CN110244420B - Treatment process and application of PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and central beam tube type optical cable containing PBT sleeve - Google Patents
Treatment process and application of PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and central beam tube type optical cable containing PBT sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110244420B CN110244420B CN201910519470.1A CN201910519470A CN110244420B CN 110244420 B CN110244420 B CN 110244420B CN 201910519470 A CN201910519470 A CN 201910519470A CN 110244420 B CN110244420 B CN 110244420B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment process and application of a PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and a central beam tube type optical cable containing the PBT sleeve, belonging to the technical field of optical cable preparation. The low temperature treatment is carried out after obtaining the PBT base stock: immediately transferring the PBT semi-finished product of the optical fiber loose tube into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 3-8 hours; after the low-temperature treatment is finished, the sleeve is immediately taken out, the tension of the parallel steel wires on the two sides of the outer sheath is pulled to 20kg, a corresponding mold is prepared, and the sleeve is paid off by adopting zero-tension paying-off, namely, a tension wheel or a dancing wheel is not needed; forming a PBT loose tube finished product. The invention improves the sleeve performance by using the method for treating the semi-finished product at low temperature, so that the residual length of the sleeve is basically improved originally, and the performance of the finished product is obviously and stably improved after production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical cable preparation, and particularly relates to a treatment process and application of a PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and a central beam tube type optical cable containing the PBT sleeve.
Background
The existing production of the central beam tube mainly comprises the steps of adding parallel steel wires on two sides of a sleeve, wherein the main factor of the tensile property is the forming excess length of the sleeve, the process is mainly regulated and controlled during the production of the sleeve, the excess length which can be met by a normal process is about 0.2-1.2%, and certain correction is carried out by changing the paying-off tension of the sleeve during the later production and protection, so that the tensile property of the produced finished product can basically meet the requirement that the strain of a standard optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.05% under long-term tension, but certain high-standard tensile requirements, such as the strain of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.005% under long-term tension, are difficult to achieve, and the excess length of the sleeve is difficult to be enlarged under the condition that.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and to improve the tensile property of the central beam tube type optical cable and ensure the performance of ensuring stable transmission when the optical cable is used under the long-term tension in a special environment, the invention basically adopts a method for properly increasing the extra length of the sleeve without influencing the optical characteristics of the optical fiber so as to improve the tensile property.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the PBT bushing treatment process specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 1, 4-butanediol and terephthalic acid according to the molar ratio of 1.0-1.6 to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: putting the mixed slurry and a polymerization catalyst into an esterification reaction kettle for esterification reaction, wherein the esterification temperature is 200-270 ℃, and the esterification reaction pressure is 10-500 kPa;
step three: the materials after the esterification reaction enter a pre-polycondensation reaction kettle for polycondensation reaction, the reaction pressure is controlled to be 100 Pa-20 kPa, and the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃;
step four: the discharged material of the pre-polycondensation reaction kettle enters a final polycondensation reaction kettle for further polycondensation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 10-1000 Pa;
step five: the discharged material of the final polycondensation reaction kettle enters a granulation device for granulation, continuously enters a solid phase system through metering, is subjected to preheating crystallization, and then enters a solid phase reactor for tackifying, wherein the reaction temperature gradient is 170-210 ℃, and the reaction residence time is 15-20 hours, so that the PBT base material is obtained;
step six: arranging and bonding a plurality of optical fibers together in a belt-shaped manner through a bonding agent to form an optical fiber bundle, and wrapping the PBT base material on the outer periphery of the optical fiber bundle sprayed with the water-blocking fiber paste by adopting an extruding machine to obtain an optical fiber loose tube PBT semi-finished product;
step seven: immediately transferring the PBT semi-finished product of the optical fiber loose tube into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 3-8 hours; the-40 ° setting here is a practical environment to meet the minimum temperature for use of the cable, i.e. -40 °.
