CN110251846B - Special positioner of tumour radiotherapy - Google Patents
Special positioner of tumour radiotherapy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110251846B CN110251846B CN201910588194.4A CN201910588194A CN110251846B CN 110251846 B CN110251846 B CN 110251846B CN 201910588194 A CN201910588194 A CN 201910588194A CN 110251846 B CN110251846 B CN 110251846B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
- A61N2005/1051—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using an active marker
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy, which effectively solves the problems of inconvenience, inaccuracy and easy error of line drawing by hand; the technical proposal for solving the problem is that the device comprises a cylindrical hollow shell; a graduated scale is arranged on the shell, a lead screw penetrates through the center of the shell, a ratchet wheel is sleeved on the lead screw, a pawl is arranged on the shell, a positioning disc capable of moving up and down is sleeved on the lead screw, a supporting disc is connected below the positioning disc through a plurality of connecting rods, and a cross-shaped stamp is arranged on the lower end face of the supporting disc; the bottom surface of the shell is provided with a cross-shaped opening; two square box bodies which are symmetrical left and right are hinged below the sleeve, and an adsorption layer is arranged on each box body; a hollow expansion plate which can expand along the box body is arranged on the inner side surface of each box body, and a plurality of spray heads communicated with the interior of the expansion plate are arranged on the upper end surface of the expansion plate; a pipeline is connected between the box body and the chamber; after the expansion plate is compressed, liquid in the cavity can flow from the spray head to the adsorption layer, and the portability and the accuracy of positioning and line drawing are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tumor treatment, in particular to a positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy.
Background
Radiotherapy is radiotherapy, which means to eliminate focus with ray and is a kind of physical therapy for tumor. Radiation therapy, as an important means of treating malignant tumors, can produce better results for many cancers. However, when the radiation kills tumor cells, it inevitably damages normal tissues or organs. In order to effectively kill tumor cells and reduce the damage to normal tissues and organs as much as possible, the skin of the radiation area is marked by ink after positioning so that a worker can accurately operate the radiation treatment process. At present, a doctor manually draws a line towards laser in radiotherapy positioning and drawing.
Manual line drawing needs to have certain experience, and when line drawing is performed, a hand or a line drawing pen can block a laser positioning line, so that the line drawing cannot be accurately performed by facing to laser; meanwhile, as the skin of a human body has a certain radian and is relatively slippery, the pen point is easy to slip; meanwhile, due to the reasons of shaking hands and the like, the straightness of the line drawn by the medical staff is not enough, and the like.
At present, compact equipment for assisting line drawing exists, but the equipment is expensive to counterfeit, and part of hospitals are not configured in place, or manual line drawing is mainly used, so that an accurate and rapid radiotherapy positioning device is urgently needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, the invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and the invention aims to provide the special positioning device for tumor radiotherapy, which can effectively solve the problems of inconvenience, inaccuracy, error and the like in hand-holding line drawing before tumor radiotherapy.
The technical proposal for solving the problem is that the device comprises a cylindrical hollow shell; a round scale is arranged on the upper end face of the shell, an upper baffle plate and a lower baffle plate are arranged in the shell, a sleeve coaxial with the shell is arranged between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, the inner wall side of the shell and the outer wall of the sleeve form a closed cavity; a vertical lead screw penetrates through the center of the shell, the lead screw can rotate and reset, and the lower end of the lead screw is arranged in the sleeve; the lead screw is fixedly sleeved with a ratchet wheel, and the shell is provided with a pawl for controlling the ratchet wheel;
the screw rod positioned in the sleeve is sleeved with a positioning disc, and the screw rod rotates the positioning disc to move up and down along the sleeve; the lower part of the positioning disc is connected with a supporting disc through a plurality of connecting rods; the supporting disc is positioned below the lower end of the screw rod; the lower end face of the supporting plate is provided with a cross-shaped stamp; the bottom surface of the shell is provided with a cross-shaped opening corresponding to the seal;
two square box bodies which are symmetrical left and right are hinged below the sleeve, and an adsorption layer is arranged on the upper end surface of each box body; the square box body can swing and reset to a horizontal inward state, a hollow expansion plate which can expand and contract along the box body is arranged on the inner side surface of each box body, and a plurality of spray heads communicated with the interior of the expansion plate are arranged on the upper end surface of the expansion plate; a pipeline is connected between the box body and the chamber; after the expansion plate is compressed, the liquid in the cavity can flow from the spray head to the adsorption layer.
