CN110244201A - A composite insulating material breakdown experimental device and experimental method - Google Patents
A composite insulating material breakdown experimental device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置和实验方法，透明老化箱内部设有与计算机连接到的加热管、温度传感器和湿度传感器；还设有带有环氧云母绝缘板绝缘支架，复合绝缘材料试样放置在环氧云母绝缘板上，并通过带固定球形铜电极连接到外接线路；电压测量仪监测外接线路对复合绝缘材料试样施加的电压，并将监测值发送给计算机；透明老化箱还通过管道与真空泵连接，真空泵由计算机控制；摄像机设置于透明老化箱外，并将拍摄的发生击穿现象的前后过程的影像数据发送给计算机。本发明能够反映高压、恒定温度与恒定湿度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶的老化状态，操作简单，安全易行。
The invention discloses a composite insulating material breakdown test device and test method. The transparent aging box is provided with a heating pipe connected to a computer, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; The insulating material sample is placed on the epoxy mica insulating board, and connected to the external line through a fixed spherical copper electrode; the voltage measuring instrument monitors the voltage applied by the external line to the composite insulating material sample, and sends the monitored value to the computer; transparent The aging box is also connected to the vacuum pump through pipelines, and the vacuum pump is controlled by a computer; the camera is set outside the transparent aging box, and the image data of the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon occurs is sent to the computer. The invention can reflect the aging state of the glass fiber reinforced plastic drum made of composite insulating material under the conditions of high pressure, constant temperature and constant humidity, and is easy to operate, safe and easy to implement.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及复合绝缘材料的绝缘性能检测技术领域，具体为一种复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置和实验方法。The invention relates to the technical field of insulation performance detection of composite insulating materials, in particular to an experimental device and method for breakdown of composite insulating materials.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，复合绝缘外套在高压绝缘领域备受瞩目，其中主要与油接触的玻璃钢桶在起到良好支撑作用的同时，因为其良好的介电性能和耐击穿性能受到电网公司青睐。不同于一般绝缘设备，复合套管会因过热、设计制造缺陷等原因，随着时间推移而发生相应的老化现象，老化后的玻璃钢桶因为其本身工艺上存在的缺陷等原因，容易发生击穿事故，导致整个复合绝缘套管发生断裂，破坏其整体的绝缘结构。In recent years, composite insulation jackets have attracted much attention in the field of high-voltage insulation. Among them, the glass fiber reinforced plastic barrels that are mainly in contact with oil play a good supporting role and are favored by power grid companies because of their good dielectric properties and breakdown resistance. Different from general insulation equipment, composite bushings will age correspondingly over time due to overheating, design and manufacturing defects, etc. The aging FRP barrel is prone to breakdown due to defects in its own technology. The accident caused the entire composite insulating bushing to break and destroy its overall insulating structure.
由此可见，为防止在复杂的条件下，复合绝缘套管的主要材料玻璃钢桶因老化后发生击穿而造成整体的绝缘破坏，需要对其耐击穿性能进行相关实验并通过相应的特征量进行表征。因此，发明一种高压、恒定湿度与恒定温度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶薄片击穿的实验装置，并发明一种通过其击穿电压Us的拟合曲线来表征其绝缘性能变化的实验方法，来评估玻璃钢桶材料的绝缘性能显得十分重要与急切。It can be seen that in order to prevent the overall insulation damage caused by the breakdown of the main material of the composite insulating bushing, the FRP barrel, due to breakdown after aging under complex conditions, it is necessary to carry out relevant experiments on its breakdown resistance and pass the corresponding characteristic parameters. To characterize. Therefore, an experimental device for the breakdown of composite insulating material FRP barrel flakes was invented under the conditions of high voltage, constant humidity and constant temperature, and an experimental method was invented to characterize the change of its insulation performance through the fitting curve of its breakdown voltage U s , It is very important and urgent to evaluate the insulation performance of FRP drum materials.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够反映高压、恒定温度与恒定湿度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶的老化状态的复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置和实验方法。技术方案如下：In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a composite insulating material breakdown experimental device and an experimental method that can reflect the aging state of the composite insulating material FRP drum under high pressure, constant temperature and constant humidity conditions. The technical scheme is as follows:
一种复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置，包括密封的透明老化箱，其内部设有与计算机连接到的加热管、温度传感器和湿度传感器；还设有带有环氧云母绝缘板绝缘支架，复合绝缘材料试样放置在环氧云母绝缘板上，并通过带固定球形铜电极连接到外接线路；电压测量仪监测外接线路对复合绝缘材料试样施加的电压，并将监测值发送给计算机；透明老化箱还通过管道与真空泵连接，真空泵由计算机控制；摄像机设置于透明老化箱外，并将拍摄的发生击穿现象的前后过程的影像数据发送给计算机。A composite insulating material breakdown test device, including a sealed transparent aging box, which is equipped with a heating tube connected to the computer, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; it is also equipped with an insulating bracket with an epoxy mica insulating board, and the composite insulation The material sample is placed on the epoxy mica insulating board, and connected to the external line through a fixed spherical copper electrode; the voltage measuring instrument monitors the voltage applied by the external line to the composite insulating material sample, and sends the monitored value to the computer; transparent aging The box is also connected to a vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the vacuum pump is controlled by a computer; the camera is set outside the transparent aging box, and the image data of the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon occurs is sent to the computer.
