CN110220585A - A kind of bridge vibration test method and relevant apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of bridge vibration test method and relevant apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110220585A CN110220585A CN201910537072.2A CN201910537072A CN110220585A CN 110220585 A CN110220585 A CN 110220585A CN 201910537072 A CN201910537072 A CN 201910537072A CN 110220585 A CN110220585 A CN 110220585A
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of bridge vibration test methods, the bridge vibration timing image including receiving unmanned plane acquisition, and carry out image flame detection processing to the bridge vibration timing image；Correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology and obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；Fourier transformation is carried out to the power time-history curves that the vibration displacement time-history curves and test and excitation point obtain and obtains displacement frequency response function；Model analysis is carried out to the displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter.The bridge vibration test method is capable of the completeness of effective guarantee test data, improves the applicability and convenience of bridge vibration test.Disclosed herein as well is a kind of bridge vibration test device, equipment, system and computer readable storage mediums, all have above-mentioned technical effect.
Description
Technical field
This application involves bridge structural health monitoring field, in particular to a kind of bridge vibration test method；Further relate to one
Kind bridge vibration test device, equipment, system and computer readable storage medium.
Background technique
The mode that traditional bridge vibration test mostly uses contact to test, passes through level, dial gauge, acceleration sensing
Device and displacement sensor etc. are measured.Aforesaid way needs that the measuring point quantity arranged is more, complicated for operation, higher cost, and
And point layout is limited, therefore can only collect the data information and lower mode of the local location of bridge structure.To with this
Measured data as bridge vibration test will lead to that test data is incomplete, limit the full size in engineering jackshaft girder construction
The application of test is unable to satisfy the needs of bridge machinery and assessment.Relative to traditional detection technique, digital image correlation technique
Belong to non-contact measurement, it has distributed sensing ability, can be realized measurement of full field, precision height, easy to operate, Bu Huitong
Cross addition externally mounted sensor come increase structure quality or rigidity and influence true vibrational state, and overcome with
Toward the incomplete defect of measurement data.In addition, realizing bridge for carrying out Image Acquisition using video camera and then carrying out image analysis
The scheme of beam vibration test, it is contemplated that actual science of bridge building situation, video camera can be not easy to set up by the influence of topography, thus
Keep its engineer application limited.
In view of this, how to provide a kind of bridge vibration testing scheme to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency is those skilled in the art
Member's technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of bridge vibration test method, is capable of the completeness of effective guarantee test data,
Improve the applicability and convenience of bridge vibration test.The another object of the application be to provide a kind of bridge test device, equipment,
System and computer readable storage medium all have above-mentioned technical effect.
In order to solve the above technical problems, this application provides a kind of bridge vibration test methods, comprising:
The bridge vibration timing image for receiving unmanned plane acquisition carries out at image flame detection the bridge vibration timing image
Reason；
Correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology to obtain
Vibration displacement time-history curves；
The power time-history curves obtained to the vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point carry out Fourier's change
Get displacement frequency response function in return；
Model analysis is carried out to the displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter.
Optionally, described to include: to bridge vibration timing image progress image flame detection processing
According to x 'i=HxiImage flame detection processing is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image；
Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation match point of original image, x 'iIndicate the fixation match point of changing image, H expression is singly answered
Property transformation matrix.
Optionally, it is described image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image is carried out using Digital image technology it is related
Property is analyzed to obtain vibration displacement time-history curves, comprising:
It is based onTo the bridge after correction process
Vibration timing image carries out correlation analysis and obtains the vibration displacement time-history curves；
Wherein, x, y indicate that the pixel of bridge vibration timing image, Δ x, Δ y indicate the pixel displacement of changing image, I
Indicate that the gray value of benchmark image, J indicate that the gray value of changing image, B indicate son as the area of block, C indicates correlation.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test devices, comprising:
Image receiver module, for receiving the bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition, and when to the bridge vibration
Sequence image carries out image flame detection processing；
Image processing module, for using Digital image technology to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image into
Row correlation analysis obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；
Function computation module, the power time-history curves that the vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point are obtained
It carries out Fourier transformation and obtains displacement frequency response function；
Functional Analysis module obtains modal parameter for carrying out model analysis to the displacement frequency response function.
Optionally, described image rectification module is specifically used for according to x 'i=HxiImage is carried out to bridge vibration timing image
Correction；
Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation match point of original image, x 'iIndicate the fixation match point of changing image, H expression is singly answered
Property transformation matrix.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test equipments, comprising:
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor realizes bridge vibration test method as described in any one of the above embodiments when for executing the computer program
The step of.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test macro, including unmanned plane and
Bridge vibration test equipment as described above.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the computer can present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium
It reads storage medium and is stored with computer program, the computer program is realized as described in any one of the above embodiments when being executed by processor
The step of bridge vibration test method.
