CN110220376B - Small-sized electric arc melting furnace - Google Patents
Small-sized electric arc melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110220376B CN110220376B CN201910459821.4A CN201910459821A CN110220376B CN 110220376 B CN110220376 B CN 110220376B CN 201910459821 A CN201910459821 A CN 201910459821A CN 110220376 B CN110220376 B CN 110220376B
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- corrugated pipe
- metal
- arc
- striking rod
- arc striking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
- F27B2014/045—Vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a small-sized electric arc melting furnace, which comprises a vacuum hearth and an arc striking rod, wherein the lower end part of the arc striking rod is inserted in the vacuum hearth, the lower end part of the arc striking rod is fixedly provided with a tungsten needle, the upper end part of the arc striking rod is connected with a power supply through an electrode binding post, the bottom of the vacuum hearth is provided with a plurality of water-cooled crucibles of a metal melting pool, the metal melting pool is used for placing molten metal, and the bottom of each water-cooled crucible is connected with the power supply; the small arc melting furnace also comprises a metal corrugated pipe sleeved on the arc striking rod, the lower end of the metal corrugated pipe is arranged on the wall of the vacuum hearth, and the upper end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the arc striking rod through a connecting piece; the metal corrugated pipe is also respectively provided with a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame and an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame; the invention not only has convenient operation and effectively reduces the complexity of the electric arc melting operation process, but also obviously reduces the possibility of the reaction of the tungsten needle and the metal melt, and greatly improves the stability and the success rate of the electric arc melting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a small electric arc smelting furnace.
Background
Arc melting is an electro-thermal metallurgical process for melting metals using an electric arc generated between an electrode and a charge. Generally, when the power supply supplies sufficient power, the gas between the positive and negative electrodes can continuously pass through a strong current and emit a strong light, thereby generating a height of several thousands or even tens of thousands of degrees celsius. When the electric arc is strong enough, the strong stirring effect can be generated on the melt in the crucible, and the sufficient uniformity of the material is facilitated. Due to the advantages, the electric arc melting is widely applied to the aspects of metal master alloy configuration, refractory alloy melting and the like, and particularly, the electric arc melting process is often adopted to prepare materials in the process of new material research and development.
In the actual arc melting process, the tungsten needle on the arc striking rod firstly contacts with the furnace charge to strike an arc, and after the arc striking is successful, the tungsten needle must be separated from the furnace charge immediately and keep a reasonable height to ensure the stable output of the arc. However, the arc striking rod of the domestic small arc melting furnace mostly adopts a connection form of a worm gear and a worm or a threaded screw rod, after the electric arc is generated, an operator hardly rotates the worm gear or the threaded handle in time to enable the position of the arc striking rod to rise, and then the arc striking rod and furnace burden are easily adhered together, and finally the arc striking failure is caused. Even if an operator rotates the turbine or the threaded handle to lift the arc striking rod, the arc striking rod cannot keep a proper distance from the furnace burden, the tungsten needle is easy to react with metal melt due to too small distance, so that the tungsten needle pollutes materials, and the too large distance easily causes electric arc interruption to cause smelting failure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a small-sized arc melting furnace, which is convenient to operate, so as to effectively reduce the complexity of the arc melting operation process, and simultaneously, significantly reduce the possibility of the reaction between the tungsten needle and the molten metal, and greatly improve the stability and success rate of the arc melting process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a small-sized electric arc melting furnace comprises a vacuum hearth and an arc striking rod, wherein the lower end part of the arc striking rod is inserted in the vacuum hearth, a tungsten needle is fixedly arranged at the lower end part of the arc striking rod, the upper end part of the arc striking rod is connected with a power supply through an electrode binding post, a plurality of water-cooled crucibles of a metal melting pool are arranged at the bottom of the vacuum hearth, the metal melting pool is used for placing molten metal, and the bottom of each water-cooled crucible is connected with the power supply through the electrode binding post; the small arc melting furnace also comprises a metal corrugated pipe sleeved on the arc striking rod, the lower end of the metal corrugated pipe is arranged on the wall of the vacuum hearth, and the upper end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the arc striking rod through a connecting piece; the metal corrugated pipe is further provided with a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame and an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame respectively, the lower corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for lower limiting during vacuumizing and inert gas filling, and the upper corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for upper limiting during arc striking and smelting.
Preferably, the metal corrugated pipe is provided with a limiting part which can be respectively connected with the lower limiting frame of the corrugated pipe and the upper limiting frame of the corrugated pipe in a limiting and matching manner.
Preferably, the upper limit bracket of the corrugated pipe and the lower limit bracket of the corrugated pipe are respectively installed on the wall of the vacuum furnace chamber.
Preferably, an arc striking rod handle is sleeved at the top of the upper end of the arc striking rod and used for compressing the metal corrugated pipe.
Preferably, the shell wall of the vacuum furnace is respectively provided with a vacuum interface for vacuumizing and an air charging interface for charging inert gas.
Preferably, the arc striking rod and the water-cooled crucible are both provided with a cooling water inlet and outlet channel with an inlet and an outlet.
