CN110231457A - A kind of test macro and method of structured clays elasticity modulus - Google Patents
A kind of test macro and method of structured clays elasticity modulus Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004856 soil analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0246—Special simulation of "in situ" conditions, scale models or dummies
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention discloses the test macros and method of a kind of structured clays elasticity modulus.The testing system device includes constant pressure confining pressure device, pressure adjustment barrel, the consolidation water surge drum with water level monitoring, nonmetallic pedestal, external pressurized frame, side pressure room and axis pressure pressurizing device, there is latex film to be divided into sealing side pressure chamber and hollow sample chamber in side pressure room, side pressure chamber is connect by pressure adjustment barrel with constant pressure confining pressure device, and it includes elevating mechanism, lifter plate and axis pressure rack that axis, which presses pressurizing device,.After being packed into sample, sample to be tested axial stress and confining pressure stress are calculated, K0 consolidation is carried out to clay sample, its breakdown strength σ is then tested out under confining pressure stress statef, by control shaft press pressurizing device according to according toStress level divide multiple blade row and off-load, structured clays elastic deformation amount is isolated in calculating.Precision is higher and faster in pressurization and stress-relief process of the invention, can more accurately test the elasticity modulus of strong constitutive property and the apparent clay of thixotropy.
Description
Technical field
Present invention is generally directed to the test of the elasticity modulus of structured clays, specifically a kind of structured clays springform
The test macro and method of amount.
Background technique
Currently, the test equipment of elasticity modulus be mainly stress-type control triaxial apparatus, size of sample be diameter be 39.1mm,
Height is the cylindrical body of 80mm.But when for structured clays test, there are many shortcomings with test method for the equipment:
Clay has strong constitutive property, high-ductility and apparent thixotropy, and using the sampling specification and test mode of three axis, one can not be complete
Plastic deformation is isolated entirely；Secondly piston and pressure chamber's frictional resistance influence measuring accuracy；Thirdly loading reflection is insensitive to be made
The Rheological Deformation that the soil body generates is larger, and factors lead to not the elasticity modulus for effectively measuring structured clays.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is design the test device and method of a kind of elasticity modulus for structured clays, the device
Pass through the pressurization of electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure and release, it is ensured that precision is higher and faster in pressure process, using K0Consolidation style energy
Consolidation stress condition is enough set close to reality, to isolate real structure clay flexible deformation by multiple loading and unloading as far as possible,
The elasticity modulus of strong constitutive property and the apparent structured clays of thixotropy can more accurately be tested.
A kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus provided by the invention, it is characterised in that: the test macro
Including constant pressure confining pressure device, pressure adjustment barrel, the consolidation water surge drum with water level monitoring, pedestal, external pressurized frame, side pressure room
Pressurizing device is pressed with axis, hollow cavity is equipped in side pressure room, and is separated into the side pressure of sealing by latex film in hollow cavity
Chamber and hollow sample chamber；The pedestal includes upper backup pad, lower supporting plate and the pressurizing chamber being placed between upper and lower support plate, on
Support plate is fixedly connected with the periphery of lower supporting plate by annular support surface or multiple support rods；The axis pressure pressurizing device installation
In pressurizing chamber, elevating mechanism, lifter plate and the displacement sensor being arranged on lifter plate, the fixed peace of elevating mechanism are specifically included
On lower supporting plate, lifter plate is mounted on the jacking end of elevating mechanism；The external pressurized frame include at least two support rods,
It is fixed on the lower pressure rack of support bar top and is mounted on the axis pressure sensor of lower pressure rack center, clay is packed into sample chamber
When sample, external pressurized frame is touched by the axis pressure sensor of center with the pressing means for being placed in clay sample end face center position
It connects；The top surface that the support rod lower end of the external pressurized frame passes through upper backup pad is protruded into pressurizing chamber and is fixedly connected with lifter plate,
And lifter plate drives external pressurized frame to push or rise relative to pedestal under the action of elevating mechanism, and lifter plate is in normal shape
Highest order is under state；The side pressure room is fixedly mounted on pedestal, is equipped in the lower part of side pressure chamber and is connect with pressure adjustment barrel
Water inlet pipe, top be equipped with the exhaust outlet pipe with control valve；The pressure adjustment barrel is the internal sealing drum that water is housed, and is passed through
Pressure pipe and constant pressure confining pressure device, and to the intracavitary water filling pressurization of side pressure under the action of confining pressure constant-voltage equipment；In pedestal to examination
The position of sample chamber is equipped with the sample table for offering multiple permeable holes, and multiple permeable holes are connected by drainpipe and consolidation water surge drum
It is logical.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the test device further includes data acquisition control device, the data acquisition
Be equipped with data acquisition module, control module and display module in control device, the signal output end of data acquisition module respectively with
Control module is connected with display module；Institute's displacement sensors, axis pressure sensor, consolidate water surge drum level switch letter
Number output end is connect with the signal input part of data acquisition module in acquisition control device, the control in the acquisition control device
The connection of the control terminal of molding block and elevating mechanism.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the side pressure room includes cylindrical shell, the accent up and down point of the side pressure chamber
