CN110252506B - Mineral separation equipment based on composite magnetic field - Google Patents
Mineral separation equipment based on composite magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110252506B CN110252506B CN201910594112.7A CN201910594112A CN110252506B CN 110252506 B CN110252506 B CN 110252506B CN 201910594112 A CN201910594112 A CN 201910594112A CN 110252506 B CN110252506 B CN 110252506B
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- spiral chute
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- bending section
- separation apparatus
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
- B03B5/626—Helical separators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The utility model relates to a material sorting technology field provides a mineral sorting equipment based on compound magnetic field, including spiral chute and magnetic system, the below of the part of spiral chute is located to at least part of magnetic system, and the magnetic field intensity that magnetic system acted on spiral chute weakens gradually from the inboard of spiral chute to the outside of spiral chute. According to the mineral sorting equipment based on the composite magnetic field, the magnetic system is applied to the spiral chute, when materials to be sorted are moved and sorted along the extending direction of the spiral chute, magnetic field force generated by the magnetic system acts on the materials to be sorted, which are positioned in the spiral chute, when the materials to be sorted pass through a magnetic field area formed by the magnetic system, the magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to the overall inward magnetic force, so that the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute, the zonal distribution trend of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles and gangue particles along the groove surface of the spiral chute is enhanced, and the recovery rate of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles in concentrate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of material sorting, in particular to mineral sorting equipment based on a composite magnetic field.
Background
Spiral chute is a kind of flow membrane separation equipment, and concentrating mills are commonly used to separate fine metal ores. The flow field of the cross section of the spiral chute is provided with a circulating flow with an outward upper layer and an inward bottom layer, and the flow field of the selected metal ore particles in the equipment is mainly acted by gravity, buoyancy, centrifugal force, friction force, fluid resistance and supporting force of the wall surface of the equipment. It is generally considered that the feed particles are first subjected to longitudinal layering, in which process coarse and heavy particles tend to be distributed in the lower layer, while light and fine particles are mainly distributed in the upper layer; in the process of spiral movement downwards along the groove surface, the friction force between the light fine particles and the groove surface is small, and fluid flowing inwards is brought to the inner side of the cross section of the spiral chute; the friction force between the coarse and heavy particles and the groove surface is large and is mainly distributed on the outer side, so that all the feeding particles gradually realize zonal distribution in the process of flowing along the spiral chute groove surface.
Ideally, the sequence of the band distribution of different feeding particles on the groove surface is as follows (from inside to outside): high density fine particles, high density coarse particles, low density fine particles, low density coarse particles, and fine mud at the outermost side. However, in practical separation, the main problems of spiral chute separation are that high-density fine particles are easy to mix into middlings and tailings, so that fine-fraction concentrate is lost, and low-density coarse particles are easy to mix into concentrate, so that the overall granularity of concentrate products is larger, and the grade is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of the present disclosure to overcome the above-mentioned problem of poor classifying effect of the spiral chute of the prior art, and to provide a mineral classifying device based on a composite magnetic field.
The invention provides mineral separation equipment based on a composite magnetic field, which comprises the following components:
a spiral chute;
and the magnetic system is at least partially positioned below the part of the spiral chute, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system acting on the spiral chute is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute to the outer side of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least part of the magnetic system extends in a direction that coincides with the direction in which the inner side of the spiral chute extends to the outer side of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the spiral chute comprises a spiral chute bottom surface, and a spiral chute inner side surface and a spiral chute outer side surface which are connected to two ends of the spiral chute bottom surface;
wherein, the projection of the part of the inner side surface of the spiral chute on the magnetic system positioned below the spiral chute is positioned in the magnetic system.
In one embodiment of the invention, the projection of the portion of the outside surface of the spiral chute onto the magnetic system located therebelow is located inside the magnetic system.
In one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic system is an electromagnet comprising:
an iron core;
a coil wound around the iron core for receiving a current;
the width of one end of the iron core, which is close to the inner side of the spiral chute, is smaller than the width of the other end of the iron core, which is close to the outer side of the spiral chute, so that the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet acting on the spiral chute is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute to the outer side of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the width of the core gradually expands from one end near the inside of the helical chute to the other end near the outside of the helical chute.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the core includes:
the main body section is positioned below the spiral chute part, and the coil is wound on the main body section;
the first bending section is connected with one end of the main body section and is positioned at the inner side of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first bending section is a first L-shaped section body, and a first U-shaped cavity is arranged between the first bending section and the main body section;
the end part of the first bending section is arranged opposite to the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the core further includes:
the second bending section is connected with the other end of the main body section, which is far away from the first bending section, and is positioned at the outer side of the spiral chute;
the width of one end of the main body section connected with the first bending section is smaller than that of the other end of the main body section connected with the second bending section.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first bending section and the second bending section are arranged oppositely, the second bending section is a second L-shaped section body, and a second U-shaped cavity is arranged between the second bending section and the main body section;
the end part of the second bending section is arranged opposite to the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, a preset included angle is formed between the magnetic force lines of the magnetic system and the groove surface of the spiral chute, the preset included angle is an acute angle, and the magnetic force lines are inclined upwards relative to the groove surface of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic system is a plurality of, the mineral separation apparatus based on the composite magnetic field further comprises:
the support comprises a support frame and a support rod arranged in the middle of the support frame, and the spiral chute is arranged around the support rod;
wherein, a plurality of magnetic systems are arranged on the supporting rod at intervals.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises:
the stop part is arranged in the spiral chute and is used for being in contact with materials to be sorted, which move along the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the spiral chute comprises a spiral chute bottom surface, and a spiral chute inner side surface and a spiral chute outer side surface which are connected with two ends of the spiral chute bottom surface, and the stop part is a bar-shaped rod which is connected with the spiral chute inner side surface and the spiral chute outer side surface.
