CN110231182A - Indoor tire wear test method - Google Patents

Indoor tire wear test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110231182A
CN110231182A CN201910515677.1A CN201910515677A CN110231182A CN 110231182 A CN110231182 A CN 110231182A CN 201910515677 A CN201910515677 A CN 201910515677A CN 110231182 A CN110231182 A CN 110231182A
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China
Prior art keywords
tire
test method
tested
abrasion
tire wear
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CN201910515677.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹海山
马连湘
汪传生
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201910515677.1A priority Critical patent/CN110231182A/en
Publication of CN110231182A publication Critical patent/CN110231182A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/02Tyres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/02Tyres
    • G01M17/027Tyres using light, e.g. infrared, ultraviolet or holographic techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

Interior tire wear test method of the present invention, based on rotating drum experiments machine, 3 D laser scanning is used to realize 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working, to improve the accuracy of tire wear test data, improve testing efficiency, establishes and improve wear analysis appraisement system standard.The test method includes following steps, and tested tire loads on the surface of tub wheel of rotary drum;The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measuring datas of tyre surface is obtained, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.

Description

Indoor tire wear test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and its sides that tire wear test is carried out based on simulation multiple road rotating drum experiments machine Method belongs to rubber manufacturing machinery and industrial automation.
Background technique
Rubber tyre applied to fields such as aviation, road traffics at present is both needed to carry out before its factory is come into operation A variety of item detections and experiment, abrasion, rolling hinder and the experimental projects such as wet and slippery performance.
The transmitting of rubbing action and power with ground provides items power and torque, vehicle travel process needed for tire motion It is middle necessarily to cause tire wear.Since rubber and its primary articles tire have viscoelasticity, large deformation, nonlinear characteristic, material Performance and strain, temperature, frequency, ageing time strong correlation again, abrasion are the problem in science of multidisciplinary complexity, externality because Element is also various, the difference of use condition (road conditions, load, speed, air pressure, vehicle, wheel position and automobile driver etc.) It will have a direct impact on wear hardness.Continuous with national limit for tonnage management is reinforced and the increasingly specification in Automobile Transportation market, abrasion Importance is shown especially increasingly, the middle-long distance market especially based on tubeless, and wearability has become user and examines properties of product most heavy The technical indicator wanted.The wearability of tire is that domestic and international tire enterprise endeavours the mark for solving to embody its technical advance, is state The common issue that inside and outside tyre industry faces.
There are the wear tests such as Lat100, Lambour, Akron, DIN to set in the world at present the research of rubber tyre abrasion Standby and test method, for the test of finished tire abrasion, at present still based on entrucking road test.By special detection mechanism or enterprise Voluntarily choice experiment clicks through luggage bus or train route and tries and track mileage experimental data, and not only the test period is long, at high cost, but also uses work Condition is uncontrollable, such as road, weather, trailer reversing situation are difficult to do detailed data tracking.
In view of this special to propose present patent application.
Summary of the invention
Interior tire wear test method of the present invention, is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and be based on turning Drum experimental machine uses 3 D laser scanning to realize 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface to obtain the abrasion under various working Figureofmerit is established to improve the accuracy of tire wear test data, improve testing efficiency and improves wear analysis evaluation body It is standard.
The application is a kind of new method for being changed into indoor lathe test by outdoor road experiment, that is, realizes test data Instant tracking.For achieving the above object, the indoor tire wear test method includes following implementation steps:
Tested tire loads on the surface of tub wheel of rotary drum;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface Data, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
Such as above-mentioned basic scheme, test method is tested using tire six square phase experimental machine, using MSC determination of six components of foree Wheel hub or KISTLER determination of six components of foree wheel hub carry out mechanical information acquisition, X, Y, Z tri- Xiang Li and three including different operation postures Item torque test.
For testing the rotary drum of tire, drum is assemblied in grease lubrication roller bearing and reaches dynamic equilibrium and meet ISO Standard.Tested tire and rotary drum are in vertical up-down structure, and rotary drum median plane is overlapped with tire centerline face and perpendicular to ground.