Step eight: after the low-temperature treatment is finished, the sleeve is immediately taken out, the tension of the parallel steel wires on the two sides of the outer sheath is pulled to 20kg, and a corresponding mold is prepared;
step nine: the bushing is paid off by adopting zero tension paying off, namely, no tension wheel or dancing wheel is arranged; forming a PBT sleeve finished product.
In a further embodiment, the time of the low-temperature treatment in the step eight is 4 hours.
In a further embodiment, a material is used as the central tube cable.
A central tube bundle type optical cable with high tensile property is prepared by using the PBT sleeve, a water-blocking tape and a steel-aluminum tape are sequentially wrapped on the outer periphery of the PBT sleeve from inside to outside by adopting an extruding machine, and then high-density polyethylene is extruded by an outer protection process at the temperature of 250-270 ℃.
In a further embodiment, the outer high-density PE layer is provided with a reinforcing piece along the length direction of the outer high-density PE layer.
In a further embodiment, the adhesive is an epoxy cured glue.
In a further embodiment, the flare process temperature is 260 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in order to improve the tensile property of the central beam tube type optical cable and ensure the performance of ensuring stable transmission when used under the long-term tension of special environment, the invention basically adopts a method to properly increase the extra length of the sleeve without influencing the optical characteristics of the optical fiber so as to improve the tensile property in summary of the prior art, and tests prove that the invention basically improves the extra length of the sleeve by using a method for improving the performance of the sleeve by processing a semi-finished product at low temperature, and the performance of the finished product is obviously and stably improved after production. The method realizes a production method of the optical cable with high tensile strength.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art: the existing production of the central beam tube mainly comprises the steps of adding parallel steel wires on two sides of a sleeve, wherein the main factor of the tensile property is the forming excess length of the sleeve, the process is mainly regulated and controlled during the production of the sleeve, the excess length which can be met by a normal process is about 0.2-1.2%, and certain correction is carried out by changing the paying-off tension of the sleeve during the later production and protection, so that the tensile property of the produced finished product can basically meet the requirement that the strain of a standard optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.05% under long-term tension, but certain high-standard tensile requirements, such as the strain of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.005% under long-term tension, are difficult to achieve, and the excess length of the sleeve is difficult to be enlarged under the condition that.
The applicant has done relevant work in this respect and found through research that: in the prior art, the PBT sleeve is cooled during production, but the cooling mode generally adopted is water cooling, so that the temperature of the water cooling is at least 15 ℃, and a certain cooling effect is achieved, but the cooling process is slow and the cooling temperature is high, so that the base material of the PBT sleeve cannot be ensured to obtain the required positive and surplus length during cooling and crystallization.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the core tube bundle type optical cable using the PBT sleeve still can meet GYDXTW-96B1 in terms of tensile property: the strain of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.005 percent under the long-term tension of 600N, and the additional attenuation of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.03 dB;
the strain of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.15 percent under the short-term tension 2400N, and the additional attenuation of the optical fiber is less than or equal to 0.1 dB;
the long-term strain of the optical cable is less than or equal to 0.20 percent;
example 1
Firstly, the production of a PBT sleeve semi-finished product specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 1, 4-butanediol and terephthalic acid according to the molar ratio of 1.0-1.6 to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: putting the mixed slurry and a polymerization catalyst into an esterification reaction kettle for esterification reaction, wherein the esterification temperature is 200-270 ℃, and the esterification reaction pressure is 10-500 kPa;
step three: the materials after the esterification reaction enter a pre-polycondensation reaction kettle for polycondensation reaction, the reaction pressure is controlled to be 100 Pa-20 kPa, and the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃;
step four: the discharged material of the pre-polycondensation reaction kettle enters a final polycondensation reaction kettle for further polycondensation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 10-1000 Pa;
step five: the discharged material of the final polycondensation reaction kettle enters a granulation device for granulation, continuously enters a solid phase system through metering, is subjected to preheating crystallization, and then enters a solid phase reactor for tackifying, wherein the reaction temperature gradient is 170-210 ℃, and the reaction residence time is 15-20 hours, so that the PBT base material is obtained;