It is not provided with cylindrical housings upper and lower end face, and side pressure chamber is the raised type cavity that mid diameter is greater than upper and lower accent diameter, institute
State latex film hollow cylindrical or the small hollow cylindrical of the big both ends diameter of mid diameter, it is intracavitary that latex film is placed in side pressure, and two
The accent up and down of side pressure chamber is stretched out at end respectively, next by top cover labyrinth plate and lower sealing cover plate sealing cover respectively, then by upper
Pressing plate and lower platen are fixed and clamped, and in sample chamber when loading clay sample, the latex film is attached to the table of clay sample
Face is equipped with more tie down screws between top board and lower platen.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the side pressure room is fixedly mounted on pedestal, in sample chamber from bottom to up according to
Secondary permeable stone, clay sample and waterproof plate, the permeable stone of being equipped with is placed on sample table, is vertically equipped in the periphery of clay sample more
A filter paper item, and the lower end of multiple filter paper items is contacted with lower permeable stone；Bearing plate, the pressing means are equipped on waterproof plate top
For the strip of spherical cylindrical or multiple spherical connections, it is equipped with and the matched pressurization of pressing means in the center of bearing plate
Slot after the pressing means are packed into clay sample in sample chamber, is placed in the pressurized tank in bearing plate centre to clay sample
It pressurizes.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the elevating mechanism is electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure, is provided with one or more
It is a, when being provided with multiple, it is evenly distributed on the bottom of lifter plate, and multiple elevating mechanisms are gone up and down simultaneously；The lifter plate exists
Adjustable height in pressurizing chamber is greater than height displacement of the clay sample when loading presses to destruction.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the pressure adjustment barrel, for the internal sealing pressure cylinder that water is housed, pressure tune
Section cylinder is connect by pressure pipe with external confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, pressure monitor is equipped in pressure adjustment barrel, on pressure pipe
Equipped with solenoid electric valve；The confining pressure constant-voltage equipment is air compressor machine；The signal output end and data of the pressure monitor acquire
The signal input part of control device connects, and the signal output end of data acquisition control device and the signal of solenoid electric valve input
End connection.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the sink being connected to multiple permeable holes is equipped in sample table, at the bottom of sink
Face is equipped with up concave type water outlet, and up concave type water outlet is connected to drainpipe；The consolidation water surge drum is with scale value
Transparent cylinder is packed into water in consolidation water surge drum, and original water is greater than the total Water of drainpipe and sink, institute in cylinder
Stating water level detecting, it is that setting is consolidating water surge drum bottom surface equipped with liquid level sensor；The floor height of the consolidation water surge drum
More than or equal to the floor height of clay sample in sample chamber, drainpipe leads to the bottom of consolidation water surge drum, and in drainpipe
It is equipped with draining control valve.
The test method of a kind of structured clays elasticity modulus provided by the invention, it is characterised in that the test process is adopted
With above structure clay elasticity modulus test device under saturation state and structured clays of the plasticity index greater than 30 into
Row test, the saturation clay test are evacuated saturation testing to sample that is, before on-test, the structure in the present invention
The property specific testing procedure of clay elasticity modulus is as follows:
(1) centre position is equipped with the sample table for being higher by base upper surface in the base, and uniformly opens in the upper surface of sample table
Equipped with permeable hole, the sink with up concave type water outlet is equipped in sample table, the water outlet of sink is equipped with the drainpipe for stretching out pedestal,
Side pressure room is fixed on the base, the hollow sample chamber of sample table face；
(2) drainpipe is connect with the consolidation water surge drum equipped with water, the cylinder bottom position of consolidation water surge drum is higher than sample
The table surface height of platform, and it is equipped with liquid level sensor in consolidation water surge drum bottom, it is equipped with draining control valve on drainpipe, opens
Draining control valve on drainpipe makes to consolidate the water in water surge drum and flows into sink from drainpipe automatically, seen by permeable hole
Examine water in sink it is full after, draining control valve is closed, then the water level by liquid level sensor monitoring at this time, and at the beginning of being recorded as
Beginning water level；
(3) pressure adjustment barrel is connect by pressure pipe with confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, pressure is equipped in pressure adjustment barrel and is passed
Sensor, is equipped with solenoid valve on pressure pipe, and control solenoid valve opens confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, and the upper exhaust of open side pressure chamber simultaneously
Drainpipe and lower water inlet pipe exclude the intracavitary gas of side pressure to the intracavitary indentation water of side pressure, and pass through observation latex film and side pressure chamber
Whether there is bubble to judge whether the intracavitary gas of side pressure all excludes between inner wall；
(4) when latex film and side pressure cavity wall bubble-free, exhaust outlet pipe and lower water inlet pipe in closing are simultaneously closed off and are enclosed
Press constant-voltage equipment, smear lubricant in latex film inner wall, be then sequentially placed on the sample table in hollow sample chamber lower permeable stone,
Filter paper, clay sample, waterproof plate, pressure transmission plate and pressing means, filter paper are vertically provided at the periphery of clay sample, bottom end and thoroughly
The contact of water stone, and the lower pressure rack of external pressurized frame is installed, so that the axis pressure sensor in the middle part of it is in contact with pressing means；
(5) according to the soil analysis of clay to be measured test data, 1. 2. calculated separately with formula according to following formula to
Test the axial stress σ of clay sample1With enclose compression stress ot3:
σ1=γ ' h is 1.
