CN110243472A - Self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation - Google Patents
Self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110243472A CN110243472A CN201910384950.1A CN201910384950A CN110243472A CN 110243472 A CN110243472 A CN 110243472A CN 201910384950 A CN201910384950 A CN 201910384950A CN 110243472 A CN110243472 A CN 110243472A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2846—Investigating the spectrum using modulation grid; Grid spectrometers
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation, the period for the chirped fiber Bragg grating that its internal grating is obliquely installed, direction changed linearly along the axial length, the input terminal of chirped fiber Bragg grating inputs light source to be measured, reflection output end is connect with the end of probe of the first high-speed photodetector, the output end of first high-speed photodetector and the input terminal of oscillograph connect, and the output end of oscillograph connects processing unit；Cascade electrooptic detection system includes multiple second photodetectors, each second photodetector is all disposed within the corresponding position of chirped fiber Bragg grating, for detecting reflected light signal that corresponding position leaks out and its output end is all connect with the input terminal of data collecting card, the second input terminal of the output end connection processing unit of data collecting card.The present invention can carry out accurate quick and self-alignment spectrum analysis to quick variation spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spectroanalysis instrument fields, and in particular to a kind of self calibration integrated form based on dispersion Fourier transformation
High speed real-time spectrum analyzer.
Background technique
High speed spectroanalysis instrument has many advantages, such as that analysis speed is fast, high resolution, real-time are good, surveys based on transient state spectrum
The special forward position scientific research fields such as biochemistry detection, multi-photon imaging, the ultrafast laser measurement of amount have highly important effect.It is existing
Spectroanalysis instrument working principle is mainly by following two: one kind is scanned to reach measured laser by mechanical scanner
The purpose of light splitting, then spectrum analysis is carried out by photoelectric detecting system and oscillograph；Another kind utilizes grating, optical fiber, light
The dispersion characteristics of the dispersion elements such as fine Bragg grating are divided measured laser, then external photoelectric detecting system carries out letter
Number reception, corresponding spectrogram is finally shown on oscillograph.But the standard spectrum of mechanical scanning or imaging technique is relied on,
Accessible sweep speed (frame rate) is typically too slow, can not solve the fast spectrum dynamics problem of laser system.Utilize color
The mechanism that scattered element is divided can only capture the average data in significant period of time, cannot achieve in light source to be measured absolutely
The real-time measurement of wavelength, and when measuring absolute wavelength can not carry out real time calibration, but need to take multiple measurements into
The calibration of row later period, so that system loss is larger, signal-to-noise ratio is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation, with solution
The problem of certainly current spectroanalysis instrument can not carry out real-time measurement and real time calibration to absolute wavelength in light source to be measured.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, it is high to provide a kind of self calibration integrated form based on dispersion Fourier transformation
Fast real-time spectrum analyzer, the chirped fiber Bragg grating being obliquely installed including internal grating, the first high-speed photodetector,
Cascade electrooptic detection system, oscillograph, data collecting card and processing unit, wherein the period of the chirped fiber Bragg grating
Direction changes linearly along the axial length, and the input terminal of the chirped fiber Bragg grating is reflected for inputting light source to be measured
Output end is connect with the end of probe of first high-speed photodetector, the output end of first high-speed photodetector and institute
The input terminal connection of oscillograph is stated, the output end of the oscillograph connects the first input end of the processing unit；The cascade
Photoelectric detecting system includes multiple second photodetectors, and the end of probe of each second photodetector is all disposed within the chirp
The corresponding position of fiber bragg grating, for each corresponding position, the chirped fiber Bragg grating is in the correspondence position
The light ingredient that corresponding wavelength in the light source to be measured is returned in place's retroeflection is set, under the influence of internal oblique raster, each right
The part optical signals being reflected back at position are answered to be compromised out, each second photodetector is used to detect corresponding position and lets out
The reflected light signal spilt and its output end is all connect with the input terminal of the data collecting card, the data collecting card it is defeated
Outlet connects the second input terminal of the processing unit；
After the light source onwards transmission to the chirped fiber Bragg grating to be measured, the one side chirped fiber Bradley
The frequency domain information of the light source to be measured is converted to time-domain information based on dispersion Fourier transformation by lattice grating, retroeflection formed with when
Between be variable wavy curve, first high-speed photodetector is acquired the wavy curve and is transferred to described show
Wave device, the oscillograph show the wavy curve, and the wavy curve is transferred to the processing unit；It is another
Each second photodetector is after detecting the reflected light signal leaked out in the aspect cascade electrooptic detector, acquisition
The corresponding pulse strength of the reflected light signal detected to it, so that being formed includes reflected light signal pulse strength under different wave length
Envelope curve, the data collecting card is acquired the envelope curve, and the envelope curve is sent to the place
Manage device；The processing unit is fitted the wavy curve and envelope curve, realizes absolute wavelength in light source to be measured
REAL-TIME SELF and measurement.
