CN110231182A - Indoor tire wear test method - Google Patents
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- CN110231182A CN110231182A CN201910515677.1A CN201910515677A CN110231182A CN 110231182 A CN110231182 A CN 110231182A CN 201910515677 A CN201910515677 A CN 201910515677A CN 110231182 A CN110231182 A CN 110231182A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/02—Tyres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/02—Tyres
- G01M17/027—Tyres using light, e.g. infrared, ultraviolet or holographic techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Interior tire wear test method of the present invention, based on rotating drum experiments machine, 3 D laser scanning is used to realize 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working, to improve the accuracy of tire wear test data, improve testing efficiency, establishes and improve wear analysis appraisement system standard.The test method includes following steps, and tested tire loads on the surface of tub wheel of rotary drum;The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measuring datas of tyre surface is obtained, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and its sides that tire wear test is carried out based on simulation multiple road rotating drum experiments machine
Method belongs to rubber manufacturing machinery and industrial automation.
Background technique
Rubber tyre applied to fields such as aviation, road traffics at present is both needed to carry out before its factory is come into operation
A variety of item detections and experiment, abrasion, rolling hinder and the experimental projects such as wet and slippery performance.
The transmitting of rubbing action and power with ground provides items power and torque, vehicle travel process needed for tire motion
It is middle necessarily to cause tire wear.Since rubber and its primary articles tire have viscoelasticity, large deformation, nonlinear characteristic, material
Performance and strain, temperature, frequency, ageing time strong correlation again, abrasion are the problem in science of multidisciplinary complexity, externality because
Element is also various, the difference of use condition (road conditions, load, speed, air pressure, vehicle, wheel position and automobile driver etc.)
It will have a direct impact on wear hardness.Continuous with national limit for tonnage management is reinforced and the increasingly specification in Automobile Transportation market, abrasion
Importance is shown especially increasingly, the middle-long distance market especially based on tubeless, and wearability has become user and examines properties of product most heavy
The technical indicator wanted.The wearability of tire is that domestic and international tire enterprise endeavours the mark for solving to embody its technical advance, is state
The common issue that inside and outside tyre industry faces.
There are the wear tests such as Lat100, Lambour, Akron, DIN to set in the world at present the research of rubber tyre abrasion
Standby and test method, for the test of finished tire abrasion, at present still based on entrucking road test.By special detection mechanism or enterprise
Voluntarily choice experiment clicks through luggage bus or train route and tries and track mileage experimental data, and not only the test period is long, at high cost, but also uses work
Condition is uncontrollable, such as road, weather, trailer reversing situation are difficult to do detailed data tracking.
In view of this special to propose present patent application.
Summary of the invention
Interior tire wear test method of the present invention, is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and be based on turning
Drum experimental machine uses 3 D laser scanning to realize 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface to obtain the abrasion under various working
Figureofmerit is established to improve the accuracy of tire wear test data, improve testing efficiency and improves wear analysis evaluation body
It is standard.
The application is a kind of new method for being changed into indoor lathe test by outdoor road experiment, that is, realizes test data
Instant tracking.For achieving the above object, the indoor tire wear test method includes following implementation steps:
Tested tire loads on the surface of tub wheel of rotary drum;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface
Data, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
Such as above-mentioned basic scheme, test method is tested using tire six square phase experimental machine, using MSC determination of six components of foree
Wheel hub or KISTLER determination of six components of foree wheel hub carry out mechanical information acquisition, X, Y, Z tri- Xiang Li and three including different operation postures
Item torque test.
For testing the rotary drum of tire, drum is assemblied in grease lubrication roller bearing and reaches dynamic equilibrium and meet ISO
Standard.Tested tire and rotary drum are in vertical up-down structure, and rotary drum median plane is overlapped with tire centerline face and perpendicular to ground.
