CN1102478C - Crack welding and repairing process for ferrous metal parts - Google Patents
Crack welding and repairing process for ferrous metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN1102478C CN1102478C CN00120516A CN00120516A CN1102478C CN 1102478 C CN1102478 C CN 1102478C CN 00120516 A CN00120516 A CN 00120516A CN 00120516 A CN00120516 A CN 00120516A CN 1102478 C CN1102478 C CN 1102478C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a repair-welding method for repairing cracks of a ferrous metal, particularly to a crack repairing method for the ferrous metal. The present invention mainly solves the problem of the thermal stress produced in the process of repairing the cracks of the ferrous metal in a welding way. The method comprises the following steps that the treatment before welding is firstly segmented in the crack zone, and subsequently, the metal is melted and filled in a gradational way in the treatment; the melted and filled metal in each time is mechanically hammered, and the tensile stress formed by cooling and shrinking is eliminated by deformation; simultaneously, the compression stress with a weld face is preset for the next melted and filled metal until the repair-welding process of the crack is completed. The method can effectively prevent the stress deformation and the secondary crack generation of the welded component.
Description
The present invention relates to the method for repairing crack of ferrous metal parts, mainly solve its crackle and repair problem.
Ferrous metal parts mainly refers to the parts that cast iron, cast steel, forged steel are made.For example shell class parts such as engine cylinder-body, cylinder cap, booster housing, various axle class part, various frame and mould type components.When it cracked in manufacturing or use, existing repair method was difficult to guarantee the reliability of its postwelding spare.Existing crack welding and repairing process comprises pre-welding treatment, soldering crack defect, after welding treatment.Concrete repair method has following several:
Treat to melt sealing weld seam metal again after dribbleware is by whole or local large tracts of land heating.Purpose is to make to treat that dribbleware is heated the back pre-the expansion taken place, and synchronous in the hope of with molten high-temperature metal cooling of filling out the time reduces or eliminates weld residual stress.Though this method is commonly used, but be subjected to many restrictions on using, these restrictions are: whole heating or large tracts of land heating, usually its heating-up temperature reaches 500-600 ℃, can cause the distortion for the treatment of dribbleware, especially under the very little situation of allowance, be difficult to guarantee the size and the form and position tolerance of soldering part, so this method only is used for the soldering that blank is treated the dribbleware crackle.Therefore and the residual stress difference that forms must have long insulation cooling just can eliminate on the other hand, to treat that dribbleware is cooled to the thermograde difference of room temperature respectively big because of filler metal and heating.If crack size is bigger, treat that this method can produce secondary cracks equally under the thicker situation of dribbleware wall.
Behind the cleaning crack defect, take local strengthening measure, local strengthening measure mainly refers to the both ends or one end at crackle, connect reinforcement etc. by the prewelding reinforcement or by thick large part screw, the position base material of weld seam both sides is strengthened, to reduce the destruction that the weld seam postwelding cools off the tension that forms.Itself can not eliminate the residual stress of postwelding this method, just by reinforcement, weld stress is distributed in the bigger zone, and final process is long-time weathering to eliminate stress, if crackle is bigger, matrix is thicker, and this method effect reduces.
Residual stress is eliminated in the postwelding hammering, this is an ironcasting method commonly used, but traditional hammering is to all deep research of shortage system of frequency of time of the position of hammering, hammering and temperature, hammer force, hammering, this method that makes hammering eliminate stress has very big randomness, empirical, be difficult for grasping poor reliability.
Weld in proper order by adjusting filler metal, this method is by to after the concrete weld seam situation analysis, design segmentation or the crisscross molten order of filling out, purpose is to make the distribution straggly of welding stress direction, thereby reduce the stress value on the main direction of check, but can not eliminate stress equally, the secondary cracks tendency is same to be existed, and the stress value of stack may form the destruction of distortion or secondary cracks equally when especially weld seam was big.
Above-mentioned various repair method, the material of its filler metal are commercially available welding rod, also can be commercially available alloy powders.The machining moulding routinely of postwelding spare.
