CN110229528A - 一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110229528A
CN110229528A CN201910591096.6A CN201910591096A CN110229528A CN 110229528 A CN110229528 A CN 110229528A CN 201910591096 A CN201910591096 A CN 201910591096A CN 110229528 A CN110229528 A CN 110229528A
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曹奎红
赵国辉
冯增华
赵建国
王玉龙
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Eastern Crosslink Power Cable Co Ltd
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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    • C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法，包括以下重量份的原料：低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10份、丁苯橡胶15～20份、顺丁橡胶15～20份、异氰酸酯5～6份、氨酯15～20份、聚醚30～35份、丙烯酸丁酯5～6份和钛酸四丁酯5～6份。本发明中添加了低纳米级碳酸钙，并通过混合反应，嵌段聚合，混合挤压，所得的混合物，机械强度、耐磨性、耐油性和耐屈挠性、耐热性、耐热水性、耐压缩性都达到较大的提高。

Description

一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电线电缆材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于热塑性的绝缘和护套的复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
高分子材料是以高分子化合物为基础的材料的简称。高分子材料是由相对分子质量较高的化合物构成的材料，包括橡胶、塑料和高分子基复合材料。高分子材料按来源分为天然、半合成（改性天然高分子材料）和合成高分子材料。高分子材料按用途又分为普通高分子材料和功能高分子材料。功能高分子材料除具有聚合物的一般力学功能、绝缘性能和热性能外，还具有物质、能量和信息的转换、传递和储存等特殊功能。目前应用的有高分子信息转换材料、高分子透明材料、生物降解高分子材料、高分子形状记忆材料和医用、药用高分子材料等。在高分子材料中加入纳米级的原料，由于纳米级原料的粒径的变化，导致了其电性能、物理和化学性能发生的巨大变化，因此在高分子材料中应用后，会提高高分子材料的机械物理、化学性能和电性能。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种复合纳米高分子材料，包括以下重量份的原料：低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10～12份、丁苯橡胶15～20份、顺丁橡胶15～20份、异氰酸酯5～6份、氨酯15～20份、聚醚30～35份、丙烯酸丁酯5～6份和钛酸四丁酯5～6份。
所述的低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂的低纳米级小于10nm。
一种复合纳米高分子材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量取异氰酸酯5～6份和氨酯15～20份，给反应釜加热到120℃，将称取的异氰酸酯5～6份和氨酯15～20份放入反应釜内混合，边加热边搅拌，加热时间3h，再将反应釜的温度冷却到常温，得到氨酯硬链段；
（2）将步骤（1）所得到的氨酯硬链段与聚醚30份混合放入高速混炼机上，加热到120℃进行高速混炼，时间1h，得到嵌段聚合混合物；
（3）将步骤（2）得到的嵌段聚合混合物冷却后破碎成大小3~4mm的颗粒，再与低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10～12份、丁苯橡胶15～20份、顺丁橡胶15～20份、丙烯酸丁酯5～6份和钛酸四丁酯5～6份混合倒入搅拌机，通过搅拌机搅拌均匀，冷却至常温；
（4）将步骤（3）得到的混合物放入双螺杆挤塑机进行挤压，形成条状混合高分子材料，切成3~4mm颗粒。
本发明的优点是：本发明中添加了低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂，并通过混合反应，嵌段聚合，混合挤压，所得的混合物，机械强度、耐磨性、耐油性和耐屈挠性、耐热性、耐热水性、耐压缩性都达到较大的提高。
由于添加纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂，其微粒比表面积大,位于表面的原子占相当大的比例,表面能高。由于表面原子缺少邻近配位的原子和具有高的表面能,使得表面原子具有很大的化学活性,从而使纳米粒子表现出强烈的表面效应。与丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶和聚醚等大分子发生键合作用,提高分子间的键合力,从而使复合材料的强度、韧性大幅度提高。
另纳米多晶氧化锑粉剂的超细微粒的尺寸与传导电子的德布罗意波长相当或更小时,晶体周期性的边界条件将被破坏,导致其磁性、光吸收、热、化学活性、催化性及熔点等发生变化。对丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶和聚醚等有改性作用,利用纳米碳酸钙的高流动性和小尺寸效应,可使纳米复合高分子材料的延展性提高,摩擦系数减小,材料表面光洁度大大改善。
具体实施方式
一种复合纳米高分子材料，包括以下重量份的原料：低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10份、丁苯橡胶15份、顺丁橡胶15份、异氰酸酯5份、氨酯15份、聚醚30份、丙烯酸丁酯5份和钛酸四丁酯5份。
所述的低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂的低纳米级小于10nm。
一种复合纳米高分子材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量取异氰酸酯5份和氨酯15份，给反应釜加热到120℃，将称取的异氰酸酯5份和氨酯15份放入反应釜内混合，边加热边搅拌，加热时间3h，再将反应釜的温度冷却到常温，得到氨酯硬链段；
（2）将步骤（1）所得到的氨酯硬链段与聚醚30份混合放入高速混炼机上，加热到120℃进行高速混炼，时间1h，得到嵌段聚合混合物；
（3）将步骤（2）得到的嵌段聚合混合物冷却后破碎成大小3mm的颗粒，再与低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10份、丁苯橡胶15份、顺丁橡胶15份、丙烯酸丁酯5份和钛酸四丁酯5份混合倒入搅拌机，通过搅拌机搅拌均匀，冷却至常温；
（4）将步骤（3）得到的混合物放入双螺杆挤塑机进行挤压，形成直径为5mm左右的圆柱状混合高分子材料，切成3mm颗粒。

Claims (3)

1.一种复合纳米高分子材料，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的原料：低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10～12份、丁苯橡胶15～20份、顺丁橡胶15～20份、异氰酸酯5～6份、氨酯15～20份、聚醚30～35份、丙烯酸丁酯5～6份和钛酸四丁酯5～6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合纳米高分子材料，其特征在于：所述的低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂的低纳米级小于10nm。
3.一种复合纳米高分子材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量取异氰酸酯5～6份和氨酯15～20份，给反应釜加热到120℃，将称取的异氰酸酯5～6份和氨酯15～20份放入反应釜内混合，边加热边搅拌，加热时间3h，再将反应釜的温度冷却到常温，得到氨酯硬链段；
（2）将步骤（1）所得到的氨酯硬链段与聚醚30份混合放入高速混炼机上，加热到120℃进行高速混炼，时间1h，得到嵌段聚合混合物；
（3）将步骤（2）得到的嵌段聚合混合物冷却后破碎成大小3~4mm的颗粒，再与低纳米级多晶氧化锑粉剂10～12份、丁苯橡胶15～20份、顺丁橡胶15～20份、丙烯酸丁酯5～6份和钛酸四丁酯5～6份混合倒入搅拌机，通过搅拌机搅拌均匀，冷却至常温；
（4）将步骤（3）得到的混合物放入双螺杆挤塑机进行挤压，形成条状混合高分子材料，切成3~4mm颗粒。
CN201910591096.6A 2019-07-02 2019-07-02 一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法 Pending CN110229528A (zh)

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CN104211874A (zh) * 2014-09-18 2014-12-17 苏州经贸职业技术学院 一种复合纳米高分子材料及其制备方法
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