CN110242236B - Rotary drilling rig and construction method - Google Patents
Rotary drilling rig and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110242236B CN110242236B CN201910653190.XA CN201910653190A CN110242236B CN 110242236 B CN110242236 B CN 110242236B CN 201910653190 A CN201910653190 A CN 201910653190A CN 110242236 B CN110242236 B CN 110242236B
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- unlocking
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- bucket
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B51/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by other non-mechanical means
- E05B51/02—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by other non-mechanical means by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
- E21B12/06—Mechanical cleaning devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary drilling rig and a construction method, wherein the rotary drilling rig comprises a mast, a power head, a drill rod, a drill bucket and a drill bucket unlocking device; the power head is movably arranged on the mast, and the drill rod is connected with the power head; the unlocking device comprises an unlocking disc, a driving device, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, and the unlocking disc is driven by the driving device to rotate in a horizontal plane according to a preset angle, so that the unlocking disc can apply a downward force to a drilling bucket unlocking rod at a drilling bucket unlocking position to open a drilling bucket door. The rotary drilling rig disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and reasonable in arrangement, solves the problem that the soil is difficult to discharge in the soil drilling operation hopper of the rotary drilling rig, improves the operation efficiency, and further protects the use safety of structural members of the rotary drilling rig. The construction method of the rotary drilling rig ensures that the construction operation is more efficient, safer and more environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piling machinery, in particular to a rotary drilling rig and a construction method.
Background
The rotary drilling rig is hydraulic driving equipment, which is periodic operation equipment for driving a drill rod and a drilling bucket to rotate and pressurize through controlling the rotation and the pressurization of a power head to cut soil into the drilling bucket, then taking the drilling bucket out of a hole by lifting a main hoisting steel wire rope, taking the drilling bucket to a position deviating from the hole by the rotary action of the rotary drilling rig, and opening a drilling bucket door through a power head soil throwing disc to discharge the soil out of the hole.
At present, two main modes of discharging soil of a drilling bucket of an internal rotation drilling rig in the industry are a common soil throwing mode, namely, a power head is started to rotate and then suddenly braked, and then the power head is rotated and then suddenly braked, the operation mode of 'moving-stopping-' is adopted again and again, and soil in the drilling bucket is shaken loose and thrown out by using the physical phenomenon of inertia; in addition, a high-speed soil throwing device is added at the power head, namely, the speed reduction ratio gear of the speed reducer is switchable, a high-torque low-speed gear is adopted when the drilling is performed, a low-torque high-speed gear is adopted when the drilling is performed, the speed reduction ratio of the speed reducer is controlled in the mode to realize high-speed soil throwing of the power head, the rotating speed of the power head can reach more than 100r/min when the speed reduction ratio of the speed reducer is controlled in the mode, and the soil of the drilling bucket is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, so that the aim of discharging the soil is achieved.
The first soil discharging mode has the following defects: 1) Although the operation mode of 'moving-stopping-' is adopted, clay still cannot come out from the drilling bucket, and sometimes hundreds of clay can not come out after being circulated back and forth, so that the working efficiency of the drilling bucket for discharging soil is very low due to very long time consumption; 2) The 'moving-stopping-' circulation is that no buffer and damping mechanism is arranged in the middle to protect structural members, all contact surfaces are collision of steel to steel, structural members such as a drill rod, a power head and the like are seriously damaged, and the mast guide rail, the drill rod body and key bar weld joints are cracked; 3) The cycle of 'moving-stopping-' can be heard by people beyond 1km, and especially bring disastrous noise pollution to nearby residents; (4) For small holes, especially those within 800mm in diameter, the clay is not discharged at all. The second soil discharging mode has the following main disadvantages: (1) When the rotary drilling rig drills, if the clay layer small hole pile with the diameter of the drilling bucket within 800mm is encountered, the soil is thrown out and cannot be discharged; (2) Under the condition of high-speed soil throwing, the output speed of the motor is usually over 4000r/min, so that the motor is easy to burn out due to high-speed running; meanwhile, the output speed of the speed reducer reaches 5 times or more of that of the speed reducer during working, so that the lubrication of gear oil of the speed reducer to gears is insufficient due to high-speed operation, the internal temperature of the speed reducer is ultrahigh, the speed reducer gear subjected to heat treatment is softened for a long time, the strength is greatly reduced, and the speed reducer is broken in teeth and other faults.