Wear test need to set a variety of different operating conditions, such as different speed, running time and pavement conditions.Root According to presetting, the mileage travelled under corresponding each working condition is calculated.Based on the tire 2D profile that information collection obtains, control Abrasion loss and final abrasion under each operating condition can be obtained in the real-time measuring data of 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data of tyre surface after actual measurement Amount, abrasion loss can be characterized with abrasion height.The wear test method established with this directly, can be detected accurately to evaluate The wear-resisting property of tire.
Further, it in above method implementation process, is equipped in the drum circumferential exterior surface of the rotating drum experiments machine Several sectorial blocks, the outer surface of sectorial block are provided with the concave convex groove for simulating different road surfaces.The road surface of simulation may include having Metal smooth surface, crude asphalt road surface, thin bituminous pavement and cement pavement.
More refinement with preferred embodiment is, using the even straight line of tire six square phase experimental machine progress, speed change, lateral deviation, The test under operating condition is rolled, sine wave, cosine wave, trapezoidal wave can be set under lateral deviation and inclination operating condition and tested.
In conclusion tire rolling resistance test method has the advantage, that under herein described interior various working
1, a kind of indoor lathe test method is realized, test data is more accurate, quick, can intuitively, systematically be used for The corresponding relationship between tire wear amount and operating status is evaluated, is provided for tire construction improvement with material application accurate, complete The reference in face refers to.
2, by simulation multiple road condition, the simulated experiment to different road conditions is realized.
3, the brake of tire, starting, lateral deviation, the mileage travelled for rolling different operating conditions, mechanical information are accomplished in real time Tracking.
4, using profile laser scanning system, the real-time measurement to abrasion loss (abrasion height) is realized.
5, in contrast to existing entrucking actual road test, experimental period and cost can be greatly reduced in the application, help to establish Evaluation criterion of the starting to wear test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the wear test schematic device;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of rotary drum;
Fig. 3 is tire and rotary drum assembling schematic diagram and SAE coordinate system;
Fig. 4 is that tire and the direct-view of rotary drum dress, side view compare;
Fig. 5 is the analysis comparison diagram of the common abrasion problems of tire;
Fig. 6 is the different mill circumferential scanning schematic diagram of pattern block heel;
Fig. 7 is the radial scan schematic diagram for wearing away height;
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, bearing 1, drum 2, sectorial block 3, card slot 5, tire 8.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the experimental provision applied to tire wear test are divided into upper layer and lower layer, upper layer To take turns proloculum, lower layer is rotary drum room and is provided with rotating drum experiments machine.
Rotating drum experiments machine includes the drum 2 being axially mounted on bearing 1.When experiment, tire 8 and the perpendicular structure of drum 2, Rotary drum is overlapped with the median plane of tire 8 and is each perpendicular to ground.
Drum 2 is steel welding construction and need to reach dynamic equilibrium requirement and meet related iso standard, diameter 3m, appearance Face width is 650mm.Bearing 1 selects grease lubrication roller bearing, and the machined processing of drum outer surface is to ensure that surface is smooth, ruler It is very little accurate.
In the sectorial block 3 that the circumferential exterior surface of drum 2 is inlaid with 30 aluminum alloy materials, overlay coating is tungsten carbide, fan The processing of shape block 3 is with a thickness of 30mm, width 650mm.The outer surface of each sectorial block 3 is provided with for simulating different road surfaces Concave convex groove.
The both sides of the edge of 2 circumferential exterior surface of drum are provided with the card slot 5 of indent, correspondingly, in sectorial block 3 longitudinal two Side edge is provided with the snap ring of evagination.By the assembling structure of snap ring and card slot 5, sectorial block 3 can be effectively prevented along drum 2 Transverse shifting occurs for surface.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the used test device host of the application test method includes that industry CT, tire six divide The test equipments such as force tester, high speed uniformity, drift angle, inclination angle experiment.Host equipment is all set in the wheel proloculum of the upper layer in Fig. 1 In, the rotating drum experiments machine of simulated roadway is connected to host.
Specific test device and system are provided that
1), control and information acquisition system
Power, mechanical structure: can satisfy tire turn to, actively with the mechanical environment demand under braking condition;
Control system: PAC industrial control unit (ICU) (U.S.'s NI Products), by real-time controller+embedded FPGA cabinet+I/O Module (integrated signal conditioning) composition can satisfy abrasiometer high-precision, efficient dynamic control.