In an optional implementation manner, the tilt angle value range of the internal grating is 30 ° -60 °.
In another optional implementation, the tilt angle of the internal grating is identical.
In another optional implementation, the processing unit is computer, and the computer utilizes MATLAB pairs
The wavy curve and envelope curve are fitted, and are also shown using MFC to the spectral curve after fitting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention utilizes chirped fiber Bragg grating by inputting light source to be measured in chirped fiber Bragg grating
The frequency domain information in light source to be measured is converted into time-domain information based on dispersion Fourier transformation, it is to become that retroeflection, which was formed with the time,
The wavy curve of amount, it is possible thereby to realize the real-time measurement of absolute wavelength, and by the present invention in that chirped fiber Bragg light
The period of grid, direction changed linearly along the axial length, the difference that can be detected to avoid the first high-speed photodetector in demodulation
There is mistake when reflected light signal under wavelength, and can guarantee dispersion uniform, frequency domain spectra equal proportion is made to be mapped to timing,
It realizes light broadening, reduction peak power can be reached, to realize the amplification of pulse laser in the gain medium, avoid non-linear
Influence of the factor in amplification process.In addition, the present invention is by setting the inside grating slope in chirped fiber Bragg grating
It sets, makes there are part optical signals to leak in reflected optical signal, detected by corresponding second photodetector, make each
A second photodetector is acquired the pulse strength of corresponding wavelength optical signal, so that obtaining includes different wave length reflected light
The envelope curve of signal pulse intensity calibrates pulse strength corresponding in wavy curve using the envelope curve, can be with
Realize the REAL-TIME SELF of absolute wavelength in light source to be measured.The present invention is based on inclined chirped fiber Bragg gratings as a result, simultaneously
It may be implemented to carry out the fast-changing spectrum such as ultrafast laser accurate quick and self-alignment light using dispersion Fourier transformation
Spectrum analysis, and spectrum analysis speed can be promoted to MHZ, GHZ magnitude.
2, the tilt angle value range of internal grating is 30 ° -60 ° in chirped fiber Bragg grating of the present invention, thus
It can not only guarantee that the second photodetector collects the reflected light signal of corresponding wavelength, but also can guarantee the first high speed optoelectronic
Detector can collect all optical signals being reflected back.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a reality of the self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer the present invention is based on dispersion Fourier transformation
Apply a structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is chirped fiber Bragg grating schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in embodiment in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, and make of the invention real
The above objects, features, and advantages for applying example can be more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing to technical side in the embodiment of the present invention
Case is described in further detail.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that term " connection " should do broad sense reason
Solution, for example, it may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, the connection being also possible to inside two elements can be directly connected, it can also
Indirectly connected through an intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned
The concrete meaning of term.
