CN110224482A - Electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system - Google Patents
Electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110224482A CN110224482A CN201910554440.4A CN201910554440A CN110224482A CN 110224482 A CN110224482 A CN 110224482A CN 201910554440 A CN201910554440 A CN 201910554440A CN 110224482 A CN110224482 A CN 110224482A
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- main switch
- ship
- electric
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 101000984533 Homo sapiens Ribosome biogenesis protein BMS1 homolog Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100027057 Ribosome biogenesis protein BMS1 homolog Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- IBPXYDUJQWENPM-PKTZIBPZSA-N n-[2-[[(1r,2s)-2-[(4-methylsulfanylbenzoyl)amino]cyclohexyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]-2-(propan-2-ylcarbamoylamino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)C=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(F)(F)F)NC(=O)NC(C)C)CCCC1 IBPXYDUJQWENPM-PKTZIBPZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WUCYRTXFXRZKSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[5-[6-(4-methoxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-pyrazin-2-ylpyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]urea Chemical compound S1C(NC(=O)NCC)=NC=C1C1=CC(C=2C(=CC(OC)=CC=2C)C)=NC(C=2N=CC=NC=2)=N1 WUCYRTXFXRZKSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVUGBSGLHRJSSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N LimKi 3 Chemical compound S1C(NC(=O)C(C)C)=NC=C1C1=CC(C(F)F)=NN1C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl IVUGBSGLHRJSSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/36—Arrangements using end-cell switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric ship main power source batteries to be grouped independently-powered and charging system; main power source battery is divided into n group; battery component is not 1G~nG, and each group accumulator output end connects respective segmentation busbar after fuse carries out short-circuit protection respectively respectively, each to be segmented busbar mutual backup；A charger is respectively configured in each group storage battery, and n platform main switch 1Q~nQ is arranged, and each busbar that is segmented is connect with the end of incoming cables of a main switch respectively, and the leading-out terminal of main switch 1Q~nQ is connected to DC master row；The present invention is grouped the independently-powered method to replace existing multiple battery groups to carry out parallel operation by DC/DC converter with electric ship main power source battery, solves multiple battery packs the technical issues of forming circulation directly in parallel；With battery grouping, the mode of charge independence solves the problems, such as that prior art charge power is excessive simultaneously, and successively charges the technical issues of causing to fill pond overlong time to multiple battery groups.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric ship main power source batteries to be grouped independently-powered and charging system, belongs to ship main power source
Engineering device technique field.
Background technique
The electric ship that main power source is powered by battery group, referred to as electric ship.Previous electric ship is substantially with main electricity
Source voltage is lower, based on the ships such as small-sized cruise yacht in inland river that capacity is smaller, endurance is of less demanding, accumulator capacity and
The accumulator capacity of current domestic electric car is similar, generally in 200Ah or so, rated output electric flux about 80kWh with
Under, it is not necessary that battery is grouped expansion capacity in parallel, the problems such as charging operations are difficult is also not present.In recent years, electric ship is answered
Expanded with range, electric propulsion power is increased to endurance corresponding, and main power source is developed to from traditional lead-acid accumulator
Using new energy ferric phosphate lithium cell, the accumulator capacity of electric ship main power source has reached 2500Ah or more, rated output electric energy
Amount reaches 1500kWh or more, the trend also further increased.
Storage battery factory usually with hundreds of LiFePO4 cell batteries series and parallels, is combined into battery module (battery
There is the battery module product of different voltages and capacity in factory), it, will be multiple further according to demander to the voltage and capacity requirement of battery group
Battery module series and parallel is combined into battery group (also referred to as cabinet or packet).
Because of numerous reasons of material, technique etc., the parameters such as voltage, internal resistance of LiFePO4 cell batteries it is consistent
Property be difficult to that height is consistent, and after cell batteries are combined into battery module, consistency can further decrease again, then by multiple electricity
For pond module series and parallel at battery group, the consistency between each group is worse.If the list of series and parallel in a battery module
Accumulator body quantity is excessive, and circulation may be formed because of voltage difference, and battery capacity is caused to accelerate decaying, and battery life significantly contracts
It is short.So storage battery factory will be according to ship construction rules (CCS2016 " steel inland navigation craft builds specification " and 2019 annual overhauls
Change notification, similarly hereinafter) about " ferric phosphate lithium cell should be equipped with battery management system (BMS) " regulation and " BMS should be able to be to battery
Equilibrium between charge and discharge, single battery is controlled " requirement, each battery module is managed using BMS, while to every
The battery module quantity of series and parallel is limited in a battery group, and the rated capacity limit of general every group of battery is on the left side 750Ah
The right side, rated output electric flux are limited in 500kWh or so.