σ3=K0γ'h ②
In above-mentioned formula: σ1--- axial stress, kPa；γ ' --- native natural effective unit weight, kN/cm3；H --- above cover
Soil thickness；σ3--- confining pressure stress, kPa；K0--- native static lateral pressure coefficient；
(6) it is again turned on confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, and opens the control valve on lower water inlet pipe, pressurization is filled the water into pressure measuring chamber,
Confining pressure stress by the solenoid valve control side pressure room on the pressure sensor and pressure pipe in pressure adjustment barrel is in step (4)
The value σ of calculating3；Controlling elevating mechanism work simultaneously drives lifter plate 8 to decline, so that external pressurized frame be driven to push, and opens
Control device controls its axis compression by the axis pressure sensor on additional press box and reaches the value σ calculated in step (4)1, to glutinous
Soil sample carries out K0 consolidation；
(7) in K0 consolidation process, the draining control valve on drainpipe is opened, makes sample under the action of axis pressure and confining pressure
Into draining to consolidation water surge drum, and its liquid level variable quantity is monitored by consolidating liquid level sensor in water surge drum, when consolidation
Between must not be less than 12 hours, when liquid level ascending amount per hour is not more than 0.01mm, K0 consolidation is completed, and closes drainpipe
And elevating mechanism；
(8) the breakdown strength σ of clay to be measured is calculatedfValue, by controller control shaft press pressurizing device successively according toStress level divide multiple blade row and off-load, wherein an=3, a1、a2、an-1It is all larger than an, often
Secondary loading unloading time interval one minute, every grade of stress repetition repeatedly, arriveLoading process to be depressed into clay sample broken
It is bad, terminate test；In loading unloading process, record acquires each loading by the displacement sensor on metal plate and unloads axially
Deflection；
(9) axial deflection is unloaded by each loading acquired in step (7), draws pressurization release and axial deflection
Relation curve Δ h-p, willThe two-end-point of the last one hysteresis circle is linked to be straight line, and slope is elasticity modulus, and is pressed
The elasticity modulus of clay to be measured is 3. calculated according to formula:
Formula 3. in: E-sample elasticity modulus, kPa；
The Δ xial feed of p-every grade, N；
∑ Δ h-corresponds to the flexible deformation under gross pressure, mm；
A0- sample initial area, cm2；；
hcHeight after-sample consolidation, mm；
10-Units conversion factors.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the breakdown strength σ of clay to be measured in the step (8)fTo fall into a trap in step (6)
Obtained confining pressure value σ3Under, triaxial shear test is carried out according to the test method of standard to clay to be measured, until sample destroys
When shear strength.
The present invention preferably technical solution: in the step (8) by controller control shaft press pressurizing device successively according toStress level divide three-level loading and off-load, every grade of loading is completed in four times, after the completion of four loadings
Off-load in four times again, completes loading off-load circulation, and time interval one minute of loading and off-load, and every grade of loading off-load follows
Ring carries out 5 times, and the loading unloading process of next stage is carried out after the completion of 5 loading off-loads of level-one circulation, is repeated in, untilLoading process be depressed into clay sample destroy terminate test.
The present invention can be 79.8mm to diameter, highly be that the sample of 160mm specification is tested, and size of sample is with more real
The representativeness of border soil structures.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention keeps precision in pressurization and stress-relief process higher and faster by the control to elevating mechanism；
(2) K is used in the present invention0Consolidation style can make consolidation stress condition as far as possible close to practical, more accurate mould
The stress state of the quasi- soil body；
(3) mode of the test method in the present invention by multiple loading and unloading is tested, and maximum effectively eliminates
Stress release bring structure change in sampling process, preferably isolates plastic deformation, the elastic mould value of test is more
Accurately；
(4) pressing means in the present invention are connected with axial sensor, overcome stress-type triaxial apparatus piston and pressure chamber
The factor of frictional resistance influence precision；
(5) present invention can be 79.8mm to diameter, highly be that the sample of 160mm specification is tested, and size of sample is more
Representativeness with practical soil structures.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the device without sample of clay elasticity modulus in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the device of viscoelasticity modulus in the present invention is packed into the structural schematic diagram of sample；
Fig. 3 is the device top view of clay elasticity modulus in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for being not loaded into sample in the present invention in side pressure room；
Fig. 5 is to be packed into the structural schematic diagram after sample in the present invention in side pressure room；
Fig. 6 is control principle drawing of the invention；
The graph of relation of the pressurization of Zhanjiang group clay release and axial deflection in Fig. 7 embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the graph of relation using triaxial apparatus to Zhanjiang group clay pressurization release and axial deflection.In figure: 1-
Pressure adjustment barrel, 2-nonmetallic pedestals, 2-1-upper backup pad, 2-2-lower supporting plate, 2-3-pressurizing chamber, 3-additional press boxes
Frame, the lower pressure rack of 3-1-support rod, 3-2-, 3-3-pressing means, 3-4-axis pressure sensor, 4-side pressure rooms, 4-1-water inlet
Pipe, 4-2-exhaust outlet pipe, 4-3-cylindrical shell, 4-4-side pressure chamber, 4-5-top cover labyrinth plate, 4-6-lower sealing cover
Plate, 4-7-top board, 4-8-lower platen, 4-9-tie down screw, 5-latex films, 6-hollow sample chambers, 7-draw high machine
Structure, 8-lifter plates, 9-drainpipes, 10-permeable stones, 11-permeable holes, 11-1-draining control valve, 12-clay samples,
13-consolidation water surge drums, 13-1-liquid level sensor, 14-displacement sensors, 15-acquisition control devices, 16-samples
Platform, 17-filter paper items, 18-sinks, 19-confining pressure constant-voltage equipments, 20-waterproof plates, 21-solenoid electric valves, 22-pressure-bearings
Plate.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.Attached drawing 1 is the attached drawing of embodiment to Fig. 5,
It is drawn by the way of simplified, is only used for purpose that is clear, compactly illustrating the embodiment of the present invention.Below to exhibition in the accompanying drawings
Existing technical solution is the concrete scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended that limits the range of claimed invention.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "inner", "outside", "left", "right" etc. indicate
Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the invention product using when usually put
Orientation or positional relationship or the orientation or positional relationship that usually understands of those skilled in the art, be merely for convenience of retouching
It states the present invention and simplifies description, rather than the equipment of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, with specific
Orientation construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, " setting ", " even
Connect " etc. terms shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, " connection " may be a fixed connection, may be a detachable connection, or integrally connect
It connects；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；It can be and be directly connected to, can also be indirectly connected with by intermediary, it can
To be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned
The concrete meaning of term in the present invention.
