CN110228744A - The setting method of pressure control mode and the elevator for having maintenance unit - Google Patents
The setting method of pressure control mode and the elevator for having maintenance unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110228744A CN110228744A CN201810183452.6A CN201810183452A CN110228744A CN 110228744 A CN110228744 A CN 110228744A CN 201810183452 A CN201810183452 A CN 201810183452A CN 110228744 A CN110228744 A CN 110228744A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
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- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003304 psychophysiological effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
- B66B11/024—Ventilation systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of setting method of pressure control mode is provided and has the elevator of maintenance unit, pressure control mode corresponding with lifting distance, lifting time can be set.A kind of setting method of pressure control mode, the air pressure change section that the indoor air pressure in compartment changes air pressure change amount A is equivalent to riser with air pressure change rate B by the pressure control pattern formation, and the air pressure fixed interval for not changing air pressure is equivalent to the stairstepping of tyre tread, in the method, it is C in the time for distributing to air pressure fixed interval, it is P by the atm difference that a lifting distance L is determined, lifting time needed for primary lifting is T, in the case that series in stairstepping is N, it finds out the calculated ear of the formula made using including (number 1) and presses uncomfortable index value the smallest N and C, setting is by utilizing A=P/N, B=P/ { T-C (N-1) } calculated A, the pressure control mode that the B and N found out and C is constituted.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to elevators and the like, and particularly to a technique for controlling air pressure in a car.
Background
When passengers descend from the topmost floor to the bottommost floor at once, for example, using high-speed elevators installed in high-rise buildings and the like, there are cases where: the passenger feels discomfort due to the ear pressure discomfort caused by the change of the air pressure in the compartment.
That is, although the car is accelerated, operated at a constant speed (operation at a rated speed), and decelerated from the top floor to the bottom floor, the rate of change in air pressure is large and the time is long during constant speed operation, and therefore the degree of ear pressure discomfort is large and the discomfort is strong.
In addition, since the elevator installed in a so-called super high-rise building or the like which has recently appeared has a very long lifting stroke and the lifting speed of the elevator is increased to improve the transportation efficiency, the uncomfortable feeling due to the ear pressure discomfort tends to be further enhanced, and a measure for reducing the uncomfortable feeling is being sought.
It is known that it is effective to swallow saliva by a passenger at a stage when the degree of ear pressure discomfort is relatively small in order to alleviate the discomfort caused during the ascent and descent (hereinafter, swallowing saliva by a passenger is referred to as "swallowing"), and it is sufficient to change the air pressure in the compartment in a stepwise manner in order to induce swallowing (patent documents 1 to 6).
That is, by providing a section in which the change rate of the air pressure is large in a short time (hereinafter, referred to as an "air pressure change section") and providing a section in which the air pressure is fixed (hereinafter, referred to as an "air pressure fixed section") following the air pressure change section, the passenger can be guided to swallow in the air pressure fixed section while feeling a relatively light ear pressure discomfort in the air pressure change section. Thus, the degree of the ear pressure discomfort is temporarily relieved before the degree of the ear pressure discomfort becomes large, that is, before the discomfort becomes strong.
Patent document 1 discloses a control device (a "supercharging control device" in patent document 1) including: an air pressure adjusting device (in patent document 1, "supercharging device") is controlled to change the air pressure in the compartment in a stepped shape in which one air pressure change section corresponds to a kick surface and one air pressure fixed section following the air pressure change section corresponds to a tread surface. Here, a mode of the air pressure that changes in a stepwise manner in the compartment is referred to as an "air pressure control mode".
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 7-112879
Patent document 2: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2009-137737 (patent No. 5148257)
Patent document 3: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2010-269855 (patent No. 5393253)
Patent document 4: japanese patent laid-open No. 2014-118220 (patent No. 5970362)
Patent document 5: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2015-Asn 202952
Patent document 6: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2016-20274
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In addition, it goes without saying that the lifting stroke (vertical distance of the bottommost floor from the topmost floor) differs for each elevator depending on the height of the building or the like to be set. The elevator car in one operation has a different lifting distance (the longest lifting distance is a lifting stroke) depending on the combination of the departure floor on which the passenger rides and the destination floor specified by the passenger. Further, since the lifting speed varies depending on the type of the elevator, even if the lifting distance is the same, the time required for lifting (lifting time) varies depending on the elevator.
However, conventionally, only one air pressure control mode is presented for one lifting distance and one lifting time, and a specific method for determining the air pressure control mode when the lifting distance and the lifting time are changed is not particularly presented. That is, a specific setting method of the air pressure control mode for a combination of an arbitrary lift distance and an arbitrary lift time has not been presented in the related art.
In view of the above-described problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for setting an air pressure control mode capable of setting an air pressure control mode according to a lifting distance and a lifting time, and an elevator including a control device for controlling an air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in a car room changes in accordance with the air pressure control mode set by the setting method.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above object, a method of setting an air pressure control mode according to the present invention is applied to an elevator controlled so that air pressure in a car chamber during a car lifting operation changes in a step shape, the air pressure control mode being formed in the step shape, wherein the step shape is a step shape in which an air pressure change section is a section in which the air pressure in the car chamber changes by an air pressure change amount a [ hPa ] at an air pressure change rate B [ hPa/s ] and an air pressure fixed section is a section in which the air pressure in the car chamber is not changed, and a time allocated to the air pressure fixed section is cs and an atmospheric pressure difference between two floors determined by a lifting distance L [ m ] from a starting floor to a stopping floor is P [ hPa ], (h), When the lifting time required for lifting and lowering the lifting and lowering distance L is T [ s ] and the number of steps in the step shape is N (N is an integer of 2 or more), N and C that minimize an index value for indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort calculated by an equation including (number 1) are obtained, and the air pressure control mode is set so as to form a step shape of N steps from a determined based on the obtained N by (number 2), B determined based on the obtained N and C by (number 3), and the obtained C.
(number 1)
(number 2): a ═ P/N
(number 3): p/{ T-C (N-1) }
In the above equation, the coefficient αA、αBAnd αCAnd a constant βA、βBAnd βCIs a value that can be determined by experiment.
