CN110250173A - 一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法 - Google Patents

一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110250173A
CN110250173A CN201910692700.4A CN201910692700A CN110250173A CN 110250173 A CN110250173 A CN 110250173A CN 201910692700 A CN201910692700 A CN 201910692700A CN 110250173 A CN110250173 A CN 110250173A
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sustained release
soft wax
lesser leafhopper
tea lesser
tea
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边磊
蔡晓明
罗宗秀
李兆群
辛肇军
陈宗懋
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Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01MCATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/02Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/08Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
    • A01N25/10Macromolecular compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/18Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02Acyclic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N49/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,包括如下步骤:S1、缓释载体制作:选取1.30%软蜡(范围调整中,液体石蜡比例可适当缩小),石蜡30g和液体石蜡70g,再60度以上温度下融化混匀,外观呈全透明。当温度降至约45度时开始呈雾状,但尚能流动。当温度约降至34度时开始不流动。常温下凝固;S2、选取粉末状抗氧化剂(添加物中若有易氧化组分,可选择添加)越细越好,至少能通过80目筛。与其它引诱剂相比,技术价格低廉、工艺成熟,具有广阔的产业化前景,由于制备方法简单,成本低廉,适合对茶园种植者进行推广应用。

Description

一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通过植物源信息化合物结合缓释载体进行害虫诱集的手段来防治害虫的技术领域,更具体地说,尤其涉及一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法。
背景技术
茶小绿叶蝉,半翅目,叶蝉科,俗称浮尘子、叶跳虫等,发生普遍,全国各产茶省、自治区均有发生,小绿叶蝉分为茶小绿叶蝉和假眼小绿叶蝉两种。其中以茶小绿叶蝉发生危害为主,是主要茶叶害虫之一。此虫一年发生8-12代左右,且世代交替。严重为害夏秋茶,受害茶树芽叶蜷缩、硬化、叶尖和叶缘红褐枯焦,芽梢生长缓慢,对茶叶产量和品质影响很大。
但是,茶小绿叶蝉对茶树危害大,目前非化学农药手段主要依靠色板的杀虫灯。叶蝉的活动范围通常有限,并且色板诱集的有效距离短,杀虫灯因为光线直线传播,茶园中茶树叶片密集部分光线难以到达,一般同领域叶蝉的引诱剂产品较多,但其他产品多采用橡胶头缓释,载量小,释放时间短,有污染,不适合大批量生产使用,为此,我们提出一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂及缓释诱芯制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂,包括以下原料组分:顺-3-己烯醇0.25-50份,顺-3-己烯醋酸酯6.4-320份,β-芳樟醇3.2-160份。
一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、缓释载体制作:选取1.30%软蜡,在60℃下融化混匀,外观呈全透明;当温度降至45℃时开始呈雾状,能流动;当温度降至34℃时开始不流动,常温下凝固;
S2、选取粉末状抗氧化剂过80目筛;
S3、载体颗粒:选取含硅量85%以上的硅藻土94g和质量分数20%琼脂水溶液20g,捏合成团状、饼状、颗粒状或者其他可塑形状,晒干或者烘干;
S4、缓释颗粒剂的制作:把载体颗粒和待缓释组分昆虫信息素溶液混匀,再加入粉末状抗氧化剂分散均匀;然后加入液体石蜡混匀,再加入白炭分散均匀。
优选的,在步骤S1中所述的软蜡为石蜡30g和液体石蜡70g。
优选的,在步骤S4中加入软蜡前先将软蜡用水浴或恒温箱加热融化至70℃趁热加入迅速混匀并在软蜡凝固前将白炭加入分散均匀。
优选的,在步骤S4中可针对释放快慢的需要,软蜡层可以不包也可以反复包衣多次。
