CN110230004B - Aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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Abstract
The invention discloses aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel comprises, by weight, 1.0-5.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 13.0-23.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe. Firstly, putting raw materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, wherein the chemical composition of each component in an alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirement of each component in the composition of alloy elements, and the temperature reaches 1620-1680 ℃; pouring out the obtained alloy liquid for pouring, and obtaining the product of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring. The invention reduces the content of Cr element while introducing Al element into the austenitic heat-resistant steel, which is not only beneficial to improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the heat-resistant steel, but also can reduce the cost of the heat-resistant steel.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to high-temperature oxidation-resistant aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel and a preparation method thereof.
Secondly, background art:
at present, parts such as a pulverized coal burner nozzle of a thermal power plant, a grate cooler grate plate in the cement industry, an alumina roasting central cylinder, a high-temperature radiant tube in an industrial kiln, an ethylene cracking furnace tube in the chemical industry and the like which work under a high-temperature condition for a long time are usually made of chromium-nickel austenitic heat-resistant steel, such as ZG40Cr25Ni20(HK40) heat-resistant steel. The Cr-Ni austenitic heat-resistant steel is mainly formed by generating Cr on the surface of alloy2O3The protective film has an antioxidant effect, but Cr is present in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, especially a high-temperature corrosive atmosphere2O3Easily converted into volatile substance to destroy the protective film and make the alloy oxidation resistantThe reduction is large; in addition, the steel grade is mainly formed by a large amount of Cr-rich carbide M in the alloy23C6Better high-temperature strength and high-temperature wear performance are obtained, but when the alloy is in service for a long time under the high-temperature condition, M is23C6Gradually grows and coarsens, so that the mechanical property of the M rapidly decreases along with the prolonging of the service time, and the M with larger size23C6But also cause the poor Cr element at the interface and reduce the oxidation resistance of the alloy.
In 2007, Yamamoto et Al reported Al2O3Novel austenitic stainless steel (containing carbon) as oxidation resistant layer<0.1 wt.%), and the formation of Cr on the surface2O3Compared with the traditional stainless steel of the membrane, the alloy has higher service temperature and better environmental erosion resistance without reducing the creep resistance (Science, 2007, 316: 433-. However, the service temperature of the steel is low, and is generally below 900 ℃. In recent years, Al is used2O3Steel with an anti-oxidation layer extended to a higher carbon content>0.3 wt.%) of heat resistant steel (Oxidation Metals, 2017, 87: 1-10; journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2012, 19: 62-66) to increase its use temperature. However, these heat-resistant steels generally contain high Cr content>24 wt%). Al and Cr are ferrite forming elements, and when the Cr content is too high, more ferrite can appear in the austenitic heat-resistant steel by adding the Al element, so that the austenitic heat-resistant steel is not beneficial to being used at high temperature; ferrite can be eliminated by increasing the content of nickel element, but the cost of the heat-resistant steel is significantly increased. In addition, the preparation method of the aluminum-containing heat-resistant steel also has an important influence on the cost.
Therefore, the development of the low-cost aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel with excellent oxidation resistance and the preparation method thereof have important significance for prolonging the service life of high-temperature and even corrosive atmosphere working parts and reducing the production cost.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: according to the defects of the prior art of the prior austenitic heat-resistant steel, the invention provides the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel with good high-temperature oxidation resistance and low cost and the preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, which comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by weight: 1.0-5.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 13.0-23.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
According to the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel are as follows: 2.0-4.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 13.0-23.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
According to the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel are as follows: 1.0-5.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 16.0-20.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
According to the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel are as follows: 2.0-4.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 16.0-20.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
In addition, there is provided a method for preparing an aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, comprising the steps of:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and pure nickel are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition of the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of the components except aluminum and niobium in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, and the temperature reaches 1620-1680 ℃;
or firstly, putting raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, wherein the chemical composition in the molten alloy meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, and the temperature reaches 1620-1680 ℃;
b. b, adding pure aluminum into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a bottom-coating punching method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after adding;
c. and c, pouring the alloy liquid obtained in the step b out for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1500-1580 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
According to the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, in the step b, the pure aluminum is blocky and has the specification of 5-20 mm.
The product of the invention is mainly suitable for manufacturing parts which work under the conditions of high temperature and even corrosive atmosphere for a long time, such as a pulverized coal burner nozzle of a thermal power plant, a grate plate of a grate cooler in the cement industry, a center cylinder for roasting alumina, a heat-resistant workpiece of a heat treatment furnace, a high-temperature radiant tube in an industrial kiln, an ethylene cracking furnace tube in the chemical industry, a magnesium smelting reduction reactor and the like.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
1. according to the technical scheme, Al element is introduced into the austenitic heat-resistant steel, and simultaneously, the content of Cr element is reduced, so that the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the heat-resistant steel is improved, and the cost of the heat-resistant steel can be reduced.