When the power of electric ship is larger, endurance is longer, the battery group rated output electricity of main power source is larger.Example
Such as, certain ship electrical load mean power P=176kW, of short duration maximum power Pm=355kW, endurance 7 hours.Referring to application number
Method disclosed in patent document " electric ship mixing main power source capacity calculation methods " for 201811051638.2 is calculated, should
The accumulator capacity of shipowner's power supply should be 2952Ah (taking 3000Ah), battery pack nominal voltage and direct current busbar connector voltage rating phase
Deng for 652.8V, it is about 1958kWh that battery pack, which exports electric flux,.The verified calculated result is reasonable, and when construction is ordered goods, battery is supplied
The advisory opinion based on prior art that goods manufacturer provides is as follows: 1. needing for battery to be divided into the several groups supply of material, each electric power storage
The nominal voltage of pond group can be selected between 652.8V-688V, and capacity is preferably in 750Ah hereinafter, each battery pack output should pass through
DC/DC converter carries out in parallel；2. if battery is not divided into several groups, even if charge rate is that 0.5C is filled because capacity is excessive
Electric installation needs to customize, and connector can not provide.If each battery pack is directly in parallel, because of the inconsistency of battery pack
And cause failure.Existing inconsistency between each accumulator box, it has also become battery group capacity is done to big obstacle, related opinion
Work and attention and research of the storage battery factory to uniformity of storage batteries, are necessary.Currently, both at home and abroad in electric ship main power source
All it is that battery is divided into several casees when required accumulator capacity is larger, is connect again after DC/DC converter adjusts voltage respectively
It is carried out on to direct current main busbar in parallel.But by each accumulator box output end by DC/DC converter carry out it is in parallel exist with
Lower drawback:
1.DC/DC converter price is higher, the high-end DC/DC converter price of brand, controls system in electric ship main power source
Proportion is about 70% or more in the cost of system；
The links such as inversion, frequency conversion, rectification inside 2.DC/DC converter generate harmonic wave, need to increase harmonic wave control at
This；
3. even if still being deposited to some extent the output voltage of each case battery is adjusted using DC/DC converter
Inconsistent problem is exported in each case battery, the circulation between each case battery can not be all reduced to 0 under any operating condition；
There is certain loss in 4.DC/DC converter, influence energy-saving effect at work；
5. the output voltage of each case battery is adjusted using DC/DC converter, failure ring is also increased
It saves, is not easy to repair after component damage；
Temperature is higher in operation for 6.DC/DC converter, and cooling measure need to increase cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric ship main power source batteries to be grouped independently-powered and charging system, with electricity
Dynamic shipowner's battery of electric power grouping is independently-powered to replace existing multiple battery groups to carry out by DC/DC converter and alliance
The method of electricity solves multiple battery packs the technical issues of forming circulation directly in parallel；With battery grouping charge independence simultaneously
Mode solves the problems, such as that prior art charge power is excessive, and successively charges to multiple battery groups and cause to fill pond overlong time
The technical issues of.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system, and main power source battery is divided into n group, and n≤
2, battery component is not 1G~nG, and each group accumulator output end connects after fuse carries out short-circuit protection respective respectively respectively
It is segmented busbar, it is each to be segmented busbar mutual backup；A charger is respectively configured in each group storage battery, and charger is respectively 1U~nU,
Each charger DC side is connected with corresponding battery group, and each charger exchange side is respectively configured charging flexible cable, and the one of cable
Plug is installed, passes through the socket in charge power supply power supply box respectively with corresponding charger exchange side connection, the cable other end in end
Grafting 3AC, 50Hz, 380V shore electric power；N platform main switch 1Q~nQ is set, it is each be segmented busbar respectively with main switch into
Line end connection, the leading-out terminal of main switch 1Q~nQ are connected to DC master row；Equipped with control electric propulsion 1, electric propulsion 2 respectively
Frequency converter 11U, frequency converter 12U, and on ship the power supply of other AC loads frequency converter device 13U, frequency converter 11U, frequency conversion
Device 12U, frequency converter 13U enter line side are connected through fuse 5FU, fuse 6FU, fuse 7FU with DC master row respectively, frequency converter
11U, frequency converter 12U, frequency converter 13U outgoing line side are respectively through breaker 5Q, breaker 6Q, breaker 7Q to electric propulsion 1, electric power
Promote other AC load power supplies on 2, ship；Battery group 1G~nG is respectively provided with battery management system BMS1~BMSn, and every
It is communicated to connect between BMS and respectively affiliated battery group, charger and frequency converter 11U, 12U, 13U；
The control power supply of main switch 1Q~nQ of battery group is from this ship emergency DC24V power supply, fuse FU1, fusing
The end of incoming cables of device FU2 scoops out anxious DC24V power supply positive and negative electrode, the outlet at intermediate relay the 1KA end coil a and fuse FU1 respectively
End is connected, and the end coil b intermediate relay 1KA series connection remote control emergency cut-off button 2JS, emergency cut-off button 1JS is followed by melting on the spot
The break contact of the leading-out terminal of disconnected device FU2, intermediate relay 1KA connects sound-light alarm circuit；
