CN110223562B - Simulation training device for subway system fire prevention - Google Patents
Simulation training device for subway system fire prevention Download PDFInfo
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- CN110223562B CN110223562B CN201910624958.0A CN201910624958A CN110223562B CN 110223562 B CN110223562 B CN 110223562B CN 201910624958 A CN201910624958 A CN 201910624958A CN 110223562 B CN110223562 B CN 110223562B
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a simulated training device for preventing fire of a subway system, which comprises a station hall and a platform which are arranged up and down in sequence, and also comprises a fresh air shaft and an exhaust shaft, wherein the fresh air shaft is communicated with the station hall and the platform through an air supply pipeline, a static pressure box is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline comprises an air supply main pipeline, an air supply pipeline first pipeline and an air supply pipeline second pipeline, and a fresh air fan and a fresh air valve are arranged on the air supply main pipeline; the exhaust shaft is communicated with the station hall and the platform through an exhaust pipeline, the exhaust pipeline comprises an exhaust main pipeline, an exhaust pipeline first branch pipeline and an exhaust pipeline second branch pipeline, and an exhaust fan and an exhaust valve are arranged on the exhaust main pipeline. The first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve, and the second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve. When a fire disaster occurs, the first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve and the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve are internally fused to automatically close the air supply pipeline, so that fresh air input is cut off, and the expansion of the fire disaster is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of subway fire prevention training equipment, in particular to a simulation training device for subway system fire prevention.
Background
At present, simulation training devices are popular in many fields, and particularly, the simulation training devices can provide students with real simulation opportunities for some systems which are complex and large in size compared with pipelines, are convenient to understand the far principle of the whole system, and have certain guiding significance for improvement of an actual system.
Technical training for subway systems, such as ventilation, ventilation and fire protection for stations and halls in personnel-intensive locations, is generally performed by using book theoretical knowledge training or on-site training. However, the theoretical knowledge of the book is boring and complex, not easy to understand and not intuitive, and the existing subway fire prevention system is various pipelines and devices in the field training and learning process, so that the length of the pipelines is long, the pipelines are complex, the system is huge, part of the pipelines are positioned on the wall top or underground, only some display screens, control buttons and the like can be operated and learned, and the structure and principle of the whole subway fire prevention cannot be intuitively and detailed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simulation training device for preventing the fire disaster of a subway system, which can intuitively know the prevention of the fire disaster of the subway and can truly and practically operate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the simulation training device for preventing the fire disaster of the subway system adopts the following technical scheme: the simulated training device for preventing the subway system fire comprises a station hall and a platform which are sequentially arranged up and down, and further comprises a fresh air shaft and an exhaust shaft, wherein the fresh air shaft is communicated with the station hall and the platform through an air supply pipeline, a static pressure box is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline comprises an air supply main pipeline which is communicated with the fresh air shaft and the static pressure box, the air supply pipeline further comprises an air supply pipeline first branch pipeline which is communicated with the static pressure box and the station hall and an air supply pipeline second branch pipeline which is communicated with the static pressure box and the platform, and a fresh air fan and a fresh air valve are arranged on the air supply main pipeline; the station hall is communicated with the main exhaust pipeline through a second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline, and the main exhaust pipeline is provided with an exhaust fan and an exhaust valve; the first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve, and the second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve.
The first branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline is provided with a first electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve, and the second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline is provided with a second electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve.
This subway system conflagration prevention's simulation training set still includes the air conditioning unit who communicates between fresh air well and static pressure case, air conditioning unit's evaporimeter communicates on the air supply trunk line, the air supply trunk line is including the first linkage segment of intercommunication fresh air well and air mixing chamber, the air supply trunk line is still including the second linkage segment of intercommunication fresh air machine and air mixing chamber, be provided with the third valve on the second linkage segment, fresh air machine and fresh air valve all set up on first linkage segment, iron conflagration prevention simulation training set still includes the return air pipeline of intercommunication exhaust air well, return air pipeline all communicates with exhaust air pipeline first branch pipeline and exhaust air pipeline second branch pipeline, be provided with the return air fan on the return air pipeline.
