CN110230697B - Transmission single shifting fork shaft assembly structure and interlocking method - Google Patents

Transmission single shifting fork shaft assembly structure and interlocking method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110230697B
CN110230697B CN201910460802.3A CN201910460802A CN110230697B CN 110230697 B CN110230697 B CN 110230697B CN 201910460802 A CN201910460802 A CN 201910460802A CN 110230697 B CN110230697 B CN 110230697B
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shifting
gear
fork
shifting fork
shift
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CN110230697A (en
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强革涛
许明中
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Baoji Fast Gear Co Ltd
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Baoji Fast Gear Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/34Locking or disabling mechanisms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

According to the structure and the interlocking method of the single shifting fork shaft assembly of the transmission, a three-four-gear shifting fork, a gear selecting shifting head, a two-gear shifting fork and a five-gear shifting fork are arranged on a shifting fork shaft, a five-gear shifting fork guide block of the five-gear shifting fork penetrates through a two-gear shifting fork, so that a two-gear shifting fork shifting groove, a three-four-gear shifting fork shifting groove and a five-gear shifting fork shifting groove are positioned on the same radial section, when gear selection is carried out, an elastic ejector pin rotates into the shifting fork shifting groove of a selected gear and pushes against the shifting fork shifting groove, an interlocking block rotates into shifting fork shifting grooves of other gears, and when gear shifting is carried out, the shifting fork shaft drives the corresponding shifting fork to move to carry out gear shifting operation, and the interlocking block positions the other shifting forks to realize the gear interlocking function; the gear shifting mechanism has the advantages that gear shifting and gear interlocking are achieved through one shifting fork shaft, parts of a shifting fork shaft assembly are reduced, assembly efficiency is improved, and manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Transmission single shifting fork shaft assembly structure and interlocking method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions of motor vehicles, in particular to a single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a transmission and an interlocking method.
Background
With the increasing development of the automobile industry at home and abroad, the technical requirements on the transmission are also higher and higher. On the basis of ensuring high reliability and high quality of the transmission, products are required to be continuously optimally designed, the gear shifting comfort and the gear shifting hand feeling are improved, and higher requirements are put forward on the light weight and the cost reduction of materials.
At present, the traditional five-gear manual transmission mostly adopts a multi-shaft shifting fork structure, each gear shifting fork or shifting fork shaft is respectively provided with a self-locking groove or is independently designed with a self-locking mechanism, and the shifting fork mostly adopts cast steel materials. The shifting fork has the advantages of more structural parts and assembly procedures, higher cost and unfavorable lightening of products. In addition, the gear shifting quality is affected due to the problems of large neutral gear clearance and the like of the traditional transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a speed changer and an interlocking method, wherein a shifting fork shaft and a shifting fork guide block are integrally formed, so that the number of parts and assembly procedures are effectively reduced, and the weight and the cost are reduced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a speed changer comprises a shifting fork shaft, and a first gear shifting fork, a third gear shifting fork and a fourth gear shifting fork and a fifth reverse gear shifting fork which are sequentially sleeved on the shifting fork shaft in a hollow mode;
one side of the first gear shifting fork is provided with a first gear shifting fork guide block, and the first gear shifting fork guide block is provided with a first gear shifting fork shifting groove; one side of the third and fourth shift fork is provided with a third and fourth shift fork guide block, and the third and fourth shift fork guide block is provided with a third and fourth shift fork shifting groove; one side of the five-reverse shift fork is provided with a five-reverse shift fork guide block, and the five-reverse shift fork guide block is provided with a five-reverse shift fork shifting groove;
the shifting fork shaft is fixedly connected with a gear selecting and shifting fork which is positioned between the three-fourth gear shifting fork and the first-second gear shifting fork, an interlocking block is sleeved on the upper part of the gear selecting and shifting fork, and an elastic ejector pin is arranged at the bottom of the gear selecting and shifting fork; during gear selection, the boss, the elastic ejector pin, the five-reverse gear shifting fork shifting groove, the three-four gear shifting fork shifting groove and the two-gear shifting fork shifting groove of the interlocking block are positioned at the same radial section position during neutral gear.