Bridge vibration test method provided herein, the bridge vibration timing image including receiving unmanned plane acquisition,
And image flame detection processing is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image；Using Digital image technology to image flame detection treated bridge
Beam vibration timing image carries out correlation analysis and obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；To the vibration displacement time-history curves and survey
The power time-history curves that examination power hammer excitation point obtains carry out Fourier transformation and obtain displacement frequency response function；To the displacement frequency response function
It carries out model analysis and obtains modal parameter.
As it can be seen that bridge vibration test method provided herein, using unmanned air vehicle technique and digital image processing techniques
The mode combined acquires bridge vibration timing image using unmanned plane, images to effectively overcome in conventional solution
Rack sets the technological deficiencies such as inconvenient, test data is incomplete.Further on the basis of unmanned plane acquisition bridge vibration timing image
On, image flame detection is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image of acquisition and carries out image analysis simultaneously using digital image processing techniques
Finally obtain test result.The bridge vibration test method is capable of the completeness of effective guarantee test data, improves bridge vibration
The applicability and convenience of test, are of great significance to bridge machinery.
Bridge vibration test device, equipment, system and computer readable storage medium provided herein, all has
Above-mentioned technical effect.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, below will be to institute in the prior art and embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the application
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of bridge vibration test scene schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow diagram of bridge vibration test method provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is a kind of image flame detection schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of bridge vibration test macro provided by the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
The core of the application is to provide a kind of bridge vibration test method, is capable of the completeness of effective guarantee test data,
Improve the applicability and convenience of bridge vibration test.Another core of the application be to provide a kind of bridge test device, equipment,
System and computer readable storage medium all have above-mentioned technical effect.
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the embodiment of the present application clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present application
In attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Some embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.According to the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, wherein Fig. 1 is a kind of bridge vibration test scene signal provided by the embodiment of the present application
Figure；Fig. 2 is a kind of flow diagram of bridge vibration test method provided by the embodiment of the present application；In conjunction with Fig. 2, bridge vibration
Dynamic test method includes:
S100: the bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition is received, and image is carried out to bridge vibration timing image and is rectified
Positive processing；
Specifically, compared with traditional contact testing scheme and erection video camera reality for laying sensor in bridge structure
The technical solution of existing bridge vibration test, to overcome, test data present in above scheme is incomplete, engineer application is inconvenient
Etc. technological deficiencies, the application Image Acquisition is carried out using unmanned plane, specifically can by unmanned plane spot hover on bridge structure surface,
And then utilize the image during unmanned plane acquisition bridge vibration, i.e., above-mentioned bridge vibration timing image, with subsequent according to this bridge
Beam vibration timing image carries out image analysis, obtains test result.
In view of unmanned plane during flying unsteady attitude, it is easy the influences of factors such as wind-engaging, air-flow and unmanned plane is caused to be imaged
The posture of moment and position, which exist, to be changed, so that unmanned plane bridge vibration timing image collected be made both to include bridge structure
Indeed vibrations displacement is again comprising false displacement caused by unmanned plane itself movement.Therefore, the accuracy to ensure image procossing
With the reliability of test result, vibrated carrying out correlation analysis to bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology
It is displaced before time-history curves and image flame detection processing is carried out to bridge vibration timing image first.Specifically, unmanned plane is collected
Each frame image respectively corresponds different imaging moments, and the position of each imaging moment image has the relationship that rotates and be translatable, for it
In two field pictures pass through the fixed available transformation relation between the two of match point.Image flame detection is to realize two two dimensions
Geometric transformation between image, using the transformation relation between image after the original image and transformation pre-established, to original graph
Image flame detection is carried out as carrying out image transformation.
Wherein, in a kind of specific embodiment, above-mentioned handle bridge vibration timing image progress image flame detection can
To include: according to x 'i=HxiImage flame detection is carried out to bridge vibration timing image；Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation of original image
With point, x 'iIndicate that the fixation match point of changing image, H indicate homography conversion matrix.
Specifically, present embodiments provide a kind of specific image correction method, i.e., by the way of homography conversion into
Row image flame detection, in above formula, xiFor the fixation match point of original image, x 'iFor the fixation match point of changing image, H is homography
Transformation matrix.With reference to image flame detection schematic diagram shown in Fig. 3, pass through the fixation match point on original image, such as x1、x2、x3、x4
With on changing image accordingly fix match point x '1、x′2、x′3、x′4Solution obtains homography conversion matrix H, to obtain original
Relationship between beginning image and changing image, and then according to this homography conversion matrix H, acquire the actual vibration position of dynamic point to be measured
Time-history curves are moved, the false displacement of unmanned plane displacement is eliminated.
