CN110222481A - A kind of BIM model copyright protection spatial domain digital watermark method - Google Patents
A kind of BIM model copyright protection spatial domain digital watermark method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
- G06F21/16—Program or content traceability, e.g. by watermarking
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark methods, comprising: model data watermark insertion and watermark extracting.Watermark insertion includes that polyface meshes apex coordinate is extracted in original BIM data, obtains coordinate data high-order portion, the corresponding relationship of coordinate value and watermark bit is established with unidirectional mapping function；It is embedded a watermark into coordinate data using QIM method compared with low order part；It is less for the effective carrier that is embedded in watermark because coordinate data repetition values are more in BIM data, to solve this problem, before watermark insertion, the random noise that original coordinates data are added in range of tolerable variance increases watermark embedding capacity to be embedded in different watermarks indirectly；When watermark extracting, is participated in without initial data, be a kind of blind watermark method；This method can be good at controlling data error caused by watermark is embedded in, and data use is entirely unaffected by, preferable to attack robusts such as translation, trimmings, practical to the copyright protection of BIM model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cartography and Geography Information System and copyright protection field, more particularly to a kind of BIM
Model copyright protection digital watermark method.
Background technique
Building Information Model (Building Information Modeling, BIM) is in the row such as building, engineering and construction
Industry is widely used, while the fusion transboundary of BIM and GIS (Geo-Information system, GIS), improves
BIM application depth.It is current studies have shown that BIM can be provided between relevant item side faster, more effectively information interchange,
The information generated in modeling process can be reused, Data duplication and many other benefits are avoided.Although BIM brings this
A little vital interests, but wherein BIM data such as buildings model, race, drawing etc., with Internet of Things development data transmission with
The safety problems such as distort, encroach right and divulge a secret are faced in use process, are badly in need of effective technological means and are carried out copyright protection.
Digital watermark technology is an important branch of Information Hiding Techniques, is to be believed copyright by imperceptible mode
Breath is embedded into multimedia (such as audio, video, text print document) but does not influence the use of initial data, for confirming number
According to ownership a kind of technology, including two stages: one be watermark insertion；The other is the extraction of watermark.In recent years,
Due to internet fast development, data bootlegging in transmission process is got worse with the problem of distorting, and copyright infringement issues are anxious
Increase severely and adds.Important means of the digital watermark technology as copyright protection, is widely studied and is applied.
Currently, rarely have the research with digital watermark technology to BIM copyright protection, but for two-dimensional engineering graphic and
Three-dimensional modeling data watermarking algorithm has obtained more achievement, can offer reference for the research of BIM data digital digital watermark.According to
The embedded technology difference of watermark can be divided into spatial domain watermark algorithm and frequency domain water mark algorithm.For spatial domain watermark algorithm, early in 1997
Year R Ohbuchi et al. has delivered the paper of the 1st watermarking algorithm about three-dimensional geometry polygon model data, and the paper is logical
Modification apex coordinate, vertex topology (connectivity) are crossed, is embedded watermark data into three-dimensional polygon model.Li Li et al. is used
Difference extension proposes a kind of reversible water mark embedded mobile GIS of two-dimensional engineering graphic, can by modifying the apex coordinate of line
Accurately restore original engineering drawing, meets the requirement of high-precision processing.It is special that Wang Gang et al. is based on oblique photograph three-dimensional modeling data
Sign proposes a kind of three dimensional point cloud blind watermatking calculation based on apart from mapping mechanism according to the stability in its vertical direction
Method, which has good not sentience, and has stronger robustness to common attacks such as translation, cutting and rotations.
Frequency domain water mark algorithm is to embed a watermark into coordinate transform domain coefficient, such as yellow dawn life etc. extracts certain vertex and constructs complex value
Semaphore carries out Fourier transform again, by being modulated to transformed Fourier transform coefficient amplitude, insertion meet N (0,
1) this method of pseudo random watermark sequence being distributed to translation, rotation, addition and deletes the attacks such as part entity with good
Robustness.Threedimensional model is transformed under spherical coordinate and is carried out wavelet transformation by Zhang Jianhai etc., embedding under low frequency and high frequency coefficient
Enter watermark, the threedimensional model after wavelet inverse transformation obtains insertion watermark, the algorithm both had robust to multiclass attack pattern
Property, and maintain the visual effect of threedimensional model.