The test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus used in the embodiment of the present invention, it is specific as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3,
Including constant pressure confining pressure device 19, pressure adjustment barrel 1, the consolidation water surge drum 13 with water level monitoring, nonmetallic pedestal 2, additional
Press box frame 3, side pressure room 4, axis press pressurizing device and data acquisition control device 15, are equipped in the data acquisition control device 15
Data acquisition module, control module and display module, the signal output end of data acquisition module respectively with control module and display
Module connection.The pedestal 2 is cup dolly, including upper backup pad 2-1, lower supporting plate 2-2 and is placed between upper and lower support plate
Pressurizing chamber 2-3, upper backup pad 2-1 is fixedly connected with the periphery of lower supporting plate 2-2 by annular support surface or multiple support rods,
The sample table 16 for being higher by base upper surface is equipped in the central location upper backup pad 2-1.The axis pressure pressurizing device is mounted on pressurization
In chamber 2-3, elevating mechanism 7 and lifter plate 8 are specifically included, elevating mechanism 7 is fixedly mounted on lower supporting plate 2-2, and lifter plate 8 is pacified
Mounted in the jacking end of elevating mechanism 7；Elevating mechanism 7 is electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure, and lifting motor or liquid can be directly used
Jack is pressed, and its control terminal is connect with data acquisition control device 15, passes through the control mould of data acquisition control device 15
Block setting controls elevating mechanism 7, can adjust its axis pressure at any time.The height that the lifter plate 8 is gone up and down in pressurizing chamber
Degree is greater than height displacement of the clay sample 12 when loading presses to destruction, can guarantee that during the test, lifter plate 8 is adding
The intracavitary distance moved up is pressed to reach test requirements document, and lifter plate 8 is in the highest that normal condition is the jacking in elevating mechanism 7
Position, and drive the decline of lifter plate 8 to pressurize by control elevating mechanism 7.One or more displacements are equipped on lifter plate 8 to pass
Sensor 14, the signal output end of institute's displacement sensors 14 are inputted with the signal of data acquisition module in acquisition control device 15
End connects, and the control module in the acquisition control device 15 is connect with the control terminal of elevating mechanism 7, can pass through acquisition and control
Device 15 processed acquires the displacement signal of lifter plate 8, to obtain the deflection of clay, and records to it.
As shown in figure 3, the external pressurized frame 3 in the embodiment of the present invention includes three support rod 3-1 and is fixed on support rod
Lower pressure rack 3-2 at the top of 3-1, the lower pressure rack 3-2 are made of the horizontal supporting plate of three equal lengths, and three horizontally-supported
Wherein one end is linked together plate, and other end is outward at radial, and the angle between three horizontal supporting plates is equal, three branch
The lower end strut 3-1 is protruded into pressurizing chamber 2-3 across the top surface of upper backup pad 2-1 and is fixedly connected with lifter plate 8, and upper end passes through water
Flat support plate is locked by bolt, and is equipped with axis pressure sensor 3-4 in the lower section of three horizontal supporting plate central connecting part positions,
And when being packed into clay sample 12 in sample chamber 6, external pressurized frame 3 by the axis pressure sensor 3-4 of center be placed in it is glutinous
The pressing means 3-3 of 12 end face center position of soil sample is touched, and then controls the lifting of lifter plate 8 by elevating mechanism 7 to drive
External pressurized frame 3 pushes or rises relative to pedestal 2.The signal output end of the axis pressure sensor 3-4 is filled with acquisition control
The signal input part connection of data acquisition module in 15 is set, can be pressed by the axis during 15 pairs of acquisition control device tests
Row monitoring.
The test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus used in embodiment, the structure of side pressure chamber 4-4, such as Fig. 4 and
Shown in Fig. 5, including cylindrical shell 4-3, the raised type chamber that mid diameter is greater than upper and lower accent diameter is equipped in side pressure room 4
Body, and the side pressure chamber 4-4 and hollow sample chamber 6 of sealing are separated into hollow cavity by latex film 5；The latex film 5 is hollow
Cylindric or small the big both ends diameter of mid diameter hollow cylindrical, latex film 5 are placed in side pressure chamber 4-4, and both ends are stretched respectively
The accent up and down of side pressure chamber 4-4 out, it is next by top cover labyrinth plate 4-5 and lower sealing cover plate 4-6 sealing cover respectively, then pass through
Top board 4-7 and lower platen 4-8 are fixed and clamped, and 6 tie down screw 4- are then equipped between top board 4-7 and lower platen 4-8
9 are locked.The water inlet pipe 4-1 connecting with pressure adjustment barrel 1 is equipped in the lower part of side pressure chamber 4-4, top is equipped with band control valve
Exhaust outlet pipe 4-2, pressure adjustment barrel 1 connect with confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19, and clay sample 12 is packed into sample chamber 6
When, by pressure pipe and constant pressure confining pressure device 19, pressurization is filled the water into side pressure chamber 4-4 under the action of confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19,
So that latex film 5 is attached to the surface of clay sample 12, and applies constant confining pressure to clay sample 12.
Pressure adjustment barrel 1 in embodiment is the internal sealing cartridge type pressure measuring cylinder that water is housed, and pressure adjustment barrel 1 passes through pressure
Pipe 1-2 is connect with external confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19, pressure monitor 1-1 is equipped in pressure adjustment barrel 1, on pressure pipe 1-2
Equipped with solenoid electric valve 21；The confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19 is air compressor machine；The signal output end of the pressure monitor 1-1 with
The signal input part of data acquisition control device 15 connects, the signal output end and Electromagnetic Control of data acquisition control device 15
The signal input part of valve 21 connects；Pressure monitor 1-1 is monitored the pressure in pressure adjustment barrel 1, and by monitoring result
It is transported to data acquisition control device 15, analysis is acquired to data by it, and the pressure of the pressure and setting for acquisition
It compares, so that solenoid electric valve 21 is controlled to adjust the pressure of confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19, to guarantee the constant of confining pressure.
