CN110219330B - Pit tower reinforcement and deviation rectification treatment method based on tree root piles - Google Patents
Pit tower reinforcement and deviation rectification treatment method based on tree root piles Download PDFInfo
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- CN110219330B CN110219330B CN201910507370.7A CN201910507370A CN110219330B CN 110219330 B CN110219330 B CN 110219330B CN 201910507370 A CN201910507370 A CN 201910507370A CN 110219330 B CN110219330 B CN 110219330B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations
- E02D35/005—Lowering or lifting of foundation structures
Abstract
The invention provides a pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on tree root piles, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. Firstly, establishing a mechanical calculation model according to actual engineering, calculating the bearing capacity of a foundation, and further determining the number of tree root piles to be reinforced; then, aiming at a reinforcing and deviation-correcting treatment area of the well tower, determining the construction position of the tree root pile, drilling and filling by adopting reinforced concrete; after filling, releasing slopes and digging grooves according to design, constructing a crown beam and a connecting beam by adopting reinforced concrete, and planting bars and anchoring the connecting beam and the originally designed column; monitoring the settlement of the tree root pile and the stress of the tree root pile, the crown beam and the connecting beam by adopting a multipoint displacement meter and a steel bar stress meter; and finally, after the concrete curing strength of the crown beam and the connecting beam meets the design requirement, correcting the deviation of the hoister, continuously monitoring the stress and the deformation, and performing treatment if necessary. The method has the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, good treatment effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on a tree root pile.
Background
With the improvement of mining production mechanization and the annual increase of mine ore yield, the deflection phenomenon of a derrick usually occurs due to the fact that a lifting system of the derrick needs to be modified or operated in an overload mode and the derrick foundation is not settled uniformly. The uneven settlement of the foundation of the derrick causes serious influence and potential safety hazard on the normal operation of the mine. Therefore, the method is used for reasonably and effectively treating the difficult problem that the deviation of the well tower is caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation after the well tower construction is finished, and has important scientific research significance and engineering application value.
In general, the well tower is based on a concrete structure, is not directly connected with the well bore, and the well bore is directly located on bedrock, so that the well bore is basically not subjected to sedimentation deformation. The reason for the deviation of the mine shaft tower can be roughly divided into two aspects, on one hand, the uneven settlement of the shaft tower foundation is realized, and factors such as consolidation compression of foundation soil, groundwater level decline, soil layer self-weight stress and the like are included; another aspect is the modification of the shaft equipment and derrick sections due to the increased lift. The existing disposal measures for the problem of the deviation of the derrick are forced landing and jacking rectification generally. Aiming at the problem of strengthening and rectifying the derrick, the headframe is rarely reported at home and abroad. Therefore, effective and economical treatment measures are not formed temporarily, and a reliable derrick reinforcing and deviation rectifying treatment method is urgently to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on tree root piles.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, aiming at the reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of the derrick, establishing a mechanical calculation model according to actual engineering, calculating the bearing capacity of the foundation and further determining the number of the tree root piles to be reinforced;
s2: aiming at a reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of a derrick, determining a tree root pile construction position, drilling and constructing, and filling by adopting reinforced concrete; after filling, releasing slopes and digging grooves according to design, constructing a crown beam and a connecting beam by adopting reinforced concrete, and planting bars and anchoring the connecting beam and the originally designed column; monitoring the stress of the root piles, the crown beams and the connecting beams by adopting a multipoint displacement meter and a steel bar stress meter;
s3: after the strength of the concrete of the crown beam and the coupling beam reaches the design requirement, the hoisting machine is used for correcting the deviation once, and the stress and the deformation are continuously monitored and treated if necessary.
Wherein, the tree root piles in the S1 include I type tree root piles, II type tree root piles and III type tree root piles. The length of the I-type tree root pile is mainly determined according to the thickness and the length-diameter ratio of a stratum to be reinforced, and the I-type tree root pile mainly has the functions of intercepting lateral tidal water and reinforcing a foundation to prevent ground foundation soil loss caused by underground water, so that mud dado drilling construction is adopted; the length of the II-type tree root pile is mainly determined according to the thickness and the length-diameter ratio of a consolidated stratum, the main functions are to consolidate a soil body and bear vertical load, and in order to enable slurry to be well diffused into the soil body, cement slurry retaining wall drilling construction is adopted; the length of the III-type tree root pile is mainly determined according to the distance between the original design bearing platform and the currently designed crown beam and connecting beam, and the III-type tree root pile is mainly used for connecting the original design bearing platform, the crown beam and the connecting beam, so that cement slurry is adopted for wall protection and drilling construction.