On the basis of existing technology, the present invention uses digital watermark technology, proposes that the copyright specifically for BIM model is protected
Maintaining method solves the problems, such as that BIM model data is replicated by piracy.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark methods, by common BIM lattice
The specificity analysis of formula DXF file proposes that a kind of BIM model copyright is protected in conjunction with existing two-dimension vector graphics digital watermarking algorithm
Protect digital watermark method.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method characterized by comprising watermark insertion and watermark extracting two
Part；
Watermark Embedded step is as follows:
S1:Logistic chaotic maps, with Logistic chaotic maps scramble watermarking images to be embedded；
S2: reading BIM data, extracts polyface meshes vertex all in model object entity, constructs polyface meshes vertex
Set；
S3: original coordinates data are added with random noise in range of tolerable variance to increase the embedding capacity of watermark, to coordinate
Data do enhanced processing；
S4: the corresponding relationship of coordinate data high-order portion and watermark bit is established with unidirectional mapping function；
S5: using QIM method (Quantization Index Modulation, QIM) to embed watermark data into, treated
In coordinate value；
S6: preservation obtains the BIM data containing watermark.
Watermark extraction step is as follows:
S7: BIM data to be detected are read with S2；
S8: the place value of watermark is calculated with unidirectional mapping function；
S9: one watermark is extracted with QIM method；
S10: final watermark is obtained using Voting principle；
S11: judging original watermark and extracts the normalizated correlation coefficient between watermark evaluates watermark similitude, obtains
Conclusion out；
Preferably, in the step s 7, the BIM data with watermark generated with S1 to S6 step；
Preferably, a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method, which is characterized in that application scenarios further include BIM number
According to integrity verification, which is characterized in that checked with source of the digital watermark technology to BIM data.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of BIM model versions
Power protection digital watermark method, sentience is not good, precision is high and can be effective against common translation, trimming and contracting for this method
The attack such as put.Secondly, this method is blind watermarking algorithm, initial data participation is not required to during detecting watermark, it is practical,
Solves the problems, such as the BIM copyright protection that traditional technology is difficult to realize.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this hair
Bright schematic diagram for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to mentioning
The attached drawing of confession obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the watermark insertion and extraction process of a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method provided by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is original watermark schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is test data visualization comparison schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to attached drawing 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark methods, comprising: watermark
Insertion and watermark extracting two parts；
Watermark Embedded step is as follows:
S1:Logistic chaotic maps, with Logistic chaotic maps scramble watermarking images to be embedded；
S2: reading BIM data, extracts polyface meshes vertex all in model object entity, constructs polyface meshes vertex
Set；
S3: original coordinates data are added with random noise in range of tolerable variance to increase the embedding capacity of watermark, to coordinate
Data do enhanced processing；
S4: the corresponding relationship of coordinate data high-order portion and watermark bit is established with unidirectional mapping function；
S5: using QIM method (Quantization Index Modulation, QIM) to embed watermark data into, treated
In coordinate value；
S6: preservation obtains the BIM data containing watermark.
Watermark extraction step is as follows:
S7: BIM data to be detected are read with S2；
S8: the place value of watermark is calculated with unidirectional mapping function；
S9: one watermark is extracted with QIM method；
S10: final watermark is obtained using Voting principle；
S11: judging original watermark and extracts the normalizated correlation coefficient between watermark evaluates watermark similitude, obtains
Conclusion out.
The method being related in the present invention is described further below.
Logistic chaotic maps: Logistic mapping is also known as insect, is typical chaos sequence in chaology.
Chaos phenomenon is the randomlikeness process occurred in deterministic system, which does not restrain, and very quick to initial value
Sense.It is not only simple to be applicable in using encrypted chaotic array watermark, and it does not have periodicity, it is not easy to and being cracked can be improved
The safety of watermark.This method is encrypted using image of the Logistic chaotic maps to 32 × 64 sizes, then right
The binary bitmap of generation carries out dimension reduction and handles to obtain one-dimensional sequence w, and the length is S.
Add processing of making an uproar: it is less for the effective carrier that is embedded in watermark because coordinate repetition values are more in BIM model, to solve this
One problem, this method original coordinates data are added random noise in error permissible range to increase the embedding capacity of watermark.
Repetition coordinate value in initial data polyface meshes vertex set V is carried out as shown in following formula (1), (xe,ye) indicate that noise is added
Polyface meshes apex coordinate afterwards, (x, y) are the apex coordinate of initial data, and rand () is the random number generated between (0,1)
Random function, Q is the permissible range of error, the vertex set V that obtains that treatede。
This method is using the polyface meshes vertex of BIM data entity as object embedding watermark.The polyface meshes vertex of BIM data
For set VK, it is expressed as VK={ Vi, Vi=(xi,yi), i ∈ { 0,1,2 ..., K-1 }, wherein ViIndicate each multi-panel net
Lattice vertex, (xi,yi) be vertex X, Y-coordinate value, K represent is polyface meshes vertex number.
