CN110244116A - The metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power and its plesiochronous calculation method - Google Patents
The metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power and its plesiochronous calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power, the two delay or leading phase potential difference are calculated first with low-frequency ac voltage signal and ac current signal known to phase angle, linear interpolation is recycled to compensate the phase by way of software reconfiguration sampled data and calculate phase compensation factor, the synchroballistic coefficient sampled using the phase compensation factor as DC voltage and DC current, calculates direct current instantaneous power after compensating to sampled data.The high-precision instantaneous power calculated using this method is, it can be achieved that the high-precision that High-accuracy direct current standard electric energy meter pulse exports.This method has the characteristics that be easily achieved, synchronize it is accurate it is high, practicability is good, and can be applied not only to the synchronization in single modulus conversion chip between different channels, the synchronization that sampled signal is realized in the scheme using multiple modulus conversion chips can also be applied.
Description
Technical field
The technical field handled the present invention relates to modulus signal in AC and DC signal measurement more particularly to a kind of direct current
The metering circuit of instantaneous power and its plesiochronous calculation method.
Background technique
With flourishing for new energy, high-precision DC measurement increasingly seems important.Straight containing various clutters
In streaming system, by the synchronism of the data obtained behind DC voltage channel and DC current path sampling, it is directly related to direct current
The accuracy of power measurement.
Multi-channel synchronal sampling is exactly sampled data of multiple sampling channels in synchronization, and has phase between multichannel
The same sampling period.It can be Hardware synchronous sampling and synchronous sampling by software according to the difference of synchronous sampling mode is provided.
Hardware synchronous sampling is that the sampling pulse for being synchronized with measured signal is generated by special hardware circuit, and hardware design is multiple
Miscellaneous and synchronous timeliness is easy to be influenced by hardware circuit parameter consistency.
Synchronous sampling by software is by correcting sampled value, the sampling made with linear interpolation method to the numerical value after sampling
Value is to greatest extent close to ideal sampling instant.
In order to obtaining high-precision direct current instantaneous power, need accurately to guarantee adopting for DC voltage and DC current
The sample data moment is in synchronization.Due in circuit design, sample unit, gain adjusting circuit and filter circuit performance and ginseng
Several difference, difference existing for the real-time of signal reaction, therefore the DC voltage data and DC current data that sampling obtains
There are errors with the practical moment.
Summary of the invention
Shortcoming present in view of the above technology, the present invention, which provides, a kind of synchronizes accurate direct current high, practicability is good
The metering circuit of instantaneous power and its plesiochronous calculation method.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention, including voltage sample component, electricity
Sample unit, the first gain adjustment circuit, the second gain adjustment circuit, the first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, digital-to-analogue is flowed to turn
Change chip, Magnetic isolation chip and processor, the output of the input terminal and voltage sample component of first gain adjustment circuit
End is connected, and the output end of first gain adjustment circuit is connected with the input terminal of the first filter circuit, the second gain tune
The input terminal of whole circuit is connected with the output end of current sample component, the output end of second gain adjustment circuit and the second filter
The input terminal of wave circuit is connected, and the output end of first filter circuit and the output end of the second filter circuit turn with digital-to-analogue
Change chip input terminal be connected, the input terminal of the Magnetic isolation chip is connected with the output end of analog-digital chip, the magnetic every
The output end of off-chip piece is connected with the input terminal of processor.
Wherein, first gain adjustment circuit is identical as the circuit structure of the second gain adjustment circuit, and the first gain
Adjustment circuit and the second gain adjustment circuit include that signal amplification unit and negative signal become positive signal unit, and the signal is put
The output end of big unit is connected with the input terminal that the negative signal becomes positive signal unit.
Wherein, the voltage sample component is voltage sample resistance, and the current sample component is current sampling mutual inductor,
First filter circuit and the second filter circuit are low-pass filter, and the analog-digital chip is 16 SAR pattern numbers
Converter.