实验方法：experimental method:
步骤1：试验环境设定：在透明老化箱内放置干燥剂，通过真空泵对箱内进行抽真空处理，通过加热管对箱内进行加热，并通过温度传感器和湿度传感器采集箱内温度和湿度，确保箱内温度湿度恒定；Step 1: Test environment setting: place a desiccant in the transparent aging box, vacuumize the inside of the box through a vacuum pump, heat the inside of the box through a heating tube, and collect the temperature and humidity in the box through a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. Ensure that the temperature and humidity inside the box are constant;
步骤2：进行击穿实验：控制外接线路通过均匀升压法持续升压，当观察到复合绝缘材料试样发生击穿现象时，记录由电压测量仪传输的击穿电压数据，同时保存摄像机传输的发生击穿现象的前后过程的影像数据；Step 2: Carry out the breakdown test: control the external line to continuously increase the voltage by the uniform boost method. When the breakdown phenomenon of the composite insulating material sample is observed, record the breakdown voltage data transmitted by the voltage measuring instrument, and save the data transmitted by the camera at the same time. The image data of the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon occurs;
步骤3：获得击穿电压的拟合曲线：取测量数据中与初次测量值相差不超过10％的击穿电压值的平均值作为该条件下复合绝缘材料试样7的击穿电压Us：Step 3: Obtain the fitting curve of the breakdown voltage: take the average value of the breakdown voltage values in the measured data that differ from the initial measured value by no more than 10% as the breakdown voltage U s of the composite insulating material sample 7 under this condition:
式中：Us为击穿电压；Ui为测试的击穿电压值；N为测试的有效次数；In the formula: U s is the breakdown voltage; U i is the breakdown voltage value of the test; N is the effective number of tests;
通过所得击穿电压Us，拟合得到击穿电压的拟合曲线。According to the obtained breakdown voltage U s , a fitting curve of the breakdown voltage is obtained by fitting.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明能够反映高压、恒定温度与恒定湿度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶的老化状态，操作简单，安全易行。The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention can reflect the aging state of the glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel of composite insulating material under the conditions of high pressure, constant temperature and constant humidity, and the operation is simple, safe and easy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite insulating material breakdown test device of the present invention.
图中：1-透明老化箱；2-加热管；3-支架；4-绝缘支架；5-环氧云母绝缘板；6-带固定球形铜电极；7-复合绝缘材料试样；8-温度传感器；9-湿度传感器；10-外接线路；11-电压测量仪；12-管道；13-真空泵；14-固定支架；15-摄像机；16-计算机。In the figure: 1-transparent aging box; 2-heating tube; 3-support; 4-insulation support; 5-epoxy mica insulation board; 6-fixed spherical copper electrode; 7-composite insulation material sample; 8-temperature Sensor; 9-humidity sensor; 10-external wiring; 11-voltage measuring instrument; 12-pipeline; 13-vacuum pump; 14-fixing bracket; 15-camera; 16-computer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。如图1所示，一种复合绝缘材料击穿实验装置，其特征在于，包括密封的透明老化箱1，其内部设有与计算机连接到的加热管2、温度传感器8和湿度传感器9；还设有带有环氧云母绝缘板5绝缘支架4，复合绝缘材料试样7放置在环氧云母绝缘板5上，并通过带固定球形铜电极6连接到外接线路10；电压测量仪11监测外接线路10对复合绝缘材料试样7施加的电压，并将监测值发送给计算机；透明老化箱1还通过管道12与真空泵13连接，真空泵13由计算机控制；摄像机15设置于透明老化箱1外，并将拍摄的发生击穿现象的前后过程的影像数据发送给计算机16。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. As shown in Figure 1, a kind of composite insulating material breakdown experimental device is characterized in that, comprises the transparent aging box 1 of sealing, and its interior is provided with the heating pipe 2 that is connected to computer, temperature sensor 8 and humidity sensor 9; Also There is an insulating support 4 with an epoxy mica insulating board 5, and the composite insulating material sample 7 is placed on the epoxy mica insulating board 5, and is connected to the external circuit 10 through a fixed spherical copper electrode 6; the voltage measuring instrument 11 monitors the external connection Line 10 applies the voltage to the composite insulating material sample 7, and the monitoring value is sent to the computer; the transparent aging box 1 is also connected with the vacuum pump 13 through the pipeline 12, and the vacuum pump 13 is controlled by the computer; the video camera 15 is arranged outside the transparent aging box 1, And send the captured image data of the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon occurs to the computer 16 .