Aiming at the problems of the two types of soil discharging modes of the drilling bucket of the rotary drilling rig, the prior art has researches on the soil discharging mode of the drilling bucket, for example, the patent number 201110103357.9 discloses a drilling bucket which can open a bucket door continuously and discharge soil forcedly. Although the drilling bucket in the application can eliminate the impact force on equipment in the soil unloading process of the drilling machine, the pushing mechanism has a complex structure, so that the soil discharging operation mode of the drilling bucket of the rotary drilling machine needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotary drilling rig so as to solve the problem that the soil discharge of a drilling bucket of the conventional rotary drilling rig in the soil drilling operation is difficult.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a rotary drilling rig, which comprises a mast, a power head, a drill rod, a drill bucket and a drill bucket unlocking device; the power head can be arranged on the mast in a vertically movable manner, and the drill rod is connected with the power head;
The drill bucket is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod and comprises a drill bucket body, a drill bucket door opening device and an auxiliary soil unloading device; the drilling bucket door is hinged to an opening at the bottom end of the drilling bucket body, and the drilling bucket door opening device comprises a drilling bucket unlocking rod and a lock hook which is matched with a lock catch on the drilling bucket door and is directly or indirectly connected with the bottom of the drilling bucket unlocking rod; the auxiliary soil unloading device comprises an extrusion rod, an extrusion disc and a damping mechanism, wherein the extrusion rod penetrates through the top of the drilling bucket body, the extrusion disc is arranged at the lower end of the extrusion rod, the periphery of the extrusion disc is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the drilling bucket body, and the damping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the extrusion rod;
The unlocking device comprises an unlocking disc, a driving device, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, wherein the first mounting seat is mounted on one vertical side surface of the mast, the second mounting seat is mounted on the other vertical side surface of the mast, the vertical side surfaces where the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are arranged are two adjacent vertical side surfaces, one end of the unlocking disc is rotationally connected with the second mounting seat, one end of the driving device is connected with the first mounting seat, the other end of the driving device is connected with the unlocking disc, and the driving device is used for driving the unlocking disc to rotate in a horizontal plane according to a preset angle, so that the other end of the unlocking disc can apply a downward pressure to the drilling bucket unlocking rod at a drilling bucket unlocking position, and the drilling bucket door is opened.
Further, the first mounting seat is mounted on the lower portion of one side, facing the cab of the rotary drilling rig main body, of the mast, and the second mounting seat is mounted on the lower portion of the other side, adjacent to the side where the first mounting seat is located.
Further, the unlocking disc is of an L-shaped structure, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the mast; the driving device is an unlocking oil cylinder, the cylinder body of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the first mounting seat, and the piston rod of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the unlocking disc.
Further, reinforcing rib plates are further arranged on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the unlocking disc, and the unlocking disc can rotate 90-155 degrees around the rotating shaft under the action of the unlocking oil cylinder.
Further, the damping mechanism comprises a damping head, a damping rod and a damping spring, wherein the upper end of the damping rod is connected with the damping head, the lower end of the damping rod is connected with the extrusion rod, and the damping spring is sleeved on the damping rod and between the damping head and the extrusion rod; the damping head comprises a damping groove recessed downwards from the top surface of the damping head and a through hole which is arranged at the bottom of the damping groove and has smaller radial dimension than the damping groove; the damping rod comprises a damping rod head with a radial dimension larger than that of the through hole and a damping rod body with a radial dimension smaller than that of the through hole, the damping rod head is positioned in the damping groove, and the damping rod body is inserted in the through hole; the damping head can reciprocate up and down along the length direction of the extrusion rod under the action of the elasticity of the power head and the damping spring.
Further, the lower end of the shock-absorbing rod body is connected with the extrusion rod through threads.