In addition, the elevator is driven by an acceleration a [ m/s ]2]Rated speed v [ m/s [ ]]An elevator for operating the car based on the acceleration a, the rated speed v and the accelerationThe lifting time T is determined by the lifting distance L (number 4).
(number 4): t ═ v/a) + (L/v)
Then, the atmospheric pressure difference P is obtained by using (number 5) on the basis of the lifting distance L,
[ number 5 ]
Alternatively, a table is prepared in which the lifting distance L and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting distance L are stored for each lifting distance L, and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting distance L is obtained by referring to the table.
In the above (number 5), t0 is the average air temperature [ ° c ] on the elevator car ascending and descending path.
In order to achieve the above object, an elevator according to the present invention includes: a car that ascends and descends from a departure floor to a stop floor; an air pressure adjusting device that adjusts air pressure in a compartment of the car; and a control device that controls the air pressure adjustment device, wherein the control device controls the air pressure adjustment device such that the air pressure in the compartment changes in accordance with the air pressure control mode set according to the setting method of the air pressure control mode according to any one of the first to third aspects.
Further, the apparatus includes: a call button provided at each seating place of a car for calling the car; and a floor number button provided in the car room and receiving a target floor, wherein the control device includes an elevation distance storage unit that stores the elevation distance L specified by a combination of a starting floor and a stopping floor, an air pressure control mode calculation unit that specifies the starting floor by the call button, specifies the stopping floor by the floor number button, and determines the elevation distance L with reference to the elevation distance storage unit based on the combination of the starting floor and the stopping floor, and an air pressure control unit that determines the elevation distance L based on the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the determined elevation distance L and the elevation time T required for the elevation of the determined elevation distance L according to the method of any one of the first to third inventions using the (number 1), the air pressure control unit controls the air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in the compartment changes according to the set air pressure control mode.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the method for setting the air pressure control mode of the present invention, the air pressure change amount a can be calculated based on (number 2) and the air pressure change rate B can be calculated based on (number 3) by substituting the ascent and descent distance L, the ascent and descent time T, and the atmospheric pressure difference P determined by the ascent and descent distance L into (number 1) and obtaining the N and the C that minimize the index value calculated by the equation including (number 1), and thus the air pressure control mode including the a, the B, the C, and the N can be set. That is, according to the method of setting the pneumatic control mode according to the present invention, it is possible to set the pneumatic control mode according to an arbitrary ascending/descending distance and an arbitrary ascending/descending time.
Further, according to the elevator of the present invention, in the elevator having the control device for controlling the air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in the car room changes in accordance with the air pressure control mode, since the air pressure control mode is set by the above-described air pressure control mode setting method, the air pressure in the car room from the starting floor to the stopping floor can be adjusted in accordance with the air pressure control mode corresponding to an arbitrary ascending/descending distance and an arbitrary ascending/descending time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a stepped air pressure control mode, (a) showing an air pressure control mode in a descending operation of a car, and (b) showing an air pressure control mode in an ascending operation.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the results of a psychophysiological evaluation test in which the relationship between the amount of change in air pressure and the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort in the air pressure control mode is examined.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of a psychophysiological evaluation test in which the relationship between the air pressure change rate and the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort in the air pressure control mode is examined.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of a psychophysiological evaluation test in which the relationship between the air pressure fixing time and the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort in the air pressure control mode is examined.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between an index value indicating a degree of ear pressure discomfort obtained by a numerical expression and an actually generated intensity of ear pressure discomfort, (a) is a graph during pressurization control (during descending operation), and (b) is a graph during depressurization control (during ascending operation).
Fig. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between an index value indicating a degree of ear pressure discomfort obtained by using a corrected expression obtained by correcting the above expression and an actually generated intensity of ear pressure discomfort, (a) is a graph during pressurization control (during descending operation), and (b) is a graph during depressurization control (during ascending operation).
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the air pressure control mode obtained by using the above-described corrected numerical expression together with the lifting condition.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an air pressure control pattern formed by the air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, the air pressure fixing time C, and the number of stages N shown in fig. 7, where (a) shows the case of No.1 in fig. 7, and (B) shows the case of No.2 in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator according to the embodiment.
Fig. 10 (a) is a functional block diagram mainly showing a control device for controlling the air pressure adjusting device, and (b) shows a configuration of an elevation condition storage unit in the control device.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing the contents of processing executed by the air pressure control mode calculation unit of the control device.
Description of the reference numerals
10: an elevator; 22: a car; 36: an air pressure adjusting device; 38: and a control device.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
< preconditions and definition of pneumatic pressure control mode >
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the stepped air pressure control mode to be set in the present embodiment, and is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the time passage [ s ] from the starting floor to the stopping floor, and the vertical axis represents the air pressure [ hPa ] in the compartment.
Fig. 1 (a) shows an air pressure control mode during a descending operation of the car, and fig. 1 (b) shows an air pressure control mode during an ascending operation.
As shown in fig. 1, the air pressure control mode has a step shape that rises to the right during the down operation, while the air pressure control mode has a step shape that falls to the right during the up operation, but the step shape is not distinguished, and therefore the same reference numerals are given to the graphs (air pressure control modes) in fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b), and the description will be collectively made.
The step shape of the air pressure control mode is a step shape in which the air pressure change section K1 corresponds to a kick surface and the air pressure fixed section K2 corresponds to a tread surface, wherein the air pressure change section K1 is a section in which the air pressure in the compartment is changed by a predetermined air pressure change amount at a fixed air pressure change rate, and the air pressure fixed section K2 is a section in which the air pressure in the compartment is not changed.
Here, the predetermined air pressure change amount is referred to as a [ hPa ], the fixed air pressure change rate is referred to as B [ hPa/s ], and the time allocated to the air pressure fixed interval K2 (hereinafter, referred to as "air pressure fixed time") is referred to as C [ s ].
In the present embodiment, the air pressure control mode is set to a multistage stepped shape. Each of fig. 1 shows an example of a step shape having a 3-stage structure. That is, the number of times the air pressure change section K1 appears in one air pressure control mode corresponds to the number of steps in the step shape. In addition, "number of stages-1" is the number of times the atmospheric pressure fixed interval K2 appears.
Here, the number of stages in the air pressure control pattern formed in a stepped shape is N (N is an integer of 2 or more).