In one embodiment of the invention, the plurality of the stopping parts are arranged along the extending direction of the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises:
the flushing pipe is arranged on the spiral chute and used for feeding water flow to the materials to be sorted on the spiral chute.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the spiral chute comprises a spiral chute bottom surface, and a spiral chute inner side surface and a spiral chute outer side surface which are connected with two ends of the spiral chute bottom surface, a water outlet of the water flushing pipe is positioned on the spiral chute inner side surface, and the central line of the water outlet is arranged obliquely downwards to the spiral chute bottom surface.
In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of water flushing pipes are arranged along the extending direction of the spiral chute.
According to the mineral separation equipment based on the composite magnetic field, the magnetic system is applied to the spiral chute, namely, when materials to be separated are moved and separated along the extending direction of the spiral chute, magnetic field force generated by the magnetic system acts on the materials to be separated, which are positioned in the spiral chute, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system acting on the spiral chute is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute to the outer side of the spiral chute, namely, when the materials to be separated pass through a magnetic field area formed by the magnetic system, magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to the magnetic force inwards in a total way, so that the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute, the zonal distribution trend of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles and gangue particles along the groove surface of the spiral chute is enhanced, and the recovery rate of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles in concentrate is improved.
Drawings
The various objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts throughout. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic system structure of a composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus according to an exemplary first embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a magnetic system structure of a mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to an exemplary second embodiment.
The reference numerals are explained as follows:
10. a spiral chute; 11. a spiral chute bottom surface; 12. the inner side surface of the spiral chute; 13. the outer side surface of the spiral chute; 14. a feed inlet; 15. a discharge port; 20. a magnetic system; 21. an iron core; 211. a main body section; 212. a first bending section; 213. a second bending section; 22. a coil; 30. a bracket; 31. a support frame; 32. a support rod; 40. a stop portion; 50. a water flushing pipe; 60. an image acquisition unit; 61. cutting a feeder; 611. a material pipe; 62. a light supplementing lamp; 70. a control system; 71. a control end; 72. an excitation current controller; 80. a feeding system; 81. a feed pump; 82. a frequency converter; 83. a feeding assembly; 84. a feeder; 85. a feeding pipe; 86. a flow meter; 90. and a feeding pool.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present disclosure are described in detail in the following description. It will be understood that the present disclosure is capable of various modifications in the various embodiments, all without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and that the description and drawings are intended to be illustrative in nature and not to be limiting of the present disclosure.
In the following description of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration various exemplary structures, systems and steps in which aspects of the disclosure may be practiced. It is to be understood that other specific arrangements of parts, structures, example devices, systems, and steps may be used and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, although the terms "over," "between," "within," and the like may be used in this specification to describe various example features and elements of the disclosure, these terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the directions of examples in the drawings. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a particular three-dimensional orientation of structures to fall within the scope of this disclosure.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field, please refer to fig. 1 to 3, the mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field comprising: a spiral chute 10; and a magnetic system 20, at least part of the magnetic system 20 is positioned below the part of the spiral chute 10, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system 20 acting on the spiral chute 10 gradually decreases from the inner side of the spiral chute 10 to the outer side of the spiral chute 10.
According to the mineral separation equipment based on the composite magnetic field, the magnetic system 20 is applied to the spiral chute 10, namely, when materials to be separated are separated in the extending direction of the spiral chute 10, magnetic field force generated by the magnetic system 20 acts on the materials to be separated in the spiral chute 10, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system 20 acting on the spiral chute 10 is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute 10 to the outer side of the spiral chute 10, namely, when the materials to be separated pass through a magnetic field area formed by the magnetic system 20, magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to the overall inward magnetic force, so that the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute 10, the zonal distribution trend of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles and gangue particles along the groove surface of the spiral chute 10 is enhanced, the recovery rate of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles in concentrate is improved, and the problem that the spiral chute separation effect in the prior art is poor is solved.