Watermark Embedded step is as follows:
Step 1: reading BIM data, extracts polyface meshes vertex all in model object entity, constructs polyface meshes
Vertex set VK；
Step 2: to set VKIn each vertex ViTwo coordinate value (xi,yi) carry out plus make an uproar, simultaneously amplify 10tTimes,
It is denoted as Vi', it is expressed as Vi'=(x 'i,y′i), wherein Vi' indicate plus make an uproar that treated each polyface meshes vertex, (x 'i,
y′i) it is that opposite vertexes add two coordinate values after making an uproar；
Step 3: the insertion position x of selection watermark is required according to data precisionw, selection mode such as formula (2), according still further to data
High-order portion and watermark bit w (xw) mapping relations, the progress of polyface meshes apex coordinate is gradually modified；Wherein, floor
It indicates to be rounded downwards, mod function is modulo operation return x 'i/ p is divided by the remainder after S, after p is amplification factor and decimal point
Most significant bit difference, S indicate watermark length, choose p=1000 herein.
xw=floor (mod (x 'i/p,S)+1 (2)
Step 4: using the quantitative map technology coordinate value x ' that embeds watermark data into that treatediIn, after calculating insertion watermark
DataWherein quantization amplitude is R.In two kinds of situation according to the numerical value difference of insertion watermark, specific as follows:
Similarly, according to the difference of the watermark of insertion and QIM method, to polyface meshes vertex Vi' y 'iCoordinate is embedded in watermark；
Step 5: to the V after insertion watermarki wIn coordinate valueReduce 10tTimes, and by unmodified data with
It carries out fusion treatment, generates the BIM data with watermark.
Watermark extraction step is as follows:
The extraction of watermark is the inverse process of watermark insertion.Detailed process is as follows for watermark extracting:
Step 1: reading BIM data to be detected, extract it is all can water mark inlaying polyface meshes vertex, and opposite vertexes are sat
Scale value amplification 10tTimes, t value when t is embedded in watermark is identical；
Step 2: the mapping relations established according to unidirectional mapping function and watermark find out the position x of watermarkw；
Step 3: quantized value R when according to insertion watermark carries out QIM operation, extracts watermark bit w'(x by formula (5)w)
Value；
Step 4: being repeatedly to be embedded in same watermark in this algorithm, passes through watermark bit w' using Voting principle
(xw) value, determine the value of watermark information w " extracted:
Illustrate, when the value for the watermark bit extracted is less than 1, the value of watermark information is 1, anyway it is 0；
Step 5: obtained one-dimensional watermark information w " is subjected to dimension and increases processing and inverted unrest, obtains watermarking images W'；
Step 6: water is evaluated finally by the normalizated correlation coefficient calculated between original watermark and the watermark extracted
Print similitude.Calculation formula is as follows: in formula, NC is the metric of similitude, and the value is bigger, and it is bigger to represent similitude.Watermark figure
The size of picture is M × N, and W (m, n) indicates original watermark information, W'(m, n) it is the watermark information extracted.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method characterized by comprising watermark insertion and watermark extracting two
Point；
Watermark Embedded step is as follows:
S1:Logistic chaotic maps, with Logistic chaotic maps scramble watermarking images to be embedded；
S2: reading BIM data, extracts polyface meshes vertex all in model object entity, constructs polyface meshes vertex set；
S3: original coordinates data are added with random noise in range of tolerable variance to increase the embedding capacity of watermark, to coordinate data
Do enhanced processing；
S4: the corresponding relationship of coordinate data high-order portion and watermark bit is established with unidirectional mapping function；
S5: in the QIM method coordinate value that embeds watermark data into that treated；
S6: preservation obtains the BIM data containing watermark；
Watermark extraction step is as follows:
S7: BIM data to be detected are read with S2；
S8: the place value of watermark is calculated with unidirectional mapping function；
S9: one watermark is extracted with QIM method；
S10: final watermark is obtained using Voting principle；
S11: judging original watermark and extracts the normalizated correlation coefficient between watermark evaluates watermark similitude, obtains knot
By.
2. a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S7
In, with the BIM data with watermark of S1 to S6 step generation.
3. a kind of BIM model copyright protection digital watermark method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that applied field
Scape further includes the integrity verification of BIM data, which is characterized in that is looked into source of the digital watermark technology to BIM data
It tests.
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