The control circuit of the main switch iQ of battery group includes switch knob i1S, remote control switch knob i2S, on the spot on the spot
The dynamic circuit connector that opening button i3S, remote control opening button i4S, intermediate relay iK, BMSi output break contact BMSi1, BMSi are exported
Contact BMSi3, BMSi4, BMSi5, main switch undervoltage trip coil iYU, main switch closing relay iQ further include BMSm output
Moving together contact BMSm2, i take 1~n, m=i-1, as i-1=0, take m=n；
Described remote control switch knob i2S, BMSi export moving together contact BMSi2, on the spot switch knob i1S, intermediate relay
The moving together contact of iK, the moving together contact of main switch closing relay iQ are simultaneously unified into parallel circuit 1, the end a of parallel circuit 1 and fusing
The leading-out terminal of device FU1 is connected, and the end coil a of the intermediate relay iK is connected with the end b of parallel circuit 1, intermediate relay iK
The end coil b connect and be followed by the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA with the break contact of main switch closing relay iQ, it is described
The main switch end coil a closing relay iQ is connected with the end b of parallel circuit 1, the main switch end coil b closing relay iQ and all
The break contact series connection of the main switch closing relay of other each battery groups is followed by the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA, described
Two ends of another pair moving together contact of intermediate relay 1KA are connected to the main switch end coil b closing relay iQ and intermediate relay
Between the end coil b of 1KA, the i3S of opening button on the spot, remote control opening button i4S, BMSi export break contact BMSi1, master
Undervoltage trip coil iYU series connection is switched, series circuit one end is connected with the end a of parallel circuit 1, the series circuit other end and centre
The end coil b of relay 1KA is connected；The BMSi output moving together contact BMSi3 accesses the low pre-alarm electricity of this battery group electricity
Road, BMSi output moving together contact BMSi4 access this battery group exceptional state alarm circuit, and BMSi exports moving together contact BMSi5
Access this battery group warning circuit out of service.
The purpose of the present invention can also be further realized by following technical measures:
Aforementioned electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system, and the total capacity of battery is divided into multiple groups,
The capacity of each group storage battery can be equal, can also be unequal, and the smallest group storage battery of capacity exports electric flux PGWith full ship
Of short duration maximum load power PmRelationship are as follows: PG≥1.35Pm, the smallest group storage battery average discharge rate ≯ 0.35C of capacity.
Aforementioned electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system, when battery group state-of-charge SOC is low
BMS issues pre-alarm signal when to 30%, carries out pre-alarm；Alarm signal is issued when discharge voltage 90% down to nominal voltage
Number, it alarms；When battery group state-of-charge SOC is down to 20% or discharge voltage down to the 88% of nominal voltage, cutting
The group storage battery main switch stops powering to DC master row, while one group of standby battery main switch of BMS turn on automatically is to direct current
Busbar power supply.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1., can when beyond storage battery factory that battery module combination is the groups of limit of the accumulator capacity of electric ship main power source
Battery is divided into several groups, no matter battery is divided into how many group, and the present invention can be to each group storage battery using grouping switching
Method to direct current main busbar power, after each group storage battery output voltage is adjusted without DC/DC converter again into
Row is in parallel, and because main power source only keeps a group storage battery to be independently connected on direct current main busbar, ring is not present between each group storage battery
Stream；
2. ship construction rules requires that " when its full ship power equipment is not against power supply for safety of ship, 2 should be arranged
Group storage battery makees ship main power source ", battery is divided into 2 groups or more mutual backup by the present invention, and any one group storage battery all can be first
It first powers to direct current main busbar, other each group storage batteries can be used as backup power supply, and any one group storage battery failure is to other
Each group storage battery without influence, meets the technical requirements of ship construction rules；
3. ship construction rules requires: " equipment to battery charging that enough capacity should be arranged on ship ", " charging
Power is the product of nominal battery voltage value and pairs of maximum charging current values ", the present invention respectively configures one to each battery and fills
Electric equipment, each group storage battery can charge independence simultaneously, overcome and cause charging cable and connector because charge power is excessive
Selection and operating difficulties, while overcoming successively charging and causing charging time too long problem.For example, certain electric ship electric power storage pool capacity
Amount is 2800Ah, nominal voltage 652V, if be not grouped, by 0.5C charge rate, charger power reaches 1000kW, charging cable
Section needs 480mm2, charging connector rated current need 1500A, operation difficulty is very big；If being divided into 4 groups, every group
700Ah, 0.5C charge rate, charger power 250kW, the optional 120mm in charging cable section are pressed2, charge the specified electricity of connector
Flow optional 420A, charging unit be not only convenient for selecting it is again easily operated, due to being each charger respectively to each group storage battery independence
Charging controls charge and discharge by each charger and the BMS of each group, right even if the parameters such as each group storage battery remaining capacity, voltage are different
Charging also has no effect.