In one embodiment, the portion of the spiral chute 10 represents a portion of the trough section of the spiral chute 10, i.e., it is contemplated that the spiral chute 10 extends in a generally spiral fashion, and a magnetic system 20 may be positioned below a section of the spiral chute 10, i.e., it is understood that the magnetic system 20 is positioned between the ends of the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, the spiral chute 10 includes a feed inlet 14 for feeding and a discharge outlet 15, i.e., the magnetic system 20 is located between the feed inlet 14 and the discharge outlet 15, which creates a magnetic field region between the feed inlet 14 and the discharge outlet 15.
Regarding the positional relationship between the spiral chute 10 and the magnetic system 20, the extending direction of at least part of the magnetic system 20 coincides with the extending direction of the inner side of the spiral chute 10 to the outer side of the spiral chute 10. The position of the magnetic system 20 is in the width direction across the spiral chute 10, that is, the extending direction coincides with the width direction of the spiral chute 10, the inner side of the spiral chute 10 and the outer side of the spiral chute 10 are mainly relative to the surrounding central position of the spiral chute 10, the inner side of the spiral chute 10 near the surrounding central position of the spiral chute 10, and the outer side of the spiral chute 10 far from the surrounding central position of the spiral chute 10.
For the groove surface composition of the spiral chute 10, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner surface of the spiral chute 10 comprises a spiral chute bottom surface 11, and a spiral chute inner side surface 12 and a spiral chute outer side surface 13 connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface 11; wherein the projection of the portion of the spiral chute inner side surface 12 onto the magnetic system 20 located therebelow is located inside the magnetic system 20.
In one embodiment, the trough surface of the spiral chute 10, i.e. the inner surface of the spiral chute 10, is composed of a spiral chute bottom surface 11 and a spiral chute inner side surface 12 and a spiral chute outer side surface 13 connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface 11, wherein the spiral chute inner side surface 12 is a side surface close to the inner side of the spiral chute 10, and the spiral chute outer side surface 13 is a side surface close to the outer side of the spiral chute 10. In order to be able to ensure that the spiral chute inner side 12 is located in the magnetic field region, the projection of the portion of the spiral chute inner side 12 onto the magnetic system 20 located therebelow is located inside the magnetic system 20, i.e. the direction of extension of one end of the magnetic system 20 across the spiral chute inner side 12, can be interpreted as one end of the magnetic system 20 being closer to the center position where the spiral chute 10 is surrounded than the center position where the spiral chute inner side 12 is surrounded by the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, since the magnet system 20 is disposed only opposite a portion of the spiral chute 10, the projection of a portion of the spiral chute inner side 12 onto the magnet system 20 below it is located inside the magnet system 20. If one of the magnet systems 20 is located, from an overall construction point of view, below one section of the spiral chute 10, and above the other section, only the bottom surface of the spiral chute 10 is considered for the action between the magnet systems 20.
Optionally, the projection of the portion of the spiral chute outer side 13 onto the magnet system 20 located therebelow is located inside the magnet system 20. Along a certain straight line direction, when two ends of the magnetic system 20 are respectively located at the outer sides of the inner side surface 12 and the outer side surface 13 of the spiral chute, a certain section of the chute surface of the spiral chute 10 is located in a magnetic field area formed by the magnetic system 20, so that magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to overall inward magnetic force, and the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute 10.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, for a specific structure of the magnetic system 20, the magnetic system 20 is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet includes: a core 21; a coil 22, the coil 22 being wound on the iron core 21 for receiving a current; wherein the width of one end of the iron core 21 near the inner side of the spiral chute 10 is smaller than the width of the other end of the iron core 21 near the outer side of the spiral chute 10, so that the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet acting on the spiral chute 10 is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute 10 to the outer side of the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, the magnetic system 20 is an electromagnet, i.e. the magnetic field force generated by the magnetic system 20 is controlled by an external current, so that the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet acting on the spiral chute 10 is gradually reduced from the inner side of the spiral chute 10 to the outer side of the spiral chute 10, and therefore the width of one end of the iron core 21 near the inner side of the spiral chute 10 is smaller than the width of the other end of the iron core 21 near the outer side of the spiral chute 10, and the magnetic field density of one end of the iron core 21 near the inner side of the spiral chute 10 is relatively larger, so that the magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to the overall inward magnetic force.
In one embodiment, the width of the core 21 gradually expands from one end near the inside of the spiral chute 10 to the other end near the outside of the spiral chute 10. The projection of the core 21 onto the horizontal plane forms a plane resembling a sector, i.e. the width of the two end faces is not uniform.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, for a specific structural form of the core 21, the core 21 includes: a main body section 211, the main body section 211 being located below a portion of the spiral chute 10, the coil 22 being wound on the main body section 211; the first bending section 212, the first bending section 212 is connected with one end of the main body section 211, and the first bending section 212 is located at the inner side of the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, the iron core 21 is composed of a main body section 211 and a first bending section 212, wherein the main body section 211 is used for winding the coil 22 and is located below a portion of the spiral chute 10, and the first bending section 212 is located at the inner side of the spiral chute 10, that is, opposite to the side surface of the spiral chute 10, and at this time, one side of the iron core 21 is bent in one direction.