S200: correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology
Obtain vibration displacement time-history curves；
Specifically, this step is intended for image analysis, to obtain vibration displacement time-history curves.It is specific to utilize number
Image technique carries out correlation analysis to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image, to obtain the vibration displacement of measuring point
Time-history curves.
Wherein, in a kind of specific embodiment, it is above-mentioned using Digital image technology to image flame detection treated bridge
Beam vibration timing image progress correlation analysis obtains vibration displacement time-history curves and may include:
It is based onTo bridge vibration timing image
It carries out correlation analysis and obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；Wherein, the pixel of x, y expression bridge vibration timing image, Δ x,
Δ y indicates that the pixel displacement of changing image, I indicate that the gray value of benchmark image, J indicate that the gray value of changing image, B indicate son
As the area of block, C indicates correlation.
Specifically, present embodiments providing a kind of specific image analysis mode, i.e., image is carried out based on above-mentioned formula and chased after
Track obtains translation information, and then obtains vibration displacement time-history curves.Wherein, in above formula, x, y indicate bridge vibration timing image
Pixel, Δ x, Δ y indicate the pixel position of the bridge vibration timing image relative datum image after changing image, that is, correction process
It moves.For example, the bridge vibration timing image phase using first width bridge vibration timing image as benchmark image, after the second width correction process
To the pixel displacement of first width bridge vibration timing image, I indicates that the gray value of benchmark image, J indicate the gray value of changing image,
B indicates that son indicates correlation and 0≤C≤1 as the area of block, C, if C=1, two sub-districts are perfectly correlated, if C=0, two
A sub-district is completely uncorrelated.
Further, when carrying out Image Acquisition to start unmanned plane convenient for image analysis, the camera lens optical center and bridge of unmanned plane
Bridge face it is vertical, and then using obtain at this time first width bridge vibration timing image as benchmark image carry out image analysis.
S300: Fourier transformation is carried out to the power time-history curves that vibration displacement time-history curves and test and excitation point obtain and is obtained
To displacement frequency response function；
S400: model analysis is carried out to displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter；
Specifically, this step is further bent to the vibration displacement time-histories on the basis of obtaining vibration displacement time-history curves
Line and by measurement power hammer excitation point power time-history curves obtained simultaneously carry out Fourier's variation, thus obtain displacement frequency response
Function.Wherein, usual power hammer is integrated with sensor and tup, therefore can carry out signal acquisition by this sensor and then be shaken
Dynamic displacement time-history curves, and the particular content of power time-history curves is obtained for measurement power hammer excitation point, the application does not repeat them here, ginseng
Examine the prior art.
Further, after obtaining displacement frequency response function, model analysis can be carried out to the displacement frequency response function, to obtain
Modal parameter of bridge structure, including intrinsic frequency, Mode Shape etc..
In conclusion bridge vibration test method provided herein, using unmanned air vehicle technique and Digital Image Processing
The mode that technology combines acquires bridge vibration timing image using unmanned plane, to effectively overcome in conventional solution
Video camera sets up the technological deficiencies such as inconvenient, test data is incomplete.Further in unmanned plane acquisition bridge vibration timing image
On the basis of, image flame detection is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image of acquisition and carries out image point using digital image processing techniques
It analyses and finally obtains test result.The bridge vibration test method is capable of the completeness of effective guarantee test data, improves bridge
The applicability and convenience of vibration-testing, are of great significance to bridge machinery.
Present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test device, the device described below can be with above-described side
Method corresponds to each other reference.The bridge vibration test device includes:
Image receiver module, for receiving the bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition, and to bridge vibration timing diagram
As carrying out image flame detection processing；
Image processing module, for using Digital image technology to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image into
Row correlation analysis obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；
Function computation module, the power time-history curves obtained to vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point carry out
Fourier transformation obtains displacement frequency response function；
Functional Analysis module obtains modal parameter for carrying out model analysis to displacement frequency response function.
On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, image flame detection module is specifically used for according to x 'i=HxiTo bridge vibration
Timing image carries out image flame detection；
Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation match point of original image, x 'iIndicate the fixation match point of changing image, H expression is singly answered
Property transformation matrix.
On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, image processing module is specifically used for:
It is based onTo bridge vibration timing image
It carries out correlation analysis and obtains vibration displacement time-history curves；Wherein, the pixel of x, y expression bridge vibration timing image, Δ x,
Δ y indicates that the pixel displacement of changing image, I indicate that the gray value of benchmark image, J indicate that the gray value of changing image, B indicate son
As the area of block, C indicates correlation.
Present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test equipments, which includes: memory, are used for
Store computer program；Processor realizes following step when for executing computer program:
The bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition is received, and bridge vibration timing image is carried out at image flame detection
Reason；Correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology and obtains vibration position
Move time-history curves；The power time-history curves obtained to vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point carry out Fourier transformation
Obtain displacement frequency response function；Model analysis is carried out to displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter.