Reason to sum up, the key factor of control piece distortion and secondary cracks when eliminating welding stress and being soldering part crackle.Be often referred to for the weldment welding stress and be formed at the weld metal zone and the thermal stress of heat affected zone on every side, its stress characteristics is subjected to " drawing " after showing as the welding zone cooling.Investigating the thermal stress source mainly is made of three kinds of stress: first kind of stress is filler metal and matrix linkage interface different because of heat up different and material, thereby the difference of cooling constriction coefficient and the different formed interfacial stress of amount of contraction, also claim transition zone stress.The stress that second kind of stress forms when being filler metal cooling contraction itself.The third stress is that weld seam matrix side is cooled off the stress that forms when shrinking because of the heated plastic distortion.In this three parts stress, the stress maximum that the linkage interface district is born, this is because fusion tissue in interface has complexity on the one hand, both sides, interface thermograde maximum, and differing greatly of the constriction coefficient of two kinds of metals caused, on the other hand by the molten order of filling out of weld seam, the filler metal in back must carry out on the surface of a preceding filler metal, so stress that the molten metal cooling of filling out of each time is produced, all most of at last stack concentrates on the interface, when having stress to concentrate the intensity at position around supercoated stress surpasses its welding zone weak part or welding zone on the matrix, secondary cracks promptly takes place.
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of crack welding and repairing process of ferrous metal parts is provided, with the interfacial stress behind the better elimination filler metal, shrinkage stress with the cooling generation, also eliminate simultaneously most of welding zone matrix side thermal stress that cooling forms of being heated, make the weldment welding zone that melts after completing be in a kind of low stress or compressive stress state, repair method is easily grasped, good reliability.
The basis of this method is: be present in the thermal stress in the postwelding cracked zone in the weldment, major part is that distortion and the crackle form by tissue and structure shows; And the distortion of metal structure is the first step of stress performance, i.e. distortion by metal structure can change its stress state.By this principle, if can before each layer metal, impose the opposite compression of stress direction when the surface to be welded tissue is interior to be shunk with filler metal in each section of molten sealing weld seam, can make draw, compression constantly cancels out each other, to reduce significantly or thoroughly to eliminate macroscopical welding residual stress.And this process is only used the method for mechanical hammering, by hammering, surface to be welded is deformed, and this has not only eliminated the last time filler metal and has cooled off formed tension, gives simultaneously and has put the required bearing stress of next filler metal.As long as molten fill out, hammering hockets to soldering and finish, and make each hammering filler metal reach certain deflection, just can realize that the weld metal zone of postwelding presents low stress or compressive stress state.Do not need measures such as the extra heating of conventional method and reinforcement fully.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1. pre-welding treatment.
With conventional welding equipment in treating the cracked zone of dribbleware, elder generation's segmentation, back gradation filler metal, the thickness of each filler metal is the 2-8 millimeter, each metallic surface to be welded and adjacent matrix thereof are carried out mechanical hammering, wherein emphasis hammering filler metal makes its recessed amount of plastic deformation reach the 0.2-1.5 millimeter.Beginning hammering temperature is controlled at 750-250 ℃, finishes the hammering temperature and is controlled at 200 ℃ to room temperature, and the hammering frequency is 1-6 time/second.Molten fill out to hocket to filler metal with the hammering metal fill up whole welding line.
When with the operation of acetylene-oxygen welding, need butt welded seam around matrix force cooling, be subjected to heat rating and avoid temperature rise too high with control.
The present invention compared with prior art has following technique effect:
1. give at welding surface and put compression, can improve the stress state in linkage interface district well, reduce significantly from the probability of interface cracking.
2. each molten metal that fills in the weld seam is all passed through its surface of hammering, make it plastic deformation and eliminate residual stress; Give simultaneously and put compression, therefore metal is low stress or compressive stress state in the whole postwelding district, fully guarantee carrying out smoothly of soldering operation, distortion and the secondary cracks of effectively having controlled postwelding spare produce, especially darker at crack defect, under the bigger situation of scope, the superiority of this method is particularly outstanding.
3. do not need other auxiliary heating, do not need other strengthening measure yet.
Describe in detail below:
Embodiment one:
48NVD-20 marine diesel cylinder body is in 1 cylinder and 3 cylinder site surface, because of cracking 420 millimeters of crack lengths, 25 millimeters of wall thickness, through wall flaw after long-term the use.Cylinder body material HT250, Germany make, 1250 horsepowers of diesel engine powers.Its repair method is:
1. pre-welding treatment: comprise out V-butt, bore stop hole, impurity deoils, becomes rusty.Hammering metal surface to be welded makes it concave deformation 0.2-0.5mm before filler metal, forms bearing stress.For obtaining good processing properties, also can use the patent No. is " repair technology of casting surface defect " described method as its denomination of invention of ZL97107575.1, at the machined surface of cylinder body and junction quick surfacing one deck alloy transition layer of this crackle.