In one embodiment, the first bending section 212 is a first L-shaped section, and a first U-shaped cavity is formed between the first bending section 212 and the main body section 211; wherein the end of the first bending section 212 is disposed opposite the spiral chute 10.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the core 21 further includes: the second bending section 213, the second bending section 213 is connected with the other end of the main body section 211 away from the first bending section 212, and the second bending section 213 is located at the outer side of the spiral chute 10; wherein the width of the end of the main body section 211 connected with the first bending section 212 is smaller than the width of the other end of the main body section 211 connected with the second bending section 213.
In one embodiment, the core 21 is composed of a first bending section 212, a main body section 211, and a second bending section 213, and the first bending section 212 and the second bending section 213 are located at two ends of the main body section 211, respectively.
In one embodiment, the first bending section 212 is disposed opposite to the second bending section 213, the second bending section 213 is a second L-shaped section, and a second U-shaped cavity is formed between the second bending section 213 and the main body section 211; wherein the end of the second bending section 213 is arranged opposite the spiral chute 10.
For the first embodiment of the iron core 21, as shown in fig. 2, the top view of the iron core 21 is in a sector shape, both the left and right ends of the iron core 21 are bent upward, the left end is narrow, the right end is wide, the magnetic induction line is directed from the left end to the right end (or the right end is directed to the left end, depending on the coil winding direction), and the magnetic induction line density near the slot face of the spiral chute 10 near the left end is greater than the magnetic induction line density near the slot face of the spiral chute 10 near the right end. The magnetic particles are subjected to a leftward magnetic field force during the downward flow along the spiral chute groove, so that the magnetic particles tend to be distributed towards the inner side of the spiral chute 10 more easily, and are separated from the non-magnetic particles.
For the second embodiment of the core 21, as shown in fig. 3, only the left end of the core 21 is bent upward, and the top view is also fan-shaped, the left end of the core cross section is small and the right end is large, which generates magnetic induction lines and affects the movement of magnetic particles similarly to the electromagnet shown in fig. 2.
The force of the magnetic particles in the magnetic field can be calculated as follows:
f m ＝μ 0 VKHgradH
μ 0 vacuum permeability, H/m; v is the particle volume, m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the K is the particle magnetic susceptibility; h is the background magnetic field intensity of the particles, A/m; grad H is the spatial magnetic field gradient.
In one embodiment, the magnetic lines of force of the magnetic system 20 have a predetermined angle with the trough surface of the spiral chute 10, the predetermined angle is an acute angle, and the magnetic lines of force are inclined upward relative to the trough surface of the spiral chute 10. The magnetic system 20 forms an upward magnetic field force relative to the trough surface of the spiral chute 10, i.e. it can provide an upward force to the material to be sorted, so that the friction between the material to be sorted and the trough surface of the spiral chute 10 can be reduced, and the sorting effect can be improved to a certain extent, wherein the preset included angle can be selected to be between 0 and 25 degrees.
In one embodiment, the magnetic system 20 is a plurality, and the composite magnetic field-based mineral separation apparatus further comprises: the support 30, the support 30 includes supporting the frame 31 and setting up the support bar 32 in the middle part of the supporting frame 31, the spiral chute 10 is set up around the support bar 32; wherein a plurality of magnet systems 20 are disposed on the support bar 32 at intervals. By arranging a plurality of magnet systems 20 on the support bar 32 at intervals, i.e. a plurality of magnet systems 20 can each generate a magnetic field area at different positions, the whole sorting process can be optimized.
In one embodiment, the position of the support bar 32 may be understood as the center position of the spiral chute 10, and the magnetic system 20 is disposed on the support bar 32, and the magnetic field lines generated by the magnetic system 20 may be considered as a circular radial line in a certain space.
In one embodiment, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises: a stopper 40, the stopper 40 is provided inside the spiral chute 10 for contacting the material to be sorted moving along the spiral chute 10. When the material to be sorted encounters the stop part 40 in the process of moving along the groove surface of the spiral chute 10, a magnetic group formed by the action of a magnetic field in the material to be sorted is loosened under the turbulence vortex formed by the stop part 40 and the falling action from the surface of the stop part 40 to the groove surface, and the mingled gangue particles are released and move along the groove surface again, so that zonal distribution is realized, and the pollution of gangue mingling in the magnetic group to concentrate is reduced.
In one embodiment, the inner surface of the spiral chute 10 includes a spiral chute bottom surface 11, and a spiral chute inner side surface 12 and a spiral chute outer side surface 13 connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface 11, and the stopper 40 is a bar-shaped rod connected to the spiral chute inner side surface 12 and the spiral chute outer side surface 13. The stop 40 is located on the spiral chute bottom surface 11 and is connected to both the spiral chute inner side surface 12 and the spiral chute outer side surface 13, i.e. it divides the trough surface of the spiral chute 10, but it does not affect the normal movement of the material to be sorted.