< method for determining air pressure control mode >
Next, a process of deriving a later-described expression (number 1) for setting the air pressure control mode by the present inventors will be described.
[ relationship between the air pressure variation amount (A), the air pressure variation rate (B), and the air pressure fixing time (C), respectively, and the ear pressure discomfort ]
As described above, the (stepped shape of the) air pressure control pattern formed in the stepped shape is composed of
A: amount of change in air pressure [ hPa ]
B: air pressure Change Rate [ hPa/s ]
C: air pressure fixed time(s)
N: number of stages
These 4 elements determine. Note that, after A, B, C elements are determined, repetition is performed by an amount corresponding to the number of steps. Therefore, the inventors of the present application first examined the relationship between each of the 3 elements A, B, C and the ear pressure discomfort by element.
Specifically, 2 elements out of the 3 elements were fixed, the remaining 1 element to be investigated was changed, and a psychophysiological evaluation test for grasping the relationship between the changed elements and the ear pressure discomfort was performed.
A reduced pressure test apparatus was used in this test. The pressure reduction test equipment is equipment capable of arbitrarily reducing pressure in a test chamber having airtightness.
The following form of experiment was performed: when the air pressure in the test chamber is changed in a stepwise manner, the subject in the test chamber is allowed to evaluate the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort felt at that time. The evaluation timing was the end of each air pressure fixed interval. The subjects had 20 subjects in common.
The intensity of the ear pressure discomfort was evaluated in 10 steps, and the greater the value, the stronger the ear pressure discomfort was felt. The evaluation value at these 10 steps is referred to as "ear pressure discomfort strength E".
When any one of the air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, and the air pressure fixed time C is changed, the remaining 2 fixed values a used are changed0、B0、C0Are respectively set as A0＝4.5[hPa]、B0＝0.5[hPa/s]、C0＝6.0[s]。
The combination of the above fixed values (A) will be described below0＝4.5、B0＝0.5、C06.0) is referred to as "reference condition".
Will be a fixed value A0、B0、C0The reason why the above value is set is as follows.
That is, in the experiment, the fixed values a were set so as to grasp the relationship between the ear pressure discomfort and the 3 elements A, B, C individually0、B0、C0The other element A, B, C is a value that does not affect the grasping of the relationship between the ear pressure discomfort and the other element A, B, C as much as possible.
The inventors have studied the physiologyBefore the psychological assessment test, several of the following tests were performed: the degree of ear pressure discomfort was examined by changing the air pressure in the test chamber in a stepwise manner using the above-described decompression test apparatus. In this case, it is found that the greater the air pressure change amount a is, the more easily the ear pressure discomfort is felt, and the air pressure change amount a exceeds about 4.5[ hPa ]]Since the ear pressure discomfort can be recognized, the value (4.5) at which the ear pressure discomfort is to be felt is set to a fixed value A0。
It is assumed that the smaller the air pressure change rate B, the harder it is to feel the ear pressure discomfort, and the smallest possible value (0.5) that can be set is set as the fixed value B0。
Further, it can be seen in the patent laid-open publication that if 4 s is secured]～6[s]The fixed air pressure time C can be 6.0 s as the upper limit to release the description of the ear pressure discomfort]Is set to a fixed value C0。
Tests were performed assuming descending operation and ascending operation of the car. That is, when the descending operation is assumed, the pressure control mode is increased in the shape of a staircase that ascends rightward (hereinafter, referred to as "pressure increase control"), and when the ascending operation is assumed, the pressure control mode is decreased in the shape of a staircase that descends rightward (hereinafter, referred to as "pressure decrease control").
Further, the value is determined by the above-mentioned fixed value A0、B0、C0The result of the experiment performed by changing the air pressure in the test room in the air pressure control mode (hereinafter, referred to as "reference mode") formed by the combination of (a) and (b) is the ear pressure discomfort intensity E at the time of pressurization control (at the time of assumed descent operation)0dnAnd ear pressure discomfort intensity E during decompression control (during assumed rising operation)0upAre respectively E0dn＝3.2、E0up1.9. Furthermore, E0dnAnd E0upThe average of the above 20 subjects. Next, when the pressure control (during the lowering operation) and the pressure reduction (during the raising operation) are distinguished, the case of the pressure control (during the lowering operation) is additionally providedAngle sign "dn", in the case of the pressure reduction control (in the case of the ascending operation), a corner mark is added"up", in the case where the two cases are unified, the corner marks are omitted.
(i) Relationship between air pressure variation A and ear pressure discomfort intensity E
Fig. 2 shows the results of the test in which the air pressure change rate and the air pressure fixing time are fixed to B-0.5 hPa/s and C-6.0 s, respectively, and only the air pressure change amount a is changed. Fig. 2 is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the air pressure change amount a and the vertical axis represents the ear pressure discomfort strength E.
The ear pressure discomfort intensity E is an average value of the above-mentioned 20 subjects, and is plotted with a black circle "●" as the ear pressure discomfort intensity during pressurization control (during descending operation) and a white circle "○" as the ear pressure discomfort intensity during depressurization control (during ascending operation).
As is clear from fig. 2, the ear pressure discomfort strength E when the pressurization control is performed is relatively stronger than when the depressurization control is performed.
In addition, it can be seen that the greater the air pressure change amount a is, the greater the ear pressure discomfort intensity E is, and both in the pressurization control and in the depressurization control, the greater the air pressure change amount a and the ear pressure discomfort intensity E areAThe relationship between them has linearity. Namely, the air pressure variation A and the ear pressure discomfort intensity EACan be expressed as a linear function (equation a).
EA＝α1A+β1… (formula A)
Here, the coefficient α was obtained from the test results shown in fig. 21And constant β1Intensity of ear pressure discomfort E when pressure is to be controlledAdnRelation with air pressure variation A, and ear pressure discomfort intensity E during pressure reduction controlAupThe relationship with the air pressure change amount a is expressed as a linear function as follows.
EAdn0.0174A +3.1407 … (formula A-1))
EAup0.0204A +1.858 … (formula a-2)
(ii) Relationship between air pressure change rate B and intensity of ear pressure discomfort E
Fig. 3 shows the results of the test in which the air pressure change amount and the air pressure fixing time are fixed to a value of 4.5 hPa and a value of 6.0 s, respectively, and only the air pressure change rate B is changed. Fig. 3 is a graph in which the air pressure change rate B is plotted on the horizontal axis and the ear pressure discomfort intensity E is plotted on the vertical axis.