Further, the height of the drilling bucket body is 1.2-1.5 m.
The invention also provides a construction method of the rotary drilling rig, which comprises the following steps:
Step A, in-hole operation and movement of the drilling bucket from the hole: the power head drives the drilling bucket to rotate forward through the drill rod so as to cut soil downwards, after the drilling bucket is filled with the soil, the power head pressurizes the reverse drilling bucket to enable the drilling bucket door to be closed, and then the drilling bucket is lifted to a vacant position outside a drilled hole;
Step B, unlocking: rotating the drilling bucket and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod to rotate to a position close to the drilling bucket unlocking device, controlling the unlocking cylinder to extend out to enable the unlocking disc to rotate around the rotating shaft from an initial position to a drilling bucket unlocking position, then lifting the drilling bucket upwards and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod to touch the unlocking disc so as to enable the lock hook to be separated from the lock catch, and opening the drilling bucket door; then controlling the unlocking oil cylinder to shrink to drive the unlocking disc to reset to the initial position;
step C, extruding and unloading soil: the power head is lowered, the soil throwing disc of the power head is contacted with the damping head of the drilling bucket, the damping head compresses the damping spring until the top surface of the damping head is level with the top surface of the top of the damping rod, the position is a spring limiting position, then the damping head and the damping rod are continuously pressed down, and as the damping rod is rigidly connected with the extrusion rod and the extrusion disc, the downward acting force applied by the soil throwing disc of the power head to the damping head and the damping rod enables the extrusion disc to downwards extrude soil, and the soil in the drilling bucket is extruded downwards;
Step D, finishing the operation: and (3) closing the drill bucket door, rotating the empty drill bucket back to the position above the drill hole, and repeating the steps A to C for periodic operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The rotary drilling rig comprises a mast, a power head, a drill rod, a drill bucket and a drill bucket unlocking device arranged at the lower part of the mast, wherein the unlocking device comprises an unlocking disc, a driving device, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, and the driving device drives the unlocking disc to rotate in a horizontal plane at a preset angle, so that the unlocking disc can stop the drill bucket to ascend at the unlocking position of the drill bucket, and further, the lower pressure is applied to the unlocking rod of the drill bucket to open the drill bucket door. The unlocking device of the rotary drilling rig has a simple structure and reasonable arrangement, not only can realize the opening of the drilling bucket by using the unlocking device, but also can ensure that the unlocking device does not occupy the space above the drilling bucket, does not influence the coordination of the power head and the soil unloading device, and improves the soil unloading operation efficiency. And the power head of the rotary drilling rig is matched with the auxiliary soil unloading device to extrude soil out of the drilling bucket, so that the problem that the soil is difficult to discharge in the drilling bucket of the rotary drilling rig during the soil drilling operation is solved, the operation efficiency is improved, and the use safety of structural members of the rotary drilling rig can be further protected.
(2) The damping mechanism comprises a damping head, a damping rod and a damping spring, wherein the upper end of the damping rod is connected with the damping head, the lower end of the damping rod is connected with the extrusion rod, and the damping spring is sleeved on the damping rod and is arranged between the damping head and the extrusion rod; the damping head can reciprocate up and down along the length direction of the extrusion rod under the elastic force of the power head and the damping spring; effectively avoid the impact of unit head driving piece cover and drilling rod to send the loud noise puzzlement.
(3) According to the auxiliary soil unloading device of the drilling bucket, soil in the drilling bucket can be rapidly extruded out of the drilling bucket; the invention can increase the capacity of the drilling bucket to 1.5-2 times of the original drilling bucket by increasing the height of the drilling bucket, and simultaneously can easily discharge the soil of the drilling bucket, thereby greatly increasing the construction efficiency.