step six: arranging and bonding a plurality of optical fibers together in a belt-shaped manner through a bonding agent to form an optical fiber bundle, and wrapping the PBT base material on the outer periphery of the optical fiber bundle sprayed with the water-blocking fiber paste by adopting an extruding machine to obtain an optical fiber loose tube PBT semi-finished product;
step seven: immediately transferring the PBT semi-finished product of the optical fiber loose tube into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 2 hours;
step eight: after the low-temperature treatment is finished, the sleeve is immediately taken out, the tension of the parallel steel wires on the two sides of the outer sheath is pulled to 20kg, and a corresponding mold is prepared; the steel wires parallel to the two sides are controlled by the magnetic powder brake of the steel wire pay-off rack, so that the tension of the steel wires can be accurately controlled to reach 20 kg; if a spring scale is adopted for pulling, the fluctuation of the pulling force value is large, and the pulling force value is not advisable; if the pulling force does not reach 20g, the finished product is pulled out, the appearance is integrally bent, and the loose tube on the inner layer is pressed, so that the finished product is unqualified; the unqualified items are mainly segment differences, namely, a transmission graph curve has steps, which can cause signal folding;
step nine: the bushing is paid off by adopting zero tension paying off, namely, no tension wheel or dancing wheel is arranged; in the step, the tension wheel or the dancing wheel is used for preventing the tension wheel from eating the extra length and reducing the most extra length; forming a PBT sleeve finished product.
In the steps, the first step to the seventh step are all production steps of the conventional PBT optical fiber loose tube, and the core-tube bundle type optical cable A is prepared by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product A, and specifically comprises the following steps: the outer periphery of a finished PBT optical fiber loose tube A is sequentially wrapped with a water blocking tape, a steel aluminum tape and an outer protection high-density PE layer from inside to outside by adopting an extruding machine, the high-density polyethylene is extruded by an outer protection process at 260 ℃, a reinforcing piece is arranged on the outer protection high-density PE layer along the length direction of the outer protection high-density PE layer, and the reinforcing piece is a phosphatized coating single steel wire.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: step seven: immediately transferring the semi-finished product of the PBT of the optical fiber loose tube after being tackified into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 3 hours; otherwise, the same as in example 1.
And (3) preparing a core-tube bundle type optical cable B by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product B, and performing the same steps as the example 1.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: step seven: the semi-finished product of the PBT of the tackified optical fiber loose tube is immediately transferred into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 5 hours, and the rest steps are the same as those of the example 2 to prepare a finished product C of the PBT optical fiber loose tube.
And preparing a core tube bundle type optical cable C by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product C.
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: step seven: the semi-finished product of the PBT of the tackified optical fiber loose tube is immediately transferred into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 8 hours, and the rest steps are the same as those of the example 2 to prepare a finished product D of the PBT optical fiber loose tube.
And preparing a core tube bundle type optical cable D by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product D.
Example 5
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: step seven: the semi-finished product of the PBT of the tackified optical fiber loose tube is immediately transferred into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 9 hours, and the rest steps are the same as those of the example 2 to prepare a finished product E of the PBT optical fiber loose tube.
And preparing a core tube bundle type optical cable E by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product E.
Example 6
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: and (4) preparing a PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F by carrying out no low-temperature treatment on the optical fiber loose tube PBT semi-finished product, namely carrying out no operation from the step seven to the step ten, and carrying out other steps as same as the steps from the step one to the step six. And preparing the core tube bundle type optical cable F by adopting the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F.
Example 7
The PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product A, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product B, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product C, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product D, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product E and PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F prepared in example 1 and example 6 were respectively subjected to excess length detection.
The test tool comprises: an extra length test bench and a blade. And (3) testing temperature: at 25 ℃.