The test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus used in embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the side pressure room 4
It is fixedly mounted on pedestal 2,6 face sample table 16 of sample chamber, and the lower platen 4-8 of side pressure room 4 is fixed on the upper of pedestal 2
On support plate 2-1, it is uniformly provided with multiple permeable holes 11 on sample table 16, is equipped with and multiple permeable holes 11 in sample table 16
The sink 18 of connection is equipped with up concave type water outlet in the bottom surface of sink 18, and up concave type water outlet is connected to drainpipe 9, draining
9 outside of pipe is connected to consolidation water surge drum 13, and draining control valve 11-1 is equipped on drainpipe 9.The consolidation water surge drum
13 be the transparent cylinder with scale value, a certain amount of water is packed into cylinder, the water being packed into is greater than drainpipe 9 and water
The total Water of slot 18, and liquid level sensor 13-1 is equipped in consolidation 13 bottom surface of water surge drum.The bottom of the consolidation water surge drum 13
Face height is greater than or equal to the floor height of clay sample 12 in sample chamber 6, and drainpipe 11 leads to the bottom of consolidation water surge drum 13
Portion, and draining control valve 11-1 is equipped on drainpipe 9, before sample loading, open draining control valve 11-1, consolidation
Water in water surge drum 13 can automatically flow into drainpipe 9 and sink 18, and observe the water in sink 18 by permeable hole 11
Whether fill, when permeable hole 11 emits water outward, it was demonstrated that be each filled with water in its sink 18 and drainpipe 9, draining can be closed
The liquid level of control valve 11-1, at this time liquid level sensor 13-1 monitoring are original levels.The signal of liquid level sensor 13-1 exports
End is connect with the data acquisition module signal output end of data acquisition control device 15, the control of data acquisition control device 15
The connection of module by signal output end can monitor consolidation water by liquid level sensor 13-1 and receive when consolidating to clay sample
SEA LEVEL VARIATION is in collection cylinder 13 to judge whether to have reached K0 consolidation.
The test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus used in embodiment, when carrying out dress sample, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 institute
Show, be successively arranged permeable stone 10, clay sample 12 and waterproof plate 20 from bottom to up in sample chamber 6, permeable stone 10 is placed in examination
On sample platform 16, multiple filter paper items 17 are vertically equipped in the periphery of clay sample 12, and the lower end of multiple filter paper items 17 is permeable under
Stone 10 contacts；It is equipped with bearing plate 22 on waterproof 12 top of plate, the pressing means 3-3 is that spherical cylindrical or multiple spherical shapes connect
The strip connect is equipped in the center of bearing plate 14 and is trying with the matched pressurized tank of pressing means 3-3, the pressing means 3-3
After being packed into clay sample 12 in sample chamber 6, it is placed in the pressurized tank in 14 centre of bearing plate and pressurizes to clay sample 12.
Below with reference to specific test case, the present invention is further described, and group structured clays in Zhanjiang are directed in embodiment,
The characteristics of Zhanjiang structured clays is high void ratio, low compressibility, high intensity, drops in intensity value wink, has after structure destruction
Higher sensitivity, plasticity index (IP) are greater than 30, and cementation is the basic reason of its structural strength with higher, structure
Property clay saturation clay test is carried out before elasticity modulus test, before saturation clay test i.e. on-test to sample into
Row vacuum suction saturation testing, the present invention are specific as follows to the elasticity modulus test of Zhanjiang group structured clays:
(1) drainpipe 9 of side pressure chamber 4-4 is connect with the consolidation water surge drum 13 equipped with water, opens the row on drainpipe 9
Water control valve 11-1 makes to consolidate the water in water surge drum 13 and flows into sink 18 from drainpipe 9 automatically, seen by permeable hole 11
Examine water in sink 18 it is full after, draining control valve 11-1 is closed, then the water by liquid level sensor 13-1 monitoring at this time
Position, and it is recorded as original water level；
(2) pressure adjustment barrel 1 is connect by pressure pipe with confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19, control solenoid valve 21 opens confining pressure
Constant-voltage equipment 19, and the upper exhaust outlet pipe 4-2 and lower water inlet pipe 4-1 of side pressure room are opened simultaneously, water is pressed into side pressure chamber 4-4
The gas in side pressure chamber 4-4 is excluded, in pressure process, and by whether having bubble between observation latex film and side pressure cavity wall
Judge whether the intracavitary gas of side pressure all excludes, can be squeezed bubble with hand by inclined side pressure chamber 4 when there is bubble
To the top of side pressure chamber, then completely disappeared by injecting water vapor bubbles；
(3) when latex film 5 and side pressure chamber 4-4 inner wall bubble-free, exhaust outlet pipe 4-2 and lower water inlet pipe 4-1 in closing,
Confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19 is simultaneously closed off, lubricant (specifically can directly smear tea perfume suds) is smeared in latex film inner wall, then exists
Lower permeable stone 10, filter paper 17, clay sample 12, waterproof plate 20, pressure transmission are sequentially placed on sample table 16 in hollow sample chamber 6
Plate 22 and pressing means 3-3 (its pressing means 3-3 is the decorative pearl on top of an official cap), filter paper 17 are vertically provided at the periphery of clay sample 12, bottom end with
Permeable stone 10 contacts, and installs the lower pressure rack 3-2 of external pressurized frame, makes axis pressure sensor 3-4 and pressing means 3-3 phase in the middle part of it
Contact；Its 12 diameter of clay sample is 79.8mm, is highly 160mm；
(4) data tested according to the soil analysis of Zhanjiang group clay, calculate separately clay to be tested according to following formula
The axial stress σ of sample1For 208kPa and enclose compression stress ot3For 118.56kPa, calculating process is as follows:
σ1=γ ' h
=6.5 × 32=208kPa
σ3=K0γ'h
=0.57 × 6.5 × 32
=118.56kPa
In above-mentioned formula: σ1--- axial stress, kPa；γ ' --- native natural effective unit weight, kN/cm3；H --- above cover
Soil thickness；σ3--- confining pressure stress, kPa；K0--- native static lateral pressure coefficient；
(5) it is again turned on confining pressure constant-voltage equipment 19, and opens the control valve on lower water inlet pipe 4-1, is infused into pressure measuring cavity 4-4
Water pressurization is answered by the confining pressure that the pressure sensor 1-1 in pressure adjustment barrel 1 and the solenoid valve on pressure pipe 21 control side pressure room
Power is the value σ calculated in step (4)3；Electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure switch is opened simultaneously, electronic or hydraulic elevator is opened