A kind of plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power proposed by the present invention, including following calculating step:
S1, it is directed to voltage sample channel and current sample channel, input ac voltage signal is distinguished in analog signal plate
And ac current signal, and angle phi a is explicitly known between ac voltage signal and ac current signal；
S2, in synchronization, start the sampling to ac voltage signal and ac current signal, sampling instant and sampling frequency
Rate is consistent, and processor is handled data after obtaining sampled data, using digital filtering technique, to filter out higher hamonic wave；
S3, frequency and the period that voltage signal and current signal are accurately calculated with zero crossing measuring period method；
S4, according to the sampling period of ac voltage signal and current signal, to ac voltage signal and ac current signal
Linear interpolation reconstruct is done respectively, then carries out fft analysis, finds out included angle b between the two；
S5, on the basis of alternating voltage sampled signal, to alternating current sampled data carry out linear interpolation translation, make to translate
The phase angle between alternating voltage and ac current signal is φ a afterwards, while thereby determining that linear interpolation translation this moment is inserted
It is worth revisory coefficient K, and in a device by numerical value storage；
S6, every time after the analog-to-digital conversion for completing fixed quantity by modulus conversion chip, it is automatic to call interpolation revision system
Number K is simultaneously reconstructed current sampling signal using interpolation algorithm, and voltage sample data and current sampling data is made to reach quasi- same
Step；
S7, in dc power calculating, it is automatic to call interpolation revisory coefficient K simultaneously using interpolation algorithm to current sampling signal
It is reconstructed, then calculates dc power obtained by formula with dc power.
Wherein, in step s 2, in being handled using digital filtering technique to data, the digital filter used is
FIR has limit for length's unit impulse response filter.
Wherein, frequency is calculated according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
The time of each sampled point at equal intervals is set as TS, unidirectional two zero crossings in a cycle are found out, then
Point y1(0) and point y1(n) sampling time between two zero crossings is (N-1) * TS, then by front and back zero crossing, calculate y0(n) with
The time gap of zero crossing is Y1, similarly y1It (n) is Y with the time gap of zero crossing2, claim Y1+Y2It is sampled in an as cycle
The non-integer-period time in period, integer-period sampled time in a cycle are a cycle plus the non-integer-period remainder time
The middle actual samples time, the actual measurement frequency of signal is calculated accordingly；N is the modulus conversion chip within a certain short time
Sampling number.
Wherein, calculating cycle is continued according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
Sampling period, Ts was very short, y0(n) and y1(0) it is straight line that line, which is approximately considered, finds out the company between two o'clock
Line slope, can approximation obtain the signal period to starting point y1(0) time point Y1Are as follows:
F can equally be acquired1(n) to the end time point Y of signal period2Are as follows:
The sampling time T in one complete sample period are as follows:
Wherein, in the step s 7, direct current instantaneous power calculation formula is as follows:
UiAnd iiIt is the sampled value of voltage channel and current channel in synchronization respectively.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Compared with prior art, the output signal of measured voltage signal and current sampling component is carried out gain tune by the present invention
Whole, a series of processing such as low-pass filtering, the analog signal for being converted to suitable analog-digital converter input range is sent into analog-digital converter,
Digital signal is converted to through analog-digital converter again send to processor handled.In the processor first with known to phase angle
Low-frequency ac voltage signal and ac current signal both calculate delay or leading phase potential difference, recycle linear interpolation to pass through
The mode of software reconfiguration sampled data compensates the phase and calculates phase compensation factor, using the phase compensation factor as direct current
The synchroballistic coefficient of voltage and DC current sampling, calculates direct current instantaneous power after compensating to sampled data.This method
Have the characteristics that be easily achieved, synchronize it is accurate it is high, practicability is good, and can be applied not only in single modulus conversion chip not
With the synchronization between channel, the synchronization that sampled signal is realized in the scheme using multiple modulus conversion chips can also be applied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the plesiochronous calculation method flow chart of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the back-up curve figure of signal sampling period of the present invention and frequency calculating process.
Main element symbol description is as follows:
10, voltage sample component 11, current sample component
12, the first gain adjustment circuit 13, the second gain adjustment circuit
14, the first filter circuit 15, the second filter circuit
16, analog-digital chip 17, Magnetic isolation chip
18, processor.
Specific embodiment
In order to more clearly state the present invention, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Refering to fig. 1, a kind of metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention, including voltage sample component 10, current sample
Component 11, the first gain adjustment circuit 12, the second gain adjustment circuit 13, the first filter circuit 14, the second filter circuit 15, number
Mould conversion chip 16, Magnetic isolation chip 17 and processor 18, the input terminal of the first gain adjustment circuit 12 and voltage sample portion
The output end of part 10 is connected, and the output end of the first gain adjustment circuit 12 is connected with the input terminal of the first filter circuit 14, and second
The input terminal of gain adjustment circuit 13 is connected with the output end of current sample component 11, the output end of the second gain adjustment circuit 13
It is connected with the input terminal of the second filter circuit 15, the output of the output end of the first filter circuit 14 and the second filter circuit 15
End is connected with the input terminal of analog-digital chip 16, the input terminal of Magnetic isolation chip 17 and the output end of analog-digital chip 16
It is connected, the output end of Magnetic isolation chip 17 is connected with the input terminal of processor 18.