With arc welding from stop hole begin to segmentation on the direction of check and on every section the gradation filler metal, each fast fast thawing stops weldering when filling out 4-8mm metal bed thickness, and then rapid this filler metal to 750-400 ℃ carries out hammering with 1-4 time/second hammering frequency, make its recessed plastic deformation 0.4-1 millimeter, hammering extends to this filler metal and is chilled to 200 ℃ to room temperature, for the matrix around the control weld seam heats up, can adopt and force cooling provision to cool off, as water-cooled.
3. behind the cleaning hammering surface impurity, repeat this above-mentioned the 2nd one step process to filler metal and fill up whole welding line.
All housing class parts, for example other diesel engine cylinder block, cylinder cap, booster housing, generator housing and motor field frame all can adopt its crackle of method soldering of embodiment one.
Embodiment two:
2640 horsepowers marine diesel cylinder head, material are alloy gray iron, the weak part between inlet valve hole and air release valve hole, produce three crackles that connect on the matrix, crack growth is leaked in the use to cooling water channel, crack depth 35-40 millimeter, its repair method is:
1. pre-welding treatment is with embodiment one:
2. this one step process is except that with embodiment 1 the 2nd one step process, different is to begin upwards filler metal of order from the crackle bosom with arc welding, each fast fast thawing stops weldering when filling out 2-4mm metal bed thickness, and then rapid filler metal to 400-250 ℃ carries out hammering with 2-4 time/second frequency, makes its recessed plastic deformation 0.2-0.6 millimeter.The also adjacent matrix of hammering and extend to filler metal and be chilled to 100 ℃ simultaneously to room temperature.
3. this one step process is with embodiment 1 the 3rd one step process.
Embodiment three:
The marine diesel oil machine crankshaft, the forged steel manufacturing once had 5 crackles on the crank throw working face, and mean depth is 4.5 millimeters, and average length is 15 millimeters, and its process for welding repair is:
1. pre-welding treatment is with embodiment one, and different is to check crackle with the dye penetrant inspection method.Hammering welding surface before filler metal makes it concave deformation 0.2-0.5mm and forms bearing stress.Simultaneously with the bent axle mechanical fixation.
2. this one step process is except that with embodiment 2 the 2nd one step process, and different is with the welding method of arc welding or argon arc welding or CO2 gas shielded arc welding or surfacing from an end of crackle to other end filler metal, and disposable being filled up to requires size fast.
3. this one step process is with embodiment one method in the 3rd step.
4. all the other crackles are repeated to implement 1,2,3 steps, to finishing the soldering operation.
Axle class part all can adopt its crackle of method soldering of embodiment three.
Embodiment four:
Motorcycle plastic limit cover plate cast steel mould, it is 5 millimeters that a length is arranged on it, dark 12 millimeters crackles.
Its repair method is:
1. pre-welding treatment is with embodiment one.And use the quick surfacing one deck of the described method of patent of invention ZL97107575.1 alloy on the interface of machined surface and crackle as transition.
2. this one step process is except that with embodiment 2 the 2nd one step process, different is stops weldering when time every fast fast thawing fills out 4-8mm metal bed thickness, and then rapid filler metal to 750-400 ℃ carries out hammering with 2-4 time/second frequency, makes filler metal concave deformation 0.8-1.5mm, forms bearing stress.Hammering extends to filler metal and is chilled to 100 ℃ to room temperature.
3. this one step process is with embodiment 1 the 3rd one step process.
Claims (4)
1. the crack welding and repairing process of a ferrous metal parts is characterized in that:
(1) pre-welding treatment;
(2) with conventional welding equipment first segmentation in treating the cracked zone of dribbleware, back gradation filler metal, the thickness of each filler metal is 2-8mm, mechanical hammering is carried out in each metal surface to be welded and adjacent metal matrix thereof, emphasis hammering filler metal, making its recessed amount of plastic deformation is 0.2-1.5mm, temperature during the beginning hammering is 750-250 ℃, the hammering frequency is 1-6 time/second, temperature when finishing hammering be 200 ℃ to room temperature, till filler metal and hammering metal hocket and fill up whole welding line to filler metal.