4. ship construction rules provide: " as propulsion battery, in defined power-on time, acid stereotype type or
The final discharging voltage of alkaline nickel template battery should be at least the 88% " of its nominal voltage, the phosphoric acid that electric ship uses at present
Iron lithium storage battery, single battery nominal voltage are 3.2V, and fully charged ceiling voltage is 3.65V (about the 114% of nominal voltage
Left and right), discharge cut-off voltage is 2.5V (about 78% or so of nominal voltage), and the maximum charging voltage that storage battery factory proposes is not
It can exceed that the 115% of nominal battery voltage；It surveys, presses by the lithium iron phosphate storage battery flash-over characteristic to a variety of brands
The data of 0.35C and 2.5C discharge rate constant-current discharge are shown, from fully charged 89% (about 2.85V) this section for being discharged to nominal voltage
In time, voltage is able to maintain to be varied less near nominal voltage, is discharged to after 88% (about 2.82V) of nominal voltage, electricity
Beginning rapid decrease is pressed off, as shown in Figure 1.It follows that in the actual application of lithium iron phosphate storage battery, it also can only be in electricity
When forcing down the 88% of nominal voltage, it must just stop discharging, it is right if just stopping electric discharge until discharge cut-off voltage 2.5V
The stability and battery life of main power source can all have serious adverse effect.Ship construction rules regulation: " accumulator cell charging and discharging dress
Setting should be applied in combination with battery management system (BMS) ", " BMS should be able to charge and discharge between battery, balanced single battery carry out
Control ", the present invention is researched and analysed according to measured data, is determined and is increased setting: 1. battery group state-of-charge (SOC) in BMS
Pre-alarm when down to 30%, 2. discharge voltage is down to 90% (2.88V) alarm, 3. SOC down to 20% or discharge voltage down to
It cuts off the group storage battery main switch when 88% (2.82V) to stop powering to direct current main busbar, while one group of BMS turn on automatically standby
It is powered with battery main switch to direct current main busbar, meets the technical requirements of ship construction rules；
5. ship construction rules requirement " the mechanical, electrical equipment of remote control and automatic control system should be equipped with on-site control, with
Just can be carried out control in remote control and automatic control system failure ", the present invention is controlling the switching operation of each battery group automatically
Outside system or remote control operation, it can be manually controlled on the spot by machine, meet the technical requirements of ship construction rules；
6. ship construction rules requirement " power supply of engine control system should independently dedicated feed line be powered by 2 tunnels, wherein
The power supply of 1 Lu Yingcong main distribution board, another 1 tunnel can divide electronic box to power by emergency switchboard or important use.2 road power supplys are available to be mounted in
In console or the switch manually or automatically converted near it is converted.When the power source failure of control system, it should issue
The sense of hearing and visual alarm ", control power supply DC24V of the invention is from this ship emergency battery charging and discharging panel DC master row, the busbar power supply
There are 2 tunnels, 1 tunnel comes from this ship emergency battery, and another 1 tunnel is charged generator terminal from this ship emergency battery, and when power loss connects acousto-optic report
It is alert, meet the technical requirements of ship construction rules；
7. ship construction rules requirement " it should be equipped with independent emergency shutdown function more than the battery system of 50kWh, so as to
Battery is isolated.And meet following requirements: (1) emergency shutdown function should be completed in driver's cabin and be simultaneously emitted by vision and audio alarm
Signal.(2) emergency shutdown function should be executed by hardware circuit, and be isolated with control, display and warning function." present invention exist
Driver's cabin executes each battery pack main switch of emergency shutdown by hardware circuit, and battery is isolated to and is connected sound-light alarm, meets ship
Oceangoing ship builds the technical requirements of specification.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is lithium iron phosphate storage battery discharge characteristic curve figure；
Fig. 2 is that electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system embodiment main circuit diagram；
Fig. 3 is that electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system embodiment electric operation control circuit figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
As shown in Fig. 2, electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system, main power source battery is divided into n
Group, n≤2, battery component are not 1G~nG, and each group accumulator output end connects after fuse carries out short-circuit protection respectively respectively
Respective segmentation busbar, it is each to be segmented busbar mutual backup；A charger is respectively configured in each group storage battery, and charger is respectively 1U
~nU, each charger DC side are connected with corresponding battery group, and charging flexible cable, cable is respectively configured in each charger exchange side
One end and corresponding charger exchange side connection, the cable other end installs plug, respectively by charge power supply power supply box
Socket grafting 3AC, 50Hz, 380V shore electric power；N platform main switch 1Q~nQ is set, it is each be segmented busbar respectively with a main switch
End of incoming cables connection, the leading-out terminal of main switch 1Q~nQ is connected to DC master row；Equipped with control electric propulsion 1, electric power respectively
Promote 2 frequency converter 11U, frequency converter 12U, and on ship frequency converter the device 13U, frequency converter 11U of the power supply of other AC loads,
Frequency converter 12U, frequency converter 13U enter line side are connected through fuse 5FU, fuse 6FU, fuse 7FU with DC master row respectively, become
Frequency device 11U, frequency converter 12U, frequency converter 13U outgoing line side respectively through breaker 5Q, breaker 6Q, breaker 7Q to electric propulsion 1,
Other AC load power supplies on electric propulsion 2, ship；Battery group 1G~nG is respectively provided with battery management system BMS1~BMSn,
It is communicated to connect between every BMS and respectively affiliated battery group, charger and frequency converter 11U, 12U, 13U.Battery management
System (battery management system, BMS) means control or management battery system electrically or the electronics of hot property fills
It sets.The BMS that the present invention uses can be controlled using controllers such as PLC according to technical requirements according to current way.