As is clear from fig. 3, the ear pressure discomfort strength E when the pressurization control is performed is relatively stronger than when the depressurization control is performed.
In addition, it can be seen that the ear pressure discomfort intensity E is increased as the air pressure change rate B is increased both in the pressurization control and in the depressurization control, and the relationship between the air pressure change rate B and the ear pressure discomfort intensity has linearity. Namely, the rate of change B of the air pressure and the intensity E of the discomfort of the ear pressureBThe relationship therebetween can be expressed as a linear function (formula B).
EB＝α2B+β2… (formula B)
Here, the coefficient α was obtained from the test results shown in fig. 32And constant β2Intensity of ear pressure discomfort E when pressure is to be controlledBdnRelationship with air pressure change rate B, and intensity of discomfort of ear pressure E during decompression controlBupThe relationship with the air pressure change rate B is expressed as a linear function as follows.
EBdn0.6932B +3.4108 … (formula B-1)
EBup0.5135B +2.0284 … (formula B-2)
(iii) Relationship between air pressure fixing time C and ear pressure discomfort intensity E
Fig. 4 shows the results of the test in which the air pressure change amount and the air pressure change rate were fixed to a of 4.5 hPa and B of 0.5 hPa/s, respectively, and only the air pressure fixing time C was changed. Fig. 4 is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the air pressure fixing time C and the vertical axis represents the ear pressure discomfort strength E.
As is clear from fig. 4, the ear pressure discomfort strength E when the pressurization control is performed is relatively stronger than when the depressurization control is performed.
In addition, it can be seen that the greater the air pressure fixation time C, the smaller the ear pressure discomfort intensity E, and the relationship between the air pressure fixation time C and the ear pressure discomfort intensity has linearity both in the pressurization control and in the depressurization control. Namely, the air pressure fixing time C and the intensity of ear pressure discomfort ECCan be expressed as a linear function (equation C).
EC＝α3C+β3… (formula C)
Here, the coefficient α was obtained from the test results shown in fig. 43And constant β3Intensity of ear pressure discomfort E when pressure is to be controlledCdnRelation with air pressure fixed time C, intensity of discomfort of ear pressure during decompression control ECupThe relationship with the air pressure fixing time C is expressed as a linear function as follows.
ECdn0.081C +3.7534 … (formula C-1)
ECupnot-0.067C +2.5526 … (formula C-2)
[ calculation formula of index value indicating degree of ear pressure discomfort ]
As described above, since it is found that the ear pressure discomfort strength E has a linear function relationship with each of the air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, and the air pressure fixation time C, a numerical expression capable of calculating an index value indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort is derived from these 3 elements based on this point.
Basically, the ear pressure discomfort strength E will be causedA(formulae A) and EB(formulae B) and ECThe value obtained by multiplying (formula C) is the index value I1. That is to say that the first and second electrodes,
I1＝EA·EB·EC＝(α1·A+β1)·(α2·B+β2)·(α3·C+β3) … (formula D)
That is, it is assumed that I is set as1A, B and C, thereby making the effect of alleviating the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort felt by the passenger as large as possible.
Here, the distance of elevation from the starting floor to the stopping floor is L [ m ]]And the atmospheric pressure difference between the starting layer and the stopping layer is P [ hPa ]]Setting the acceleration of the car as a [ m/s ]2]Setting the rated speed of the cage as v [ m/s ]]And setting the lifting time from the starting layer to the stopping layer as Ts]The air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, and the rise and fall time T are as follows.
A ═ P/N … (number 2)
B ═ P/{ T-C (N-1) } … (number 3)
T ═ v/a) + (L/v) … (number 4)
When (number 2) and (number 3) are substituted into (formula D), the following is made.
I1＝{α1·(P/N)+β1}·[α2·P/{T-C·(N-1)}+β2]·(α3·C+β3) … (formula D-1)
The elevation distance L is determined when the starting floor and the stopping floor are determined, and the atmospheric pressure difference P is determined when the elevation distance L (i.e., the height difference between the starting floor and the stopping floor) is determined. Since the acceleration a and the rated speed v are values determined by the design specifications of the target elevator, the lifting time T can be determined by (number 4) from these and L.
Thus, an index value I for indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort is calculated1Is a numerical expression with N and C as variables. In other words, the index value I is obtained1The minimum values of N and C are,a and B can be decided based on them and (number 2), (number 3), and thus a pneumatic control mode effective for alleviating the discomfort of the ear pressure can be determined.
In addition, in the case of pressurization control (descending operation), the coefficient α in (formula D-1)1、α2、α3Constant β1、β2、β3The corresponding values in (formula A-1), (formula B-1), (formula C-1) were used. In this specification, when a coefficient in a linear function is referred to as a "coefficient" together with a constant, the coefficient is referred to as a "coefficient or the like".
In the case of the pressurization control (down operation), the following group of values (hereinafter, referred to as "first group") is used as the coefficient of (expression D-1) and the like.
α1＝0.0174、α2＝0.6932、α3＝-0.081
β1＝3.1407、β2＝3.4108、β3＝3.7534
In the case of the pressure reduction control (ascending operation), the following group of values (hereinafter, referred to as "second group") corresponding to the (formula a-2), (formula B-2), and (formula C-2) is used as the coefficient of the (formula D-1), and the like.
α1＝0.0204、α2＝0.5135、α3＝-0.067
β1＝1.858、β2＝2.0284、β3＝2.5526
< method for setting pneumatic pressure control mode >
The pneumatic control mode setting method according to the embodiment will be described again.
(a) As described above, the acceleration and the rated speed of the elevator to be operated are a [ m/s ] respectively2]、v[m/s]. The acceleration and the rated speed vary depending on the model of the elevator, the height (lift stroke) of the building in which the elevator is installed, and the like. In this case, it is assumed that the building is installed in a super high-rise building or the likeThe lowering stroke is very long (e.g. L-700 m]) And the lifting speed is also very fast. In general, in such an elevator, a rated speed v at the time of descent is setdnSpecific rising rated speed vupSlow. For example, Vup＝1200[m/s]、Vdn＝600[m/s]。
(b) The lift distance of the car in one operation is set to L [ m ]. The lifting distance L is determined by a starting floor and a stopping floor.