Present invention also provides a kind of bridge vibration test macros, please refer to shown in Fig. 4, the bridge vibration test macro packet
It includes: unmanned plane 10 and bridge vibration test equipment 20 as described above；Wherein, when unmanned plane 10 is responsible for acquisition bridge vibration
Sequence image is simultaneously sent to bridge vibration test equipment 20, and bridge vibration test equipment 20 is responsible for executing step described in the above method
Suddenly.
The embodiment of the above method, the application are please referred to for the introduction of bridge vibration test macro provided herein
This will not be repeated here.
Present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, calculating is stored on the computer readable storage medium
Machine program, the computer program realize following step when being executed by processor:
The bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition is received, and bridge vibration timing image is carried out at image flame detection
Reason；Correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology and obtains vibration position
Move time-history curves；The power time-history curves obtained to vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point carry out Fourier transformation
Obtain displacement frequency response function；Model analysis is carried out to displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter.
The computer readable storage medium may include: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only
Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic or disk etc. is various to deposit
Store up the medium of program code.
Above method embodiment is please referred to for the introduction of computer readable storage medium provided by the present invention, the present invention
This will not be repeated here.
Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner in specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other realities
The difference of example is applied, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment, dress
Set and computer readable storage medium for, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, thus description comparison it is simple
Single, reference may be made to the description of the method.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond scope of the present application.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can directly be held with hardware, processor
The combination of capable software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only deposit
Reservoir (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technology
In any other form of storage medium well known in field.
Above to bridge vibration test method provided herein, device, equipment, system and computer-readable storage
Medium is described in detail.Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principle and implementation manner of the present application, with
The explanation of upper embodiment is merely used to help understand the present processes and its core concept.It should be pointed out that being led for this technology
For the those of ordinary skill in domain, under the premise of not departing from the application principle, can also to the application carry out it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvement and modification also fall into the protection scope of the claim of this application.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of bridge vibration test method characterized by comprising
The bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition is received, and the bridge vibration timing image is carried out at image flame detection
Reason；
Correlation analysis is carried out to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image using Digital image technology to be vibrated
It is displaced time-history curves；
Fourier transformation is carried out to the power time-history curves that the vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point obtain to obtain
To displacement frequency response function；
Model analysis is carried out to the displacement frequency response function and obtains modal parameter.
2. bridge vibration test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to the bridge vibration timing diagram
Include: as carrying out image flame detection processing
According to x 'i=HxiImage flame detection processing is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image；
Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation match point of original image, x 'iIndicate that the fixation match point of changing image, H indicate that homography becomes
Change matrix.
3. bridge vibration test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to utilize Digital image technology to figure
Vibration displacement time-history curves are obtained as the bridge vibration timing image after correction process carries out correlation analysis, comprising:
It is based onTo image flame detection treated bridge
Vibration timing image carries out correlation analysis and obtains the vibration displacement time-history curves；
Wherein, x, y indicate that the pixel of bridge vibration timing image, Δ x, Δ y indicate that the pixel displacement of changing image, I indicate
The gray value of benchmark image, J indicate that the gray value of changing image, B indicate son as the area of block, and C indicates correlation.
4. a kind of bridge vibration test device characterized by comprising
Image receiver module, for receiving the bridge vibration timing image of unmanned plane acquisition, and to the bridge vibration timing diagram
As carrying out image flame detection processing；
Image processing module, for using Digital image technology to image flame detection treated bridge vibration timing image progress phase
Closing property is analyzed to obtain vibration displacement time-history curves；
Function computation module, the power time-history curves obtained to the vibration displacement time-history curves and test power hammer excitation point carry out
Fourier transformation obtains displacement frequency response function；
Functional Analysis module obtains modal parameter for carrying out model analysis to the displacement frequency response function.
5. bridge vibration test device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described image rectification module is specifically used for
According to x 'i=HxiImage flame detection is carried out to the bridge vibration timing image；
Wherein, xiIndicate the fixation match point of original image, x 'iIndicate that the fixation match point of changing image, H indicate that homography becomes
Change matrix.
6. a kind of bridge vibration test equipment characterized by comprising
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor realizes bridge vibration test as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when for executing the computer program
The step of method.
7. a kind of bridge vibration test macro, which is characterized in that including unmanned plane and bridge vibration as claimed in claim 6
Test equipment.
8. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that the computer-readable recording medium storage has computer journey
Sequence, the computer program realize bridge vibration test method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when being executed by processor
The step of.
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| CN113970416B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-11-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for rapidly testing static human body dynamic characteristics by utilizing artificial rhythmic excitation |
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| CN113793367B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-15 | 西南交通大学 | Visual measurement and power identification system and method for engineering structure corner displacement |
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Application publication date: 20190910 |