As shown in Figure 3 battery group main switch 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, 4Q ... the control power supply of nQ comes from this ship direct current emergency power supply
DC24V is protected by fuse FU1, FU2, and when controlling power-fail, intermediate relay 1KA release, break contact 1KA is answered
Sound-light alarm circuit is connected in position.
Ship construction rules provides that " BMS should have the energy flow monitoring of display battery charge state (SOC), battery
The function of (being charged and discharged process).The SOC of power battery as Ship Propeling is reaching required for ship normal operating
Minimum amount of power when should issue vision and audible alert signal.The warning device of the alarm signal should be only with other warning devices
It is vertical ".As shown in figure 3, the BMS1 that BMS11, BMS12, BMS13, BMS14, BMS15 are battery group 1G exports switching value,
BMS21, BMS22, BMS23, BMS24, BMS25 be battery group 2G BMS2 export switching value, BMS31, BMS32, BMS33,
The BMS3 that BMS34, BMS35 are battery group 3G exports switching value, and BMS41, BMS42, BMS43, BMS44, BMS45 are battery
The BMS4 of group 4G exports switching value, and the BMSn that BMSn1, BMSn2, BMSn3, BMSn4, BMSn5 are battery group nG exports switch
Amount is independent alarm and control passive switch amount.
Monitoring and automatic alarm: " BMS should be able to be to monomer voltage, battery series loop current, list for ship construction rules regulation
Temperature, environment temperature, the progress of electric insulation resistance monitor on the spot and remotely.Vision should be able to be issued when deviateing normal value and is listened
Feel alarm ", the related parameter that the BMS of each battery group is detected, on the spot with the display screen display of driver's cabin etc.；When
When BMS detects monitored battery group remaining capacity lower than 30%, corresponding BMS output dynamic circuit connector switching value (BMS13,
BMS23, BMS33, BMS43 ... BMSn3) connect battery pre-alarm acousto-optic circuit；When BMS detects monitored battery
The related parameter drift-out normal value of group, when including the discharge voltage that is arranged in BMS down to 90% (2.88V), corresponding BMS output
Dynamic circuit connector switching value (BMS14, BMS24, BMS34, BMS44 ... BMSn4) connect battery exceptional state alarm acousto-optic circuit.
Automatically control: ship construction rules regulation BMS monitor " when monomer voltage is excessively high, monomer temperature is excessively high, battery system
System is answered out of service ".The present invention is arranged when SOC is down to 20% or discharge voltage down to 88% (2.81V) in BMS: 1. phase
The BMS output dynamic circuit breaker switching value answered cuts off monitored battery group main switch undervoltage tripping circuit, when BMS11, BMS21,
BMS31, BMS41 ... when any of BMSn1 dynamic circuit breaker, corresponding 1YU, 2YU, 3YU, 4YU ... nYU undervoltage tripping, accordingly
Battery group main switch separating brake stops powering to direct current main busbar；2. corresponding BMS output dynamic circuit connector switching value (BMS15,
BMS25, BMS35, BMS45 ... BMSn5) connect alarm circuit out of service；3. corresponding BMS output dynamic circuit connector switching value is connected
Backup batteries main switch closing circuit, when BMS12, BMS22, BMS32, BMS42 ... when any of BMSn2 dynamic circuit connector, phase
Standby battery group main switch 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, 4Q, the nQ answered closes a floodgate, the power supply of Xiang Zhiliu main busbar.