The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, ingenious structure, low cost, convenient manufacture, safety and effectiveness, greatly improves the portability and the accuracy of positioning and line drawing, and improves the speed and the line drawing quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional perspective view ii of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the matching relationship of the knob, the lead screw, the stamp, the connecting rod and the positioning plate.
Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a top sectional view of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention comprises a cylindrical hollow housing 1; a round graduated scale 2 is arranged on the upper end face of a shell 1, an upper baffle plate and a lower baffle plate 3 are arranged in the shell 1, a sleeve 4 coaxial with the shell 1 is arranged between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate 3, and a closed chamber 5 is formed by the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate 3, the inner wall side of the shell 1 and the outer side wall of the sleeve 4; a vertical screw 6 penetrates through the center of the shell 1, the screw 6 can rotate and reset, and the lower end of the screw 6 is arranged in the sleeve 4; a ratchet wheel 7 is fixedly sleeved on the screw rod 6, and a pawl 8 for controlling the ratchet wheel 7 is arranged on the shell 1;
the lead screw 6 positioned in the sleeve 4 is sleeved with a positioning disc 9, and the lead screw 6 rotates the positioning disc 9 to move up and down along the sleeve 4; the lower part of the positioning plate 9 is connected with a supporting plate 10 through a plurality of connecting rods; the supporting disk 10 is positioned below the lower end of the screw rod 6; a cross-shaped stamp 11 is arranged on the lower end face of the supporting plate 10; a cross-shaped opening 12 corresponding to the seal 11 is formed on the bottom surface of the shell 1;
two square box bodies 13 which are symmetrical left and right are hinged below the sleeve 4, and the upper end surfaces of the box bodies 13 are provided with adsorption layers 14; the square box bodies 13 can swing and reset to a horizontal inward state, a hollow expansion plate 15 which can expand and contract along the box bodies 13 is arranged on the inner side surface of each box body 13, and a plurality of spray heads 16 communicated with the interior of the expansion plate 15 are arranged on the upper end surface of the expansion plate 15; a pipeline 17 is connected between the box body 13 and the chamber 5; after compression of the expansion plate 15, the liquid in the chamber 5 can pass from the spray head 16 onto the adsorption layer 14.
For more intelligent positioning, four photoelectric sensors 18 are uniformly distributed on the upper end surface of the shell 1, and the photoelectric sensors 18 control the buzzer through a PLC control circuit; when the four photosensors 18 are illuminated at the same time, the buzzer sounds; while the orientation of the four photosensors 18 corresponds to the cross at the opening 12.
In order to facilitate the rotation of the screw rod 6 and the resetting of the screw rod 6, a knob 20 is installed at the upper end of the screw rod 6, and a first torsion spring 19 is sleeved on the screw rod 6; meanwhile, the pawl 8 for controlling the rotation of the ratchet wheel 7 is in a pin shape, and the inner end of the pin is in a wedge shape matched with the tooth shape of the ratchet wheel 7; a pressure spring which can enable the pin to reset inwards is sleeved on the pin; the outer ends of the pins are placed outside the housing 1.
In order to better compress the telescopic plates 15, grooves 21 are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod which can be contacted with the left telescopic plate and the right telescopic plate 15; a plurality of grooves 21 are uniformly distributed from top to bottom; the inner end of the telescopic plate 15 can be caught in the groove 21.
In order to realize the compression of the retractable plate 15, when the stamp 11 descends, the box body 13 and the retractable plate 15 are pushed to a state of inclining downwards,
in order to realize liquid spraying, a one-way valve 22 is arranged on the pipeline 17, a plurality of channels 23 which are sequentially arranged in the front and the back are arranged in the telescopic plate 15, and each channel 23 is communicated with one spray head 16; a wedge-shaped stopper 24 is installed in the channel 23, a spherical body 25 is arranged on the inner side of the stopper 24, a pressure spring is connected between the spherical body 25 and the inner wall of the expansion plate 15, and the spherical body 25 extrudes the stopper 24 to close the channel 23 through the pressure spring.