S1, the soil layer at the lower part of the derrick foundation is approximate to a horizontal soil layer, and the bearing capacity of the foundation is calculated based on consolidation settlement of the soil body. When the calculated foundation bearing capacity is smaller than the actual surveyed foundation bearing capacity, the stable area can be judged, and reinforcement is not needed; and when the calculated foundation bearing capacity is larger than the actual surveyed foundation bearing capacity, judging that the area is an unstable area, carrying out reinforcement treatment, carrying out bearing capacity checking calculation on piles by a single-pile load test or a normative suggestion formula, and finally calculating the number of the needed tree root piles.
When the tree root pile is drilled in the S2, a sleeve is applied to the drilled hole, a reinforcement cage and broken stones (the particle size of the broken stones is 5-20mm) are put down, cement grout (the water cement ratio of the cement grout is 0.45:1) is used for filling, and a grout overflow hole is formed in the sleeve. The distance between the pulp overflow holes is 1.0m, and the pulp overflow holes are arranged in a quincunx shape.
When the crown beam and the coupling beam are constructed in the S2, the slope is released and the groove is dug according to the designed width of the crown beam and the coupling beam, the tree root pile and the crown beam are anchored, meanwhile, the original designed column is punched, the original designed column and the coupling beam are anchored by planting the steel bars, and C30 concrete is used for filling.
When the tree root pile and the crown beam are anchored, the reserved pile heads are knocked off for the I type tree root pile and the II type tree root pile, and the reserved pile heads are not needed for the III type tree root pile.
And S3, monitoring the settlement of the I-type tree root pile, the settlement of the II-type tree root pile, the stress of the III-type tree root pile, the stress of the crown beam and the stress of the connecting beam by using a multipoint displacement meter and a steel bar stress meter.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, the defects of the existing derrick reinforcing and deviation rectifying treatment method can be overcome, and the method has the advantages of low cost, convenience in operation, good treatment effect and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a pit tower reinforcement deviation rectifying treatment method based on a tree root pile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a spatial relationship diagram of a derrick treatment strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a derrick computational mechanics model of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a root stump arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a grout stop hole of the bushing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a root stake of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the root pile and coupling beam reinforcement of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a plan view of a monitoring arrangement of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-type tree root stump; 2-type II tree root stumps; 3-type III tree root stumps; 4-designing a column originally; 5-a bearing platform; 6-a well bore; 7-a column; 8-design value F of vertical force transmitted by the superstructure to the top surface of the foundation; 9-soil layer; 10-design value of the self weight of the foundation and standard value G of the soil weight on the foundation; 11-theoretical value P of bearing capacity of the bearing layer; 12-a support layer; 13-pile head; 14-a sleeve; 15-a reinforcement cage; 16-an enlarged head; 17-a steel bar stress meter; 18-connecting the beam; 19-a crown beam; 20-a multipoint displacement meter; 21-grout overflow hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on tree root piles.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, aiming at the reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of the derrick, establishing a mechanical calculation model according to actual engineering, calculating the bearing capacity of the foundation and further determining the number of the tree root piles to be reinforced;
s2: aiming at a reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of a derrick, determining a tree root pile construction position, drilling and constructing, and filling by adopting reinforced concrete; after filling, releasing the slope and digging a groove according to the design, constructing a crown beam 19 and a connecting beam 18 by adopting reinforced concrete, and planting bars and anchoring the connecting beam 18 and the originally designed column 4; monitoring the stress of the tree root pile, the crown beam 19 and the connecting beam 18 by adopting a multipoint displacement meter 20 and a steel bar stress meter 17;
s3: after the strength of the concrete of the crown beam 19 and the coupling beam 18 reaches the design requirement, a hoist is used for correcting the deviation once, and the stress and the deformation are continuously monitored.
The following description is given with reference to specific examples.
A pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on tree root piles is introduced by taking a subline pit tower treatment project of a newly-erected mining area of gold mine in Sanshan island as a background. The secondary shaft tower of the new vertical mining area of the san shan island gold mine inclines, and the settlement of the west side foundation is larger than that of the east side foundation, so that serious influence and potential safety hazard are caused to the normal operation of the secondary shaft, as shown in fig. 2.
The reinforcement deviation-rectifying treatment is carried out on the headframe by adopting the invention, and the concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the member foundation bearing capacity calculation mechanics model is shown in fig. 3.
(2) The soil layer 9 at the lower part of the well tower foundation is similar to a horizontal soil layer, and a foundation bearing capacity calculation formula (formula 1) is established based on the compression deformation of the soil body
In the formula, F is a design value (8 in the figure) of vertical force transmitted from the upper structure to the top surface of the foundation, G is a design value of the self weight of the foundation and a standard value (10 in the figure) of the soil weight on the foundation, A is the area of the bottom surface of the foundation, and P is a theoretical value (11 in the figure) of the bearing capacity of the bearing layer.