Wear test need to set a variety of different operating conditions, such as different speed, running time and pavement conditions.Root
According to presetting, the mileage travelled under corresponding each working condition is calculated.Based on the tire 2D profile that information collection obtains, control
Abrasion loss and final abrasion under each operating condition can be obtained in the real-time measuring data of 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data of tyre surface after actual measurement
Amount, abrasion loss can be characterized with abrasion height.The wear test method established with this directly, can be detected accurately to evaluate
The wear-resisting property of tire.
Further, it in above method implementation process, is equipped in the drum circumferential exterior surface of the rotating drum experiments machine
Several sectorial blocks, the outer surface of sectorial block are provided with the concave convex groove for simulating different road surfaces.The road surface of simulation may include having
Metal smooth surface, crude asphalt road surface, thin bituminous pavement and cement pavement.
More refinement with preferred embodiment is, using the even straight line of tire six square phase experimental machine progress, speed change, lateral deviation,
The test under operating condition is rolled, sine wave, cosine wave, trapezoidal wave can be set under lateral deviation and inclination operating condition and tested.
In conclusion tire rolling resistance test method has the advantage, that under herein described interior various working
1, a kind of indoor lathe test method is realized, test data is more accurate, quick, can intuitively, systematically be used for
The corresponding relationship between tire wear amount and operating status is evaluated, is provided for tire construction improvement with material application accurate, complete
The reference in face refers to.
2, by simulation multiple road condition, the simulated experiment to different road conditions is realized.
3, the brake of tire, starting, lateral deviation, the mileage travelled for rolling different operating conditions, mechanical information are accomplished in real time
Tracking.
4, using profile laser scanning system, the real-time measurement to abrasion loss (abrasion height) is realized.
5, in contrast to existing entrucking actual road test, experimental period and cost can be greatly reduced in the application, help to establish
Evaluation criterion of the starting to wear test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the wear test schematic device;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of rotary drum;
Fig. 3 is tire and rotary drum assembling schematic diagram and SAE coordinate system;
Fig. 4 is that tire and the direct-view of rotary drum dress, side view compare;
Fig. 5 is the analysis comparison diagram of the common abrasion problems of tire;
Fig. 6 is the different mill circumferential scanning schematic diagram of pattern block heel;
Fig. 7 is the radial scan schematic diagram for wearing away height;
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, bearing 1, drum 2, sectorial block 3, card slot 5, tire 8.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the experimental provision applied to tire wear test are divided into upper layer and lower layer, upper layer
To take turns proloculum, lower layer is rotary drum room and is provided with rotating drum experiments machine.
Rotating drum experiments machine includes the drum 2 being axially mounted on bearing 1.When experiment, tire 8 and the perpendicular structure of drum 2,
Rotary drum is overlapped with the median plane of tire 8 and is each perpendicular to ground.
Drum 2 is steel welding construction and need to reach dynamic equilibrium requirement and meet related iso standard, diameter 3m, appearance
Face width is 650mm.Bearing 1 selects grease lubrication roller bearing, and the machined processing of drum outer surface is to ensure that surface is smooth, ruler
It is very little accurate.
In the sectorial block 3 that the circumferential exterior surface of drum 2 is inlaid with 30 aluminum alloy materials, overlay coating is tungsten carbide, fan
The processing of shape block 3 is with a thickness of 30mm, width 650mm.The outer surface of each sectorial block 3 is provided with for simulating different road surfaces
Concave convex groove.
The both sides of the edge of 2 circumferential exterior surface of drum are provided with the card slot 5 of indent, correspondingly, in sectorial block 3 longitudinal two
Side edge is provided with the snap ring of evagination.By the assembling structure of snap ring and card slot 5, sectorial block 3 can be effectively prevented along drum 2
Transverse shifting occurs for surface.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the used test device host of the application test method includes that industry CT, tire six divide
The test equipments such as force tester, high speed uniformity, drift angle, inclination angle experiment.Host equipment is all set in the wheel proloculum of the upper layer in Fig. 1
In, the rotating drum experiments machine of simulated roadway is connected to host.