In order to realize the hinging of the box body 13, two positioning rods 26 which are bilaterally symmetrical and are arranged in the front-back direction are arranged in the shell body 1, the outer end of the box body 13 is sleeved on the positioning rods 26, and a second torsion spring 27 is connected between the positioning rods 26 and the box body 13.
In order to facilitate the movement of the entire device over the skin, a plurality of balls 28 are distributed around the bottom circumference of the housing 1.
In order to add the line-drawing medicament, the line-drawing medicament is placed in the chamber 5, and a plug 29 communicated with the chamber 5 is arranged on the side wall of the shell 1.
In order to reduce the matching friction between the screw 6 and the positioning plate 9, a screw nut matched with the screw 6 is fixedly sleeved in the positioning plate 9, and the screw nut and the screw 6 are matched through steel balls.
For the convenience of adsorption, the adsorption layer 14 is made of sponge or cotton cloth.
When the device is used, the plug 29 is firstly opened, the line drawing medicament is added into the cavity 5, and the line drawing medicament generally adopts gentian violet solution. Then alright in order to rotate knob 20 clockwise, make knob 20 drive lead screw 6 and rotate, lead screw 6 rotates, can drive ratchet 7 and rotate, because install first torsion spring 19 between lead screw 6 and the casing 1, consequently first torsion spring 19 can be twisted, simultaneously because pawl 8 card is on ratchet 7, consequently lead screw 6 can not anticlockwise rotate.
After the screw 6 rotates, the positioning plate 9 can only move up and down along the sleeve 4 at the same time due to the connection mode of the screw nut between the screw 6 and the positioning plate 9; the positioning disc 9 and the inner side wall of the sleeve 4 are matched in a key and key way mode. Therefore, after the screw rod 6 rotates clockwise, the positioning plate 9 moves upward, and simultaneously the connecting rod drives the supporting plate 10 to move upward, so that the stamp 11 located on the lower end face of the supporting plate 10 also moves upward, and the stamp 11 moves upward and is placed in the housing 1.
Because the left box body 13 and the right box body 13 are positioned below the sleeve 4, when the stamp 11 moves downwards, the left box body 13 and the right box body 13 can be stirred to rotate, which is similar to a double door; the box body 13 and the expansion plate 15 in the box body 13 are simultaneously in a state of inclining downwards; similarly, after the stamp 11 moves upward, at this time, because the connecting rod is provided with the groove 21, the inner end of the expansion plate 15 is placed in the groove 21, after the connecting rod moves upward along with the positioning plate 9, the connecting rod can drive the box body 13 on the left side to swing counterclockwise (the symmetrical relationship between the right side and the left side, which is not described in detail), in the swinging process, because the groove 21 rises, the expansion plate 15 can receive extrusion and stretch leftward, when the expansion plate 15 presses leftward, the liquid medicine inside the box body 13 is compressed, and the pipe 17 is provided with the check valve 22, so that the liquid medicine can only flow out from the plurality of pipes 17 on the right side of the expansion plate 15, and push the spherical body 25 to move rightward, and finally spray out from the spray head 16 (the principle of spraying medicine at the position is consistent with that of most of.
The sprayed liquid medicine can be sprayed on the adsorption layer 14, and after the positioning plate 9 continues to move up and down, the stamp 11 can be finally placed above the box body 13, namely above the adsorption layer 14; knob 20 may not be rotated at this time.
When marking is needed, the CT machine or other tools are used for projecting laser at first, then the device is held by hands, and the device can be operated by one hand or two hands. After the device is held, the ball 28 at the bottom of the device is placed on the skin, and then the position of the device is adjusted so that the laser projected cross line exactly corresponds to the four positions 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° on the dial of the upper end face of the housing 1, and the four positions also exactly correspond to the cross-shaped opening 12 at the bottom, so that the cross of the laser now corresponds to the cross of the opening 12 at the bottom, and to the cross of the stamp 11. Because the upper end face of the device is provided with the four photoelectric sensors 18, when the lines of the laser cross are simultaneously irradiated on the four photoelectric sensors 18, the buzzer corresponding to the photoelectric sensors 18 can make a sound, and the prompting position is well corresponded.