An air mixing chamber is arranged between the fresh air well and the evaporator of the air conditioning unit on the main air supply pipeline, an intermediate pipeline is arranged between the return air pipeline and the air mixing chamber for communication, and a fifth valve is arranged on the intermediate pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when fire occurs in a station hall and a station platform, the first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve and the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve are internally provided with temperature sensing probes, and when the temperature of the temperature reaches 70 ℃ set as the Endegree, the first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve and the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve are internally fused to automatically close the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline, so that the input of fresh air is cut off, and the expansion of the fire is avoided. The device can provide a set of training device for truly simulating subway fire prevention for students and training staff, can be actually operated, and has certain guiding significance for actual subway fire prevention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a simulated training device for fire prevention in a subway system according to the present invention;
Wherein, 1a new wind well; 2, an exhaust shaft; 3, standing a hall; 4 stations; 5, main air supply pipeline; 6, a first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline; 7, a second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline; 8, a main exhaust pipeline; 9 a first branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline; 10 a second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline; 11 static pressure boxes; 12 air conditioning units; 13, an air mixing chamber; 14, a fresh air fan; 15, an exhaust fan; 16 return air fans; 17 a communication pipeline; 18 a first valve; a second valve 19; a third valve 20; 21 a fourth valve; 22 a fifth valve; 23 a sixth valve; 24 seventh valve; 25 fresh air valve; 26 exhaust valve; 27 return air ducts; 28 a first connection section; 29 a second connection section; 31 an intermediate pipe; 32 a first automatic smoke and fire damper; 33 a second automatic smoke and fire protection valve; 34a first electrically powered smoke evacuation fire damper; and 35 a second electric smoke exhaust fire prevention valve.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the simulated training device for preventing the subway system fire disaster comprises a station hall 3 and a station platform 4 which are sequentially arranged up and down, wherein the station hall and the station platform adopt sealed boxes, a fresh air well 1 and an exhaust well 2 are also arranged, and the fresh air well 1 and the exhaust well 2 adopt metal pipelines. The fresh air shaft 1 is communicated with a station hall and a platform through an air supply pipeline, a static pressure box 11 is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline comprises an air supply main pipeline 5 communicated with the fresh air shaft and the static pressure box, and a fresh air fan 14 and a fresh air valve 25 are arranged on the air supply main pipeline 5. The air supply pipeline also comprises a first air supply pipeline 6 which is communicated with the static pressure box 11 and the station hall 3 and a second air supply pipeline 7 which is communicated with the static pressure box and the station platform. The exhaust shaft 2 is communicated with the station hall and the platform through exhaust pipes, the exhaust pipes comprise an exhaust main pipe 8 communicated with the exhaust shaft 2, the station hall 3 is communicated with the exhaust main pipe 8 through an exhaust pipe first branch pipe 9, the platform 4 is communicated with the exhaust main pipe 8 through an exhaust pipe second branch pipe 10, and an exhaust fan 15 and an exhaust valve 26 are arranged on the exhaust main pipe 8. And each sealed box body is provided with an air supply diffuser for fresh air to enter and an air exhaust diffuser for exhausting turbid air, and the air supply diffuser and the air exhaust diffuser are really air inlets and air outlets in the subway station hall and the subway station.
A communication pipeline 17 is arranged between the air supply pipeline first branch pipeline 6 and the exhaust pipeline first branch pipeline 9, and a first valve 18 is arranged on the communication pipeline 17, so that the air quantity conveyed to a station hall can be adjusted. Because personnel on the platform are relatively dense to the personnel in the station hall, be provided with second valve 19 on the first pipeline 6 of air supply pipeline, the setting of second valve 19 can realize alone to the platform air supply. The fresh air valve 25, the first valve 18 and the second valve 19 are all electric regulating valves, and can be electrically controlled to realize the opening, closing and opening regulation. The fresh air shaft 1 and the exhaust shaft 2 adopt metal pipes with one end open, the air supply pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are transparent pipelines made of transparent materials, one end open of each metal pipe is convenient for providing fresh air (for example, red identification) after color identification to the fresh air shaft, the air supply pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are transparent pipes, and the flow direction of gas is convenient for demonstrating to students and the flow direction in the whole ventilation and exhaust system, and is more visual.