(c) The atmospheric pressure difference P [ hPa ] between the starting layer and the stopping layer determined by the lifting distance L is determined.
The atmospheric pressure difference P can be determined according to any one of the following (c-1) and (c-2).
(c-1)
Determined by the following equation (number 5).
[ number 5 ]
Numeral 5 is a known expression for obtaining the atmospheric pressure difference corresponding to the difference in level (the distance L of elevation). "t 0" is the air temperature (in this example, the average air temperature on the elevator car ascending/descending path). A temperature sensor (not shown) is provided at a place where the average air temperature can be measured to measure the air temperature t0, or a fixed value is used for the air temperature t0 because there is not much difference in the magnitude of the atmospheric pressure difference P calculated within a range of the air temperature assumed to be variable (for example, t0 is 15[ ° c ]).
(c-2)
The present invention is provided with a table (hereinafter, referred to as "atmospheric pressure difference table"), not shown, which stores the lifting distance L and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting distance L for each lifting distance L, and specifies the desired atmospheric pressure difference P by referring to the atmospheric pressure difference table. In addition, in the case of a so-called shuttle elevator which is operated in a straight-through manner between a first floor and a corridor floor in a super high-rise building or the like, since there is only one set of a departure floor (first floor) and a stop floor (corridor floor), it is sufficient to previously determine the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting stroke without requiring an atmospheric pressure difference table.
(d) The rise and fall time T is determined using the (number 4). Alternatively, instead of performing calculation one by one using (number 4), a table (not shown) storing the lifting distance L and the lifting time T corresponding thereto for each lifting distance L may be prepared (hereinafter, referred to as "lifting time table"), and the lifting time T corresponding to the lifting distance L may be obtained by referring to the lifting time table.
(e) The atmospheric pressure difference P and the rise and fall time T determined in (a) to (D) are substituted into (expression D-1). Thus, (equation D-1) is a numerical equation having only the number of stages N and the fixed time C of the air pressure as variables.
Here, the index value I is obtained1The smallest N and C. Such N and C can be obtained as follows, for example.
N is an integer of 2 or more, so that N is fixed to a certain value, and I is sought to be substituted into C when the value is changed1The minimum value of C. This process is carried out by substituting the values of N in turn. Then, the whole is run to find I1The smallest combination of N and C.
Here, the range of N substituted into (formula D-1) is, for example, 2. ltoreq. N.ltoreq.10, and the range of C is, for example, 2. ltoreq. C.ltoreq.14. This range is empirically assumed in consideration of the actual lifting distance L, lifting time T, and the like, but may be appropriately changed.
(f) When the number of stages N and the air pressure fixing time C are obtained, a is determined by (number 2) based on the number of stages N and the like, and B is obtained by (number 3) based on the number of stages N and the air pressure fixing time C and the like.
From the above, the air pressure control mode determined by the air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, the air pressure fixed time C, and the number of stages N can be set.
Further, it is needless to say that in practiceWhen N and C are obtained, they are used as coefficients α in (formula D-1)1、α2、α3Constant β1、β2、β3The above specific numerical values (the first group or the second group) are used.
< correction of formula D and formula D-1 >
As mentioned above, the above coefficient α1、α2、α3Constant β1、β2、β3The specific value used is at the reference condition (A)0＝4.5[hPa]、B0＝0.5[hPa/s]、C0＝6.0[s]) The reference condition is selected according to the above-described guideline, but the coefficient α obtained as a result of the test differs depending on the set value of the reference condition1、α2、α3Constant β1、β2、β3The value of (c) may vary.
Therefore, (equation D) and further (equation D-1) are corrected to eliminate the influence of the set value of the reference condition as much as possible. Here, the ear pressure discomfort strength under the reference condition (reference mode) is set as the reference ear pressure discomfort strength E0(said E0dnOr the E0up)。
The ear pressure discomfort strengths of (formula A), (formula B), and (formula C) were evaluated as ear pressure discomfort strengths E relative to the reference ear pressure discomfort strength0And multiplying them.
Namely, the following (formula D),
I2/E0＝(EA/E0)·(EB/E0)·(EC/E0)
＝{(α1·A+β1)/E0}·{(α2·B+β2)/E0}·{(α3·C+β3)/E0}
Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
I2＝{(α1·A+β1)·(α2·B+β2)·(α3·C+β3)}/(E0·E0)
＝(α4·A+β4)·(α5·B+β5)·(α6·C+β6) … (formula D-2)
Here, α4、α5、α6、β4、β5、β6α respectively1、α2、α3、β1、β2、β3Is divided by (E)0·E0) And then obtaining the product.
The present inventors further calculated the index value I by using the formula D-22And compared with the actual data in the physiological and psychological evaluation test. The actual data is the average value of the scores of the subjects (20 persons in this example) under the respective conditions in the above psychophysiological evaluation tests (i), (ii), and (iii), that is, the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort E.
The value of the index I is shown in FIG. 52The horizontal axis represents a graph with the ear pressure discomfort intensity E (actual data) taken as the vertical axis, and in fig. 5, the case during the pressure increase control (during the downward operation) is also plotted with a black circle "●", and the case during the pressure decrease control (during the upward operation) is also plotted with a white circle "○".
If the index value I calculated by the formula (D-2) is used2In full agreement with the actual data, the points are plotted in fig. 5 with E ═ I2On the straight line of the indicated dash-dot line.
However, as can be seen from fig. 5, the plotted points are entirely deviated from the straight line in both the case of the pressurization control (during the lowering operation) and the case of the depressurization control (during the raising operation). Although deviated, the ear pressure discomfort strength E exhibited linearity regardless of the side.
I.e. the intensity of the ear pressure discomfort E and I2Can be expressed as the following linear function (formula R).
E＝a·I2+ b … (formula R)
Specifically, the ear pressure discomfort intensity E in the case of the pressurization control (during the lowering operation) is set to EdnAnd E represents the ear pressure discomfort intensity E in the case of pressure reduction control (during ascending operation)upWhen E is greaterdnAnd EupEach is shown below.