Closing by hand: switch knob 12S, 22S, 32S, 42S, n2S and phase that remote controlled accumulator group main switch is connected in Fig. 3
Switch knob on the spot 11S, 21S, 31S, 41S, the n1S answered is in parallel, presses any switch knob, corresponding battery group master
Switch connection is powered to direct current main busbar.
Manual brake separating: remote control opening button 14S, 24S, 34S, 44S, n4S that remote controlled accumulator group main switch disconnects in Fig. 3
Opening button 13S, 23S, 33S, 43S, n3S connects on the spot accordingly, presses any opening button, corresponding battery
Group main switch undervoltage tripping stops powering to direct current main busbar.
Battery group main switch switching control principle is (by taking in Fig. 3 first group as an example):
Switch knob 11S or 12S or BMSn2 turn on automatically is pressed, intermediate relay 1K is attracted and self-insurance, the dynamic circuit connector of 1K
Break contact in 1Q and 2Q, 3Q, 4Q, nQ interlocking loop is all shorted by contact, and main switch 1Q closes a floodgate and self-insurance, connects battery
Group 1G powers to direct current main busbar, and the break contact of 1Q cuts off 1K coil power, and 1K resets its moving together contact and disconnects, 2Q, 3Q,
4Q, nQ restore to interlock with 1Q.
When finding that BMS1 alarm 1G cannot continue power supply, switch knob 21S or 22S are pressed.If non-closing by hand,
When battery group 1G voltage is down to the 88% of nominal voltage, BMS12 turn on automatically, intermediate relay 2K is attracted and self-insurance, 2K
Moving together contact the break contact in 2Q and 1Q, 3Q, 4Q, nQ interlocking loop is all shorted, main switch 2Q closes a floodgate and self-insurance, connects
Logical battery pack 2G powers to direct current main busbar, and the break contact of 2Q cuts off 2K coil power, and 2K resets the disconnection of its moving together contact,
1Q, 3Q, 4Q, nQ restore to interlock with 2Q.
When discovery BMS2 alarm presses switch knob 31S or 32S when 2G cannot continue power supply.If do not closed manually
Lock, when 2G voltage is down to the 88% of nominal voltage, BMS22 turn on automatically, intermediate relay 3K is attracted and self-insurance, the dynamic circuit connector of 3K
Break contact in 3Q and 1Q, 2Q, 4Q, nQ interlocking loop is all shorted by contact, and main switch 3Q closes a floodgate and self-insurance, connects battery
Group 3G powers to direct current main busbar, and the break contact of 3Q cuts off 3K coil power, and 3K resets its moving together contact and disconnects, 1Q, 2Q,
4Q, nQ restore to interlock with 3Q.
When discovery BMS3 alarm presses switch knob 41S or 42S when 3G cannot continue power supply.If do not closed manually
Lock, when 3G voltage is down to the 88% of nominal voltage, BMS32 turn on automatically, intermediate relay 4K is attracted and self-insurance, the dynamic circuit connector of 4K
Break contact in 4Q and 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, nQ interlocking loop is all shorted by contact, and main switch 4Q closes a floodgate and self-insurance, connects battery
Group 4G powers to direct current main busbar, and the break contact of 4Q cuts off 4K coil power, and 4K resets its moving together contact and disconnects, 1Q, 2Q,
3Q, nQ restore to interlock with 4Q.
When discovery BMS4 alarm presses switch knob n1S or n2S when 4G cannot continue power supply, if do not closed manually
Lock, when 4G voltage is down to the 88% of nominal voltage, BMS42 turn on automatically, intermediate relay nK is attracted and self-insurance, the dynamic circuit connector of nK
Break contact in nQ and 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, 4Q interlocking loop is all shorted by contact, and main switch nQ closes a floodgate and self-insurance, connects battery
Group nG powers to direct current main busbar, and the break contact of nQ cuts off nK coil power, and nK resets its moving together contact and disconnects, 1Q, 2Q,
3Q, 4Q restore to interlock with nQ.
Press respectively on the spot stop button 13S, 23S, 33S, 43S ... n3S or remote control stop button 14S, 24S, 34S,
44S ... n4S or BMS detect a certain battery group answer it is out of service, corresponding BMS dynamic circuit breaker switching value BMS11, BMS21,
BMS31, BMS41 ... BMSn1 cut off corresponding main switch undervoltage trip coil 1TU, 2YU, 3YU, 4YU ... nYU power supply, accordingly
Main switch 1Q, 2Q, 3Q, 4Q ... nQ separating brake, corresponding battery pack 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G ... nG is out of service.
If pressing emergency cut-off button 1JS on the spot or remote control emergency cut-off button 2JS, each battery group main switch quilt
Emergency cut-off.