Sampling: after a PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product A, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product B, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product C, PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product D, a PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product E and a PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F are respectively coiled, the tail ends of the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product D, the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product E and the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F are firstly folded in half, an adhesive tape is used for winding the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product E and the PBT optical fiber loose tube finished product F, the 8 m tail ends of the discharged.
Measurement: 1. according to the specification of the loose tube, weights with different weights are selected at one end, and the relation between the specification of the loose tube and the weight selection is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 matching relationship between loose tube specification and weight
2. Placing the 8-meter sleeve pipe to be sampled on the extra-long test bench, clamping two ends of the 8-meter sleeve pipe by using alligator clips, and paying attention to the fact that the loose sleeve pipe is placed in a V-shaped groove of the extra-long test bench and two ends of the loose sleeve pipe need to be reserved with the same length;
3. after the sample is fixed, a blade is used for vertically cutting off the loose tube at 0 scale at two ends of the extra-long test bench;
4. taking the sample off the extra-long test bench, drawing the optical fiber out of one side of the sleeve, taking out the sample with uniform attention, and wiping the optical fiber with wiping machine paper while drawing out the sample;
5. fixing one end of the drawn optical fiber at the 0 scale of the extra-long test bench, then straightening the drawn optical fiber with proper tension, and reading the scale delta at the other end of the extra-long test bench;
calculating the surplus length, wherein the formula is as follows:
excess length (‰) is (fiber length-loose tube length)/loose tube length ‰
Simple calculation formula: the remaining length (‰) ═ Δ × 0.2, the test results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 excess length test results of the loose tube of examples 1 to 6
The results in table 2 show that the loose tube processed by the method has a longer residual length than the loose tube prepared by the conventional method under the same grade specification, and therefore, the effective increase of the residual length can be ensured under the condition that the semi-finished product of the loose tube is processed to meet the standard. The method is characterized in that the PBT sleeve generates large and huge shrinkage in the process of entering the ultralow temperature treatment immediately after the semi-finished product is generated, the required positive excess length is obtained, and a crucial step in the method is that the sleeve paying-off adopts zero-tension paying-off, namely, a tension wheel or a dancing wheel is not needed, the ultralow temperature treatment replaces the conventional sleeve paying-off to run away from the tension wheel, so that the shrinkage can be generated, and the excess length can be prevented from being eaten by the tension wheel.
Example 8
On the basis, the optical characteristics of the core tube bundle type optical cable A, the core tube bundle type optical cable B, the core tube bundle type optical cable C, the core tube bundle type optical cable D and the core tube bundle type optical cable E which are prepared by the method are detected. The same condition data of 5 groups at normal temperature for detecting the optical characteristics (1550nm wavelength) of the core tube bundle type optical cable A, the core tube bundle type optical cable B, the core tube bundle type optical cable C, the core tube bundle type optical cable D and the core tube bundle type optical cable E after being offline at normal temperature are shown in the following table 3, and the attenuation value (dB/km) of the optical fiber per kilometer is qualified according to the 1550nm standard which is less than or equal to 0.22 dB/km.
Table 3 attenuation values per km of optical fibers in examples 1 to 6
Example 9
A series of mechanical property tests such as stretching, flattening, impacting and the like are carried out on the core tube bundle type optical cable a, the core tube bundle type optical cable B, the core tube bundle type optical cable C, the core tube bundle type optical cable D and the core tube bundle type optical cable E which are prepared by the method, and the test results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 test data of mechanical properties of core bundle optical cables of examples 1 to 6
Table 4 shows that all mechanical properties of the core-tube bundle type optical cable prepared by the method are in accordance with requirements, the additional attenuation, strain and residual strain of the optical fiber are effectively improved, and the sheath has no visible crack.
In conclusion, the method for improving the performance of the casing by processing the semi-finished product at low temperature basically improves the extra length of the casing originally, and obviously improves the performance and the stability of the finished product after production.