Referring to Fig. 1, for the present invention is based on the self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzers of dispersion Fourier transformation
One embodiment structural schematic diagram.The spectroanalysis instrument may include the chirped fiber Bragg grating that internal grating is obliquely installed
1, the first high-speed photodetector 2, cascade electrooptic detection system 3, oscillograph 5, data collecting card 4 and processing unit 6, wherein institute
The period for stating chirped fiber Bragg grating 1, direction changed linearly along the axial length, the chirped fiber Bragg grating 1
For inputting light source to be measured, reflection output end is connect input terminal with the end of probe of first high-speed photodetector 2, and described the
The output end of one high-speed photodetector 2 is connect with the input terminal of the oscillograph 5, and the output end of the oscillograph 5 connects institute
State the first input end of processing unit 6；The cascade electrooptic detection system 3 includes multiple second photodetectors 31, Mei Ge
The corresponding position that the end of probe of two photodetectors 31 is all disposed within the chirped fiber Bragg grating 1 (such as is attached to pair
Answer on surface of position), for each corresponding position, the chirped fiber Bragg grating 1 is in the corresponding position retroeflection
The light ingredient for returning corresponding wavelength in the light source to be measured reflects under the influence of internal oblique raster in each corresponding position
Return part optical signals be compromised out, each second photodetector 31 for detect corresponding position leak out it is anti-
It penetrates optical signal and output end is all connect with the input terminal of the data collecting card 4, the output end of the data collecting card 4 connects institute
State the second input terminal of processing unit 6.
After the light source onwards transmission to be measured to the chirped fiber Bragg grating 1, the one side chirped fiber cloth
The frequency domain information of the light source to be measured is converted to time-domain information based on dispersion Fourier transformation by glug grating 1, and retroeflection is formed
Using the time as the wavy curve of variable, first high-speed photodetector 2 is acquired and is transferred to the wavy curve
The oscillograph 5, the oscillograph 5 shows the wavy curve, and the wavy curve is transferred to the processing
Device 6；On the other hand each second photodetector 31 is detecting the reflection leaked out in the cascade electrooptic detector 3
After optical signal, the corresponding pulse strength of reflected light signal that it is detected is collected, so that being formed includes reflecting under different wave length
The envelope curve of optical signal pulses intensity, the data collecting card 4 are acquired the envelope curve, and the envelope is bent
Line is sent to the processing unit 6；The processing unit 6 is fitted the wavy curve and envelope curve, realizes to be measured
The REAL-TIME SELF and measurement of absolute wavelength in light source.
In the present embodiment, screen periods refer to the length from a refraction index changing point to adjacent refraction index changing point
Degree, the i.e. corresponding position for two neighboring reflection different wave length optical signals on chirped fiber Bragg grating, two corresponding positions
The distance between just be screen periods.Due to reflecting the position of different wave length optical signal respectively not phase on chirped fiber Bragg grating
Together, if just for a branch of light source to be measured, accordingly the reflected light signal of different wave length is transmitted to the detection of the first high speed optoelectronic backward
Also can be different at the time of device, at the time of the first high-speed photodetector is according to reflected light signal is detected, so that it may which determining should
Reflected light signal is corresponding with which wavelength.But light source measurement to be measured is continuously process, for continuous two beams light to be measured
Source, the reflected light signal of different wave length may be identical at the time of being transmitted to the first high-speed photodetector backward.Assuming that two is adjacent
Corresponding wavelength optical signal transmission and reflection is returned the first high speed from first position by the corresponding position for reflecting different wave length optical signal
It is t at the time of photodetector, returns the first high-speed photodetector from the second place by corresponding wavelength optical signal transmission and reflection
At the time of be 2t, then under a branch of light source to be measured input when, from first position by corresponding wavelength optical signal transmission and reflection return
It is 2t at the time of first high-speed photodetector, it is clear that corresponding wavelength light is believed in the second position when inputting with upper a branch of light source to be measured
Number transmission and reflection is returned identical at the time of the first high-speed photodetector, and the moment cannot be distinguished in the first high-speed photodetector at this time
Collected two reflected light signals are specifically corresponding with which wavelength, to occur reflecting signal demodulation mistake.The present invention passes through
The period for making chirped fiber Bragg grating, direction changed linearly along the axial length, it is ensured that no matter whenever, it is different
The reflected light signal of wavelength is different from the time of being transmitted to the first high-speed photodetector, avoids the first high-speed photodetector
There is mistake in the different wave length reflected light signal that demodulation detects, and can guarantee dispersion uniform, makes frequency domain spectra etc.
Ratio is mapped to timing, realizes light broadening, can reach reduction peak power, to realize pulse laser in the gain medium
Amplification, avoids influence of the non-linear factor in amplification process.