In order to truly simulate the operation of an air conditioner in a subway, the simulated training device for preventing the fire disaster of the subway system further comprises an air conditioning unit 12 communicated between a fresh air well and a static pressure box, and an evaporator of the air conditioning unit 12 is communicated with the main air supply pipeline 5. An air mixing chamber 13 is arranged between the fresh air well and the air conditioning unit on the main air supply pipeline 5. The main air supply pipeline comprises a first connecting section 28 which is communicated with the fresh air shaft and the air mixing chamber, and a second connecting section 29 which is communicated with the fresh air fan and the air mixing chamber, wherein the fresh air fan 14 and the fresh air valve 25 are arranged on the first connecting section 28, and the third valve 20 is arranged on the second connecting section. The simulated training device for preventing the fire disaster of the subway system further comprises an air return pipeline 27 which is communicated with the air exhaust well 2 and the station hall and is communicated with the air exhaust well and the station, wherein the air return pipeline 27 is communicated with the first exhaust pipeline 9 and the second exhaust pipeline 10 through tee joints, namely, the air return pipeline and the main exhaust pipeline share the same first exhaust pipeline and the same second exhaust pipeline. A seventh valve 24 is provided on the main air supply pipe portion communicating between the static pressure tank 11 and the evaporator of the air conditioning unit 12, and in this embodiment, the return air pipe is disposed parallel to the main air exhaust path. The return air duct 27 is provided with a return air blower 16 and a fourth valve 21.
The middle pipeline 31 is arranged between the return air pipeline and the air mixing chamber and is communicated with the return air pipeline, the communication position of the middle pipeline and the return air pipeline is positioned at the downstream of the fourth valve and the return air fan, and the fifth valve 22 is arranged on the middle pipeline, so that the condition that the turbid air with lower temperature discharged from a hall and a platform can partially or completely reenter the air mixing chamber for recycling, energy conservation and emission reduction is realized. A sixth valve 23 is provided on the return air duct downstream of the junction of the intermediate duct and the return air duct. The third valve 20, the fourth valve 21, the fifth valve 22, the sixth valve 23 and the seventh valve 24 are all electric regulating valves, and can be electrically controlled to realize the opening, closing and opening regulation.
The first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 32 is arranged on the first branch pipeline 6 of the air supply pipeline, the second branch pipeline 7 of the air supply pipeline is provided with the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 33, the automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve is in the prior art and normally opened at ordinary times, a probe with the melting temperature of 70 ℃ is built in, and when the temperature reaches 70 ℃ or above, the valve is automatically closed. When fire occurs in the hall or the platform, the first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline and the second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline can be automatically closed, so that fresh air is prevented from entering to supply oxygen, and further fire is avoided. Be provided with first electronic fire damper 34 that discharges fume on exhaust duct first branch pipe 9, exhaust duct second branch pipe 10 is provided with the electronic fire damper 35 that discharges fume of second, and electronic fire damper that discharges fume is prior art also, adopts 280 ℃'s fire damper that discharges fume, and electronic fire damper normally closed at ordinary times can electric control open, also can open automatically when the flue gas reaches certain concentration or when the conflagration takes place, and when the flue gas temperature reached 280 ℃ automatic shutdown. When fire disaster occurs in a station hall or a platform, the escape time of people on the station hall and the station hall can be increased by opening the first electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve and the second electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve to exhaust smoke outwards, and when fire enters the first branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline and the second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline, the fusing temperature of the electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve is 280 ℃, the first branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline and the second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline are fused and closed by the electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve, so that the fire is prevented from spreading outwards, and the fire is controlled. The automatic smoke prevention fire damper and the electric smoke exhaust fire damper are both prior art, and their specific structures are not described in detail herein. The exhaust valve adopts an electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve, and can be opened under electric control. In this embodiment, the return air duct, the communication duct, and the intermediate duct all use transparent pipes.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
1) When fresh air needs to be conveyed into the station hall 3 and the station platform 4, the fresh air fan 14 is started, the fresh air valve 25, the seventh valve 24 and the second valve 19 are opened, the first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 32 and the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 33 are normally opened, and outdoor fresh air is conveyed into the station hall and the station platform to provide enough fresh air; simultaneously, the exhaust fan 15 is started, the first electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve 34, the second electric smoke exhaust fireproof valve 35 and the exhaust valve 26 are opened, dirty air in the station hall and the station platform is beaten to the outside through the exhaust shaft, and the ventilation and exhaust processes are completed. The fifth valve 22 and the fourth valve 21 are closed during the fire prevention.
