CN110250184A - 一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物 - Google Patents

一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物 Download PDF

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CN110250184A
CN110250184A CN201910652825.4A CN201910652825A CN110250184A CN 110250184 A CN110250184 A CN 110250184A CN 201910652825 A CN201910652825 A CN 201910652825A CN 110250184 A CN110250184 A CN 110250184A
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celastrus angulatus
conotoxin
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卓懋百
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Changle Yuanming Industrial Design Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/10Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素,苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为,1:1‑20:1。本发明通过将苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素配伍在特定的比例下发现具有很好的协同防治花蓟马的作用,特别是在苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为12:1‑13:1之间,其协同效果非常的明显。

Description

一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种药剂,具体是一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,属于农业技术领域。
背景技术
害虫防治中常面临的问题是:如何使农药中的活性成分剂量降低以降低或避免不利的环 境或毒性效应,而要求仍能有效地防治农业有害生物。其二,避免频繁和单一地使用某一农 药品种,以免造成抗性害虫或病原体的快速选择。在以增效、扩谱、兼治为最大特点的农药 复配制剂中使用具有增效作用的不同作用机理的杀虫剂进行复配,既胿降低各有效成分的剂 量,又能用于抗性害虫的治理或者延缓抗性的产生,是解决害虫防治中上述两个问题的重要途径之一。
苦皮藤的根皮和茎皮均含有多种强力杀虫成分,目前已从根皮或种子中分离鉴定出数十个新化合物 ,特别是从种油中获得 4个结晶,即苦皮藤酯I一Ⅳ、从根皮中获得5个纯天然产物,即苦皮藤素I—V。这些苦皮藤重的杀虫活性成分均简称为苦皮藤素。苦皮藤素的杀虫活性成分从苦皮藤中分离、鉴定出具有拒食活性的化合物Celangulin,可以认为是该植物杀虫化学成分研究的一个里程碑。
芋螺毒素(conotoxin或conopeptide,或CTX),由海洋腹足纲软体动物芋螺(Conus)的毒液管和毒囊内壁的毒腺所分泌,由许多单一毒肽组成的鸡尾酒样的混合毒素,主要成分是一些对不同离子通道及神经受体高专一性的活性多肽化合物。每种芋螺的毒液中可能含50~200个活性多肽。不同种芋螺所含活性肽各不相同,即使同种芋螺因海域不同,其毒素成分也可存在差别,理论上估计有5万多种不同活性肽存在于芋螺毒液中。芋螺毒素多数由10~40个氨基酸残基组成,富含两对或三对二硫键,是发现的最小核酸编码的动物神经毒素肽,也是二硫键密度最高的小肽,可作用于各种离子通道和受体的类型及亚型。
申请人发现苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素复配对于防治虫害具有协同增效的效果。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,它是将两种不同结构、 不同作用机理的成分进行配合,是扩大防治谱和提高药效的有效途径,更重要的是避免或延缓才虫类对新成份抗性的产生。为实现本发明的目的,发明人将苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素复配,用于防治虫害。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物包含两种主要有效成分:苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素。
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为,20:1-1:1.
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的1-30%。
本发明的杀虫剂组合物苦皮藤素和芋螺毒素在一定比例下对于单成分的苦皮藤素或芋螺毒素,具有协同增效作用,可提高防治花蓟马效果;含有非单一活性成分,不易产生抗药性。
具体实施方式
说明书中的芋螺毒素均为Ω-芋螺毒素,CAS号: 106375-28-4,南京肽业生物科技有限公司、南京莱昂生物科技有限公司等公司均有售。
实施例1
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 20:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例2
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 15:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例3
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 13:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例4
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 10:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例5
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 5:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例6
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 2:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例7
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 1:1,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例8