In one embodiment, the bar may be an angular bar, that is, the bar is surrounded by three surfaces, the surface that contacts the material to be sorted is the flow-facing surface, one surface is attached to the bottom surface 11 of the spiral chute, the range of the included angle between the corresponding edge of the flow-facing surface and the bottom surface 11 of the spiral chute is (0, 90), and the other surface is perpendicular to the bottom surface 11 of the spiral chute.
Optionally, the number of the stoppers 40 is plural, and the plural stoppers 40 are provided along the extending direction of the spiral chute 10. Wherein the two stops 40 may be disposed adjacent to each other and may form a 3-angle with the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises: a water flushing pipe 50, the water flushing pipe 50 is arranged on the spiral chute 10 and is used for feeding water flow to the materials to be sorted on the spiral chute 10. The arrangement of the flushing pipe 50 allows the fine mud moving to the inside of the spiral chute 10 during the sorting process to be flushed to the outside, reducing the fine mud content in the concentrate.
Optionally, the inner surface of the spiral chute 10 comprises a spiral chute bottom surface 11, a spiral chute inner side surface 12 and a spiral chute outer side surface 13 which are connected to two ends of the spiral chute bottom surface 11, a water outlet of the water flushing pipe 50 is positioned on the spiral chute inner side surface 12, and the central line of the water outlet is arranged obliquely downwards to the spiral chute bottom surface 11.
Optionally, the flushing pipes 50 are plural, and the plural flushing pipes 50 are arranged along the extending direction of the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, the magnetic system 20 is adjustably arranged on the intensity of the magnetic field applied to the spiral chute 10, and the mineral sorting apparatus based on the composite magnetic field further comprises an image acquisition part 60, wherein the image acquisition part 60 is used for acquiring the material belt distribution image information of the discharge hole 15.
In one embodiment, the image acquisition part 60 acquires the material belt distribution image information of the discharge port 15, so that the distribution situation of the material to be sorted when the material reaches the discharge port 15 can be determined, the distribution situation can be analyzed, then the sorting effect is confirmed according to the sorting result, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system 20 acting on the spiral chute 10 directly influences the sorting effect, so that the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system 20 acting on the spiral chute 10 can be correspondingly regulated according to the material belt distribution image information, thereby ensuring that the sorting effect reaches the optimal state, and the magnetic field intensity can be reasonably utilized without wasting electric power. The mineral sorting device based on the composite magnetic field according to the embodiment of the invention can improve sorting quality through the arrangement of the magnetic system 20, and the arrangement of the image acquisition part 60 can also adjust the intensity of the magnetic field of the magnetic system 20.
For a specific selection of the magnetic system 20, the magnetic system 20 is an electromagnet, the electromagnet comprises an iron core 21 and a coil 22 wound on the iron core 21, and the mineral separation device based on the composite magnetic field further comprises: the control system 70, the control system 70 is connected with the image acquisition part 60 and the coil 22, so as to receive the material belt distribution image information acquired by the image acquisition part 60, and adjust the current input into the coil 22 according to the material belt distribution image information.
In one embodiment, by connecting the control system 70 to both the image acquisition section 60 and the coil 22, i.e., the control system 70 has the function of receiving information of the analysis strip distribution image, and the magnitude of the current input to the coil 22 can also be adjusted by the specific analysis result.
For a specific composition of the control system 70, as shown in fig. 1, the control system 70 includes: the control end 71, the control end 71 is connected with the image acquisition part 60, in order to receive and analyze the material belt distribution image information; an excitation current controller 72, the control terminal 71 is connected to the excitation current controller 72, and the excitation current controller 72 is connected to the coil 22; the control end 71 analyzes the belt distribution image information to send out an action signal, and the exciting current controller 72 receives the action signal and adjusts the current level of the input coil 22 according to the action signal.
In one embodiment, the control system 70 is comprised of a control terminal 71 and an excitation current controller 72, the control system 70 is configured to receive and analyze the web profile image information, and then transmit the analyzed result to the excitation current controller 72, and the excitation current controller 72 may adjust the magnitude of the current input to the coil 22 according to the analysis result. If the separation unit is complete, the current may be appropriately increased, but the separation effect is preferably reduced, so that the power consumption is reduced.
Considering the practical application of the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises a feeding system 80, the feeding system 80 comprising: a feed pump 81, the feed pump 81 being adapted to communicate with the feed tank 90; the frequency converter 82, the frequency converter 82 is connected with the feed pump 81; the feeding assembly 83, one end of the feeding assembly 83 is communicated with the feeding pump 81, and the other end of the feeding assembly 83 is communicated with the feeding port 14, so that the feeding pump 81 can feed the materials to be sorted in the feeding pool 90 into the spiral chute 10 through the feeding assembly 83; wherein the control system 70 is connected to a frequency converter 82.
In one embodiment, the feeding rate of the feeding system 80 also affects the sorting effect, and the control system 70 is connected to the frequency converter 82 of the feeding system 80 to adjust the feeding rate of the feeding system 80 accordingly according to the direction result obtained by the belt distribution image information.