Edn＝1.1·I2-0.8 … (formula R-1)
Eup＝0.7·I2-0.3 … (formula R-2)
In order to make the index value I as a calculated value2The correction of (formula D-2) is performed using the coefficient and constant of (formula R) close to the actually obtained intensity of the discomfort of the ear pressure. When the corrected index value is set as IrThe corrected equation is as follows.
Ir＝a·I2+b
＝a·(α4·A+β4)·(α5·B+β5)·(α6·C+β6) + b … (formula D-3)
When specific values are filled in the coefficients and constants of (formula D-3), the index value I in the pressurization control (in the lowering operation)rdnAnd an index value I during pressure-reducing control (during rising operation)rupRespectively, the following.
Irdn＝{1.1×10-1·(0.2×10-1A+0.3)·(0.7B+3.0)·(-0.8×10-1C+4.0)}-0.8
… (formula D-4)
Irup＝{0.2·(0.2×10-1A+2.0)·(0.5B+2.0)·(-0.7×10-1C+3.0)}-0.3
… (formula D-5)
Here, the index values I calculated using the (formula D-4) and the (formula D-5) are also expressedrdn、IrupThe results of the correction were confirmed by comparison with actual data in a psychophysiological evaluation test. The method of comparison is the same as the above-described method carried out for (formula D-2).
A graph representing the comparison result is shown in fig. 6. Referring to FIG. 6, the index value I is calculated by the calculation formula (formula D-4) or (formula D-5)rdn、IrupThe value of (2) is substantially equal to the actual data (the ear pressure discomfort level E), and it can be said that (expression D-4) and (expression D-5) are suitable as numerical expressions for calculating an index value indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort.
When the formula (D-3) is generalized by filling the bracket with "a" in the formula (D-3), in other words, when the formula (D-4) or the formula (D-5) is generalized, the following is made.
I3＝(α7·A+β7)·(α8·B+β8)·(α9·C+β9) + b … (formula D-6)
When (number 2) and (number 3) are substituted into (formula D-5), the following applies.
I3＝{α7·(P/N)+β7}·[α8·P/{T-C·(N-1)}+β8]·(α9·C+β9) + b … (formula D-7)
When the air pressure control mode is determined using (expression D-7), the calculation of the control value I is also performed in the same manner as the above-described (a) to (f)3The smallest value of (2) and (3) is used to obtain A, B based on N and C.
In practice, the coefficients and constants of (formula D-7) are replaced with specific values (formula D-4) and (formula D-5). In this case, the value of I is obtained3The minimum values of N and C are such that the value of "b" (-0.8 in the formula (D-4)) and "-0.3" in the formula (D-5)) does not affect (although "b" is still required so that the index value I is expressed3The ear pressure discomfort strength E is as much as possible consistent with the realityAnd (4) sign. ).
Therefore, ultimately, it is determined that the value "a: P/N "," B: p/{ T-C. (N-1) } "and" C "are N and C, which are the minimum values of the product of 3 linear functions of the variables.
Here, if the product of these 3 linear functions is expressed as a general expression, the following expression (number 1) is given.
[ number 1 ]
That is, when the air pressure control mode is set, N and C may be required only to minimize the index value for indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort calculated by the expression including (number 1).
In addition, as can be appreciated from the description hereinbefore, the factor αA、αBAnd αCAnd a constant βA、βBAnd βCIs a value that can be determined in advance from the result of the test (psychophysiological evaluation test) [ coefficients of the first and second groups in equation D-1, etc. ], coefficients in equations D-4 and D-5, etc.
When "N" and "C" are actually obtained, an expression obtained by substituting the coefficients of the first group or the second group, etc. into (expression D-1) may be used, and preferably, (expression D-4), (expression D-5) obtained by performing the above-described correction on (expression D-1) is used.
< exemplary air pressure control mode >
A pneumatic control mode set by using (equation D-4) and (equation D-5) will be described.
The left side of the table shown in fig. 7 shows the lifting conditions, and the right side of the table shows the amount of change a in air pressure, the rate of change B in air pressure, the air pressure fixing time C, and the number of steps N, which are set using (equation D-4) or (equation D-5) under each lifting condition. In the item "traveling direction" in the table, "DN" is the case of the pressurization control (down operation), and "UP" is the case of the depressurization control (UP operation). In addition, in (number 5), the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the ascent and descent distance L is calculated assuming that t0 is 15[ ° c ].
For example, as is clear from comparison between nos. 1 and 3 in fig. 7, the lifting speeds (rated speed, acceleration) that are factors determining the lifting time T are the same, but the air pressure change amount a and the air pressure fixing time C are different depending on the lifting distance L, and thus different air pressure control modes are set.
Further, as can be seen from comparison between nos. 2 and 4, although the lifting speeds (rated speed, acceleration) are the same, the air pressure change amount a and the air pressure change rate B are different as long as the lifting distance L is different, and thus different air pressure control modes are set.
Further, for example, as is clear from comparison between nos. 1 and 5, although the lifting distance L is the same, the air pressure change amount a, the air pressure change rate B, and the air pressure fixed time C are different depending on the lifting speed (rated speed, acceleration) which is a determining factor of the lifting time T, and thus different air pressure control modes are set.
Further, as can be seen from comparison between nos. 2 and 6, since the air pressure change rate B differs depending on the lifting speed (rated speed, acceleration) although the lifting distance L is the same, different air pressure control modes are set.
That is, according to the method of setting the pneumatic control mode according to the present embodiment, the pneumatic control mode according to the lifting condition (lifting distance, lifting time) can be set.
Fig. 8 shows a case where the air pressure control modes in the cases of nos. 1 and 2 of fig. 7 are shown as a graph.
The air pressure control pattern of No.1 is shown by a solid line in fig. 8 (a), and the air pressure control pattern of No.2 is shown by a solid line in fig. 8 (b). In fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the broken line indicates a change in the air pressure in the compartment when the air pressure in the compartment is not controlled.
< Elevator >
Next, an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator 10 according to the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 9, for example, the elevator 10 is a traction elevator including a machine room 14 above an elevator shaft 12, and has the following structure: one end of a main rope 20 suspended on a drive sheave 18 of a traction machine 16 provided in the machine room 14 is connected to a car 22, and the other end is connected to a counterweight 24.