2) When the air conditioner is required to cool down in summer, the fresh air fan 14 and the fresh air valve 25 are closed, the smoke exhaust fan 15 is closed, the air exhaust valve 26 is normally closed, the third valve 20 is opened, the air conditioning unit 12 is started, the seventh valve 24 and the second valve 19 are opened, the first automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve 32 and the second automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve 33 are normally open, and cool air is conveyed into the exhibition hall and the platform; the return air blower 16 is started, the first electric smoke discharging fireproof valve 34, the second electric smoke discharging fireproof valve 35, the fourth valve 21 and the sixth valve 23 are opened, hot air in the station hall and the station platform is discharged, the fifth valve 22 is selectively opened along with the temperature decrease in the station hall and the station platform, the air with the temperature decrease discharged in the station hall and the station platform enters the air mixing chamber to enter an air conditioning unit and subsequent circulation, energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and the opening proportion of the sixth valve 23 and the third valve 20 is controlled at the moment.
3) When fire occurs in the hall 3 and the platform 4, when smoke enters the first branch pipeline 6 of the air supply pipeline and the second branch pipeline 7 of the air supply pipeline and when the temperature reaches 70 ℃, the first automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 32 and the second automatic smoke-proof fire-proof valve 33 are automatically closed, so that fresh air is prevented from entering and increasing fire. When smoke is required to be discharged in a fire disaster, the return air fan 16 and the exhaust fan 15 are started, the sixth valve 23, the fourth valve 21, the exhaust valve 26, the first valve 18, the first electric smoke discharge fireproof valve 34 and the second electric smoke discharge fireproof valve 35 are opened, the fifth valve 22 is closed, smoke in the station hall and the station platform is discharged, and enough escape time is reserved for the station platform and personnel in the station hall. When the fire is spread into the exhaust pipe first branch pipe 9 and the exhaust pipe second branch pipe 10 and the temperature reaches 280 ℃, the first electric smoke discharging fireproof valve 34 and the second electric smoke discharging fireproof valve 35 are automatically closed to block the fire and prevent the fire from spreading outwards.
Claims (1)
1. A simulation training device for subway system fire prevention is characterized in that: the system comprises a station hall and a platform which are sequentially arranged up and down, and also comprises a fresh air shaft and an exhaust shaft, wherein the fresh air shaft is communicated with the station hall and the platform through an air supply pipeline, a static pressure box is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline comprises an air supply main pipeline which is communicated with the fresh air shaft and the static pressure box, the air supply pipeline further comprises an air supply pipeline first branch pipeline which is communicated with the static pressure box and the station hall and an air supply pipeline second branch pipeline which is communicated with the static pressure box and the platform, and a fresh air fan and a fresh air valve are arranged on the air supply main pipeline; the station hall is communicated with the main exhaust pipeline through a second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline, and the main exhaust pipeline is provided with an exhaust fan and an exhaust valve; the first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a first automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve, the second branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a second automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve, and the first automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve and the second automatic smoke prevention and fire prevention valve are both in a normally open state; a communication pipeline is arranged between the first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline and the first branch pipeline of the air exhaust pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the communication pipeline, and the first valve is used for adjusting the air quantity transmitted to the station hall; because personnel on the platform are relatively dense compared with those in the station hall, the first branch pipeline of the air supply pipeline is provided with a second valve, and the second valve is used for realizing independent air supply to the platform; a first electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve is arranged on a first branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline, a second electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve is arranged on a second branch pipeline of the exhaust pipeline, and the first electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve and the second electric smoke-discharging fireproof valve are in a normally closed state; the simulated training device for preventing the subway system fire also comprises an air conditioning unit communicated between the fresh air well and the static pressure box, an evaporator of the air conditioning unit is communicated on an air supply main pipeline, the air supply main pipeline comprises a first connecting section communicated with the fresh air well and the air mixing chamber, the air supply main pipeline further comprises a second connecting section communicated with the fresh air fan and the air mixing chamber, a third valve is arranged on the second connecting section, the fresh air fan and the fresh air valve are both arranged on the first connecting section, the simulated training device for preventing the iron fire further comprises an air return pipeline communicated with the air exhaust well, and the air return pipeline is communicated with a first branch pipeline of the air exhaust pipeline and a second branch pipeline of the air exhaust pipeline; an air mixing chamber is arranged between the fresh air well and the evaporator of the air conditioning unit on the main air supply pipeline, an intermediate pipeline is arranged between the return air pipeline and the air mixing chamber for communication, and a fifth valve is arranged on the intermediate pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910624958.0A CN110223562B (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2019-07-11 | Simulation training device for subway system fire prevention |
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| CN201910624958.0A CN110223562B (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2019-07-11 | Simulation training device for subway system fire prevention |
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| CN110223562A CN110223562A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN110223562B true CN110223562B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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| CN113757848A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-07 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Nuclear power station ventilation system and fire prevention method thereof |
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