When the positions are matched, the whole device is kept still, and the pawl 8 is pulled outwards at the same time, so that the ratchet wheel 7 is not controlled any more, and the lead screw 6 rotates anticlockwise under the action of the first torsion spring 19; after the screw rod 6 rotates anticlockwise, the positioning disc 9 descends; the supporting plate 10 is driven to descend through the connecting rod, after the supporting plate 10 descends, the stamp 11 on the lower end face of the supporting plate 10 can extrude the box body 13, and meanwhile, as the adsorption layer 14 is attached to the box body 13, the adsorption layer 14 is previously adsorbed with the scribing agent; therefore, the stamp 11 is stained with the marking agent during the pressing of the stamp 11 against the case 13.
When the support plate 10 drives the stamp 11 to move downwards continuously, the stamp 11 pushes the box body 13 to separate, so that the box body 13 is in a downward inclined state; stamp 11 will then protrude through a cross-shaped opening 12 in the bottom of housing 1 and stamp 11 on the skin.
The whole process is driven by the first torsion spring 19, so that the process is fast, can be finished within two to three seconds, and cannot generate deviation; after the cross mark is covered on the skin, the whole device can be taken away; and the previous steps can be repeated again for the next marking.
Through the opening at the bottom of the shell, when the seal is marked on the skin, only the cross-shaped mark price is left, and other interference lines cannot be generated.
The device changes the traditional marking by using a line drawing pen; the mode of using the seal 11 is changed, and the cross mark can be simply, quickly and accurately printed on the skin by pressing; the conditions that the drawn line is not straight and the two lines are not vertical can not be generated; meanwhile, the condition of line drawing deviation caused by skin wet and slippery can be effectively avoided; the whole seal has proper descending speed, does not cause discomfort to human bodies, and can quickly finish printing.
The device has the advantages that the graduated scale 2 and the photoelectric sensor 18 are arranged at the upper end of the shell 1 to play a role in positioning; meanwhile, the opening 12 at the bottom of the shell 1 corresponds to the position of the upper end; after the upper end of the shell 1 corresponds to the laser, the lower end of the shell 1 naturally and automatically corresponds to the laser by manually rotating the shell 1; the corresponding mode is simple, the operation can be finished by one hand of medical personnel without the assistance of a complex support frame.
The device adopts the rest movable stamp 11 to realize the printing of the mark; meanwhile, the whole device does not need extra power and complex precise instruments; semi-automatic marking can be realized only by rotating the knob 20 before use and pulling the pawl 8 after the corresponding operation is finished, and the marking device is simple, practical and quick; meanwhile, by matching with the swinging of the upper box body 13 and the automatic spraying of the medicament, the seal 11 can keep consistent with the medicament for drawing lines; the mark of each time is clear and complete.
The device is convenient to operate, ingenious in structure, low in cost, convenient to manufacture, safe and effective, greatly improves the portability and safety of positioning and line drawing, and improves the speed and the line drawing quality.