The traction machine 16 includes a not-shown motor, rotational power from the motor is transmitted to the drive sheave 18 via a not-shown power transmission mechanism, and when the drive sheave 18 is driven to rotate, the car 22 and the counterweight 24 coupled to the main rope 20 suspended on the drive sheave 18 are guided by not-shown guide rails provided for each of them, and are lifted and lowered in opposite directions in the lifting path 12.
At the landing points Ha, Hb, and Hc at the respective stop levels of the car 22, landing point doors 28a, 28b, and 28c that open and close in conjunction with the car door 26 provided in the car 22 are provided.
Call button devices 30a, 30b, and 30c (call buttons are not shown) having call buttons for calling the car 22 are provided on wall surfaces near the landing doors 28a, 28b, and 28 c. Since the call button devices 30a, 30b, and 30c have substantially the same configuration, when the devices are distinguished for each installation layer, the symbols of the letters a, b, and c are added, and when the devices do not need to be distinguished, the symbols are omitted, and the description will be given only as the call button device 30.
On the other hand, a floor number button device 32 (each floor number button is not shown) having a floor number button for specifying a target floor is provided in the cabin of the car 22.
The machine room 14 is also provided with a main control panel 34, and the main control panel 34 supplies predetermined electric power to the motor (not shown), the door 26, the floor number button device 32, the call button devices 30a, 30b, and 30c, and the like, and controls them collectively, thereby realizing smooth operation of the elevator 10.
The car 22 is provided with an air pressure adjusting device 36 that adjusts the air pressure in the cabin. As the air pressure adjusting device 36, for example, an air supply/exhaust blower having an air supply function and an air exhaust function is used. A controller 38 (not shown in fig. 9, see fig. 10) for controlling the air pressure adjusting device 36 is provided. A microcomputer is used as the control device 38, for example.
A functional block diagram of the control device 38 is shown in fig. 10.
As shown in fig. 10 (a), the control device 38 includes an elevation condition storage unit 40, an air pressure control mode calculation unit 42, an air pressure control mode storage unit 44, and an air pressure control unit 46.
As shown in fig. 10 (b), the lifting condition storage unit 40 includes a lifting distance storage unit 402 and a lifting speed information storage unit 404.
The elevation distance storage unit 402 stores the elevation distance in one operation determined by the combination of the starting floor and the stopping floor.
The elevator speed information storage 404 stores an acceleration a and a rated speed v, which are one of the specifications of the elevator 10.
The air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 sets an air pressure control mode based on the lifting distance L and the lifting speed (acceleration, rated speed).
The processing executed by the air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 will be described based on the flowchart shown in fig. 11.
When the air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 receives the cabin interior air pressure control instruction from the main control panel 34 (yes in step S1), it starts a series of processing from step 2 onward.
The cabin interior air pressure control instruction includes information on the departure floor specified by the call button device 30 and the stop floor specified by the floor number button device 32. Whether the next operation is an ascending operation or a descending operation is determined based on the information on the starting floor and the stopping floor.
The air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 determines the corresponding lift distance L with reference to the lift distance storage unit 402 based on the departure floor and the stop floor (step S2).
The atmospheric pressure control mode calculation unit 42 obtains the atmospheric pressure difference P by using (number 5) the determined lifting distance L (step S3).
The air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 calculates the lifting time T by using (number 4) the acceleration a and the rated speed v stored in the lifting speed information storage unit 404 based on the lifting distance L (step S4).
In the case of the lowering operation, the atmospheric pressure control mode calculation unit 42 substitutes the atmospheric pressure difference P obtained in step S3 and the lifting time T calculated in step S4 into (equation D-4), and in the case of the raising operation, the atmospheric pressure control mode calculation unit 42 substitutes the atmospheric pressure difference P obtained in step S3 and the lifting time T calculated in step S4 into (equation D-5) to obtain N and C that minimize the value calculated by either of (equation D-4) and (equation D-5) (step S5).
The air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 calculates the air pressure change amount a by using (number 2) the atmospheric pressure difference P obtained in step S3 and the number of steps N obtained in step S5, and calculates the air pressure change rate B by using (number 3) the atmospheric pressure difference P obtained in step S3, the lifting/lowering time T calculated in step S4, and the air pressure fixing time C and the number of steps N obtained in step S5 (step S6).
The air pressure control mode calculation unit 42 configures an air pressure control mode from the air pressure change amount a and the air pressure change rate B calculated in step S6 and the air pressure fixed time C and the number of steps N obtained in step S5, stores the air pressure control mode in the air pressure control mode storage unit 44 (step S7), and ends the series of processing. The air pressure control pattern stored in the air pressure control pattern storage unit 44 is, for example, a pattern as shown in fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b).
The air pressure control unit 46 controls the air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in the cabin of the car 22 changes in accordance with the air pressure control mode stored in the air pressure control mode storage unit 44.
In step S3, the atmospheric pressure difference P is calculated using (number 5), but the present invention is not limited to this, and an atmospheric pressure table (not shown) in which the ascent and descent distance L and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the ascent and descent distance L are stored for each ascent and descent distance L may be stored in advance in the ascent and descent condition storage unit 40, and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the ascent and descent distance L may be obtained by referring to the atmospheric pressure difference table.
In step S4, the lifting time T is determined by (number 4), but the present invention is not limited to this, and a lifting time table (not shown) in which the lifting distance L and the lifting time T corresponding thereto are stored for each lifting distance L may be stored in advance in the lifting condition storage unit 40, and the lifting time T corresponding to the lifting distance L may be obtained by referring to the lifting time table.
The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be configured as follows, for example.
(1) In the flowchart shown in fig. 11, when the ascending/descending distance L is determined in step S2, the processing in and after step S3 is sequentially performed, but the air pressure control mode may not be set, that is, the air pressure in the compartment is not adjusted, when the ascending/descending distance L is shorter than a predetermined distance (for example, 300[ m ]). This is because, when the lifting distance L is short, the ear pressure discomfort of a degree that does not cause a problem does not occur even if the air pressure is not adjusted.