优选的,在步骤S4中各种材料可斟酌调整。
优选的,对品质进行100%检查,区分好坏优劣。
本发明的技术效果和优点:
1、本发明引诱剂的成分主要是利用了茶树嫩叶和老叶之间的挥发物差异而筛选的,与其他同类产品挥发物成分不同,效果显著,并且挥发物可以传播很远的距离,可以无死角的影响叶蝉成虫,激发其活动增强,并且向味源聚集。
2、本发明的缓释载体是新研发的,本产品自行制作,形状和大小可塑,载量可调节,释放时间长,并且无污染,同时对改良土壤有益。
3、与其它引诱剂相比,技术价格低廉、工艺成熟,具有广阔的产业化前景,由于制备方法简单,成本低廉,适合对茶园种植者进行推广应用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂,包括以下原料组分:顺-3-己烯醇0.25-50份,顺-3-己烯醋酸酯6.4-320份,β-芳樟醇3.2-160份。
一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、缓释载体制作:选取1.30%软蜡,在60℃下融化混匀,外观呈全透明;当温度降至45℃时开始呈雾状,能流动;当温度降至34℃时开始不流动,常温下凝固;
S2、选取粉末状抗氧化剂过80目筛;
S3、载体颗粒:选取含硅量85%以上的硅藻土94g和质量分数20%琼脂水溶液20g,捏合成团状、饼状、颗粒状或者其他可塑形状,晒干或者烘干;
S4、缓释颗粒剂的制作:把载体颗粒和待缓释组分昆虫信息素溶液混匀,再加入粉末状抗氧化剂分散均匀;然后加入液体石蜡混匀,再加入白炭分散均匀。
优选的,在步骤S1中所述的软蜡为石蜡30g和液体石蜡70g。
优选的,在步骤S4中加入软蜡前先将软蜡用水浴或恒温箱加热融化至70℃趁热加入迅速混匀并在软蜡凝固前将白炭加入分散均匀。
优选的,在步骤S4中可针对释放快慢的需要,软蜡层可以不包也可以反复包衣多次。
优选的,在步骤S4中各种材料可斟酌调整。
优选的,对品质进行100%检查,区分好坏优劣。
一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,
试验于茶园中假眼小绿叶蝉爆发高峰期进行(9、10月份),地点为绍兴嵊州市明山茶厂有机茶园,试验中采用叶蝉成虫引诱剂诱芯,诱芯与黄色粘虫板结合使用作为试验处理,不悬挂诱芯的黄色粘虫板作为空白对照,试验开始后每隔3-4天(或1周)调查处理与对照粘虫板上假眼小绿叶蝉成虫的数量。处理与对照在田间随机排列,黄色粘虫板间距为8米,处理与对照皆为20个重复。
从表1中的调查数据可以看出,引诱剂诱芯结合黄色粘虫板对假眼小绿叶蝉成虫的诱集能力高于空白黄色粘虫板,统计学分析结果表明在引诱剂悬挂后第14天、第17天和第25天后,处理粘虫板与对照粘虫板之间具有显著差异。说明本发明中假眼小绿叶蝉成虫的引诱剂配方具有明显的引诱效果。
实验1引诱剂结合黄色粘虫板对叶蝉成虫的引诱效果(平均值±标准误)
实验2引诱剂结合黄色粘虫板对叶蝉成虫的引诱效果(平均值±标准误)
实验3引诱剂结合黄色粘虫板对叶蝉成虫的引诱效果(平均值±标准误)
综上所述:本发明提供的一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,与其它引诱剂相比,技术价格低廉、工艺成熟,具有广阔的产业化前景,由于制备方法简单,成本低廉,适合对茶园种植者进行推广应用。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、缓释载体制作:选取1.30%软蜡,在60℃下融化混匀,外观呈全透明;当温度降至45℃时开始呈雾状,能流动;当温度降至34℃时开始不流动,常温下凝固;
S2、选取粉末状抗氧化剂过80目筛;
S3、载体颗粒:选取含硅量85%以上的硅藻土94g和质量分数20%琼脂水溶液20g,捏合成团状、饼状、颗粒状或者其他可塑形状,晒干或者烘干;
S4、缓释颗粒剂的制作:把载体颗粒和待缓释组分昆虫信息素溶液混匀,再加入粉末状抗氧化剂分散均匀;然后加入液体石蜡混匀,再加入白炭分散均匀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤S1中所述的软蜡为石蜡30g和液体石蜡70g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤S4中加入软蜡前先将软蜡用水浴或恒温箱加热融化至70℃趁热加入迅速混匀并在软蜡凝固前将白炭加入分散均匀。
CN201910692700.4A 2018-10-09 2019-07-30 一种茶小绿叶蝉成虫引诱剂的缓释诱芯制备方法 Pending CN110250173A (zh)

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CN112956479A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-15 江苏丰裕生物科技有限公司 昆虫引诱剂及其控释系统与应用

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112956479A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-15 江苏丰裕生物科技有限公司 昆虫引诱剂及其控释系统与应用

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Application publication date: 20190920