Preferably, the first gear shift fork guide block of the first gear shift fork and the third gear shift fork guide block of the third gear shift fork are arranged in opposite directions.
Preferably, an axial through hole is formed in the side portion of the first-gear shifting fork and the second-gear shifting fork, one end of a five-reverse shifting fork guide block of the five-reverse shifting fork penetrates through the through hole, and a gear shifting groove of the five-reverse shifting fork and a boss of the interlocking block are located on the same radial section.
Preferably, the through holes are in a rectangular structure.
Preferably, a shifting fork bushing is arranged among the three-fourth gear shifting fork, the first-second gear shifting fork, the fifth reverse gear shifting fork and the shifting fork shaft.
Preferably, the first gear shifting fork, the second gear shifting fork guide block, the third and fourth gear shifting fork guide block, the fifth reverse gear shifting fork and the fifth reverse gear shifting fork guide block are all integrally cast and formed.
Preferably, the shifting fork shaft is further provided with a self-locking groove, and the self-locking groove can be matched with a self-locking elastic device on the transmission shell to realize self-locking of the shifting fork shaft.
Preferably, one end of the shifting fork shaft is provided with a gear selecting and shifting guide block, and the gear selecting and shifting guide block is fixedly connected with the shifting fork shaft through a connecting pin.
Preferably, the gear selecting and shifting head is fixedly connected to the shifting fork shaft through a fixing pin, an axial groove is formed in the bottom of the interlocking block, and the elastic ejector pin can axially move along the groove.
The invention also provides an interlocking method of the structure of the single shifting fork shaft assembly of the transmission, when a gear is selected, the shifting fork shaft rotates to drive the gear selecting and shifting head and the interlocking block to synchronously rotate, when the gear is rotated to a target gear, the gear selecting and shifting head is positioned in a shifting fork shifting groove of the target gear, and the interlocking block is positioned in a shifting fork shifting groove of an adjacent gear to finish self-locking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a speed changer, wherein a three-four gear shifting fork, a gear selecting and shifting head, a two-gear shifting fork and a five-reverse gear shifting fork are arranged on a shifting fork shaft, a five-reverse gear shifting fork guide block of the five-reverse gear shifting fork penetrates through a two-gear shifting fork, so that a two-gear shifting fork shifting groove, a three-four gear shifting fork shifting groove and a five-reverse gear shifting fork shifting groove are positioned on the same radial section, when gear selection is carried out, an elastic ejector pin rotates into the shifting fork shifting groove of a selected gear and pushes against a groove of the shifting fork shifting groove, an interlocking block rotates into shifting fork shifting grooves of other gears, and when gear engagement is carried out, the shifting fork shaft drives the corresponding shifting fork to move to carry out gear engagement operation, and the interlocking block positions the other shifting forks so as to realize the function of gear interlocking; the gear shifting mechanism has the advantages that gear shifting and gear interlocking are achieved through one shifting fork shaft, parts of a shifting fork shaft assembly are reduced, assembly efficiency is improved, and manufacturing cost is reduced.
Further, a shifting fork bushing is arranged between the shifting fork and the shifting fork shaft, so that the service lives of the shifting fork and the shifting fork shaft are prolonged.
Further, the shifting fork and the shifting fork guide block are integrally cast and formed, so that the number of parts and assembly procedures are effectively reduced, and the weight and cost are reduced.