Mechanical information acquisition: MSC determination of six components of foree wheel hub or KISTLER determination of six components of foree wheel hub can test tire not With tri- Xiang Li and three torques of X, Y, Z of posture.
2) equipment is installed
It is assisted carrying out changing the outfit for drum road surface plate by elevator.
Herein described interior tire wear test method, includes following implementation steps:
Tested tire loads on 2 surface of drum of rotary drum, and 2 circumferential exterior surface of drum is equipped with sectorial block 3, sectorial block 3 Outer surface be provided with the concave convex groove for simulating different road surfaces;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurements of tyre surface Data, to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
Further, the survey under even straight line, speed change, lateral deviation, inclination operating condition is carried out using tire six square phase experimental machine Sine wave, cosine wave, trapezoidal wave can be set under examination, lateral deviation and inclination operating condition to be tested.
Evaluate the index of tire wear performance, usually abrasion resistance, i.e., abrasion quality or abrasion in unit mileage Highly.As shown in figure 5, tire wear is common issue is that eccentric wear, different mill and entirety are not wear-resisting.
Eccentric wear, it is different abraded outside Slurry pump, mainly caused by structure in tire design, and whole not wear-resisting and tyre surface Formula relationship is larger.The most common different mill, eccentric wear problem, such as mill hat phenomenon, mill shoulder, single-edge grinding shoulder and the pattern block heel in Fig. 5 The abrasion in portion.
It is more universal to be oriented to disc sharpener shoulder phenomenon, main reason is that its steering situation is more.And driving wheel be more as In Fig. 5 f) shown in friction phenomenon, driving wheel in order to increase driven nature generally use block flower design, grind pattern block rear portion (decorative pattern Block heel) the phenomenon that it is more universal.
Can be seen that tire wear from the above comparative analysis has close relationship from different wheel bit function operating conditions.
It is to carry out the guide look of testing and control parameter using above-mentioned test method shown in the following table 1:
Herein described interior tire wear test method, the three-dimensional laser scanning system of use are used for tread contour shape State carries out real-time tracking, and circumferential variation, radial variations and the cross directional variations of tyre surface and side are gone out with real-time measurement.
Circumferential measurement can detecte out the different mill problem of driving wheel pattern block heel.
Radial direction monitoring can detecte out the variation of abrasion height or track abrasion process or detect as shown in Figure 5 more The different mill problem of kind.
Cross directional variations can detecte out the extended mode of groove, this is to solution decorative pattern (especially longitudinally oriented strip flower decorative pattern) Ditch breach problem is more important, groove extended amplitude is bigger can directly result in tire groove in high frequency heat gather and Fatigue damage.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, carrying out circumferential scanning detection to the different mill phenomenon of the pattern block heel of driving wheel.
The circumferential surface sweeping data of corresponding different mill pattern block lateral coordinates are extracted, available (international automobile association is recognized in SAE Fixed international automobile industry unified standard) curve graph of the pattern block surface in each period under coordinate system, to analyze decorative pattern mill The geometric shape of damage.
As shown in fig. 7, the calculating to tire wear height.
Under SAE vehicle axis system, with the radial values (i.e. z coordinate numerical value) of the tire tread contour of tire initial launch for base Standard, the variable quantity of each point of tire tread contour is to wear away height in operational process.
Its calculating formula is hij=Iij-Pij
In formula, hij indicates the abrasion height (mm) of surface of tyre each point, and subscript i represents the laterally i.e. direction y, j and represents the side x Longitudinally or circumferentially to i.e. tire, Iij indicates that the z coordinate value (mm) of corresponding points when tire initial launch, Pij indicate tire operation The z coordinate value (mm) of process corresponding points.
Based on above-mentioned calculating, the calculating formula that height is totally worn away to tire is as follows:
H=rI-rP
In formula, h indicates tire wear height (mm), rIIndicate the tire initial launch hour wheel axis center heart away from drum surface Distance (mm), rpIndicate distance (mm) of the tire operational process wheel axis center heart away from drum surface.
The process of the interior tire wear test method is as follows:
The selection of the air pressure of tire, load and road surface type;
Process control, refer mainly to tire operation posture control and runing time or mileage formulation, including speed change traveling, Side drift angle, angle of heel and at the uniform velocity four kinds of operating conditions of stable state linear running;
A) inflation is parked.Tire is installed in standard rim speed, by experimental design to tyre inflating, in reality after inflation Room is tested to park 8 hours or more.