Claims (7)
1. The treatment process of the PBT sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 1, 4-butanediol and terephthalic acid according to the molar ratio of 1.0-1.6 to obtain mixed slurry;
step two: putting the mixed slurry and a polymerization catalyst into an esterification reaction kettle for esterification reaction, wherein the esterification temperature is 200-270 ℃, and the esterification reaction pressure is 10-500 kPa;
step three: the materials after the esterification reaction enter a pre-polycondensation reaction kettle for polycondensation reaction, the reaction pressure is controlled to be 100 Pa-20 kPa, and the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃;
step four: the discharged material of the pre-polycondensation reaction kettle enters a final polycondensation reaction kettle for further polycondensation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200-260 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 10-1000 Pa;
step five: the discharged material of the final polycondensation reaction kettle enters a granulation device for granulation, continuously enters a solid phase system through metering, is subjected to preheating crystallization, and then enters a solid phase reactor for tackifying, wherein the reaction temperature gradient is 170-210 ℃, and the reaction residence time is 15-20 hours, so that the PBT base material is obtained;
step six: arranging and bonding a plurality of optical fibers together in a belt-shaped manner through a bonding agent to form an optical fiber bundle, and wrapping the PBT base material on the outer periphery of the optical fiber bundle sprayed with the water-blocking fiber paste by adopting an extruding machine to obtain an optical fiber loose tube PBT semi-finished product;
step seven: immediately transferring the PBT semi-finished product of the optical fiber loose tube into a low-temperature-40 ℃ incubator for low-temperature treatment for 3-8 hours;
step eight: after the low-temperature treatment is finished, the sleeve is immediately taken out, the tension of the parallel steel wires on the two sides of the outer sheath is pulled to 20kg, and a corresponding mold is prepared;
step nine: the bushing is paid off by adopting zero tension paying off, namely, no tension wheel or dancing wheel is arranged; forming a PBT sleeve finished product.
2. The process for treating a PBT bushing according to claim 1, wherein the time of the low-temperature treatment in the seventh step is 4 hours.
3. Use of a PBT sleeve with high tensile properties prepared by the process of claim 1 or 2 as a material for central bundle cables.
4. A central bundle tube type optical cable with high tensile property, which is prepared by using the PBT sleeve of claim 1, wherein the PBT sleeve is sequentially wrapped with a water-blocking tape and a steel aluminum tape from inside to outside around the periphery of the PBT sleeve by using an extruding machine, and then high-density polyethylene is extruded after an external protection process at 250-270 ℃.
5. The optical cable of claim 4, wherein the high density polyethylene layer is provided with a strength member along its length.
6. The optical cable as claimed in claim 4, wherein the adhesive is epoxy resin cured glue.
7. The optical cable as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer sheath process temperature is 260 ℃.
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| CN201910519470.1A CN110244420B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-17 | Treatment process and application of PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and central beam tube type optical cable containing PBT sleeve |
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| CN201910519470.1A CN110244420B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-17 | Treatment process and application of PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) sleeve and central beam tube type optical cable containing PBT sleeve |
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| CN2288456Y (en) * | 1996-01-06 | 1998-08-19 | 孙泽民 | Centre pipe type small composite optical cable for railway |
| JP2007534972A (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2007-11-29 | マサチューセッツ・インスティテュート・オブ・テクノロジー | Optoelectronic fiber that can be shared by conductors, semiconductors, and insulators |
| CN102675608B (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2013-08-28 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Method for preparing material special for polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) optical fiber loose tubes |
| CN202049267U (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-11-23 | 山东太平洋光缆有限公司 | Flat loose tube optical fiber band communication optical cable |
| CN102346286B (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-06-26 | 江苏江扬电缆有限公司 | Manufacturing method of full-dry optical cable loose tube |
| CN203324547U (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-04 | 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 | Novel FTTH (Fiber to the Home)-used 8-shaped optical cable and die thereof |
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