Claims (9)
1. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy comprises a cylindrical hollow shell (1), and is characterized in that a round scale (2) is arranged on the upper end face of the shell (1), an upper baffle plate and a lower baffle plate (3) are arranged in the shell (1), a sleeve (4) coaxial with the shell (1) is arranged between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate (3), and a closed cavity (5) is formed by the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate (3), the inner wall side of the shell (1) and the outer wall of the sleeve (4); a vertical lead screw (6) penetrates through the center of the shell (1), the lead screw (6) can rotate and reset, and the lower end of the lead screw (6) is arranged in the sleeve (4); a ratchet wheel (7) is fixedly sleeved on the screw rod (6), and a pawl (8) for controlling the ratchet wheel (7) is arranged on the shell (1);
a positioning disc (9) is sleeved on the lead screw (6) positioned in the sleeve (4), and the lead screw (6) rotates the positioning disc (9) and can move up and down along the sleeve (4); the lower part of the positioning disc (9) is connected with a supporting disc (10) through a plurality of connecting rods; the support disc (10) is positioned below the lower end of the screw rod (6); the lower end face of the supporting plate (10) is provided with a cross-shaped stamp (11); a cross-shaped opening (12) corresponding to the seal (11) is formed on the bottom surface of the shell (1);
two square box bodies (13) which are symmetrical left and right are hinged below the sleeve (4), and the upper end surface of each box body (13) is provided with an adsorption layer (14); the square box bodies (13) can swing and reset to a horizontal inward state, a hollow expansion plate (15) which can expand along the box bodies (13) is arranged on the inner side surface of each box body (13), and a plurality of spray heads (16) communicated with the interior of the expansion plate (15) are arranged on the upper end surface of the expansion plate (15); a pipeline (17) is connected between the box body (13) and the chamber (5); after the expansion plate (15) is compressed, the liquid in the chamber (5) can be sprayed onto the adsorption layer (14) from the spray head (16);
four photoelectric sensors (18) are uniformly distributed on the upper end surface of the shell (1) in the circumferential direction, and the photoelectric sensors (18) control the buzzer through a PLC control circuit; when the four photoelectric sensors (18) are simultaneously irradiated, the buzzer makes a sound; while the orientation of the four photosensors (18) corresponds to the cross at the opening (12).
2. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the screw (6) is provided with a knob (20), and the screw (6) is sleeved with a first torsion spring (19); meanwhile, a pawl (8) for controlling the ratchet wheel (7) to rotate is in a pin shape, and the inner end of the pin is in a wedge shape matched with the tooth shape of the ratchet wheel (7); a pressure spring which can enable the pin to reset inwards is sleeved on the pin; the outer end of the pin is arranged on the outer side of the shell (1).
3. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer side surfaces of the left and right connecting rods capable of contacting with the left and right expansion plates (15) are provided with grooves (21); the grooves (21) are uniformly distributed in a plurality from top to bottom; the inner end of the expansion plate (15) can be clamped in the groove (21).
4. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy according to claim 1, wherein after the stamp (11) is lowered, the box body (13) and the expansion plate (15) are pushed to a state of being inclined downwards.
5. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conduit (17) is provided with a one-way valve (22), the interior of the expansion plate (15) is provided with a plurality of channels (23) which are sequentially arranged from front to back, and each channel (23) is communicated with one spray head (16); a wedge-shaped stop block (24) is installed in the channel (23), a spherical body (25) is arranged on the inner side of the stop block (24), a pressure spring is connected between the spherical body (25) and the inner wall of the expansion plate (15), and the pressure spring enables the spherical body (25) to extrude the stop block (24) to close the channel (23).
6. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy as claimed in claim 1, wherein two positioning rods (26) are installed in the housing (1) and are bilaterally symmetric and placed in the front-back direction, the outer end of the box body (13) is sleeved on the positioning rods (26), and a second torsion spring (27) is connected between the positioning rods (26) and the box body (13).
7. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy of claim 1, wherein a plurality of balls (28) are uniformly distributed on the bottom circumference of the housing (1).
8. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy according to claim 1, wherein the line drawing medicament is placed inside the chamber (5), and a plug (29) communicated with the chamber (5) is installed on the side wall of the shell (1).
9. The positioning device special for tumor radiotherapy as claimed in claim 1, wherein a screw (6) nut matched with the screw (6) is fixedly sleeved in the positioning plate (9), and the screw (6) nut and the screw (6) are matched through steel balls.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910588194.4A CN110251846B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Special positioner of tumour radiotherapy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910588194.4A CN110251846B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Special positioner of tumour radiotherapy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110251846A CN110251846A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110251846B true CN110251846B (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910588194.4A Active CN110251846B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Special positioner of tumour radiotherapy |
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| CN (1) | CN110251846B (en) |
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| JPH0326278A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-02-04 | Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | Method for controlling positioning device for radiotherapy plan |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110251846A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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