(4) The construction method of the rotary drilling rig ensures that the construction operation is more efficient, safer and more environment-friendly.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotary drilling rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drill bucket of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the drill unlocking device according to the present invention (the driving device 6.2 is shown in a simple drawing);
Wherein, 1, the main body of the rotary drilling rig, 2, masts, 3, power heads, 3.1, a power head soil throwing disc, 4, a drill rod, 5, a drill bucket, 5.1, a drill bucket body, 5.2, a drill bucket door, 5.3, a drill bucket unlocking rod, 5.4, an extrusion rod, 5.5, an extrusion disc, 5.6 and a damping mechanism, 5.6a, a damping head, 5.6b, a damping rod, 5.6c, a damping spring, 5.7, bucket teeth, 5.8, a guide seat, 6, a drilling bucket unlocking device, 6.1, an unlocking disc, 6.1a, reinforcing rib plates, 6.2, a driving device, 6.3, a first mounting seat, 6.4, a second mounting seat, 6.5 and a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the rotary drilling rig of the invention comprises a rotary drilling rig main body 1, a mast 2, a power head 3, a drill rod 4, a drill bucket 5 and a drill bucket unlocking device 6; the mast is rotatably arranged on the main body 1 of the drilling rig, the power head is arranged on the mast in a vertically sliding way, the drill rod is connected with the power head, the drilling bucket is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod and driven by the power head to work, and the drilling bucket unlocking device is arranged at the lower part of the mast.
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the drilling bucket includes a drilling bucket body 5.1, a drilling bucket door 5.2, a drilling bucket door opening device and an auxiliary soil unloading device, the drilling bucket door is provided with a bucket tooth 5.7, the top of the drilling bucket body is provided with a guide seat 5.8, the drilling bucket door is assembled at the bottom opening of the drilling bucket body through a pivot, the assembly mode is similar to a common revolving door, and the drilling bucket door can be completely opened according to the requirement and is provided with a lock catch; the drilling bucket door opening device comprises a drilling bucket unlocking rod 5.3, a connector and a lock hook, wherein the lower end of the drilling bucket unlocking rod is positioned in the drilling bucket body, the lower end of the drilling bucket unlocking rod is connected with one end of the lock hook through the connector, the other end of the lock hook is matched with the lock catch on the drilling bucket door, the lock hook is arranged on the drilling bucket body in a rotating mode through a lock hook seat, and the lock hook seat is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the drilling bucket body.
The auxiliary soil unloading device comprises two extrusion rods 5.4, an extrusion disc 5.5 and a damping mechanism 5.6, wherein the extrusion disc 5.5 is arranged at the lower end of the extrusion rods and is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the drilling bucket body, the damping mechanism is used for buffering, and the extrusion rods vertically penetrate through guide seats 5.8 arranged at the top of the drilling bucket body, so that the extrusion rods are prevented from swinging in the working process. The damping mechanism comprises a damping head 5.6a, a damping rod 5.6b and a damping spring 5.6c, wherein the damping head 5.6a comprises a damping groove recessed downwards from the top surface of the damping head and a through hole arranged at the bottom of the damping groove; the damping rod comprises a damping rod head with a radial dimension larger than that of the through hole and a damping rod body with a radial dimension smaller than that of the through hole, the damping rod head is positioned in the damping groove, and the damping rod body is inserted in the through hole; the damping spring is sleeved on the damping rod and is arranged between the damping head and the extrusion rod, and the lower end of the damping rod body is connected with the extrusion rod through threads; the damping head can reciprocate up and down along the length direction of the extrusion rod under the action of the elasticity of the power head and the damping spring. During installation, the lower end of the shock absorption rod penetrates through the through hole in the shock absorption head, so that the shock absorption rod is connected with the shock absorption head, the shock absorption spring is sleeved on the shock absorption rod, then the installation is completed by screwing the shock absorption rod and the extrusion rod, and the distance between the upper surface of the shock absorption head and the top surface of the shock absorption rod is the buffer distance of the shock absorption mechanism. According to the structure, the damping spring is sleeved on the damping rod, so that the damping rod can be pre-tightened and buffered, the impact of the power head driving piece sleeve and the drill rod is effectively avoided, and noise is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 in combination, the unlocking device in this embodiment includes an unlocking disc 6.1 with