The technical requirements and calculation of capacity of electric ship main power source battery grouping of the present invention are as follows:
Each group nominal battery voltage should be identical as direct current main busbar voltage rating, such as is all DC652V in Fig. 2.Electricity
It, can be according to the electricity for each battery output that storage battery factory is capable of providing after the total capacity of battery needed for dynamic shipowner's power supply determines
The factors such as the feasibility of maximum current, the installation of battery group that energy, charging plug connector allow, by the total capacity of required battery
It is divided into several groups, the capacity of each group storage battery can be unequal, but the smallest one group of battery of capacity exports electric flux PGIt is short with full ship
Temporary maximum load power PmRelationship are as follows: PG≥1.35Pm, otherwise should install supercapacitor, it is ensured that the stability of main power source；This
Outside, the smallest one group of battery average discharge rate of capacity preferably ≯ 0.35C, to extend battery.
The present invention has the following technical effect that
(1) the related request that CCS ship construction rules uses battery to main power source is able to satisfy.
(2) easy switching.It is very convenient to the method that electric ship main power source battery group carries out switching, when discovery is supplying
Electricity battery group remaining capacity or output voltage as low as setting value when, just immediately manually or automatically put into standby battery group
Power supply, it is impossible to which the battery group continued to run exits.
(3) switching is quick.CCS ship construction rules regulation: " in the case where primary source failure, Emergency generator should be able to
Automatically it starts, automatically engage power grid power supply.The overall process for starting and automatically engaging automatically power grid power supply of Emergency generator is answered
No more than 30s ", when " it is required that when Ship Power Station has emergency service performance ", " emergency starting and investment electricity of standby generator sets
The overall process for netting power supply should be no more than 15s ", and the present invention is less than the time of backup batteries investment power grid power supply in main power source
1s。
(4) safe and reliable.Main power source battery is divided into several groups, is not necessarily intended to switching in order, and any group can be first
It closes a floodgate and powers to direct current main busbar, in addition each group storage battery is spare, and each group battery is independent to power to direct current main busbar,
When any group of battery failure, it all will not influence standby battery group and put into operation；The control circuit of switching battery group only needs
A small amount of hardware electric appliance is wanted, the switching of battery pack can be manually completed, while can realize the automatic switching of battery pack by BMS.
(5) pollution-free source.Harmonic wave can be generated without any device and control mode in the control circuit of switching battery pack.
(6) maintenance is easy.The control circuit of switching battery group will not generally break down, just in case break down, it is easy to
It repairs.
(7) cost is extremely low.Because not needing the consistency for adjusting each group voltage with DC/DC converter, cost is greatly reduced,
Automatic alarm and automatic control are realized that cost about uses DC/DC to convert all without increasing device using BMS
1 the percent of device.
(8) widely used.To meet electric power needed for electric ship and continuation of the journey force request, main power source battery capacity can match on demand
It sets, if being separated into dry cell batteries, the present invention is not limited by battery group quantity, is conducive to do the capacity of electric ship battery
Greatly.
(9) convenient for charging.If accumulator capacity is larger, the section of charging cable is accordingly larger, it is difficult to operate, bank electricity electricity
Source connector is normal component, and rated current is unable to satisfy the excessive requirement of accumulator capacity, and the present invention is not by battery group
The limitation of quantity, therefore battery can be divided into several groups by the rated current of connector, the same time is independent to each group storage battery
Charging, it is shorter than the successively charging time, it is more advantageous to the BMS and charging unit cooperation control charge and discharge process of each battery group.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, be all fallen within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of electric ship main power source battery is grouped independently-powered and charging system, which is characterized in that main power source battery point
For n group, n≤2, battery component is not 1G~nG, and each group accumulator output end divides after fuse carries out short-circuit protection respectively
Respective segmentation busbar is not connect, it is each to be segmented busbar mutual backup；A charger, charger difference is respectively configured in each group storage battery
For 1U~nU, each charger DC side is connected with corresponding battery group, and charging flexible cable is respectively configured in each charger exchange side,
Plug is installed, passes through charge power supply power supply box respectively with corresponding charger exchange side connection, the cable other end in one end of cable
Interior socket grafting 3AC, 50Hz, 380V shore electric power；N platform main switch 1Q~nQ is set, it is each be segmented busbar respectively with a master
The end of incoming cables of switch connects, and the leading-out terminal of main switch 1Q~nQ is connected to DC master row；Equipped with respectively control electric propulsion 1,
Frequency converter 11U, the frequency converter 12U of electric propulsion 2, and the frequency converter device 13U that other AC loads are powered on ship, frequency converter
11U, frequency converter 12U, frequency converter 13U enter line side are respectively through fuse 5FU, fuse 6FU, fuse 7FU and DC master row phase
Even, frequency converter 11U, frequency converter 12U, frequency converter 13U outgoing line side are respectively through breaker 5Q, breaker 6Q, breaker 7Q to electric power