In one embodiment, the frequency converter 82 directly controls the efficiency of the feed pump 81 to extract the material to be sorted from the feed tank 90 and the amount of feed to the spiral chute 10, so that the frequency converter 82 needs to be regulated by the control system 70 to achieve regulation control of the feed rate.
With respect to the specific structure of the feeding assembly 83, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding assembly 83 includes: a feeder 84, the feeding end of the feeder 84 being located above the feed inlet 14; a feeding pipe 85, wherein one end of the feeding pipe 85 is communicated with a feeding pump 81, and the other end of the feeding pipe 85 is communicated with a feeder 84; wherein, the feeding pipe 85 is provided with a flowmeter 86, and the flowmeter 86 is connected with the control system 70 to convey flow information to the control system 70.
In one embodiment, the feed assembly 83 is comprised of a feeder 84 and a feed tube 85, with the feed tube 85 being used to feed material to be sorted from the feed pump 81 to the feeder 84 and then through the feeder 84 to the spiral chute 10.
In one embodiment, the primary purpose of the flow meter 86 in connection with the control system 70 is to allow the controller to obtain the feed rate in real time and then adjust the magnetic field strength and feed rate after sorting the web profile information to ensure optimal sorting.
In one embodiment, the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus further comprises: the material cutting device 61, the material cutting device 61 is connected with the discharge port 15, the material cutting device 61 is provided with a plurality of material pipes 611, and the plurality of material pipes 611 and the discharge port 15 can be arranged on-off; and a light supplementing lamp 62, at least part of the light supplementing lamp 62 is located above the discharge hole 15, so as to provide a light source for the discharge hole 15. The cutter 61 is mainly used for feeding different material strips after sorting to specific receiving positions, and the light supplementing lamp 62 mainly ensures that the image acquisition part 60 has enough light sources when acquiring images.
In one embodiment, the number of the material pipes 611 is 3, the concentrate pipes, the middling pipes and the tailing pipes are sequentially arranged along the inner side of the spiral chute 10 and the outer side of the spiral chute 10, after zoning distribution is completed along the chute surface, the materials to be separated are discharged from the discharge hole 15 at the tail end of the spiral chute 10, and different ore zones are respectively discharged from the concentrate pipes, the middling pipes and the tailing pipes 4 by adjusting the ore distributing valves in the cutter 61.
In one embodiment, the image capturing section 60 may be a camera, the control terminal 71 is a control PC, the solid line in fig. 1 is a material line, the broken line is a monitoring signal line, and the feed pump 81 is a feed screw pump.
For one specific embodiment of the composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3:
the mineral separation equipment based on the composite magnetic field is fine-grained metal ore separation equipment based on the composite force field, the equipment realizes separation of fine-grained minerals under the gravity field, the centrifugal force field and the magnetic field, improves the recovery rate of high-density fine grains, greatly reduces the inclusion of gangue particles in a magnetic group by introducing a design of a grid (a stop part 40) on a groove surface, improves the taste of concentrate, reduces the pollution of fine mud to the concentrate and improves the desliming effect by adding a multi-section water supplementing pipe (a flushing pipe 50) on the inner side surface of a chute. In addition, the sorting equipment is also provided with a set of control system, and the system is based on an image analysis technology of machine vision and can intelligently control the feeding speed, electromagnetic coil current and other operation parameters according to the distribution condition of the mine belt of the trough surface.
In this embodiment, the control system includes: an electromagnet, a light supplementing lamp 62, a camera (image acquisition part 60), a feeding flowmeter (flowmeter 86), a feeding screw pump frequency converter (frequency converter 82), a control PC (control end 71) and an excitation current controller 72.
In this embodiment, the excitation current controller 72 can respectively control the excitation currents in different electromagnets, and the control range of the excitation currents is 0A-20A; the cross section of the grating is provided with three sides, one side is attached to the groove surface, the range of the included angle between the corresponding side of the windward side and the groove surface is (0, 90), and the other side is perpendicular to the groove surface; the water flushing pipe has a plurality of sections, the length and the number of the sections can be designed into different values according to the requirement, the water flushing pipe is attached to the inner side of the spiral chute, and the water outlet angle is inclined downwards.
In this embodiment, the ore cutter (the cutter 61) is internally provided with an ore separating valve, and the ore separating valve can control the cutting positions of the trough surface concentrate, middlings and tailings.