an L-shaped structure, a driving device 6.2 for driving the unlocking disc to rotate, a first mounting seat 6.3 and a second mounting seat 6.4, the first mounting seat is mounted on one vertical side surface of the mast, the second mounting seat is mounted on the other vertical side surface of the mast, and the vertical side surfaces where the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are located are two adjacent vertical side surfaces. Preferably, the first mount is welded to the lower part of the side of the mast 2 facing the cab of the rotary drilling machine body 1, and the second mount is welded to the lower part of the other side adjacent to the side where the first mount is located. One end of the unlocking disc is rotatably connected with the first mounting seat through a rotary shaft 6.5, and the other end of the unlocking disc is used for blocking the lifted drilling bucket when being horizontally rotated to a proper position, so that the lifted drilling bucket unlocking rod is blocked, and the locking hook is released to open the drilling bucket door 5.2. One end of the driving device is connected with the first mounting seat, the other end of the driving device is connected with the non-rotating shaft on the unlocking disc, and the driving device is used for driving the unlocking disc to rotate around the rotating shaft in a horizontal plane according to a preset angle. The axial direction of the rotating shaft 6.5 is parallel to the length direction of the mast 2; the driving device 6.2 is an unlocking oil cylinder, the cylinder body of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the first mounting seat, and the piston rod of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the unlocking disc.
In the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig, the cutting teeth cut up the corresponding soil, chips generated in the process enter the drilling bucket body from the bucket door, after the drilling bucket body is full, the drilling bucket is lifted up and moved to a drill bit unlocking position, then the hydraulic unlocking cylinder is controlled to extend out, the unlocking disc rotates to the drilling bucket unlocking position along the rotating shaft in a horizontal plane at a preset angle, and the other end of the unlocking disc applies a downward pressure to the drilling bucket unlocking rod at the drilling bucket unlocking position, so that the drilling bucket door is opened; after the drilling bucket door is jacked up, the hydraulic unlocking oil cylinder is controlled to retract, so that the unlocking disc rotates to an initial position along the rotating shaft, and the bucket door is unlocked. In the process, the opening of the drilling bucket door is realized by matching the drilling bucket unlocking device of the rotary drilling rig with the corresponding drilling bucket door opening device. In the structure, when the drilling bucket door opening device is not acted by external force, the lock hook is abutted against the lock catch, and the drilling bucket door is in a closed state; when the damping mechanism of the drilling bucket door opening device is acted by external force, the drilling bucket unlocking rod moves downwards along the through hole on the top of the drilling bucket, and as the lock hook is connected with the drilling bucket unlocking rod through the connector and is rotatably arranged on the lock hook seat, one end of the lock hook starts to rotate anticlockwise around the connection point of the lock hook and the lock hook seat when the other end of the lock hook moves downwards, and at the moment, the lock hook is separated from the lock catch, and the drilling bucket door is opened downwards; after the drilling bucket door of the rotary drilling rig is opened, the power head of the rotary drilling rig is lowered, the power head soil throwing disc is contacted with the damping head of the drilling bucket, the damping spring is compressed to the top of the damping rod, then the damping spring is continuously pressed downwards, and the soil in the drilling bucket is extruded along the drilling bucket wall by the extrusion disc. The rotary drilling rig with the structure can extrude the soil in the drilling bucket out of the drilling bucket within 10 seconds, and the soil is not thrown out after common soil throwing, generally within 5 minutes or even 5 hours.
In a specific embodiment, the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the unlocking disc is further provided with reinforcing ribs 6.1a, and the unlocking disc can rotate 90-155 degrees around the rotating shaft under the action of the unlocking cylinder. Preferably, the rotation angle of the unlocking disc is 135 °. According to the structure, the drilling bucket unlocking device is arranged on the mast, and in the process of pressing the pressing rod to discharge soil under the power head of the rotary drilling machine, the power head cannot interfere with the drilling bucket unlocking device at any time, so that the height of the drilling bucket body can be set to be 1.2-1.5 m, namely, the drilling bucket capacity is increased to be 1.5-2 times of that of an original drilling bucket by increasing the drilling bucket height, meanwhile, the drilling bucket can be easily discharged, and the construction efficiency is greatly increased.