The controller of structure controls lifter plate 8 by electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure and declines, so that external pressurized frame be driven to push, passes through
Axis pressure sensor 3-4 is monitored its axis pressure, and control shaft compression reaches the value σ calculated in step (4)1, clay is tried
Sample carries out K0 consolidation；
(6) in K0 consolidation process, the draining control valve 11-1 on drainpipe 9 is opened, makes sample in axis pressure and confining pressure
The lower draining of effect to consolidation water surge drum, the initial water level guarantee of consolidation water surge drum is aligned with the center of sample, passes through
Liquid level sensor monitors its liquid level variable quantity in consolidation water surge drum 13, and consolidation time must not be less than 12 hours, until every small
When liquid level ascending amount be not more than 0.01mm when, K0 consolidation complete, close drainpipe；
(7) using group clay in Zhanjiang to be measured according to standard test method carry out triaxial shear test, during test its
Confining pressure controls the confining pressure value σ being calculated in step (5)3, the shear strength when sample destroys is Zhanjiang group clay
Breakdown strength σfValue, the σ being calculatedfFor 300kPa；Control shaft press pressurizing device successively according to
Stress level divide three-level loading off-load, every grade of loading is completed in four times, and off-load in four times again after the completion of four loadings completes one
A loading off-load circulation, and time interval one minute of loading and off-load, every grade of loading off-load circulation carries out 5 times, the 5 of level-one
The loading unloading process that next stage is carried out after the completion of secondary loading off-load circulation, is repeated in, untilLoading process be depressed into
Clay sample, which destroys, terminates test；In loading unloading process, record is added every time by the displacement sensor acquisition on metal plate
Lotus unloads axial deflection；
(9) axial deflection is unloaded by each loading acquired in step (7), draws pressurization release and axial deflection
Relation curve Δ h-p, it is specific as shown in fig. 7, willThe two-end-point of the last one hysteresis circle is linked to be straight line, and slope is
Elasticity modulus, and the elastic modulus E of Zhanjiang group clay is calculated according to following formula, calculating process is as follows:
In above-mentioned formula: E-sample elasticity modulus, kPa；
The Δ xial feed of p-every grade, N；
∑ Δ h-corresponds to the flexible deformation under gross pressure, mm；
A0- sample initial area, cm2；；
hcHeight after-sample consolidation, mm；
10-Units conversion factors.
The elasticity modulus for Zhanjiang group clay that method in implementation finally obtains is E=16.4MPa.
Meanwhile code requirement takes diameter is 39.1mm, is highly the sample of 80mm is tested with triaxial apparatus, tests
The drawing of the pressurization release and axial deflection drawn in journey as shown in figure 8, be calculated springform E=((100/12)/
((0.235-0.21)/7.7)) × 10=25666.7kPa=25.7MPa, as seen from Figure 7, because of the spy of Zhanjiang group structured clays
Property causes the last one hysteresis circle flexible deformation and plastic deformation to be not completely exfoliated out, and test result is bigger than normal；Pass through the present apparatus
E=16.4MPa is obtained with the result of test method test, and after three times' lifting, off-loading, Zhanjiang group is structural glutinous as seen from the figure
Soil existsFlexible deformation and plastic deformation are completely exfoliated out in the last one hysteresis circle, and test result is more in line with really
Value.
The present invention uses K0Consolidation style can make consolidation stress condition as far as possible close to reality, by multiple loading and unloading
True Zhanjiang group structured clays flexible deformation is isolated, strong constitutive property can be more accurately tested and thixotropy is significantly profound
The elasticity modulus of river group structured clays.
The above, only one embodiment of the present of invention, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not therefore manage
Solution is limitation of the scope of the invention.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from this hair
Under the premise of bright design, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.Therefore, this hair
It is bright that the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus, it is characterised in that: the test macro includes constant pressure confining pressure dress
Set (19), pressure adjustment barrel (1), the consolidation water surge drum (13) with water level monitoring, pedestal (2), external pressurized frame (3), side
Pressure chamber (4) and axis press pressurizing device, and hollow cavity is equipped in side pressure room (4), and are separated in hollow cavity by latex film (5)
At the side pressure chamber (4-4) and hollow sample chamber (6) of sealing；The pedestal (2) includes upper backup pad (2-1), lower supporting plate (2-2)
And the pressurizing chamber (2-3) being placed between upper and lower support plate, the periphery of upper backup pad (2-1) and lower supporting plate (2-2) pass through annular
Supporting surface or multiple support rods are fixedly connected；The axis pressure pressurizing device is mounted in pressurizing chamber (2-3), specifically includes elevator
Structure (7), lifter plate (8) and the displacement sensor (14) being arranged on lifter plate (8), elevating mechanism (7) are fixedly mounted on lower branch
On fagging (2-2), lifter plate (8) is mounted on the jacking end of elevating mechanism (7)；The external pressurized frame (3) includes at least two
Support rod (3-1), the lower pressure rack (3-2) being fixed at the top of support rod (3-1) and the axis for being mounted on the center lower pressure rack (3-2)
Pressure sensor (3-4), when being packed into clay sample (12) in sample chamber (6), external pressurized frame (3) passes through the axis pressure of center
Sensor (3-4) is touched with the pressing means (3-3) for being placed in clay sample (12) end face center position；The external pressurized frame (3)
The support rod lower end (3-1) protrude into pressurizing chamber (2-3) across the top surface of upper backup pad (2-1) and be fixedly connected with lifter plate (8),
And lifter plate (8) drives external pressurized frame (3) to push or rise relative to pedestal (2) under the action of elevating mechanism (7), and rises
It drops plate (8) and is in highest order in normal state；The side pressure room (4) is fixedly mounted on pedestal (2), at side pressure chamber (4-4)
Lower part be equipped with the water inlet pipe (4-1) that connect with pressure adjustment barrel (1), top is equipped with the exhaust outlet pipe (4-2) with control valve；
The pressure adjustment barrel (1) is the internal sealing drum that water is housed, by pressure pipe and constant pressure confining pressure device (19), and in confining pressure perseverance
The water filling pressurization into side pressure chamber (4-4) under the action of pressure device (19)；It is equipped with and opens in the position of pedestal (2) corresponding sample chamber (6)
Sample table (16) equipped with multiple permeable holes (11), multiple permeable holes (11) pass through drainpipe (9) and consolidation water surge drum (13)
Connection.
2. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the test
Device further includes data acquisition control device (15), and data acquisition module, control are equipped in the data acquisition control device (15)
The signal output end of molding block and display module, data acquisition module is connect with control module and display module respectively；Institute's rheme
Displacement sensor (14), axis pressure sensor (3-4), consolidate water surge drum (13) level switch signal output end with acquisition
The signal input part of control device (15) interior data acquisition module connects, the control module in the acquisition control device (15) with
The control terminal of elevating mechanism (7) connects.
3. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described
Side pressure room (4) includes cylindrical shell (4-3), and the accent up and down of the side pressure chamber (4-4) is provided with cylindrical housings (4- respectively
3) upper and lower end face, and side pressure chamber (4-4) is the raised type cavity that mid diameter is greater than upper and lower accent diameter, the latex film (5)
Hollow cylindrical or the small hollow cylindrical of the big both ends diameter of mid diameter, latex film (5) are placed in side pressure chamber (4-4), and two
The accent up and down of side pressure chamber (4-4) is stretched out at end respectively, is sealed respectively by top cover labyrinth plate (4-5) and lower sealing cover plate (4-6)
It after covering tightly, then is fixed and clamped by top board (4-7) and lower platen (4-8), and loading clay sample (12) in sample chamber (6)
When, the latex film (5) is attached to the surface of clay sample (12), is equipped between top board (4-7) and lower platen (4-8) more
Root tie down screw (4-9).
4. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described
Side pressure room (4) is fixedly mounted on pedestal (2), is successively arranged permeable stone (10), clay sample from bottom to up in sample chamber (6)
(12) it is placed on sample table (16), is vertically equipped in the periphery of clay sample (12) more with waterproof plate (20), permeable stone (10)
A filter paper item (17), and the lower end of multiple filter paper items (17) is contacted with lower permeable stone (10)；It is equipped on waterproof plate (12) top
Bearing plate (22), the pressing means (3-3) are the strip of spherical cylindrical or multiple spherical connections, in bearing plate (14)
Center is equipped with is packed into clay examination with pressing means (3-3) matched pressurized tank, the pressing means (3-3) in sample chamber (6)
After sample (12), it is placed in the pressurized tank in bearing plate (14) centre and pressurizes to clay sample (12).
5. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described
Elevating mechanism (7) is electronic or hydraulicefficiency elevation structure, is provided with one or more, when being provided with multiple, is evenly distributed on liter
The bottom of plate (8) drops, and multiple elevating mechanisms (7) are gone up and down simultaneously；Lifting of the lifter plate (8) in pressurizing chamber (2-3) is high
Degree is greater than the height displacement of clay sample (12) when loading presses to destruction.
6. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the pressure
Adjustment barrel (1), for the internal sealing pressure cylinder that water is housed, pressure adjustment barrel (1) is permanent by pressure pipe (1-2) and external confining pressure
Pressure device (19) connection, is equipped with pressure monitor (1-1) on pressure adjustment barrel (1), and electromagnetism control is equipped on pressure pipe (1-2)
Valve (21) processed；The confining pressure constant-voltage equipment (19) is air compressor machine；The signal output end of the pressure monitor (1-1) is adopted with data
Collect the signal input part connection of control device (15), the signal output end and solenoid electric valve of data acquisition control device (15)
(21) signal input part connection.
7. a kind of test macro of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in sample table
(16) it is equipped with the sink (18) being connected to multiple permeable holes (11) in, is equipped with up concave type water outlet in the bottom surface of sink (18), and
Up concave type water outlet is connected to drainpipe (9)；The consolidation water surge drum (13) is the transparent cylinder with scale value, solid
It bears water and is packed into water in surge drum (13), original water is greater than the total Water of drainpipe (9) and sink (18), the water in cylinder
It detects it and is equipped with liquid level sensor (13-1) in consolidation water surge drum (13) bottom surface for setting in position；The consolidation water surge drum (13)
Floor height be greater than or equal to sample chamber (6) interior clay sample (12) floor height, drainpipe (11) lead to consolidation water receive
Collect the bottom of cylinder (13), and is equipped with draining control valve (11-1) on drainpipe (11).