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 1:2,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
实施例9
苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为, 1:6,
所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量之和占除草剂总重量的11%,农乳500 4%; 乙醇3.8%;丙三醇2%;乙酸乙酯5%;丙酮2%;水余量。
增效作用生物检测
采用孙云沛(Sun Y-P)法,通过计算共毒系数(co-toxicity coefficient, CTC),评价本发明的杀虫剂组合物中两种活性成分的混用效果,具体如下:
评价标准:当CTC≥120,表现为增效作用;当CTC≤80,表现为拮抗 作用;80<CTC<120,表现为相加作用。
计算公式:
共毒系数(CTC)=[混剂实际毒力指数(ATI)/混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)] ×100
混剂实际毒力指数(ATI)=(标准药剂的LC50/混剂的LC50)×100
混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)=A剂的TI×混剂有效成分中A的含量+B剂 的TI×混剂有效成分中B的含量。
毒力指数(TI)=(标准药剂的LC50/供试药剂的LC50)×100(把A剂、 B剂中的一种作为标准药剂)
A剂、B剂分别为两种相混的活性成分,混剂为A剂和B剂相混后的混合物。
试验靶标:花蓟马(Frankliniella intonsaTrybom),在人工气候箱内使用 紫甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.)饲养多代,在体视显微镜下剔除卵壳、死亡和 老龄的花蓟马,并拭去污物,留下体色、大小一致的花蓟马成虫供测试用。
试验条件:温度:(25±1)℃,湿度:70%-80%,光照:L:D=(16: 8)h。
试验方法:参照《中华人民共和国农业行业标准N Y/T1154.6-2006》, 采用浸渍法。
药剂配制:分别准确称取混剂,每种混剂均用丙酮配置成母液,并用重量0.1%的吐温-80的水溶液将母液稀释成为具一定浓度梯度的系列药剂。
药剂处理:药剂处理:田间采集未受药的紫甘蓝叶,用水冲洗干净晾干,用剪刀剪成直径约为4㎝的圆片。按照浓度由低到高顺序分别将甘蓝小圆片浸入上述 不同浓度药剂中浸泡10s后取出,放在吸水纸上晾干。再将晾干的甘蓝小圆 片放入底部放有湿润滤纸的培养皿内(直径9㎝),每培养皿内用吸虫器移入花蓟马成虫30头,每处理重复4次,接虫后用保鲜膜封口,并扎眼保持 通风。另浸渍不含药剂的溶剂水溶液作为空白对照,最后移入人工气候箱中饲养。各处理在人工气候箱培养48h后,用双目解剖镜检查死亡情况,死亡的标准为虫体收缩、发黑、虫体翻转后不能活动濒临死亡的均判为死亡,分别记录总虫数和死虫数。采用几率值分析的方法对数据进行处理。统计数据 用DPS软件进行处理,求出毒力回归线的LC50,并用孙云沛法算出共毒系数,结果见表
A: 苦皮藤素,B:芋螺毒素
有效成分 ATI TTI CTC
A:B(30:1) 101.2 96.7 104.6
A:B(20:1) 90.5 88.4 102.4
A:B(15:1) 79.4 80.2 99.1
A:B(13:1) 193.8 75.9 255.3
A:B(12:1) 206.9 74.2 278.8
A:B(10:1) 74.2 70.1 105.8
A:B(5:1) 64.3 67.8 94.8
A:B(2:1) 57.4 60.3 95.2
A:B(1:1) 52.9 54.2 97.6
A:B(1:10) 40.7 38.4 105.9
如试验结果,当苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素重量比为12-13:1时,其共毒系数CTC大于200,说明两者按此比例混用时具有增效作用,其增效作用非常显著。
大田应用试验:田间防治花蓟马试验
以花蓟马为实验对象,以虫害发生最盛期进行施药,共施药1次,以施药前, 7天后调查花蓟马数量并计算
防治效果,防治效果按以下公式计算:
式中PT0:施药前,PT1:施药后,PT:药剂处理区,CK:空白对照区
有效成分 剂量(a.i.g/hm2) 防治效果(%)
A:B(30:1) 60 74.5
A:B(20:1) 60 72.3
A:B(15:1) 60 68.1
A:B(13:1) 60 95.9
A:B(12:1) 30 92.4
A:B(12:1) 60 96.6
A:B(10:1) 60 70.4
A:B(5:1) 60 58.6
A:B(1:1) 60 42.9
A:B(1:10) 60 22.6
A 60 69.1
B 60 19.4
可见苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素在重量比为13-12:1时,协同防治花蓟马效果非常的明显,而其他比例配比时效果不是很显著。

Claims (4)

1.一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,其特征在于,有效成分为苦皮藤素和芋螺毒素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,其特征在于,所述的苦皮藤素与芋螺毒素的重量份数之比为,20:1-1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物,其特征在于,所述杀虫剂组合物中还含有农药制剂辅助成分,以制成适合农业上使用的剂型。
4.如权利要求1所述的含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物在防治花蓟马方面的应用。
CN201910652825.4A 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 一种含苦皮藤素的杀虫剂组合物 Withdrawn CN110250184A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111909119A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-10 上海诗丹德标准技术服务有限公司 雷公藤来源化合物及其应用和制备方法、药物组合物、杀虫剂

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111909119A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-10 上海诗丹德标准技术服务有限公司 雷公藤来源化合物及其应用和制备方法、药物组合物、杀虫剂
CN111909119B (zh) * 2020-08-25 2023-06-16 上海诗丹德标准技术服务有限公司 雷公藤来源化合物及其应用和制备方法、药物组合物、杀虫剂

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