Further, an elastic ejector pin is arranged between the gear selecting and shifting head and the gear shifting fork shifting groove, so that the neutral gear clearance problem existing in the traditional transmission during gear shifting is effectively reduced, and the gear shifting quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a single shift rail structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a two-step shift fork of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a two-shift fork of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a three-four shift fork of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a three-four shift fork of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a five reverse shift fork of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a top view of the five reverse shift fork of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fork shaft; 2. a third-fourth shift fork bushing; 3. a third-fourth shift fork; 4. selecting a gear shifting head; 5. a fixing pin; 6. interlocking blocks; 7. a first gear shift fork bushing; 8. a first-gear shifting fork; 9. a fifth gear shift fork bushing; 10. a fifth reverse shift fork; 11. a self-locking groove; 12. a coupling pin; 13. selecting a gear shifting guide block; 14. an elastic ejector pin; 15. a fifth reverse shift fork guide block; 16. a third-fourth shift fork guide block; 17. a first and second shift fork guide block; 18. five reverse shift fork shift slots; 19. a third-fourth shift fork shifting groove; 20. a first gear shifting fork shifting groove; 21. a through hole; 22. a boss.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate but do not limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a single shift rail assembly structure of a transmission includes a shift rail 1, a first shift fork 8, a third shift fork 3 and a fifth reverse shift fork 10.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a first gear and second gear shift fork guide block 17 is arranged on one side of the first gear and second gear shift fork 8, the first gear and second gear shift fork 8 and the first gear and second gear shift fork guide block 17 are integrally cast, a first gear and second gear shift fork shift groove 20 is arranged on the first gear and second gear shift fork guide block 17, and an axially arranged rectangular through hole 21 is also arranged on the first gear and second gear shift fork 8.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a tri-fourth shift fork guide block 16 is provided at one side of the tri-fourth shift fork 3, the tri-fourth shift fork 3 and the tri-fourth shift fork guide block 16 are integrally cast, and a tri-fourth shift fork shift groove 19 is provided on the tri-fourth shift fork guide block 16.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a five reverse shift fork guide block 15 is disposed at one side of the five reverse shift fork 10, the five reverse shift fork 10 and the five reverse shift fork guide block 15 are integrally cast, a five reverse shift fork shift groove 18 is disposed on the five reverse shift fork guide block 15, and a boss 22 is further disposed on the outer side wall of the five reverse shift fork 10.
The shifting fork adopts an aluminum alloy die casting process, the shifting fork guide block adopts cast steel materials, the shifting fork is used for placing the cast steel shifting fork guide block into a die during casting, the shifting fork is die-cast and molded into an integrated structure,
referring to fig. 1, a three-four shift fork 3, a two-shift fork 8 and a five-reverse shift fork 10 are sequentially sleeved on a fork shaft 1 from left to right, a gear selecting and shifting guide block 13 is sleeved at the right end of the fork shaft 1, the gear selecting and shifting guide block 13 is fixedly connected with the fork shaft 1 through a connecting pin 12, the upper end of the gear selecting and shifting guide block 13 is matched with an operating device, the fork shaft 1 is further provided with a self-locking groove 11, and the self-locking groove 11 is positioned at one side of the gear selecting and shifting guide block 13.
A three-four gear shifting fork bushing 2 is arranged between the three-four gear shifting fork 3 and the shifting fork shaft, a two-gear shifting fork bushing 7 is arranged between the two-gear shifting fork 8 and the shifting fork shaft, and a five-gear shifting fork bushing 9 is arranged between the five-reverse gear shifting fork 10 and the shifting fork shaft.
Referring to fig. 2, a third-fourth shift guide 16 on a third-fourth shift fork 3 and a first-second shift guide 17 on a first-second shift fork 8 are disposed in opposition, a fifth reverse shift guide 15 on a fifth reverse shift fork 10 passes through a rectangular through hole 21 on the first-second shift fork 8, and a fifth reverse shift fork shift slot 18, a third-fourth shift fork shift slot 19 and a first-second shift fork shift slot 20 are located in the same radial section.
Referring to fig. 3, a gear selecting and shifting fork 4 is further arranged between the three-fourth gear shifting fork 3 and the two-second gear shifting fork 8, the gear selecting and shifting fork 4 is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft 1 and is fixedly connected with the shifting fork shaft 1 through a fixing pin 5, an interlocking block 6 is sleeved on the gear selecting and shifting fork 4 in an empty mode, an elastic ejector pin 14 is arranged at the bottom of the gear selecting and shifting fork 4 and can be matched with arc grooves in the five-reverse gear shifting fork shifting groove 18, the three-fourth gear shifting fork shifting groove 19 and the two-second gear shifting fork shifting groove 20 respectively, and a boss on the interlocking block 6 is located at the same radial section position with the elastic ejector pin 14 and is matched with the five-reverse gear shifting fork shifting groove 18, the three-fourth gear shifting fork shifting groove 19 and the two-second gear shifting fork shifting groove 20.