In this embodiment, the sorting process of the sorting apparatus is as follows: the material to be sorted enters the feeder 84 through the feed pipe 85, and the feeder 84 feeds the material to be sorted to the spiral chute groove surface. The feeding material moves along the groove surface and is longitudinally layered firstly, coarse and heavy particles tend to be distributed on the lower layer in the process, and light and fine particles are mainly distributed on the upper layer; in the process of continuing to make spiral movement downwards along the groove surface, the friction force between the light fine particles and the groove surface is small, and fluid flowing inwards is brought to the inner side of the cross section of the spiral chute; the friction force between the coarse and heavy particles and the groove surface is large and is mainly distributed on the outer side. When passing through a magnetic field area formed by the electromagnet, the magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to overall inward magnetic force, so that the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute, the zonal distribution trend of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles and gangue particles along the chute groove surface is enhanced, and the recovery rate of the magnetic or weak magnetic fine particles in the concentrate is improved; when the material encounters the lattice bars in the process of moving along the groove surfaces of the spiral chute, magnetic groups formed by the action of the magnetic field in the material are loosened under the turbulence vortex formed by the lattice bars and the falling action from the surfaces of the lattice bars to the groove surfaces, and the mixed gangue particles are released and move along the groove surfaces again, so that zonation distribution is realized, and the pollution of gangue inclusion in the magnetic groups to concentrate is reduced.
A flushing pipe is arranged at the inner side of the spiral chute, so that fine mud moving to the inner side of the spiral chute in the separation process can be flushed to the outer side, and the content of the fine mud in concentrate is reduced; after the zonal distribution is completed along the groove surface, the materials are discharged from the tail end of the spiral chute, and different ore zones are respectively discharged from the concentrate pipe, the middling pipe and the tailing pipe by adjusting the partial ore valves in the ore cutter.
During normal separation, the distribution positions of concentrate, middling and tailings on the trough surface are in a reasonable range, the reasonable range is used as a set value for trough surface ore zone control, and if the reasonable range deviates from the range, relevant operation parameters are adjusted; in the sorting process, a camera transmits a chute surface ore belt distribution picture to a control PC in real time, the control PC quantitatively analyzes the transmitted ore belt distribution picture to obtain accurate positions of the chute surfaces where concentrate, middling and tailings are located, the accurate positions are compared with a setting range of ore belt distribution, and if the ore belt position is processed in the setting range, the control PC does not send a control signal; otherwise, the control PC sends an action signal to the feed screw pump frequency converter and the excitation current controller 72 to adjust the feed rate and the magnetic field intensity, thereby changing the distribution condition of the trough surface ore strips.
In this embodiment, the exciting current controller 72 is adjusted so that the exciting currents of the four electromagnetic coils in fig. 1 are 5A, 3A and 5A respectively, and when the feeding material passes through the magnetic field area formed by the electromagnet, the magnetic or weak magnetic particles are subjected to the overall inward magnetic force, so that the distribution area of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles is closer to the inner side of the spiral chute, the zonal distribution trend of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles and gangue particles along the chute groove surface is enhanced, and the recovery rate of the magnetic or weak magnetic particles in the concentrate is improved. When the material encounters the lattice in the process of moving along the groove surface of the spiral chute, the magnetic groups formed by the magnetic field in the lattice material are loosened under the turbulence vortex formed by the lattice and the falling effect from the surface of the lattice to the groove surface, wherein the mingled gangue particles are released and move along the groove surface again, so that zonation distribution is realized.
In the embodiment, a flushing pipe is arranged at the inner side of the spiral chute, fine mud moving to the inner side of the spiral chute in the separation process can be flushed to the outer side, the content of fine mud in concentrate is reduced, and the water quantity of the flushing pipe is 0.5m 3 /h; after the zonal distribution is completed along the groove surface, the materials are discharged from the tail end of the spiral chute.
In this embodiment, a plurality of groups of electromagnetic coils (magnetic systems 20) are arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral chute 10, the iron cores 21 of the electromagnetic coils are in a C shape, the iron cores 21 span across the bottom and the side surfaces of the spiral chute, two ends of the iron cores 21 respectively correspond to the inner side and the outer side of the spiral chute, the iron cores are in a fan shape when seen from a top view, one end near the inner side of the spiral chute is obviously narrower than one end near the outer side of the spiral chute, so that a magnetic field formed near the groove surface of the spiral chute has the characteristic of large gradient near the inner side of the spiral chute, and magnetic or weak magnetic particles are favorable for moving towards the inner side of the spiral chute.
In this embodiment, the electromagnetic coils may be arranged such that the magnetic field lines formed by the coils are not parallel to the spiral chute faces, but are at an angle.
In this embodiment, the inclined plane of the lattice bars is a flow-facing surface, the lattice bars are arranged on the groove surface at a certain distance behind the electromagnetic coil, and the number and the spacing can be designed according to the needs.