The invention discloses a construction method of a rotary drilling rig, which comprises the following steps:
step A, in-hole operation and movement of the drilling bucket from the hole: the power head 3 drives the drilling bucket 5 to rotate forwards through the drill rod 4 so as to cut soil downwards, after the drilling bucket 5 is filled with the soil, the power head pressurizes the reverse drilling bucket 5 to enable the drilling bucket door 5.2 to be closed, and then the drilling bucket 5 is lifted to a vacant position outside a drilled hole;
step B, unlocking: rotating the drilling bucket 5 and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod 5.3 to rotate to a position close to the drilling bucket unlocking device (6), controlling the unlocking cylinder to extend out to enable the unlocking disc 6.1 to rotate around the rotating shaft 6.5 from an initial position to a drilling bucket unlocking position, then lifting the drilling bucket 5 upwards and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod 5.3 to touch the unlocking disc 6.1 so as to enable the lock hook to be separated from the lock catch, and opening the drilling bucket door 5.2; then controlling the unlocking cylinder to shrink to drive the unlocking disc 6.1 to reset to the initial position;
Step C, extruding and unloading soil: the power head 3 is lowered, the power head soil throwing disc 3.1 is in contact with the damping head 5.6a of the drilling bucket 5, the damping head compresses the damping spring 5.6c until the top surface of the damping head is level with the top surface of the top of the damping rod 5.6b, the position is a spring limiting position, then the damping head and the damping rod are continuously pressed downwards, the damping rod is rigidly connected with the extrusion rod and the extrusion disc due to the fact that the downward acting force applied by the power head soil throwing disc 3.1 to the damping head and the damping rod enables the extrusion disc to downwards extrude soil, and the soil in the drilling bucket 5 is extruded downwards;
Step D, finishing the operation: and (3) closing the drill bucket door, rotating the empty drill bucket back to the position above the drill hole, and repeating the steps A to C for periodic operation.
The closing mode of the drill bucket door in the step D is the prior art, namely, the closing mode is realized through the supporting cooperation between the lower drill bucket and the ground.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The rotary drilling rig is characterized by comprising a mast (2), a power head (3), a drill rod (4), a drill bucket (5) and a drill bucket unlocking device (6); the power head can be arranged on the mast in a vertically movable manner, and the drill rod is connected with the power head;
The drilling bucket is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod and comprises a drilling bucket body (5.1), a drilling bucket door (5.2), a drilling bucket door opening device and an auxiliary soil unloading device; the drilling bucket door is hinged to an opening at the bottom end of the drilling bucket body, and the drilling bucket door opening device comprises a drilling bucket unlocking rod (5.3) and a lock hook which is used for being matched with a lock catch on the drilling bucket door (5.2) and is directly or indirectly connected with the bottom of the drilling bucket unlocking rod (5.3); the auxiliary soil unloading device comprises an extrusion rod (5.4), an extrusion disc (5.5) and a damping mechanism (5.6), wherein the extrusion rod penetrates through the top of the drilling bucket body, the extrusion disc is arranged at the lower end of the extrusion rod (5.4) and is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the drilling bucket body, and the damping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the extrusion rod;
The unlocking device comprises an unlocking disc (6.1), a driving device (6.2), a first mounting seat (6.3) and a second mounting seat (6.4), wherein the first mounting seat is mounted on one vertical side surface of the mast, the second mounting seat is mounted on the other vertical side surface of the mast, the vertical side surfaces where the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are positioned are two adjacent vertical side surfaces, one end of the unlocking disc is rotationally connected with the second mounting seat through a rotating shaft (6.5), and the other end of the unlocking disc is used for blocking a lifted drilling bucket when being horizontally rotated to a proper position, so that the lifted drilling bucket unlocking rod is blocked, and the lock hook is released to open the drilling bucket door; one end of the driving device is connected with the first mounting seat, the other end of the driving device is connected with the non-rotating shaft on the unlocking disc, and the driving device is used for driving the unlocking disc to rotate around the rotating shaft in a horizontal plane at a preset angle.
