CN110247588A - A kind of mono pulse control method and system of hall electric machine - Google Patents
A kind of mono pulse control method and system of hall electric machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110247588A CN110247588A CN201910468489.8A CN201910468489A CN110247588A CN 110247588 A CN110247588 A CN 110247588A CN 201910468489 A CN201910468489 A CN 201910468489A CN 110247588 A CN110247588 A CN 110247588A
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- commutation
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- hall
- excitation signal
- microcontroller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/15—Controlling commutation time
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/17—Circuit arrangements for detecting position and for generating speed information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to brshless DC motor technical field more particularly to a kind of mono pulse control method and system of hall electric machine, the method includes the steps: S1. detects the Hall level signal of motor and determines the position of rotor；S2. motor energization signal enabling motor is given；S3. commutation and driving motor are carried out to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal.The level signal that the system setting microcontroller detects Hall sensor, which changes, determines commutating period, the pulse excitation signal for being used for driving motor is only generated in a commutating period, will not generate excessive electromagnetism disturb it is dry, enable product to cross EMC verifying, product can be allowed to use in the environment more demanding to electromagnetic interference；Microcontroller may be implemented to keep the actual speed of motor consistent with setting speed by adjusting the duty ratio of single pulse excitation signal；And according to the difference of motor, microcontroller can also do in advance or delay commutation processing, improve the working efficiency of motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mono pulse control method of brshless DC motor technical field more particularly to hall electric machine and
System.
Background technique
Direct current generator (direct current machine), which refers to, can be converted into direct current energy mechanical energy (direct current drive
Machine) or convert mechanical energy into the rotating electric machine of direct current energy (dc generator).It is to be able to achieve direct current energy and mechanical energy
The motor converted mutually.It is dc motor when it makees motor running, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy；Make generator operation
When be dc generator, convert mechanical energy into electric energy.And direct current generator includes brshless DC motor and brushed DC motor,
Brushed DC motor commutates to the electric current in winding using mechanical brush and commutator.
As shown in Figure 1, brshless DC motor is mainly passed by hall position using electronically commutating to winding current
Sensor detects the position of rotor rotating excitation field, by logical AND driving circuit, gives corresponding winding energization.Existing control motor fortune
Turn to mostly use the method for multiple-pulse to be driven within an electric period to multiple pulses, but this way is easy to produce electromagnetism
Interference, may result in product cannot be verified by EMC.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of present invention provides a kind of mono pulse control method and system of hall electric machine, solution is existing nothing
The method that brushless motor uses multiple-pulse driving motor, is easy to produce electromagnetic interference, cannot be tested by EMC so as to cause product
Card.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine, comprising steps of
S1. it detects the Hall level signal of motor and determines the position of rotor；
S2. motor energization signal enabling motor is given；
S3. commutation and driving motor are carried out to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal.
Further, the step S3 is specifically included:
S31. the time point of the Hall level signal transformation is recorded；
S32. the time interval at the adjacent time point twice is calculated, and is believed the time interval as single pulse excitation
Number basic cycle；
S33. the commutating period that the single pulse excitation signal is determined with the basic cycle is required according to commutation；
S34. with the fixed single pulse excitation signal drive motor of commutating period.
Further, in the step S33, the commutation requires to include instant commutation, in advance commutation and delays and changes
Phase；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is described substantially all
Phase；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase subtracts pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase adds and delays the time.
Further, it is further comprised the steps of: after the step S3
S4. the current rotating speed of motor is calculated according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal；
S5. the current rotating speed is compared with setting speed, when the current rotating speed is more than or less than the setting
When revolving speed, the duty ratio of the single pulse excitation signal is decreased or increased, stablizes until the current rotating speed and turns in the setting
Speed.
The present invention also provides a kind of mono pulse control systems of hall electric machine, three-phase drive circuit including sequential connection,
Motor peripheral drive circuit, motor further include three Hall sensors being mounted on corresponding to motor rotor position, further include connecting
Connect the microcontroller of the three-phase drive circuit；
The microcontroller is used to acquire the level signal of the Hall sensor first, determines the position of rotor,
Start motor by the three-phase drive circuit and the motor peripheral drive circuit；
The microcontroller is also used to carry out commutation simultaneously to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal
Pass through the three-phase drive circuit and the motor peripheral drive circuit driving motor.
Specifically, the microcontroller is equipped with first timer；
The first timer is used to record the time point of the Hall level signal transformation；
The microcontroller is used to calculate the time interval at the adjacent time point twice, and using the time interval as
The basic cycle of single pulse excitation signal；It is also used to determine the single pulse excitation letter according to commutation requirement and the basic cycle
Number commutating period.