According to the mineral sorting equipment based on the composite magnetic field, the electromagnet is provided as the magnetic field, the exciting current and the number of the opening coils can be conveniently adjusted, and automatic or intelligent control is conveniently realized; the grooves are provided with the grid bars, the grid bars are arranged on the grooves at a certain distance behind the electromagnetic coil, the number and the interval can be designed according to the needs, the design of the grid bars can loosen magnetic groups generated by a magnetic field, the inclusion of the magnetic groups on gangue particles is eliminated, and the taste of concentrate is improved; the automatic control system based on machine vision realizes automatic regulation and control of feeding speed, magnetic field intensity and arrangement position (realized by determining which electromagnetic coil or coils are electrified). A plurality of sections of flushing pipes are arranged along the inner side of the spiral chute, the flushing pipes are attached to the inner side of the spiral chute, and the flushing ports are inclined downwards, so that the pollution of fine mud to concentrate can be reduced.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and example embodiments be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. A mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field, comprising:
a spiral chute (10);
a magnetic system (20), at least part of the magnetic system (20) is positioned below part of the spiral chute (10), and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic system (20) acting on the spiral chute (10) is gradually weakened from the inner side of the spiral chute (10) to the outer side of the spiral chute (10);
a preset included angle is formed between the magnetic force lines of the magnetic system (20) and the groove surface of the spiral chute (10), the preset included angle is an acute angle, and the magnetic force lines are inclined upwards relative to the groove surface of the spiral chute (10);
the number of the magnetic systems (20) is plural.
2. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of extension of at least part of the magnetic system (20) coincides with the direction of extension of the inner side of the spiral chute (10) towards the outer side of the spiral chute (10).
3. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner surface of the spiral chute (10) comprises a spiral chute bottom surface (11) and a spiral chute inner side surface (12) and a spiral chute outer side surface (13) connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface (11);
wherein the projection of the part of the inner side surface (12) of the spiral chute on the magnetic system (20) below the inner side surface is positioned inside the magnetic system (20).
4. A mineral sorting apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection of the portion of the outer side (13) of the spiral chute onto the magnetic system (20) located therebelow is located inside the magnetic system (20).
5. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetic system (20) is an electromagnet comprising:
a core (21);
-a coil (22), said coil (22) being wound on said core (21) for receiving an electric current;
wherein, the width of one end of the iron core (21) near the inner side of the spiral chute (10) is smaller than the width of the other end of the iron core (21) near the outer side of the spiral chute (10), so that the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet acting on the spiral chute (10) gradually weakens from the inner side of the spiral chute (10) to the outer side of the spiral chute (10).
6. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that the width of the iron core (21) gradually expands from one end near the inside of the spiral chute (10) to the other end near the outside of the spiral chute (10).
7. The composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the iron core (21) comprises:
-a body section (211), said body section (211) being located below a portion of the spiral chute (10), said coil (22) being wound on said body section (211);
the first bending section (212) is connected with one end of the main body section (211), and the first bending section (212) is positioned on the inner side of the spiral chute (10).
8. The composite magnetic field-based mineral separation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first bending section (212) is a first L-shaped section body, the first bending section (212) having a first U-shaped cavity between the main body section (211);
wherein the end of the first bending section (212) is arranged opposite to the spiral chute (10).
9. The composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the iron core (21) further comprises:
the second bending section (213) is connected with the other end of the main body section (211) far away from the first bending section (212), and the second bending section (213) is positioned at the outer side of the spiral chute (10);
wherein the width of one end of the main body section (211) connected with the first bending section (212) is smaller than the width of the other end of the main body section (211) connected with the second bending section (213).
10. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 9, characterized in that the first bending section (212) is arranged opposite to the second bending section (213), the second bending section (213) being a second L-shaped section body, a second U-shaped cavity being provided between the second bending section (213) and the main section (211);
wherein the end of the second bending section (213) is arranged opposite to the spiral chute (10).
11. The composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:
the support (30), the support (30) comprises a supporting frame (31) and a supporting rod (32) arranged in the middle of the supporting frame (31), and the spiral chute (10) is arranged around the supporting rod (32);
wherein a plurality of the magnetic systems (20) are arranged on the support rod (32) at intervals.
12. The composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:
and the stopping part (40) is arranged inside the spiral chute (10) and is used for being contacted with materials to be separated, which move along the spiral chute (10).
13. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 12, characterized in that the inner surface of the spiral chute (10) comprises a spiral chute bottom surface (11) and a spiral chute inner side surface (12) and a spiral chute outer side surface (13) connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface (11), and the stopper (40) is a bar rod connected to the spiral chute inner side surface (12) and the spiral chute outer side surface (13).
14. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 12, characterized in that the number of stops (40) is a plurality, the plurality of stops (40) being arranged along the extension direction of the spiral chute (10).
15. The composite magnetic field based mineral separation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:
and the flushing pipe (50) is arranged on the spiral chute (10) and is used for feeding water flow into the materials to be separated on the spiral chute (10).
16. The mineral separation apparatus based on a composite magnetic field according to claim 15, characterized in that the inner surface of the spiral chute (10) comprises a spiral chute bottom surface (11), and a spiral chute inner side surface (12) and a spiral chute outer side surface (13) connected to both ends of the spiral chute bottom surface (11), the water outlet of the flushing pipe (50) is located on the spiral chute inner side surface (12), and the center line of the water outlet is arranged obliquely downward to the spiral chute bottom surface (11).
17. The composite magnetic field-based mineral separation apparatus of claim 15, wherein the flushing pipes (50) are plural, and the plurality of flushing pipes (50) are arranged along the extending direction of the spiral chute (10).
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