It, will due to being directed to for reflecting each corresponding position of different wave length optical signal in chirped fiber Bragg grating
The duration that corresponding wavelength optical signal is reflected back the first high-speed photodetector is different and not in integral multiple relation, therefore first
High-speed photodetector can seek current time first and receive each wavelength reflection letter after detecting reflected light signal
Number initial time between difference, the difference is then reflected back the first high-speed photodetector divided by each wavelength channels
Duration, if integer, it is determined that the reflection signal is corresponding with corresponding wavelength, and the reflection signal is plotted to and the integer pair
In the wavy curve answered, to be formed using the time as the wavy curve of variable.First high-speed photodetector is collecting waveform
After curve, each wavy curve is transferred to oscillograph, oscillograph show and be transferred to wavy curve to wavy curve
Processing unit.
In addition, the inside grating in the present embodiment in chirped fiber Bragg grating is obliquely installed, so setting be in order to
Make there are part optical signals to reflect from it from the corresponding wavelength optical signal that chirped fiber Bragg grating corresponding position is reflected back
Output end leaks, to be detected by corresponding second photodetector.Since each second photodetector is set
It sets at different positions on chirped fiber Bragg grating, and each not phase of the wavelength for the optical signal that can be reflected back at different location
Together, therefore the wavelength of the reflected light signal leaked out that detects of each second photodetector is different.Although chirped light
Internal being obliquely installed for grating can be such that the part optical signals in the optical signal being reflected back leak in fine Bragg grating, make
Second photodetector detects the reflected light signal of corresponding wavelength, but reflects for chirped fiber Bragg grating front end
The optical signal returned, axially length direction transmits needs backward, it will appear loss during transmitting backward, if let out
The reflected light signal that exposing is gone is more, then the reflected light signal that the first high-speed photodetector detects can be fainter, on the contrary,
If the reflected light signal leaked out is less, the reflected light signal that the second photodetector detects is just fainter.For
This, the tilt angle value range of internal grating is 30 ° -60 ° in chirped fiber Bragg grating of the present invention, thus not only can be with
Guarantee that the second photodetector collects the reflected light signal of corresponding wavelength, and can guarantee the first high-speed photodetector energy
Enough collect all optical signals being reflected back.The envelope curve that data collecting card obtains each second photodetector is adopted
Collection, and collected each envelope curve is transferred to processing unit.In addition, the chirp of chirped fiber Bragg grating of the present invention
Coefficient can be 0.02-2000ps2；Measured laser wavelength is 750-2100nm, and broadening amount is generally higher than 10ns, and reflectivity is general
Greater than 99%.
Processing unit intends the wavy curve and envelope curve after receiving wavy curve and envelope curve
It closes, using the pulse strength of reflected light signal under corresponding wavelength in envelope curve, to the pulse under corresponding wavelength in wavy curve
Intensity carries out real time calibration.In the present embodiment, absolute wavelength refers to the wave-length coverage of selected measurement, and chirped fiber Bragg light
Grid can be customization processing, and the tilt angle of each internal grating can be identical, and light source to be measured may include that spectrum is quick
The laser of variation.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, the present invention utilizes Zhou by inputting light source to be measured in chirped fiber Bragg grating
Frequency domain information in light source to be measured based on dispersion Fourier transformation is converted to time-domain information by fiber bragg grating of singing, backward instead
The wavy curve to be formed using the time as variable is penetrated, it is possible thereby to realize the real-time measurement of absolute wavelength, and by the present invention in that
The period of chirped fiber Bragg grating, direction changed linearly along the axial length, can exist to avoid the first high-speed photodetector
There is mistake when demodulating the reflected light signal under the different wave length detected, and can guarantee dispersion uniform, makes frequency domain spectra
Equal proportion is mapped to timing, realizes light broadening, can reach reduction peak power, to realize pulse laser in the gain medium
Amplification, avoid influence of the non-linear factor in amplification process.In addition, the present invention is by will be in chirped fiber Bragg grating
Inside grating be obliquely installed, make there are part optical signals to leak in reflected optical signal, by corresponding second photoelectricity
Detector detects, and is acquired each second photodetector to the pulse strength of corresponding wavelength optical signal, to obtain
Envelope curve including different wave length reflected light signal pulse strength, using the envelope curve to pulse corresponding in wavy curve
Intensity is calibrated, and the REAL-TIME SELF of absolute wavelength in light source to be measured may be implemented.The present invention is based on inclined chirps as a result,
Fiber bragg grating simultaneously may be implemented to carry out the fast-changing spectrum such as ultrafast laser accurate using dispersion Fourier transformation
Quick and self-alignment spectrum analysis, and spectrum analysis speed can be promoted to MHZ, GHZ magnitude.