2. According to the technical scheme, in the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, the waste carbon steel, the low-carbon ferrochrome, the high-carbon ferrochrome, the ferromanganese, the ferrosilicon, the pure nickel and the pure aluminum which are relatively low in price are used as raw materials, and the aluminum element is added by adopting a ladle bottom punching method, so that the preparation method is simple and convenient to operate and low in production cost.
3. According to the technical scheme, a proper amount of ferrocolumbium can be added according to the requirement of actual working conditions so as to improve the high-temperature creep resistance of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel.
Fourthly, explanation of the attached drawings:
FIG. 1 XRD patterns of heat-resistant steels in example 5 of the present invention and comparative examples;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the oxidation kinetics of heat-resistant steels in example 5 of the present invention and comparative examples.
In fig. 1: the matrix structure of example 5 containing 3.5% Al and the matrix structure of the comparative example containing no Al were all austenite.
In fig. 2: the oxidation weight gain of example 5 is significantly reduced over the comparative example at 1100 deg.c; example 5 Oxidation weight gain after 480h Oxidation of 54.27g/m2Only 5.2% of the comparative example.
The fifth embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which do not limit the scope of the invention.
Comparative example:
an austenitic heat-resistant steel, the composition of the alloy elements is as follows by weight percentage: 0.4% of C, 18.0% of Cr, 20.0% of Ni, 1.0% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 0.7% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
Comparative example the preparation method of the austenitic heat resistant steel was:
and (2) putting waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, adjusting the temperature to 1650 ℃ after the chemical component content of the molten alloy meets the requirement, pouring the molten alloy out for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and pouring to obtain the austenitic heat-resistant steel of the comparative example.
Example 1:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 1.0% of Al, 0.4% of C, 23.0% of Cr, 20.0% of Ni, 1.0% of Si, 1.0% of Mn and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and pure nickel are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 5mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Example 2:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5 percent of Al, 0.4 percent of C, 18.0 percent of Cr, 20.0 percent of Ni, 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 percent of Mn and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and pure nickel are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 10mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Example 3:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 5.0% of Al, 0.4% of C, 13.0% of Cr, 22.0% of Ni, 1.0% of Si, 1.0% of Mn and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and pure nickel are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 20mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Example 4:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of Al, 0.4 percent of C, 18.0 percent of Cr, 20.0 percent of Ni, 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.7 percent of Nb and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 10mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Example 5:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 3.5 percent of Al, 0.4 percent of C, 18.0 percent of Cr, 20.0 percent of Ni, 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.7 percent of Nb and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 10mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Example 6:
in the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment, the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 4.5 percent of Al, 0.4 percent of C, 13.0 percent of Cr, 22.0 percent of Ni, 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 percent of Mn, 1.5 percent of Nb and the balance of Fe.
The detailed steps of the preparation method of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel of the embodiment are as follows:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition in the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the embodiment, and the temperature reaches 1650 ℃;
b. b, adding blocky pure aluminum (about 20mm) into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the embodiment after adding;
c. and c, pouring out the alloy liquid obtained in the step b for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1530 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
Claims (4)
1. An aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, characterized in that the composition of the alloying elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, expressed in weight percentages, is: 1.0-5.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 13.0-23.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe;
the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel is prepared by the following method:
a. firstly, raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and pure nickel are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace to be melted, the chemical composition of the alloy liquid obtained after melting meets the content requirements of the components except aluminum and niobium in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, and the temperature reaches 1620-1680 ℃;
or firstly, putting raw materials of waste carbon steel, low-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, pure nickel and ferroniobium into a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting, wherein the chemical composition in the molten alloy meets the content requirements of other components except aluminum in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel, and the temperature reaches 1620-1680 ℃;
b. b, adding pure aluminum into the alloy liquid obtained by melting in the step a by adopting a bottom-coating punching method for full reaction, and enabling the aluminum content to meet the aluminum content requirement in the alloy element composition of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after adding;
the pure aluminum is blocky and has the specification of 5-20 mm;
c. and c, pouring the alloy liquid obtained in the step b out for pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1500-1580 ℃, and obtaining the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel after pouring.
2. The aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel consist of: 2.0-4.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 13.0-23.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
3. The aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel consist of: 1.0-5.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 16.0-20.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
4. The aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the alloy elements of the aluminum-containing austenitic heat-resistant steel consist of: 2.0-4.0% of Al, 0.3-0.5% of C, 16.0-20.0% of Cr, 18.0-22.0% of Ni, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 0.5-2.0% of Mn, 0-2.0% of Nb and the balance of Fe.
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