Preferably, the vacuum furnace adopts a double-layer water-cooled furnace.
Preferably, the lower limit frame and the upper limit frame of the corrugated pipe are made of rubber materials or polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
Preferably, the tungsten needle has a length of 30 mm.
The invention creatively provides a metal corrugated pipe to replace a worm gear and worm screw and nut screw transmission mechanism in the conventional technology, and eliminates the operation that an arc rod is manually separated from metal furnace charge, thereby greatly improving the success rate of arc striking; meanwhile, the distance between the tungsten needle and furnace burden is limited by the metal corrugated pipe limiting frame, so that the stability of electric arc in the smelting process is effectively ensured; therefore, the invention not only has convenient operation and effectively reduces the complexity of the electric arc melting operation process, but also obviously reduces the possibility of the reaction of the tungsten needle and the metal melt, and greatly improves the stability and the success rate of the electric arc melting process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a compact arc melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a compact arc melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention during arc striking.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a small-sized electric arc melting furnace, which comprises a vacuum hearth and an arc striking rod, wherein the lower end part of the arc striking rod is inserted in the vacuum hearth, the lower end part of the arc striking rod is fixedly provided with a tungsten needle, the upper end part of the arc striking rod is connected with a power supply through an electrode binding post, the bottom of the vacuum hearth is provided with a plurality of water-cooled crucibles of a metal melting pool, the metal melting pool is used for placing molten metal, and the bottom of each water-cooled crucible is connected with the power; the small arc melting furnace also comprises a metal corrugated pipe sleeved on the arc striking rod, the lower end of the metal corrugated pipe is arranged on the wall of the vacuum hearth, and the upper end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the arc striking rod through a connecting piece; the metal corrugated pipe is also respectively provided with a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame and an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame, the lower corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for lower limiting during vacuumizing and inert gas filling, and the upper corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for upper limiting during arc striking and smelting.
The embodiment of the invention creatively provides that the metal corrugated pipe is adopted to replace a worm gear and worm and nut screw transmission mechanism in the conventional technology, and the operation that an arc rod is manually separated from metal furnace charge is eliminated, so that the success rate of arc striking in the embodiment of the invention is greatly improved; meanwhile, the distance between the tungsten needle and furnace burden is limited by the metal corrugated pipe limiting frame, so that the stability of electric arc in the smelting process is effectively ensured; therefore, the embodiment of the invention not only has convenient operation, but also effectively reduces the complexity of the electric arc melting operation process, simultaneously obviously reduces the possibility of the reaction of the tungsten needle and the metal melt, and greatly improves the stability and the success rate of the electric arc melting process.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1, which illustrates a small-sized arc melting furnace, comprising a vacuum furnace 1, an arc striking rod 2 inserted into the vacuum furnace 1 at the lower end of the arc striking rod 2, a tungsten needle 3 fixedly installed at the lower end of the arc striking rod 2, and an electrode binding post 6 connected with a power supply at the upper end of the arc striking rod, a water-cooled crucible with a plurality of metal melting pools 15 arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace 1, and particularly preferably, a water-cooled copper crucible 4 is adopted in the present embodiment; the molten metal pool 15 is used for placing molten metal 18, and the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is connected with a power supply through an electrode binding post 6; the small arc melting furnace also comprises a metal corrugated pipe 8 sleeved on the arc striking rod 2, the lower end of the metal corrugated pipe 8 is installed on the wall of the vacuum hearth 1 through a corrugated pipe fixing bolt 9, the upper end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the arc striking rod 2 through a connecting piece 10, and meanwhile, the metal corrugated pipe is fixedly locked through a connecting bolt 12; the metal corrugated pipe 8 is also respectively provided with a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame 13 and an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame 11, the lower corrugated pipe limiting frame 13 is used for lower limiting of the small electric arc melting furnace during vacuumizing and inert gas charging, and the upper corrugated pipe limiting frame 11 is used for upper limiting of the small electric arc melting furnace during arc striking and melting;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the metal corrugated tube 8 is provided with a limiting portion 81 which can be respectively connected with the lower limiting frame 13 and the upper limiting frame 11 of the corrugated tube in a limiting and matching manner;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the bellows upper limit bracket 11 and the bellows lower limit bracket 13 are respectively installed on the wall of the vacuum furnace 1, and particularly, preferably, in use, the bellows lower limit bracket 13 can be directly and horizontally placed on the wall of the vacuum furnace 1, and the bellows upper limit bracket 11 is fixedly installed on the wall of the vacuum furnace 1 through the limit bracket fixing bolt 14;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the top of the upper end of the arc ignition rod 2 is sleeved with an arc ignition rod handle 5 for compressing the metal corrugated pipe 8;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the shell walls of the vacuum furnace 1 are respectively provided with a vacuum interface 16 for vacuum pumping and an inflation interface 17 for inflating inert gas, in the present embodiment, the inert gas is argon;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the arc starting rod 2 and the water-cooled copper crucible 4 are each provided with a cooling water inlet and outlet passage 7 having an inlet and an outlet;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the vacuum furnace 1 adopts a double-layer water-cooled furnace;
preferably, in the present embodiment, the bellows lower retainer 13 and the bellows upper retainer 11 are made of a rubber material or a polytetrafluoroethylene material;
preferably, the length of the tungsten needle 3 is 30 mm.