In addition, the processing unit can be computer, the computer can use MATLAB (for the U.S.
The business mathematics software that MathWorks company produces) wavy curve and envelope curve are fitted, it can also utilize
MFC (Microsoft Foundation class libraries) shows the spectral curve after fitting.As shown in connection with fig. 2, chirped fiber Bragg grating
Input terminal connect with the second end of optical circulator (such as circulator), the first end of optical circulator is for inputting light to be measured
Source, third end are connect with the end of probe of the first high-speed photodetector, and the optical signal transmission for will reflect back into is to the first high speed
Photodetector.
Those skilled in the art after considering the specification and implementing the invention disclosed here, will readily occur to of the invention its
Its embodiment.This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, these modifications, purposes or
Person's adaptive change follows general principle of the invention and including the undocumented common knowledge in the art of the present invention
Or conventional techniques.The description and examples are only to be considered as illustrative, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by following
Claim is pointed out.
It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure already described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and
And various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.The scope of the present invention is limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation, which is characterized in that including
Chirped fiber Bragg grating that internal grating is obliquely installed, the first high-speed photodetector, cascade electrooptic detection system, oscillography
Device, data collecting card and processing unit, wherein the period of the chirped fiber Bragg grating, direction was linear along the axial length
Variation, the input terminal of the chirped fiber Bragg grating is for inputting light source to be measured, reflection output end and first high speed
The end of probe of photodetector connects, and the output end of first high-speed photodetector and the input terminal of the oscillograph connect
It connects, the output end of the oscillograph connects the first input end of the processing unit；The cascade electrooptic detection system includes more
The end of probe of a second photodetector, each second photodetector is all disposed within pair of the chirped fiber Bragg grating
It answers at position, for each corresponding position, the chirped fiber Bragg grating returns described in the corresponding position retroeflection
The light ingredient of corresponding wavelength in light source to be measured, under the influence of internal oblique raster, in the portion that each corresponding position is reflected back
Spectroscopic signal is compromised out, and each second photodetector is used to detect the reflected light signal that corresponding position leaks out
And its output end is all connect with the input terminal of the data collecting card, the output end of the data collecting card connects the processing dress
The second input terminal set；
After the light source onwards transmission to the chirped fiber Bragg grating to be measured, the one side chirped fiber Bragg light
The frequency domain information of the light source to be measured is converted to time-domain information in dispersion Fourier transformation by grid base, and retroeflection, which was formed with the time, is
The wavy curve of variable, first high-speed photodetector are acquired the wavy curve and are transferred to the oscillography
Device, the oscillograph show the wavy curve, and the wavy curve is transferred to the processing unit；Another party
Each second photodetector collects after detecting the reflected light signal leaked out in cascade electrooptic detector described in face
Its corresponding pulse strength of reflected light signal detected, so that being formed includes reflected light signal pulse strength under different wave length
Envelope curve, the data collecting card are acquired the envelope curve, and the envelope curve is sent to the processing
Device；The processing unit is fitted the wavy curve and envelope curve, realizes the reality of absolute wavelength in light source to be measured
When self calibration and measurement.
2. the self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer according to claim 1 based on dispersion Fourier transformation,
It is characterized in that, the tilt angle value range of the internal grating is 30 ° -60 °.
3. the self calibration integrated form high speed real time spectrum analysis according to claim 1 or 2 based on dispersion Fourier transformation
Instrument, which is characterized in that the tilt angle of the internal grating is identical.
4. the self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer according to claim 1 based on dispersion Fourier transformation,
It is characterized in that, the processing unit is computer, the computer is using MATLAB to the wavy curve and envelope curve
It is fitted, also the spectral curve after fitting is shown using MFC.
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| CN115112038A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-27 | 西北核技术研究所 | High-precision distributed strain measurement optical system and measurement method |
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