(2) In the above embodiment, the air pressure control mode is set one by one in accordance with the lift distance L determined by the combination of the call button and the floor number button by the processing procedure shown in the flowchart of fig. 11.
However, in the shuttle elevator, the lifting distance L must be one, and thus the air pressure control mode does not need to be set every time. Therefore, in the case of a shuttle elevator, the lifting condition storage unit 40 and the pressure control mode calculation unit 42 may be removed from the control device 38 (fig. 10 (a)). Further, the air pressure control mode may be set for each of the case of the descending operation (pressurization control) and the case of the ascending operation (depressurization control) based on the ascending/descending distance (ascending/descending stroke) L, the acceleration a and the rated speed v determined in accordance with the design specifications of the shuttle elevator by the above-described method, and the two set air pressure control modes (the air pressure control mode for the descending operation and the air pressure control mode for the ascending operation) may be stored in advance in the air pressure control mode storage unit 44 ((a) of fig. 10). Then, the air pressure control unit 46 uses the two air pressure control modes in the case of the up operation and the down operation, respectively.
In an elevator installed in a high-rise building or the like and having 3 or more riding places but a so-called rush zone, the rise and fall of the rush zone may be performed in the same manner as in the shuttle elevator described above. That is, the atmospheric pressure control pattern for the urgent area is stored in advance in the atmospheric pressure control pattern storage unit 44 ((a) of fig. 10).
(3) In the above embodiment, the controller 38 controls the air pressure adjusting device 36 so that the air pressure in the compartment changes in accordance with the set air pressure control mode. For this control, an air pressure sensor (not shown) for detecting the air pressure in the compartment may be further provided, and the air pressure in the compartment may be changed by feedback control. That is, the air pressure in the compartment is detected by the air pressure sensor, and the detected value is fed back to the control device 38. The fed-back detection value is compared with the air pressure control mode, and the control of the air pressure adjusting device 36 of the control device 38 is corrected so that the fed-back detection value matches the air pressure control mode. This makes it possible to more reliably change the air pressure in the compartment in accordance with the air pressure control mode.
Industrial applicability
The air pressure control mode setting method according to the present invention can be suitably used, for example, for setting a staircase shape when the air pressure in the car room is controlled to the staircase shape in order to alleviate the ear pressure discomfort caused by passengers in an elevator installed in a super high-rise building or the like, which has a very long lifting stroke.
Claims (5)
1. A method for setting a pneumatic control mode for an elevator controlled so that the air pressure in a cage chamber during the ascent and descent of a car changes in a step shape, the pneumatic control mode forming the step shape, the method for setting the pneumatic control mode being characterized in that,
the step shape is a step shape in which an air pressure change section corresponds to a tread and an air pressure fixing section corresponds to a tread, wherein the air pressure change section is a section in which the air pressure in the compartment is changed by an air pressure change amount A [ hPa ] at an air pressure change rate B [ hPa/s ], the air pressure fixing section is a section in which the air pressure in the compartment is not changed,
when the time allocated to the fixed air pressure interval is assumed to be Cs, the atmospheric pressure difference between two floors determined by the lifting distance L [ m ] from the starting floor to the stopping floor is assumed to be P [ hPa ], the lifting time required for lifting the lifting distance L is assumed to be Ts, and the number of steps in the step shape is assumed to be N, N and C are obtained so as to minimize an index value for indicating the degree of ear pressure discomfort calculated by an equation including (number 1), where N is an integer of 2 or more,
an air pressure control mode is set to form a step shape of N stages according to A determined by the determined N (number 2), B determined by the determined N and C (number 3) and the determined C,
a ═ P/N (number 2)
B ═ P/{ T-C · (N-1) } (number 3)
In the above equation, the coefficient αA、αBAnd αCAnd a constant βA、βBAnd βCIs a value that can be determined by experiment.
2. The setting method of the pneumatic control mode according to claim 1,
the elevator is driven by an acceleration a [ m/s ]2]Rated speed v [ m/s [ ]]An elevator for operating the car is provided,
determining the lifting time T by means of (number 4) on the basis of the acceleration a, the nominal speed v and the lifting distance L,
t ═ v/a) + (L/v) (number 4).
3. The setting method of the pneumatic control mode according to claim 1 or 2,
the atmospheric pressure difference P is obtained by using (number 5) on the basis of the lifting distance L,
or,
preparing a table storing the lifting distance L and the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting distance L for each lifting distance L, obtaining the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the lifting distance L by referring to the table,
in the above (number 5), t0 is the average air temperature [ ° c ] on the elevator car ascending and descending path.
4. An elevator, characterized by comprising:
a car that ascends and descends from a departure floor to a stop floor;
an air pressure adjusting device that adjusts air pressure in a compartment of the car; and
a control device for controlling the air pressure adjusting device,
wherein the control device controls the air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in the compartment changes in accordance with the air pressure control mode set by the method for setting the air pressure control mode according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The elevator according to claim 4, further comprising:
a call button provided at each seating place of a car for calling the car; and
a floor number button provided in the compartment and receiving a target floor,
the control device has:
a lifting distance storage unit;
an air pressure control mode calculation unit; and
a gas pressure control part for controlling the gas pressure,
the elevation distance storage unit stores the elevation distance L determined by a combination of a starting floor and a stopping floor,
the pneumatic control mode calculation unit specifies a departure floor using the call button, specifies a stop floor using the floor number button, and determines a lifting distance L with reference to the lifting distance storage unit based on a combination of the departure floor and the stop floor,
the atmospheric pressure control mode calculation unit sets the atmospheric pressure control mode according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 using the above (number 1) based on the atmospheric pressure difference P corresponding to the determined ascent and descent distance L and the ascent and descent time T required for the ascent and descent of the determined ascent and descent distance L,
the air pressure control unit controls the air pressure adjusting device so that the air pressure in the compartment changes in accordance with a set air pressure control mode.
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| JP2018054454A JP6696526B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2018-03-22 | Method for setting atmospheric pressure control pattern and elevator equipped with atmospheric pressure adjusting device |
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| CN113602939A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-05 | 嘉兴市特种设备检验检测院 | Detection method suitable for detecting air pressure in running car of high-speed elevator |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2019151484A (en) | 2019-09-12 |
| CN110228744B (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| JP6696526B2 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
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