The working process of this embodiment is further explained in conjunction with this embodiment: before the vacuum furnace is ready to be used, firstly, a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame 13 is installed, the vacuum furnace 1 is vacuumized through a vacuum interface 16, argon is backflushed into the vacuum furnace 1 through an inflation interface 17 after the technological parameter requirements are met, and after the technological parameter requirements are met, the lower corrugated pipe limiting frame 13 is detached, an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame 11 is installed and fixed on the vacuum furnace through an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame fixing bolt, and then arc melting is started; under the condition of switching on the power supply, the arc striking rod handle 5 applies pressure F to the corrugated connecting pipe 8 so as to compress the corrugated connecting pipe 8, thereby driving the arc striking rod 2 and the tungsten needle 3 to approach the metal melt 18 for arc striking; once the arc striking is successful, the argon gas between the tungsten needle 3 and the metal melting material 18 is rapidly heated, so that the pressure in the vacuum furnace 1 rises suddenly, the metal corrugated pipe 8 is pushed to expand outwards and drag the tungsten needle 3 to be far away from the metal melting material 18, and after the standard target distance is reached, the metal corrugated pipe 8 is limited by the limiting frame 11 on the corrugated pipe, so that the distance between the tungsten needle 3 and the metal melting material 18 is always kept in a safe and stable distance range, and the electric arc melting of the invention can be always stably and smoothly carried out.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A small-sized electric arc melting furnace is characterized by comprising a vacuum furnace chamber and an arc striking rod, wherein the lower end part of the arc striking rod is inserted in the vacuum furnace chamber, a tungsten needle is fixedly arranged at the lower end part of the arc striking rod, the upper end part of the arc striking rod is connected with a power supply through an electrode binding post, a plurality of water-cooled crucibles of a metal melting pool are arranged at the bottom of the vacuum furnace chamber, the metal melting pool is used for placing molten metal, and the bottom of each water-cooled crucible is connected with the power supply through the electrode binding; the small arc melting furnace also comprises a metal corrugated pipe sleeved on the arc striking rod, the lower end of the metal corrugated pipe is arranged on the wall of the vacuum hearth, and the upper end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the arc striking rod through a connecting piece; the metal corrugated pipe is also respectively provided with a lower corrugated pipe limiting frame and an upper corrugated pipe limiting frame, the lower corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for lower limiting during vacuumizing and inert gas charging, and the upper corrugated pipe limiting frame is used for upper limiting during arc striking and smelting; the metal corrugated pipe is provided with a limiting part which can be respectively connected with the lower limiting frame of the corrugated pipe and the upper limiting frame of the corrugated pipe in a limiting and matching way; the distance between the tungsten needle and furnace burden is limited by the metal corrugated pipe limiting frame, so that the stability of electric arc in the smelting process is effectively ensured; the upper limit frame and the lower limit frame of the corrugated pipe are respectively arranged on the wall of the vacuum furnace chamber; an arc striking rod handle is sleeved at the top of the upper end of the arc striking rod and used for compressing the metal corrugated pipe; the lower limiting frame of the corrugated pipe and the upper limiting frame of the corrugated pipe are made of rubber materials or polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
2. A compact arc melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls of the vacuum furnace chamber are provided with a vacuum port for evacuation and a charging port for charging inert gas, respectively.
3. The compact arc melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the arc runner and the water-cooled crucible are each provided with a cooling water inlet and outlet passage having an inlet and an outlet.
4. A compact electric arc melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum furnace employs a double-layer water-cooled furnace.
5. The compact arc melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten needle has a length of 30 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910459821.4A CN110220376B (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | Small-sized electric arc melting furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910459821.4A CN110220376B (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | Small-sized electric arc melting furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110220376A CN110220376A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN110220376B true CN110220376B (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| CN201910459821.4A Active CN110220376B (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | Small-sized electric arc melting furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112094995B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-08-09 | 共慧冶金设备科技(苏州)有限公司 | Vacuum rapid heat treatment equipment for metal materials |
| CN117367112B (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-06-18 | 北京研邦新材料科技有限公司 | Smelting device and method for hafnium-titanium-zirconium-niobium-tantalum refractory high-entropy alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201632627U (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-11-17 | 重庆理工大学 | Vacuum smelting furnace |
| CN102496922A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-13 | 荣信电力电子股份有限公司 | Sealed forcible trigger gap |
| CN203785421U (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-08-20 | 沈阳慧宇真空技术有限公司 | Automatic feeding device for vacuum arc furnace |
| CN207501663U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-15 | 沈阳鹏程真空技术有限责任公司 | A kind of miniature arc-melting furnace of band casting function |
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