Compared to the prior art, the output signal of measured voltage signal and current sampling component is carried out gain tune by the present invention
Whole, a series of processing such as low-pass filtering, the analog signal for being converted to suitable analog-digital converter input range is sent into analog-digital converter,
Digital signal is converted to through analog-digital converter again send to processor 18 handled.First with phase angle in processor 18
Known low-frequency ac voltage signal and ac current signal calculate the two delay or leading phase potential difference, recycle linear interpolation
Compensate the phase by way of software reconfiguration sampled data and calculate phase compensation factor, using the phase compensation factor as
The synchroballistic coefficient of DC voltage and DC current sampling, calculates direct current instantaneous power after compensating to sampled data.It should
Method has the characteristics that be easily achieved, synchronize it is accurate it is high, practicability is good, and can be applied not only to single modulus conversion chip
Synchronization between middle difference channel, can also apply and realize the same of sampled signal in the scheme using multiple modulus conversion chips
Step.
Fig. 2 is further regarded to, the first gain adjustment circuit 12 is identical as the circuit structure of the second gain adjustment circuit 13,
And first gain adjustment circuit 12 and the second gain adjustment circuit 13 include that signal amplification unit and negative signal become positive signal
The output end of unit, signal amplification unit is connected with the input terminal that negative signal becomes positive signal unit.As shown in Fig. 2, capacitor C9, electricity
Hold C10, capacitor C11, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, capacitor C14, resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R12, resistance R13, chip U
And signal amplification unit is interconnected to form between an amplifier；Capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor
C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance
The negative signal that is interconnected to form between R8, resistance R9 and an amplifier becomes positive signal unit.
In the present embodiment, voltage sample component 10 is voltage sample resistance, and current sample component 11 is current sample electricity
Resistance, the first filter circuit 14 and the second filter circuit 15 are low-pass filter, and analog-digital chip 16 is 16 SAR pattern numbers
Converter.
Further regard to Fig. 3, a kind of plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power of the present invention, including following calculating step
It is rapid:
S1, it is directed to voltage sample channel and current sample channel, input ac voltage signal is distinguished in analog signal plate
And ac current signal, and angle phi a is explicitly known between ac voltage signal and ac current signal；
S2, in synchronization, start the sampling to ac voltage signal and ac current signal, sampling instant and sampling frequency
Rate is consistent, and processor 18 is handled data after obtaining sampled data, using digital filtering technique, humorous to filter out high order
Wave；
S3, frequency and the period that voltage signal and current signal are accurately calculated with zero crossing measuring period method；
S4, according to the sampling period of ac voltage signal and current signal, to ac voltage signal and ac current signal
Linear interpolation reconstruct is done respectively, then carries out fft analysis, finds out included angle b between the two；
The constraint condition that should be 2 integer power to signal length for fft algorithm proposes a kind of pair of sampled signal and carries out
The FFT improvement strategy of linear interpolation reconstruct mode.
Linear interpolation is a kind of widely used interpolation method in the fields such as mathematics, computer graphics.Existing known coordinate
Point (x0, y0) and (x1, y1) can be calculated to obtain functional value y corresponding to a certain position x in section [x0, x1] by formula
It obtains:
The ratio for enabling equation both sides is α, then
Y=y0+α*(y1-y0)；
When spectrum analysis samples, the time interval that sample frequency can be arranged to 12.8K, between sampled point is very small,
Linear fit degree is very high, thus the error that the algorithm of linear interpolation is carried out in the section of the time interval between sampled point is non-
It is often small.By linear interpolation method, the analysis sample of available 2 integer power length makes it meet the calculating of fft algorithm about
Beam condition.
Improvement fft algorithm based on linear interpolation resampling can obtain the number of cycles of analysis signal and be suitable for FFT
Sample sequence, it is suppressed that the error of leakage effect and fence effect, frequency spectrum to signal and phase analysis processing can be quickly complete
At having very high accuracy and real-time.High-precision alternating voltage can be calculated using fft algorithm according to the method to believe
Number and ac current signal included angle b.