Specifically, the microcontroller is additionally provided with second timer；
When the second timer is for often reaching the primary commutating period, primary interruption is generated, for the list
Pulse excitation signal carries out commutation.
Specifically, the commutation requires to include instant commutation, in advance commutation and delays commutation；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is described substantially all
Phase；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase subtracts pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase adds and delays the time.
Specifically, the microcontroller is also used to calculate motor according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal
Current rotating speed；And compare the current rotating speed with setting speed, when the current rotating speed is more than or less than described set
When determining revolving speed, the duty ratio of the single pulse excitation signal is decreased or increased, until the current rotating speed is stablized in the setting
Revolving speed.
Preferably, the microcontroller is PIC16F1578.
The mono pulse control method of a kind of hall electric machine provided by the invention, by the level signal for detecting Hall sensor
Change and determine commutating period, and only generate a pulse excitation signal in a commutating period, excessive electromagnetism will not be generated
Disturb it is dry, enable product cross EMC verifying, product can be allowed to use in the environment more demanding to electromagnetic interference；Pass through tune
The duty ratio of section single pulse excitation signal may be implemented to keep the actual speed of motor consistent with setting speed；And according to motor
Difference, additionally it is possible to do in advance or delay commutation processing, can be improved the working efficiency of motor；
A kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine provided by the invention, setting microcontroller detect Hall sensor
Level signal, which changes, determines commutating period, and a pulse excitation for driving motor is only generated in a commutating period and is believed
Number, will not generate excessive electromagnetism disturb it is dry, enable product cross EMC verifying, can allow product to electromagnetic interference require compared with
It is used in high environment；Microcontroller may be implemented to keep the reality of motor to turn by adjusting the duty ratio of single pulse excitation signal
Speed is consistent with setting speed；And according to the difference of motor, microcontroller can also do in advance or delay commutation processing, improve
The working efficiency of motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram of existing brshless DC motor provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of step flow chart of the mono pulse control method of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of work flow diagram of the mono pulse control method of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of function structure chart of the mono pulse control system of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the electrical connection diagram of microcontroller PIC16F1578 in Fig. 4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that (for the U phase in scheme, V phase uses three-phase drive circuit in Fig. 4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention with W phase
Identical driving circuit) electrical connection diagram；
Fig. 7 is the electrical connection diagram of motor peripheral drive circuit and motor Motor in Fig. 4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is in method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and level signal and the position of Hall sensor drive phase
The comparison figure of position；
Fig. 9 is in method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when instant commutation the level signal of Hall sensor with
The comparison figure of single pulse excitation signal level；
Figure 10 is in method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in advance when commutation the level signal of Hall sensor with
The comparison figure of single pulse excitation signal level；
Figure 11 is in method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when delaying commutation the level signal of Hall sensor with
The comparison figure of single pulse excitation signal level.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are specifically illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing, embodiment is only given for illustrative purposes,
It can not be interpreted as limitation of the invention, type selecting and value size and attached drawing including component are only preferred embodiment, only
For reference with illustrate use, the limitation to the invention patent protection scope is not constituted, because not departing from spirit of that invention and model
On the basis of enclosing, many changes can be carried out to the present invention.
A kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, step flow chart as shown in Figure 2,
Specifically include step:
S1. it detects the Hall level signal of motor and determines the position of rotor；
S2. motor energization signal enabling motor is given；
S3. commutation and driving motor are carried out to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal.
Further, the step S3 is specifically included:
S31. the time point of the Hall level signal transformation is recorded；
S32. the time interval at the adjacent time point twice is calculated, and is believed the time interval as single pulse excitation
Number basic cycle；
S33. the commutating period that the single pulse excitation signal is determined with the basic cycle is required according to commutation；
S34. with the fixed single pulse excitation signal drive motor of commutating period.
Further, in the step S33, the commutation requires to include instant commutation, in advance commutation and delays and changes
Phase；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is described substantially all
Phase；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase subtracts pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase adds and delays the time.
Further, it is further comprised the steps of: after the step S3
S4. the current rotating speed of motor is calculated according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal；
S5. the current rotating speed is compared with setting speed, when the current rotating speed is more than or less than the setting
When revolving speed, the duty ratio of the single pulse excitation signal is decreased or increased, stablizes until the current rotating speed and turns in the setting
Speed.
A kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, work flow diagram is then such as Fig. 3 institute
Show.