The working principle of the single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of the transmission provided by the invention is explained in detail below.
The neutral gear position is controlled to be at a three-four gear balance position by the control assembly structure; during gear selection, the gear selection and shift guide block 13 drives the shifting fork shaft 1 to rotate, and the shifting fork shaft 1 drives the fixedly connected gear selection and shift head 4 and the interlocking block 6 which is sleeved on the gear selection and shift head to rotate together for gear selection.
Taking three gears and four gears as an example, when shifting gears, the gear selecting and shifting guide block 13 drives the shifting fork shaft 1 and the gear selecting and shifting block 4 to move forwards and backwards together to carry out gear shifting, wherein the interlocking block 6 is sleeved on the gear selecting and shifting block in a gear shifting groove of a two-gear shifting fork and a gear shifting groove of a five-reverse shifting fork, and cannot move forwards and backwards, so that the interlocking function is realized. The self-locking groove 11 is matched with a self-locking elastic screw plug arranged on the transmission shell, so that the self-locking of the shifting fork shaft and the gear shifting hand feeling are realized.
When each gear is at the balance position, the elastic ejector pin 14 at the bottom of the gear selecting and shifting block is matched with the arc groove in the gear shifting groove of the corresponding gear shifting fork, and at the moment, a certain pretightening force exists on the spring, so that the position of the gear selecting and shifting block 4 and the position of the corresponding gear shifting fork are ensured to be relatively stable. Thereby reducing the clearance of neutral gear and improving the gear shifting quality.
The invention designs a single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of a speed changer, wherein a shifting fork adopts an aluminum alloy die casting process, a shifting fork guide block is made of cast steel materials, and the shifting fork is used for placing the cast steel shifting fork guide block into the shifting fork guide block to be die-cast and molded into a whole during casting, so that the number of parts and assembly procedures are effectively reduced, and the weight and the cost are reduced.
The self-locking groove is designed on the single shifting fork shaft and matched with an elastic self-locking device, so that the self-locking of the shifting fork shaft can be realized; the interlocking block is empty sleeved on the gear selecting and shifting head, and the reverse gear switch boss is designed on the five reverse gear shifting fork and matched with the reverse gear switch to realize reverse gear prompt. The elastic ejector pin device is arranged between the gear selecting and shifting head and each gear shifting fork shifting groove, so that the neutral gear clearance problem existing in the traditional transmission during gear shifting can be effectively reduced, and the gear shifting quality is improved. The shifting fork structure integrates the functions, so that the structural design of the operating device is effectively reduced, and the high reliability and the high quality of products are ensured.
In summary, compared with the multi-shaft shifting fork structure of the traditional five-gear transmission, the multi-shaft shifting fork structure has the advantages of reducing the number of parts and assembly procedures, reducing weight and cost, realizing higher product integration, improving gear shifting comfort and suction feeling, meeting the optimal design of products, and playing a certain pushing role for the light weight of the transmission and the performance optimization of the whole vehicle.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of the speed changer is characterized by comprising a shifting fork shaft (1), and a first gear shifting fork (8), a third gear shifting fork (3) and a fifth reverse gear shifting fork (10) which are sequentially sleeved on the shifting fork shaft (1);
one side of the first gear shifting fork (8) is provided with a first gear shifting fork guide block (17), and the first gear shifting fork guide block (17) is provided with a first gear shifting fork shifting groove (20); a third-fourth gear shifting fork guide block (16) is arranged on one side of the third-fourth gear shifting fork (3), and a third-fourth gear shifting fork shifting groove (19) is formed in the third-fourth gear shifting fork guide block (16); one side of the five-reverse shift fork (10) is provided with a five-reverse shift fork guide block (15), and the five-reverse shift fork guide block (15) is provided with a five-reverse shift fork shift groove (18);
the shifting fork shaft (1) is fixedly connected with a gear selecting and shifting head (4) and is positioned between the three-fourth gear shifting fork (3) and the two-gear shifting fork (8), an interlocking block (6) is sleeved on the gear selecting and shifting head (4), and an elastic ejector pin (14) is arranged at the bottom of the gear selecting and shifting head (4); when gear is selected, a boss of the interlocking block (6), the elastic ejector pin (14), the five-reverse gear shifting fork shifting groove (18), the three-four gear shifting fork shifting groove (19) and the two-gear shifting fork shifting groove (20) are positioned at the same radial section position in neutral gear;
a first gear shifting fork guide block (17) of the first gear shifting fork (8) and a third gear shifting fork guide block (16) of the third gear shifting fork (3) are arranged in opposite directions;
an axial through hole (21) is formed in the side portion of the first-gear shifting fork (8), one end of a five-reverse shifting fork guide block (15) of the five-reverse shifting fork (10) penetrates through the through hole (21), and a shifting groove (18) of the five-reverse shifting fork and a boss of the interlocking block (6) are located on the same radial section.