S5, on the basis of alternating voltage sampled signal, to alternating current sampled data carry out linear interpolation translation, make to translate
The phase angle between alternating voltage and ac current signal is φ a afterwards, while thereby determining that linear interpolation translation this moment is inserted
It is worth revisory coefficient K, and in a device by numerical value storage；
S6, every time after the analog-to-digital conversion for completing fixed quantity by modulus conversion chip, it is automatic to call interpolation revision system
Number K is simultaneously reconstructed current sampling signal using interpolation algorithm, and voltage sample data and current sampling data is made to reach quasi- same
Step；This process eliminates the influences of the delay of signal caused by hardware circuit and software sampling control sequential；
S7, in dc power calculating, it is automatic to call interpolation revisory coefficient K simultaneously using interpolation algorithm to current sampling signal
It is reconstructed, then calculates the obtained dc power of formula with dc power, there is very high instantaneous precision, utilize the height
The instantaneous power of precision is, it can be achieved that the high-precision that High-accuracy direct current standard electric energy meter pulse exports.
Such as: when modulus conversion chip sample frequency is 12.8kHz, take it is plesiochronous after 256 voltage and currents in the same time
Sampled data carry out operation (N=256), high-precision direct current instantaneous power in 20 milliseconds can be calculated.
In the present embodiment, in step s 2, in being handled using digital filtering technique to data, the number filter that uses
Wave device is that FIR has limit for length's unit impulse response filter.Cost is saved by the way of digital filtering, modification is convenient, Er Qiewen
It is qualitative good.Common digital filtering has IIR endless impulse response filter and FIR to have limit for length's unit impulse response filter two
Kind, the two respectively has its advantage and disadvantage.The features such as IIR digital filtering has amplitude-frequency effect good, and filter order is low, but its phase is non-thread
Property, the bad control of phase characteristic, and phase changes with cutoff frequency and is changed, and when higher to phase requirements, also needs to add phase
Position calibration network.FIR digital filtering absolute stability has stringent linear phase, can be with while amplitude characteristic is arbitrarily arranged
Guarantee accurate linear phase, but filter order is bigger.Comparison considers that software digital filter uses FIR digital low-pass filtering,
Avoid the interference of higher hamonic wave.
Fig. 4 is further regarded to, frequency is calculated according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
The time of each sampled point at equal intervals is set as TS, unidirectional two zero crossings in a cycle are found out, then
Point y1(0) and point y1(n) sampling time between two zero crossings is (N-1) * TS, then by front and back zero crossing, calculate y0(n) with
The time gap of zero crossing is Y1, similarly y1It (n) is Y with the time gap of zero crossing2, claim Y1+Y2It is sampled in an as cycle
The non-integer-period time in period, integer-period sampled time in a cycle are a cycle plus the non-integer-period remainder time
The middle actual samples time, the actual measurement frequency of signal is calculated accordingly；N is the modulus conversion chip within a certain short time
Sampling number.
In the present embodiment, calculating cycle is continued according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
Sampling period, Ts was very short, y0(n) and y1(0) it is straight line that line, which is approximately considered, finds out the company between two o'clock
Line slope, can approximation obtain the signal period to starting point y1(0) time point Y1Are as follows:
F can equally be acquired1(n) to the end time point Y of signal period2Are as follows:
The sampling time T in one complete sample period are as follows:
In the present embodiment, in the step s 7, direct current instantaneous power calculation formula is as follows:
UiAnd iiIt is the sampled value of voltage channel and current channel in synchronization respectively.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited to this, any ability
What the technical staff in domain can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of metering circuit of direct current instantaneous power, which is characterized in that including voltage sample component, current sample component,
One gain adjustment circuit, the second gain adjustment circuit, the first filter circuit, the second filter circuit, analog-digital chip, Magnetic isolation
The input terminal of chip and processor, first gain adjustment circuit is connected with the output end of voltage sample component, and described
The output end of one gain adjustment circuit is connected with the input terminal of the first filter circuit, the input terminal of second gain adjustment circuit
It is connected with the output end of current sample component, the output end of second gain adjustment circuit and the input terminal of the second filter circuit
Be connected, the output end of the output end of first filter circuit and the second filter circuit with the input terminal of analog-digital chip
It is connected, the input terminal of the Magnetic isolation chip is connected with the output end of analog-digital chip, the output end of the Magnetic isolation chip
It is connected with the input terminal of processor.
2. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First gain adjustment circuit is identical as the circuit structure of the second gain adjustment circuit, and the first gain adjustment circuit and second
Gain adjustment circuit includes that signal amplification unit and negative signal become positive signal unit, the output end of the signal amplification unit
The input terminal for becoming positive signal unit with the negative signal is connected.
3. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The voltage sample component is voltage sample resistance, and the current sample component is current sampling resistor, first filtered electrical
Road and the second filter circuit are low-pass filter, and the analog-digital chip is 16 SAR type analog-to-digital converter.
4. a kind of plesiochronous calculation method of the direct current instantaneous power based on claim 1, which is characterized in that including following calculating
Step:
S1, it is directed to voltage sample channel and current sample channel, input ac voltage signal and friendship is distinguished in analog signal plate
Current signal is flowed, and angle phi a is explicitly known between ac voltage signal and ac current signal；
S2, in synchronization, start the sampling to ac voltage signal and ac current signal, sampling instant and sample frequency one
It causes, processor is handled data after obtaining sampled data, using digital filtering technique, to filter out higher hamonic wave；
S3, frequency and the period that voltage signal and current signal are accurately calculated with zero crossing measuring period method；
S4, according to the sampling period of ac voltage signal and current signal, ac voltage signal and ac current signal are distinguished
Linear interpolation reconstruct is done, then carries out fft analysis, finds out included angle b between the two；
S5, on the basis of alternating voltage sampled signal, to alternating current sampled data carry out linear interpolation translation, make translation after hand over
Phase angle between galvanic electricity pressure and ac current signal is φ a, while thereby determining that linear interpolation translation revision system this moment
Number K, and in a device by numerical value storage；
S6, every time after the analog-to-digital conversion for completing fixed quantity by modulus conversion chip, it is automatic to call interpolation revisory coefficient K simultaneously
Current sampling signal is reconstructed using interpolation algorithm, the voltage sample data and current sampling data after making reconstruct reach quasi-
It is synchronous；
S7, in dc power calculating, it is automatic to call interpolation revisory coefficient K simultaneously using interpolation algorithm to current sampling signal progress
Reconstruct, then dc power obtained by formula is calculated with dc power.
5. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
In step s 2, in being handled using digital filtering technique to data, the digital filter used is that FIR has the punching of limit for length's unit
Swash response filter.
6. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
Frequency is calculated according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
The time of each sampled point at equal intervals is set as TS, unidirectional two zero crossings in a cycle are found out, then point y1
(0) and point y1(n) sampling time between two zero crossings is (N-1) * TS, then by front and back zero crossing, calculate y0(n) and zero passage
The time gap of point is Y1, similarly y1It (n) is Y with the time gap of zero crossing2, claim Y1+Y2Sampling period in an as cycle
The non-integer-period time, integer-period sampled time in a cycle plus the non-integer-period remainder time be in a cycle it is real
The border sampling time calculates the actual measurement frequency of signal accordingly；N is the sampling of the modulus conversion chip within a certain short time
Number.
7. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
Calculating cycle is continued according to following zero crossing measuring period method to AC signal in S3:
Sampling period, Ts was very short, y0(n) and y1(0) it is straight line that line, which is approximately considered, and the line found out between two o'clock is oblique
Rate, can approximation obtain the signal period to starting point y1(0) time point Y1Are as follows:
F can equally be acquired1(n) to the end time point Y of signal period2Are as follows:
The sampling time T in one complete sample period are as follows:
8. metering circuit and its plesiochronous calculation method of direct current instantaneous power according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
In the step s 7, direct current instantaneous power calculation formula is as follows:
UiAnd iiIt is the sampled value of voltage channel and current channel in synchronization respectively.
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| CN201810226701.5A CN110244116B (en) | 2018-03-19 | DC instantaneous power metering circuit and quasi-synchronous calculation method thereof |
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| CN201810226701.5A CN110244116B (en) | 2018-03-19 | DC instantaneous power metering circuit and quasi-synchronous calculation method thereof |
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| CN110726901A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-24 | 深圳市国电科技通信有限公司 | Ranging method based on high-speed carrier zero-crossing synchronization and signal-to-noise ratio |
| CN112014635A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-01 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Electric automobile wireless charging electric energy metering method and device and charging pile |
| CN112213557A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Direct-current metering method for electric energy meter |
| CN112285527A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-29 | 杭州加速科技有限公司 | Fitting method and device for testing chip delay |
| CN113777400A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Software frequency conversion sampling metering method for standard electric energy meter |
| CN115598413A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-01-13 | 东方电子股份有限公司（Cn） | Phase synchronization method for voltage and current simulation channels on power distribution terminal product |
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