Function structure chart as shown in Figure 4, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine,
Three-phase drive circuit 10, motor peripheral drive circuit 20, motor Motor including sequential connection, further include being mounted on to correspond to
Three Hall sensors 30 of motor rotor position further include the microcontroller for connecting the three-phase drive circuit 10；
The microcontroller is used to acquire the level signal of the Hall sensor 30 first, determines rotor
Position starts motor Motor by the three-phase drive circuit 10 and the motor peripheral drive circuit 20；
The microcontroller is also used to carry out commutation to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal
And pass through 20 driving motor Motor of the three-phase drive circuit 10 and the motor peripheral drive circuit.
In this embodiment, the microcontroller is equipped with first timer；
The first timer is used to record the time point of the Hall level signal transformation；
The microcontroller is used to calculate the time interval at the adjacent time point twice, and by the time interval
Basic cycle as single pulse excitation signal；It is also used to determine the simple venation impulse according to commutation requirement and the basic cycle
Encourage the commutating period of signal.
In this embodiment, the microcontroller is additionally provided with second timer；
When the second timer is for often reaching the primary commutating period, primary interruption is generated, for the list
Pulse excitation signal carries out commutation.
Corresponding to the mono pulse control method, in this system, the commutation require to include instant commutation, commutation in advance and
Delay commutation；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is described substantially all
Phase；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase subtracts pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is equal to described substantially all
Phase adds and delays the time.
Specifically, the microcontroller is also used to calculate electricity according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal
The current rotating speed of machine Motor；And compare the current rotating speed with setting speed, when the current rotating speed is greater than or small
When the setting speed, the duty ratio of the single pulse excitation signal is decreased or increased, until the current rotating speed is stablized
The setting speed.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller be PIC16F1578, design based on this and
At the electric connecting relation of entire control system then combine Fig. 5~7, be microcontroller PIC16F1578, three-phase drive respectively
The electrical connection diagram of circuit 10 and motor peripheral drive circuit 20.
The PWM1 (UH) of microcontroller, PWM2 (VH), the port PWM3 (WH) meet three of three-phase drive circuit 10 respectively
Input terminal PWM1 (UH), PWM2 (VH), PWM3 (WH)；UL, VL, WL are separately connected three input terminals of three-phase drive circuit 10
UL,VL,WL；H1, H2, H3 are separately connected three Hall sensors 30.Microcontroller passes through control PWM1 (UH), PWM2
(VH), PWM3 (WH), UL, VL, WL output level carry out driving motor Motor and operated.The output of three-phase drive circuit 10
U-DRV-HI, U-DRV-LO, V-DRV-HI, V-DRV-LO, W-DRV-HI, W-DRV-LO interface connection corresponding with Fig. 7 are held,
Drive MOS；U-VS, V-US, W-VS connect with U, V, W phase of motor Motor respectively, direct-driving motor Motor.
Microcontroller first checks the position of rotor, rotor-position can basis before driving motor Motor
The low and high level for reading Hall H1, H2, H3 obtains, finds rotor-position later to corresponding driving, motor Motor can turn
Get up, according further to the level commutation of Hall H1, H2, H3, the level signal and motor of Hall sensor 30 after turning over
Relationship between the position driving phase of Motor is referring to Fig. 8 (0: low level；1: high level).
In specific application, according to the difference of motor, the requirement to motor commutation is also different, and main includes changing immediately
Phase shifts to an earlier date commutation and delays commutation.
For instant commutation, referring to the comparison figure of Fig. 9, microcontroller once detects the transformation of Hall level,
Commutation is carried out to single pulse excitation signal immediately.First timer is recorded twice the time difference T1 of level translation, turns by calculating
It changes, it is right centered on single pulse excitation signal in the application using T1 as the basic cycle of single pulse excitation signal and commutating period
Neat PWM.Microcontroller can calculate the current rotating speed of motor Motor according to the basic cycle, and carry out pair with setting speed
Than (value that W1 in Fig. 9 is decreased or increased) institute is decreased or increased when the current rotating speed is more than or less than the setting speed
The duty ratio for stating single pulse excitation signal, until the current rotating speed is stablized in the setting speed.
For commutation in advance, referring to the comparison figure of Figure 10, unlike instant commutation, microcontroller detection
To Hall level translation, the commutating period of single pulse excitation signal is T2=T1-t1, t1 be need the time shifted to an earlier date to obtain when
Between difference T2 as second timer overflow interrupt time, second timer reach time T2 generate interruption, then interrupt processing
Motor commutation, to reach commutation in advance.Similarly, referring to the comparison figure of Figure 11, for commutation is delayed, T2=T1+t1 makees
For the break period of second timer.
A kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention passes through detection Hall sensor 30
Level signal, which changes, determines commutating period, and a pulse excitation signal is only generated in a commutating period, will not generate
More electromagnetism disturb it is dry, enable product cross EMC verifying, product can be allowed to make in the environment more demanding to electromagnetic interference
With；Duty ratio by adjusting single pulse excitation signal may be implemented to keep the actual speed and setting speed phase of motor Motor
Unanimously；And according to the difference of motor Motor, additionally it is possible to do in advance or delay commutation processing, can be improved the work of motor Motor
Make efficiency.
A kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, setting microcontroller detect suddenly
The level signal of your sensor 30, which changes, determines commutating period, only generates one in a commutating period and is used for driving motor
The pulse excitation signal of Motor, will not generate excessive electromagnetism disturb it is dry, enable product cross EMC verifying, product can be allowed to exist
It is used in the environment more demanding to electromagnetic interference；Microcontroller can be with by adjusting the duty ratio of single pulse excitation signal
It realizes and keeps the actual speed of motor Motor consistent with setting speed；And according to the difference of motor Motor, microcontroller
Commutation processing can also be done in advance or be delayed, can be improved the working efficiency of motor Motor.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
S1. it detects the Hall level signal of motor and determines the position of rotor；
S2. motor energization signal enabling motor is given；
S3. commutation and driving motor are carried out to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal.
2. a kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 is specific
Include:
S31. the time point of the Hall level signal transformation is recorded；
S32. the time interval at the adjacent time point twice is calculated, and using the time interval as single pulse excitation signal
Basic cycle；
S33. the commutating period that the single pulse excitation signal is determined with the basic cycle is required according to commutation；
S34. with the fixed single pulse excitation signal drive motor of commutating period.
3. a kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S33
In, the commutation requires to include instant commutation, in advance commutation and delays commutation；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is the basic cycle；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal subtracts equal to the basic cycle
Go pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal adds equal to the basic cycle
On delay the time.
4. a kind of mono pulse control method of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that after the step S3
It further comprises the steps of:
S4. the current rotating speed of motor is calculated according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal；
S5. the current rotating speed is compared with setting speed, when the current rotating speed is more than or less than the setting speed
When, the duty ratio of the single pulse excitation signal is decreased or increased, until the current rotating speed is stablized in the setting speed.
5. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine, three-phase drive circuit, motor peripheral driver electricity including sequential connection
Road, motor further include three Hall sensors being mounted on corresponding to motor rotor position, which is characterized in that further include connection
The microcontroller of the three-phase drive circuit；
The microcontroller is used to acquire the level signal of the Hall sensor first, determines the position of rotor, passes through
The three-phase drive circuit and the motor peripheral drive circuit start motor；
The microcontroller is also used to carry out commutation to the pumping signal according to the transformation of the Hall level signal and pass through
The three-phase drive circuit and the motor peripheral drive circuit driving motor.
6. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the microcontroller is set
There is first timer；
The first timer is used to record the time point of the Hall level signal transformation；
The microcontroller is used to calculate the time interval at the adjacent time point twice, and using the time interval as simple venation
Rush the basic cycle of pumping signal；It is also used to determine the single pulse excitation signal according to commutation requirement and the basic cycle
Commutating period.
7. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the microcontroller is also
Equipped with second timer；
When the second timer is for often reaching the primary commutating period, primary interruption is generated, for the pulse
Pumping signal carries out commutation.
8. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the commutation requires packet
It includes instant commutation, in advance commutation and delays commutation；
When the commutation requires to be instant commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal is the basic cycle；
When the commutation requires to shift to an earlier date commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal subtracts equal to the basic cycle
Go pre-set time；
When the commutation requires to delay commutation, the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal adds equal to the basic cycle
On delay the time.
9. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the microcontroller is also
For calculating the current rotating speed of motor according to the commutating period of the single pulse excitation signal；And by the current rotating speed with
Setting speed compares, and when the current rotating speed is more than or less than the setting speed, the pulse is decreased or increased
The duty ratio of pumping signal, until the current rotating speed is stablized in the setting speed.
10. a kind of mono pulse control system of hall electric machine as described in one claim of any of the above, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating microcontroller is PIC16F1578.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112072963A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 惠州拓邦电气技术有限公司 | Electric tool and commutation control method thereof |
| CN116582032A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 晶艺半导体有限公司 | Commutation control circuit with lead angle, motor system and commutation control method |
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| CN208606770U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-03-15 | 北京量子体系科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device of measurement rotary body rotation |
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| CN112072963A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 惠州拓邦电气技术有限公司 | Electric tool and commutation control method thereof |
| CN116582032A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 晶艺半导体有限公司 | Commutation control circuit with lead angle, motor system and commutation control method |
| CN116582032B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-09-15 | 晶艺半导体有限公司 | Commutation control circuit with lead angle, motor system and commutation control method |
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