8. a kind of test method of structured clays elasticity modulus, it is characterised in that the test process uses claims 1 or 2
In structured clays of the structured clays elasticity modulus test device for the plasticity index under saturation state greater than 30 carry out
Test, specific testing procedure are as follows:
(1) centre position is equipped with the sample table for being higher by base upper surface in the base, and is uniformly provided in the upper surface of sample table
Permeable hole, sample table is interior to be equipped with the sink with up concave type water outlet, and the water outlet of sink is equipped with the drainpipe for stretching out pedestal, by side
Pressure chamber is fixed on the base, the hollow sample chamber of sample table face；
(2) drainpipe is connect with the consolidation water surge drum equipped with water, the cylinder bottom position of consolidation water surge drum is higher than sample table
Table surface height, and it is equipped with liquid level sensor in consolidation water surge drum bottom, it is equipped with draining control valve on drainpipe, opens draining
Draining control valve on pipe makes to consolidate the water in water surge drum and flows into sink from drainpipe automatically, observes water by permeable hole
After water in slot is expired, draining control valve is closed, then the water level by liquid level sensor monitoring at this time, and is recorded as initial water
Position；
(3) pressure adjustment barrel is connect by pressure pipe with confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, pressure sensor is equipped in pressure adjustment barrel,
Solenoid valve is equipped on pressure pipe, control solenoid valve opens confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, and the upper exhaust outlet of open side pressure chamber simultaneously
Pipe and lower water inlet pipe exclude the intracavitary gas of side pressure to the intracavitary indentation water of side pressure, and pass through observation latex film and side pressure cavity wall
Between whether there is bubble to judge whether the intracavitary gas of side pressure all excludes；
(4) when latex film and side pressure cavity wall bubble-free, exhaust outlet pipe and lower water inlet pipe in closing simultaneously close off confining pressure perseverance
Pressure device smears lubricant in latex film inner wall, lower permeable stone, filter is then sequentially placed on the sample table in hollow sample chamber
Paper, clay sample, waterproof plate, pressure transmission plate and pressing means, filter paper are vertically provided at the periphery of clay sample, bottom end with it is permeable
Stone contact, and the lower pressure rack of external pressurized frame is installed, so that the axis pressure sensor in the middle part of it is in contact with pressing means；
(5) 1. 2. the data tested according to the soil analysis of clay to be measured, calculate separately to be tested according to following formula with formula
The axial stress σ of clay sample1With enclose compression stress ot3:
σ1=γ ' h is 1.
σ3=K0γ'h ②
In above-mentioned formula: σ1--- axial stress, kPa；γ ' --- native natural effective unit weight, kN/cm3；H --- upper overburden layer
Thickness；σ3--- confining pressure stress, kPa；K0--- native static lateral pressure coefficient；
(6) it is again turned on confining pressure constant-voltage equipment, and opens the control valve on lower water inlet pipe, pressurization is filled the water into pressure measuring chamber, is passed through
The confining pressure stress of solenoid valve control side pressure room on pressure sensor and pressure pipe in pressure adjustment barrel is to calculate in step (4)
Value σ3；Controlling elevating mechanism work simultaneously drives lifter plate 8 to decline, so that external pressurized frame be driven to push, and opens control
Device controls its axis compression by the axis pressure sensor on additional press box and reaches the value σ calculated in step (4)1, clay is tried
Sample carries out K0 consolidation；
(7) in K0 consolidation process, the draining control valve on drainpipe is opened, enters sample under the action of axis pressure and confining pressure
Draining extremely consolidation water surge drum, and its liquid level variable quantity is monitored by liquid level sensor in consolidation water surge drum, consolidation time is not
It obtains and is less than 12 hours, when liquid level ascending amount is not more than 0.01mm per hour, K0 consolidation is completed, closing drainpipe and liter
Descending mechanism；
(8) the breakdown strength σ of clay to be measured is calculatedfValue, by controller control shaft press pressurizing device successively according toStress level divide multiple blade row and off-load, wherein an=3, a1、a2、an-1It is all larger than an, every time
Loading unloading time interval one minute, every grade of stress repetition repeatedly, arriveLoading process be depressed into clay sample destruction,
Terminate test；In loading unloading process, record acquires each axial change of loading unloading by the displacement sensor on metal plate
Shape amount；
(9) axial deflection is unloaded by each loading acquired in step (7), draws the pass of pressurization release and axial deflection
It is curve Δ h-p, it willThe two-end-point of the last one hysteresis circle is linked to be straight line, and slope is elasticity modulus, and according to public affairs
3. formula calculates the elasticity modulus of clay to be measured:
Formula 3. in: E-sample elasticity modulus, kPa；
The Δ xial feed of p-every grade, N；
∑ Δ h-corresponds to the flexible deformation under gross pressure, mm；
A0- sample initial area, cm2；；
hcHeight after-sample consolidation, mm；
10-Units conversion factors.
9. a kind of test method of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the step
(8) the breakdown strength σ of clay to be measured infFor the confining pressure value σ being calculated in step (6)3Under, to clay to be measured according to standard
Test method carry out triaxial shear test, until sample destroy when shear strength.
10. a kind of test method of structured clays elasticity modulus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly in (8) by controller control shaft press pressurizing device successively according to Stress level divide three-level loading
And off-load, every grade of loading are completed in four times, off-load in four times again after the completion of four loadings, complete a loading off-load circulation, and
Time interval one minute of loading and off-load, every grade of loading off-load circulation are carried out 5 times, have been recycled in 5 loading off-loads of level-one
At the rear loading unloading process for carrying out next stage, it is repeated in, untilLoading process be depressed into clay sample destruction terminate
Test.
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| US20210325318A1 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2021-10-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and systems of testing formation samples using a rock hydrostatic compression chamber |
| CN115356191A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-18 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Triaxial tensile test method for cohesive soil |
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| CN113514628A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-10-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Fine grained soil consolidation swelling and shrinkage and dry-wet cycle integrated test device and test method thereof |
| CN115356191A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-11-18 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Triaxial tensile test method for cohesive soil |
| CN115356191B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-03-10 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Triaxial tensile test method for cohesive soil |
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