实例：高压、恒定湿度与恒定温度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶薄片击穿的实验平台与实验方法包括如下步骤：Example: The experimental platform and experimental method for the breakdown of composite insulating material FRP barrel flakes under the conditions of high pressure, constant humidity and constant temperature include the following steps:
第一步：搭建实验平台The first step: build the experimental platform
搭建高压、恒定湿度与恒定温度条件下复合绝缘材料玻璃钢桶薄片击穿的实验平台，在透明老化箱1内部设置有4根加热管2，将加热管2与计算机16相连接，以接收计算机16发送的控制指令。将带固定球形铜电极6与外接线路10相连，并连通电压测量仪11与计算机16相连，同时接收计算机16发送的控制指令。安装温度传感器8与湿度传感器9，且温度传感器8、湿度传感器9与摄像机15连接至计算机16。将透明老化箱1箱体通过管道12与真空泵13接通，同时真空泵13连接计算机16，并接收计算机16发送的控制指令。Build an experimental platform for the breakdown of composite insulating material glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel slices under the conditions of high pressure, constant humidity and constant temperature. There are 4 heating tubes 2 inside the transparent aging box 1, and the heating tubes 2 are connected to the computer 16 to receive the computer 16. Control commands sent. Connect the fixed spherical copper electrode 6 to the external circuit 10, connect the voltage measuring instrument 11 to the computer 16, and receive the control instructions sent by the computer 16 at the same time. The temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9 are installed, and the temperature sensor 8 , the humidity sensor 9 and the camera 15 are connected to the computer 16 . The transparent aging box 1 is connected to the vacuum pump 13 through the pipeline 12, and the vacuum pump 13 is connected to the computer 16, and receives the control instructions sent by the computer 16.
本实施例选取玻璃钢桶薄片作为试样，将其放置在环氧云母绝缘板5上，并通过两个带固定球形铜电极6连接到外接线路10。In this embodiment, a glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel sheet is selected as a sample, placed on an epoxy mica insulating board 5, and connected to an external circuit 10 through two fixed spherical copper electrodes 6.
第二步：设定试验环境Step 2: Set up the test environment
由计算机16开启真空泵13，对透明老化箱1的箱体内进行抽真空处理，当抽真空处理结束后，通过计算机16设定实验测试温度后，计算机16开启4根加热管2，对箱内进行加热，并通过温度传感器8接收反馈，保证箱体内温度恒定，同时利用干燥剂与湿度传感器9的反馈，保证透明老化箱1内的湿度恒定。The vacuum pump 13 is turned on by the computer 16 to vacuumize the inside of the transparent aging box 1. After the vacuuming process is finished, after the experimental test temperature is set by the computer 16, the computer 16 turns on 4 heating tubes 2 to vacuum the inside of the box. Heating, and receiving feedback through the temperature sensor 8 to ensure a constant temperature in the box, while using the desiccant and the feedback from the humidity sensor 9 to ensure constant humidity in the transparent aging box 1 .
第三步：测试击穿，并记录发生击穿现象的前后过程Step 3: Test the breakdown and record the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon occurs
由计算机16开启外接线路10和摄像机15，并控制外接线路10通过均匀升压法持续升压，当观察到玻璃钢桶薄片试样发生击穿现象时，通过计算机16记录由电压测量仪11传输的击穿电压数据，同时保存摄像机15传输的发生击穿现象的前后过程的影像数据。The external line 10 and the camera 15 are turned on by the computer 16, and the external line 10 is controlled to continuously boost the voltage by the uniform boost method. Breakdown voltage data, and at the same time save the image data of the process before and after the breakdown phenomenon transmitted by the camera 15 .
第四步：获得击穿电压的拟合曲线Step 4: Obtain the fitting curve of the breakdown voltage
通过计算机16取测量数据中与初次测量值相差不超过10％的击穿电压值的平均值作为该条件下硅橡胶的击穿电压Us：Use the computer 16 to take the average value of the breakdown voltage value that differs from the initial measurement value by no more than 10% in the measurement data as the breakdown voltage U s of the silicone rubber under this condition:
式中：Us为击穿电压，单位为kV；Ui为测试的击穿电压值，单位为kV；N为测试的有效次数。In the formula: U s is the breakdown voltage, the unit is kV; U i is the breakdown voltage value of the test, the unit is kV; N is the effective number of tests.
通过所得击穿电压Us，进行拟合并将所得的拟合曲线存储至计算机16。According to the obtained breakdown voltage U s , a fitting is performed and the obtained fitting curve is stored in the computer 16 .
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| CN112129691A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-25 | 华北电力大学 | Experimental device and sampling method for aging of solid insulating materials in extreme environments |
| CN116223996A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A Method for Evaluating the Insulation Properties of Organic Composite Materials by Combined Electrothermal Aging |
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