2. The transmission single-shift rail assembly structure according to claim 1, wherein the through hole (21) is of rectangular configuration.
3. The single shift fork assembly structure according to claim 1, wherein shift fork bushings are arranged between the three-four shift fork (3), the two-shift fork (8) and the five-reverse shift fork (10) and the shift fork shaft (1).
4. The single shift fork assembly structure according to claim 1, wherein the two-shift fork (8) and the two-shift fork guide block (17), the three-four-shift fork (3) and the three-four-shift fork guide block (16), the five reverse shift fork (10) and the five reverse shift fork guide block (15) are all integrally cast.
5. The single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of the transmission according to claim 1, wherein the shifting fork shaft (1) is further provided with a self-locking groove (11), and the self-locking groove (11) can be matched with a self-locking elastic device on a transmission shell to realize self-locking of the shifting fork shaft.
6. The single-shift-fork-shaft assembly structure of a transmission according to claim 1, wherein one end of the shift fork shaft is provided with a gear selecting and shifting guide block (13), and the gear selecting and shifting guide block (13) is fixedly connected with the shift fork shaft (1) through a connecting pin (12).
7. The single-shift-fork-shaft assembly structure of the transmission according to claim 1, wherein the gear selecting and shifting head (4) is fixedly connected to the shift fork shaft through a fixing pin (5), an axial groove is formed in the bottom of the interlocking block (6), and the elastic ejector pin (14) can axially move along the groove.
8. An interlocking method of a single shift fork shaft assembly structure of a transmission according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that during gear selection, a shift fork shaft (1) rotates to drive a gear selection shifting head (4) and an interlocking block (6) to synchronously rotate, and when the gear selection shifting head rotates to a target gear, the gear selection shifting head (4) is positioned in a shift fork shifting groove of the target gear, and the interlocking block (6) is positioned in a shift fork shifting groove of an adjacent gear to complete interlocking between gears.
CN201910460802.3A 2019-05-30 2019-05-30 Transmission single shifting fork shaft assembly structure and interlocking method Active CN110230697B (en)

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108644379A (en) * 2018-06-28 2018-10-12 苏州东风精冲工程有限公司 A kind of control structure of selector fork

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0791541A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-04-04 Aisin Ee I Kk Manual-transmission operating mechanism
CN201330840Y (en) * 2008-08-08 2009-10-21 中国第一汽车集团公司 Novel gear changing and shifting device of mechanical transmission
CN108302199A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-20 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 A kind of nested type AMT shiftings operating-controlling mechanism and method of operating
CN210566190U (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-05-19 宝鸡法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of transmission

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106246906B (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-08-07 东风商用车有限公司 A kind of overgear gearbox General-purpose manipulators and its application method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0791541A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-04-04 Aisin Ee I Kk Manual-transmission operating mechanism
CN201330840Y (en) * 2008-08-08 2009-10-21 中国第一汽车集团公司 Novel gear changing and shifting device of mechanical transmission
CN108302199A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-20 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 A kind of nested type AMT shiftings operating-controlling mechanism and method of operating
CN210566190U (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-05-19 宝鸡法士特齿轮有限责任公司 Single shifting fork shaft assembly structure of transmission

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