2. the crack welding and repairing process of ferrous metal parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that long 420mm on the 48NVD-20 marine diesel cylinder body, and the through wall flaw repair method of wall thickness 25mm is:
(1) before filler metal, hammering metal surface to be welded makes it concave deformation amount 0.2-0.5mm, at the machined surface of cylinder body and interface place quick surfacing one deck alloy transition layer of this crackle;
(2) begin segmentation on direction of check with arc welding from stop hole, and on every section the gradation filler metal, each thickness of filler metal fast is 4-8mm, rapid this filler metal to 750-400 ℃ carries out hammering with 1-4 time/second hammering frequency, and the thickness that makes its recessed plastic deformation is 0.4-1mm.
(3) metallic matrix around the butt welded seam is forced cooling.
3. the crack welding and repairing process of ferrous metal parts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that between inlet valve hole on 2640 horsepowers the marine diesel cylinder head and the air release valve hole on the position that the repair method that every degree of depth reaches the through-wall crack of 35-40mm is to begin upwards filler metal from the crackle bosom with arc welding, each thickness of filler metal fast is 2-4mm, rapid this filler metal to 400-250 ℃ carries out hammering with 2-4 time/second hammering frequency, make its recessed plastic deformation 0.2-0.6mm, while is its adjacent matrix of hammering also, and hammering extends to filler metal and is chilled to 100 ℃ to room temperature.
4. the crack welding and repairing process of ferrous metal parts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the long 5mm of being on the cover plate cast steel mould of motorcycle plastic limit, be that each thickness of filler metal fast is 4-8mm for the crack welding and repairing process of 12mm deeply, rapid this filler metal to 750-400 ℃ carries out hammering with 2-4 time/second hammering frequency, make filler metal concave deformation 0.8-1.5mm, hammering extends to filler metal and is chilled to 100 ℃ to room temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00120516A CN1102478C (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2000-10-27 | Crack welding and repairing process for ferrous metal parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00120516A CN1102478C (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2000-10-27 | Crack welding and repairing process for ferrous metal parts |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1288797A CN1288797A (en) | 2001-03-28 |
| CN1102478C true CN1102478C (en) | 2003-03-05 |
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| CN00120516A Expired - Fee Related CN1102478C (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2000-10-27 | Crack welding and repairing process for ferrous metal parts |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3619168B2 (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2005-02-09 | エフシーアイ アジア テクノロジー ピーティーイー リミテッド | Welding method of weld metal |
| JP4537649B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2010-09-01 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Rotating welded joint, manufacturing method of Rotated welded joint, and welded structure |
| CN101954564B (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-04-24 | 河南中孚实业股份有限公司 | Method for repairing main shaft cracks of continuous kneader |
| JP5919986B2 (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2016-05-18 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Hammer peening treatment method and welded joint manufacturing method using the same |
| CN102941396A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-02-27 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Anti-deformation repair welding method for shell of aero-engine ignition device |
| CN104209624B (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of special joint crack repair process |
| CN104289831A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-01-21 | 台山核电合营有限公司 | Welding with trailing peening stress eliminating method of large nuclear power steel structure |
| US10279416B2 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-05-07 | General Electric Company | Weld forced crack and braze repair for superalloys |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62161493A (en) * | 1986-01-09 | 1987-07-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for repairing crack |
| CN86101207A (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1987-09-09 | 重庆大学 | New method of amending surface defects of castings |
| JPH08174215A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for repairing metallic mold |
| CN1174772A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1998-03-04 | 重庆大学 | Technology for finishing surface defect on iron casting |
-
2000
- 2000-10-27 CN CN00120516A patent/CN1102478C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62161493A (en) * | 1986-01-09 | 1987-07-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for repairing crack |
| CN86101207A (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1987-09-09 | 重庆大学 | New method of amending surface defects of castings |
| JPH08174215A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for repairing metallic mold |
| CN1174772A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1998-03-04 | 重庆大学 | Technology for finishing surface defect on iron casting |
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| CN1288797A (en) | 2001-03-28 |
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