Specific test device and system are provided that
1), control and information acquisition system
Power, mechanical structure: can satisfy tire turn to, actively with the mechanical environment demand under braking condition;
Control system: PAC industrial control unit (ICU) (U.S.'s NI Products), by real-time controller+embedded FPGA cabinet+I/O
Module (integrated signal conditioning) composition can satisfy abrasiometer high-precision, efficient dynamic control.
Mechanical information acquisition: MSC determination of six components of foree wheel hub or KISTLER determination of six components of foree wheel hub can test tire not
With tri- Xiang Li and three torques of X, Y, Z of posture.
2) equipment is installed
It is assisted carrying out changing the outfit for drum road surface plate by elevator.
Herein described interior tire wear test method, includes following implementation steps:
Tested tire loads on 2 surface of drum of rotary drum, and 2 circumferential exterior surface of drum is equipped with sectorial block 3, sectorial block 3
Outer surface be provided with the concave convex groove for simulating different road surfaces;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface
Data, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
Further, the survey under even straight line, speed change, lateral deviation, inclination operating condition is carried out using tire six square phase experimental machine
Sine wave, cosine wave, trapezoidal wave can be set under examination, lateral deviation and inclination operating condition to be tested.
Evaluate the index of tire wear performance, usually abrasion resistance, i.e., abrasion quality or abrasion in unit mileage
Highly.As shown in figure 5, tire wear is common issue is that eccentric wear, different mill and entirety are not wear-resisting.
Eccentric wear, it is different abraded outside Slurry pump, mainly caused by structure in tire design, and whole not wear-resisting and tyre surface
Formula relationship is larger.The most common different mill, eccentric wear problem, such as mill hat phenomenon, mill shoulder, single-edge grinding shoulder and the pattern block heel in Fig. 5
The abrasion in portion.
It is more universal to be oriented to disc sharpener shoulder phenomenon, main reason is that its steering situation is more.And driving wheel be more as
In Fig. 5 f) shown in friction phenomenon, driving wheel in order to increase driven nature generally use block flower design, grind pattern block rear portion (decorative pattern
Block heel) the phenomenon that it is more universal.
Can be seen that tire wear from the above comparative analysis has close relationship from different wheel bit function operating conditions.
It is to carry out the guide look of testing and control parameter using above-mentioned test method shown in the following table 1:
Herein described interior tire wear test method, the three-dimensional laser scanning system of use are used for tread contour shape
State carries out real-time tracking, and circumferential variation, radial variations and the cross directional variations of tyre surface and side are gone out with real-time measurement.
Circumferential measurement can detecte out the different mill problem of driving wheel pattern block heel.
Radial direction monitoring can detecte out the variation of abrasion height or track abrasion process or detect as shown in Figure 5 more
The different mill problem of kind.
Cross directional variations can detecte out the extended mode of groove, this is to solution decorative pattern (especially longitudinally oriented strip flower decorative pattern)
Ditch breach problem is more important, groove extended amplitude is bigger can directly result in tire groove in high frequency heat gather and
Fatigue damage.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, carrying out circumferential scanning detection to the different mill phenomenon of the pattern block heel of driving wheel.
The circumferential surface sweeping data of corresponding different mill pattern block lateral coordinates are extracted, available (international automobile association is recognized in SAE
Fixed international automobile industry unified standard) curve graph of the pattern block surface in each period under coordinate system, to analyze decorative pattern mill
The geometric shape of damage.
As shown in fig. 7, the calculating to tire wear height.
Under SAE vehicle axis system, with the radial values (i.e. z coordinate numerical value) of the tire tread contour of tire initial launch for base
Standard, the variable quantity of each point of tire tread contour is to wear away height in operational process.
