain a gas-powder mixture; the temperature of the gas-powder mixture is-20 ℃ to 5 ℃;
spraying the gas-powder mixture, and atomizing the metal liquid by using airflow generated when the gas-powder mixture is sprayed to obtain the particle-reinforced pre-alloy powder; the pressure sprayed out by the gas-powder mixture is 16-18 kg;
the spraying speed of the gas-powder mixture is more than or equal to 1000 m/s;
the distance between the initial point of the gas-powder mixture and the metal liquid is 10-20 mm;
the metal liquid is in a water flow shape when being atomized; the flow velocity of the water-flow-shaped metal liquid is 100-120 cm/s;
the particle size of the particles is 135-325 meshes, and the using amount ratio of the particles to the gas is 100-300 g: 30-50L.
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