2. The rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the first mount is mounted on the lower part of the vertical side of the mast (2) facing the cab side of the rotary drilling rig body (1), and the second mount is mounted on the lower part of the other side adjacent to the side on which the first mount is located.
3. The rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the unlocking disc (6.1) is of an L-shaped structure, the axial direction of the rotating shaft (6.5) being parallel to the length direction of the mast (2); the driving device (6.2) is an unlocking oil cylinder, the cylinder body of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the first mounting seat, and the piston rod of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the unlocking disc.
4. A rotary drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper and/or lower surface of the unlocking disc is further provided with reinforcing ribs (6.1 a), the unlocking disc being rotatable by 90-155 ° about the rotation axis under the action of the unlocking cylinder.
5. The rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping mechanism comprises a damping head (5.6 a), a damping rod (5.6 b) and a damping spring (5.6 c), the upper end of the damping rod is connected with the damping head, the lower end of the damping rod is connected with the extrusion rod, and the damping spring is sleeved on the damping rod and between the damping head and the extrusion rod; the damping head (5.6 a) comprises a damping groove recessed downwards from the top surface thereof and a through hole which is arranged at the bottom of the damping groove and has a smaller radial dimension than the damping groove; the damping rod comprises a damping rod head with a radial dimension larger than that of the through hole and a damping rod body with a radial dimension smaller than that of the through hole, the damping rod head is positioned in the damping groove, and the damping rod body is inserted in the through hole; the damping head can reciprocate up and down along the length direction of the extrusion rod under the action of the elasticity of the power head and the damping spring.
6. The rotary drilling rig according to claim 5, wherein the lower end of the shock absorbing rod body and the extrusion rod are connected by screw threads.
7. The rotary drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the height of the bucket body is 1.2-1.5 m.
8. A construction method of the rotary drilling machine according to any one of claims 3 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step A, in-hole operation and movement of the drilling bucket from the hole: the power head (3) drives the drilling bucket (5) to rotate forward through the drill rod (4) so as to cut soil downwards, after the drilling bucket (5) is filled with the soil, the power head pressurizes the reverse drilling bucket (5) to enable the drilling bucket door (5.2) to be closed, and then the drilling bucket (5) is lifted to a vacant position outside a drilled hole;
Step B, unlocking: rotating the drilling bucket (5) and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod (5.3) to rotate to a position close to the drilling bucket unlocking device (6), controlling the unlocking cylinder to extend to enable the unlocking disc (6.1) to rotate around the rotating shaft (6.5) from an initial position to a drilling bucket unlocking position, then lifting the drilling bucket (5) upwards and enabling the drilling bucket unlocking rod (5.3) to touch the unlocking disc (6.1) so as to enable the lock hook to be separated from the lock catch, and opening the drilling bucket door (5.2); then controlling the unlocking oil cylinder to shrink to drive the unlocking disc (6.1) to reset to the initial position;
Step C, extruding and unloading soil: the power head (3) is lowered, the power head soil throwing disc (3.1) is in contact with the damping head (5.6 a) of the drilling bucket (5), the damping head compresses the damping spring (5.6 c) until the top surface of the damping head is flush with the top surface of the damping rod (5.6 b), the position is a spring limiting position, then the damping head and the damping rod are continuously pressed downwards, and the damping rod is rigidly connected with the extrusion rod and the extrusion disc, so that the extrusion disc downwards extrudes soil due to downward acting force applied by the power head soil throwing disc (3.1) to the damping head and the damping rod, and soil in the drilling bucket (5) is extruded downwards;
Step D, finishing the operation: and (3) closing the drill bucket door, rotating the empty drill bucket back to the position above the drill hole, and repeating the steps A to C for periodic operation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110924860A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-03-27 | 中冶交通建设集团有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig |
| CN111608579B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-03-15 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig for cast-in-situ bored pile construction |
| CN115853454B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-05-12 | 陕西晖煌建筑劳务有限公司 | Bridge pile foundation perforating device |
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