Promote 1, electric propulsion 2, other AC loads power supplies on ship；Battery group 1G~nG be respectively provided with battery management system BMS1~
It is communicated to connect between BMSn, every BMS and respectively affiliated battery group, charger and frequency converter 11U, 12U, 13U；
The control power supply of main switch 1Q~nQ of battery group is from this ship emergency DC24V power supply, fuse FU1, fuse FU2
End of incoming cables scoop out anxious DC24V power supply positive and negative electrode, the leading-out terminal phase at the end coil a intermediate relay 1KA and fuse FU1 respectively
Even, the end coil b intermediate relay 1KA series connection remote control emergency cut-off button 2JS, on the spot emergency cut-off button 1JS back-connected fuse
The break contact of the leading-out terminal of FU2, intermediate relay 1KA connects sound-light alarm circuit；
The control circuit of the main switch iQ of battery group includes switch knob i1S on the spot, remote control switch knob i2S, on the spot separating brake
The moving together contact that button i3S, remote control opening button i4S, intermediate relay iK, BMSi output break contact BMSi1, BMSi are exported
BMSi3, BMSi4, BMSi5, main switch undervoltage trip coil iYU, main switch closing relay iQ, the moving together contact that BMSm is exported
BMSm2, i take 1~n, m=i-1, as i-1=0, take m=n；Described remote control switch knob i2S, BMSi export moving together contact
BMSi2, on the spot switch knob i1S, the moving together contact of intermediate relay iK, the moving together contact of main switch closing relay iQ are in parallel
At parallel circuit 1, the end a of parallel circuit 1 is connected with the leading-out terminal of fuse FU1, the end coil a of the intermediate relay iK with
The end b of parallel circuit 1 is connected, after the end coil b of intermediate relay iK is connected with the break contact of main switch closing relay iQ
It is connected to the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA, the end coil a the main switch closing relay iQ is connected with the end b of parallel circuit 1,
It connects with the break contact of the main switch closing relay of all other each battery group at the main switch end coil b closing relay iQ
It is followed by the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA, two ends of another pair moving together contact of the intermediate relay 1KA are connected to main switch
Between the end coil b closing relay iQ and the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA, the i3S of opening button on the spot, remote control separating brake
Button i4S, BMSi export break contact BMSi1, main switch undervoltage trip coil iYU series connection, series circuit one end with it is in parallel electric
The end a on road 1 is connected, and the series circuit other end is connected with the end coil b of intermediate relay 1KA；The BMSi exports moving together contact
BMSi3 accesses the low prealarm circuit of this battery group electricity, and BMSi output moving together contact BMSi4 accesses this battery group exception shape
State warning circuit, BMSi output moving together contact BMSi5 access this battery group warning circuit out of service.
2. electric ship main power source battery as described in claim 1 is grouped independently-powered and charging system, which is characterized in that institute
The total capacity for stating battery is divided into multiple groups, and the capacity of each group storage battery can be equal, can also be unequal, and capacity is one group the smallest
Battery exports electric flux PGWith the of short duration maximum load power P of full shipmRelationship are as follows: PG≥1.35Pm, the smallest one group of storage of capacity
Battery average discharge rate ≯ 0.35C.
3. electric ship main power source battery as described in claim 1 is grouped independently-powered and charging system, which is characterized in that when
BMS issues pre-alarm signal when battery group state-of-charge SOC is down to 30%, carries out pre-alarm；When discharge voltage is down to nominal
Voltage 90% when issue alarm signal, alarm；When battery group state-of-charge SOC is low down to 20% or discharge voltage
To nominal voltage 88% when, cut off the group storage battery main switch and stop powering to DC master row, while one group of BMS turn on automatically
Standby battery main switch is powered to DC master row.
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| CN111585325A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Design method of ship charge and discharge board based on lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN111816938A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-23 | 安徽恒明工程技术有限公司 | Gradient utilization method for retired battery |
| CN112260109A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-22 | 西安中车永电电气有限公司 | High-protection double-electric shore power box |
| CN112448451A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-05 | 山东圣阳电源股份有限公司 | Weak power supply method and device for battery pack management system and battery pack management system |
| CN113507159A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-10-15 | 南通明诺电动科技股份有限公司 | Charging control system and method based on electric automobile |
| CN116388281A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Distributed power grid structure of comprehensive power system of pure battery power ship and control method |
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| CN209896764U (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏中智海洋工程装备有限公司 | Electric ship main power supply storage battery grouping independent power supply and charging system |
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| CN111585325A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Design method of ship charge and discharge board based on lithium iron phosphate battery |
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| CN113507159A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-10-15 | 南通明诺电动科技股份有限公司 | Charging control system and method based on electric automobile |
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| CN116388281A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Distributed power grid structure of comprehensive power system of pure battery power ship and control method |
| CN116388281B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-10-27 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Distributed power grid structure of comprehensive power system of pure battery power ship and control method |
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