B) tire trial operation.Gauge load, 50km/h, uniform rectilinear's traveling, mileage travelled 100km.Tire trial operation Purpose is to discharge tire construction residual stress, so that tire tread contour is reached stable state, reduce test error.
C) experiment operation, process shutdown and wear trace.To uniform rectilinear's list working condition tests, the tracking frequency is mileage 1000km/ times, to drift angle, inclination angle and speed change list working condition tests, tracking the frequency is mileage 100km/ times, is tested to load cases combination The tracking frequency want compatible with single working condition experimenting requirement, while also requiring that wear trace must be done in change working node.Shut down inspection The abrasion state for looking into tire transfers analytic process abrasion information, records put on record experimentation key parameter and wear characteristics, then Continue to execute experimentation.This step to this experiment is repeated to complete.
D) reproducibility is tested.At least 3, the inspection tire of every kind of experimental program, 3 times or more repetition experiments need to be done, i.e., it is heavy Multiple A)~C) experimentation.Abnormal results are removed, ensure virtual value less than three times.
E) abrasion report.The average value for wearing away highly effective value more than three times is calculated, as experimental program test result, and The process data of experiment test and test result are filled up to tire examination abrasion test report.
Compared with prior art, the application wear test method can be effectively prevented from the drawbacks of traditional road test, such as Shown in the following table 2.
As described above, similar technical solution can be derived in conjunction with the plan content that attached drawing and description provide.But it is all Without departing from the plan content of structure of the invention, according to the technical essence of the invention to any part shape made by above description Modification, equivalent variations and modification and each slight tune for forming component locations and structure of shape, size, connection type and mounting structure It is whole, still fall within the interest field of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of interior tire wear test method, it is characterised in that: it include following implementation steps,
Tested tire loads on drum (2) surface of rotary drum;
The tire 2D profile geometric data obtained based on information collection;
Based on tire six-compoent thrust test machine, the acquisition of tyre surface three-dimensional geometry data is realized using three-dimensional laser scanning system;
It realizes that the experiment to tire wear is tested on rotating drum experiments machine, obtains 360 ° of 3D decorative pattern data real-time measurement numbers of tyre surface According to obtain the abrasion figureofmerit under various working.
2. interior tire wear test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the drum of the rotating drum experiments machine (2), circumferential exterior surface is equipped with several sectorial blocks (3), and the outer surface of sectorial block (3) is provided with for simulating different road surfaces Concave convex groove.
3. interior tire wear test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use tire six square phase experimental machine The test under even straight line, speed change, lateral deviation, inclination operating condition is carried out, sine wave, cosine can be set under lateral deviation and inclination operating condition Wave, trapezoidal wave are tested.
CN201910515677.1A 2019-06-14 2019-06-14 Indoor tire wear test method Pending CN110231182A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111380706A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-07 中策橡胶集团有限公司 Tire steady-state contour detection device and detection method based on mileage tester
CN113075074A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-06 特拓(青岛)轮胎技术有限公司 Tire wear prediction method
CN113203582A (en) * 2021-05-07 2021-08-03 安徽德技汽车检测中心有限公司 Test method for detecting crack degrees of pattern groove bottom and side wall of tire under severe road conditions
CN114061986A (en) * 2021-11-19 2022-02-18 青岛科技大学 Rubber abrasion testing method

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111380706A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-07 中策橡胶集团有限公司 Tire steady-state contour detection device and detection method based on mileage tester
CN113075074A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-06 特拓(青岛)轮胎技术有限公司 Tire wear prediction method
CN113075074B (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-08-05 特拓(青岛)轮胎技术有限公司 Tire wear prediction method
CN113203582A (en) * 2021-05-07 2021-08-03 安徽德技汽车检测中心有限公司 Test method for detecting crack degrees of pattern groove bottom and side wall of tire under severe road conditions
CN114061986A (en) * 2021-11-19 2022-02-18 青岛科技大学 Rubber abrasion testing method
CN114061986B (en) * 2021-11-19 2023-10-10 青岛科技大学 Rubber abrasion testing method

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