Its calculating formula is hij=Iij-Pij
In formula, hij indicates the abrasion height (mm) of surface of tyre each point, and subscript i represents the laterally i.e. direction y, j and represents the side x
Longitudinally or circumferentially to i.e. tire, Iij indicates that the z coordinate value (mm) of corresponding points when tire initial launch, Pij indicate tire operation
The z coordinate value (mm) of process corresponding points.
Based on above-mentioned calculating, the calculating formula that height is totally worn away to tire is as follows:
H=rI-rP
In formula, h indicates tire wear height (mm), rIIndicate the tire initial launch hour wheel axis center heart away from drum surface
Distance (mm), rpIndicate distance (mm) of the tire operational process wheel axis center heart away from drum surface.
The process of the interior tire wear test method is as follows:
The selection of the air pressure of tire, load and road surface type;
Process control, refer mainly to tire operation posture control and runing time or mileage formulation, including speed change traveling,
Side drift angle, angle of heel and at the uniform velocity four kinds of operating conditions of stable state linear running;
A) inflation is parked.Tire is installed in standard rim speed, by experimental design to tyre inflating, in reality after inflation
Room is tested to park 8 hours or more.
B) tire trial operation.Gauge load, 50km/h, uniform rectilinear's traveling, mileage travelled 100km.Tire trial operation
Purpose is to discharge tire construction residual stress, so that tire tread contour is reached stable state, reduce test error.
C) experiment operation, process shutdown and wear trace.To uniform rectilinear's list working condition tests, the tracking frequency is mileage
1000km/ times, to drift angle, inclination angle and speed change list working condition tests, tracking the frequency is mileage 100km/ times, is tested to load cases combination
The tracking frequency want compatible with single working condition experimenting requirement, while also requiring that wear trace must be done in change working node.Shut down inspection
The abrasion state for looking into tire transfers analytic process abrasion information, records put on record experimentation key parameter and wear characteristics, then
Continue to execute experimentation.This step to this experiment is repeated to complete.
D) reproducibility is tested.At least 3, the inspection tire of every kind of experimental program, 3 times or more repetition experiments need to be done, i.e., it is heavy
Multiple A)~C) experimentation.Abnormal results are removed, ensure virtual value less than three times.
E) abrasion report.The average value for wearing away highly effective value more than three times is calculated, as experimental program test result, and
The process data of experiment test and test result are filled up to tire examination abrasion test report.
Compared with prior art, the application wear test method can be effectively prevented from the drawbacks of traditional road test, such as
Shown in the following table 2.
As described above, similar technical solution can be derived in conjunction with the plan content that attached drawing and description provide.But it is all
Without departing from the plan content of structure of the invention, according to the technical essence of the invention to any part shape made by above description
Modification, equivalent variations and modification and each slight tune for forming component locations and structure of shape, size, connection type and mounting structure
It is whole, still fall within the interest field of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of interior tire wear test method, it is characterised in that: it include following implementation steps,
Tested tire loads on drum (2) surface of rotary drum;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurement numbers of tyre surface
According to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
2. interior tire wear test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the drum of the rotating drum experiments machine
(2), circumferential exterior surface is equipped with several sectorial blocks (3), and the outer surface of sectorial block (3) is provided with for simulating different road surfaces
Concave convex groove.
3. interior tire wear test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use tire six square phase experimental machine
The test under even straight line, speed change, lateral deviation, inclination operating condition is carried out, sine wave, cosine can be set under lateral deviation and inclination operating condition
Wave, trapezoidal wave are tested.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111380706A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-07 | 中策橡胶集团有限公司 | Tire steady-state contour detection device and detection method based on mileage tester |
CN113075074A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 特拓(青岛)轮胎技术有限公司 | Tire wear prediction method |
CN113203582A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-03 | 安徽德技汽车检测中心有限公司 | Test method for detecting crack degrees of pattern groove bottom and side wall of tire under severe road conditions |
CN114061986A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 青岛科技大学 | Rubber abrasion testing method |
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