The foundation bearing capacity required to be increased can be obtained by substituting the actual engineering parameters for calculation. When the calculated foundation bearing capacity is smaller than the actual surveyed foundation bearing capacity, the stable area can be judged, and reinforcement is not needed; and when the calculated foundation bearing capacity is larger than the actual surveyed foundation bearing capacity, judging that the area is an unstable area, carrying out reinforcement treatment, carrying out bearing capacity checking calculation on piles by a single-pile load test or a normative suggestion formula, and finally calculating the number of the needed tree root piles.
Typically, the derrick is based on a concrete structure, without a direct connection to the wellbore 6, which sits directly on the bedrock. In the project, according to related data, the distance between a bearing layer 12 and the ground surface is 31.5m, a tree root pile extends into the bearing layer by 1m, the bearing capacity of the single pile of the tree root pile is 75kN, wherein the length of an I-type tree root pile is 32.5m, mud retaining wall drilling is adopted, the length of a II-type tree root pile is 32.5m, cement slurry retaining wall drilling is adopted, the length of a III-type tree root pile is 2.5m, and cement slurry retaining wall drilling is adopted. The engineering can calculate that the engineering needs 203 pieces of I-type tree root piles 1 and 203 pieces of II-type tree root piles 2 and 25 pieces of III-type tree root piles 3, the settlement of the welltower is larger on the west side than on the east side, the overall arrangement of the tree root piles is that the east is sparse and the west is dense, the average distance of the west side is 600mm, the average distance of the east side is 800mm, the I-type tree root piles 1 and the II-type tree root piles 2 are arranged on the outer walls in the north and south according to the mode that the west is gradually sparse to the east, and the distances are 600mm → 700mm → 800mm in sequence, as shown in figure 4.
(3) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: when a drilling machine is in place to carry out pore-forming construction, a casing pipe 14 is firstly put into the hole, the casing pipe 14 is 10cm higher than the construction ground, and slurry or cement slurry is used for protecting the wall to form the hole in the drilling process, wherein the I-type tree root pile 1 is formed by using the slurry to protect the wall to form the hole, the II-type tree root pile 2 and the III-type tree root pile 3 are formed by using the cement slurry to protect the wall to form the hole, and grouting is carried out while drilling, and slurry can be fully diffused to carry out pressure grouting on surrounding.
(4) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: when the tree root pile is constructed, the length of the anchoring pile of the III type tree root pile 3 is 2.5m, and the pile length reaches the depth of 1m in the bearing platform 5. The drilling bottoms of the I type tree root pile 1 and the II type tree root pile 2 are provided with 0.8m long enlarged heads 16, the bearing capacity of the end part is enhanced, the diameter of each enlarged head is 200mm, and the method is realized by adopting water jetting and soil cutting under the pressure of 5 MPa. The construction of the steel reinforcement cage 15 adopts section-by-section hoisting, the lap joints of the steel reinforcements among the sections must be staggered, the length of a welding line is not less than 160mm (double-sided welding), a 20mm iron pipe can be adopted during grouting, two grouting pipes are placed to realize secondary grouting, and crushed stones with the particle size of 5-20mm and washed by filling water can be input for two times. The ratio of grouting water to cement is 0.45:1, 2% of the early strength agent and the water reducing agent are added, the cement is 42.5-grade sulfate-resistant portland cement, the primary grouting pressure is 0.8MPa, the primary grouting can be carried out only after the primary grouting is initially set during secondary grouting, the secondary grouting pressure is 2-4 MPa, the grouting pipe is pulled out along with the grouting during the grouting process until the cement slurry overflows from the grout overflow hole 21, and the grouting water-cement ratio is shown in fig. 5 and 6.
(5) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: when the steel bar is planted between the connecting beam 18 and the column 7 for anchoring, chiseling is carried out on a new and old combined surface of the column 7 and the bearing platform 5 in the original concrete construction, the chiseling thickness is the thickness of the protective layer, dust is removed by using oil-free compressed air after the chiseling, and then cement mortar is used for brushing for 1-2 times. The steel bar planting method is characterized in that a hole with the diameter of 32mm, which is required by steel bar planting, is drilled on the column 7 by an alloy steel drill bit, the steel bar is polished and derusted, a binder used by the steel bar planting is a Chinese A-type building structural adhesive, the glue injection amount in the hole reaches 80%, the steel bar is positioned on a template after being planted, the steel bar cannot be vibrated before the structural adhesive is completely cured, the next procedure construction can be carried out after the structural adhesive is cured, and only 1 column is allowed to be anchored by the steel bar planting at the same time. After the I type tree root pile 1 and the II type tree root pile 2 reach the maintenance strength, the pile head 13 concrete needs to be chiseled off, and the length is 0.55m, so that the subsequent anchoring can be carried out in the surrounding pile connecting beam. The design grade of the poured concrete is C30, the mixing amount of the early strength agent is 3% of the using amount of the cement, the stirring time is correspondingly prolonged by 1-2 minutes, and the cement adopts 42.5-grade sulfate-resistant portland cement until the cement reaches 1N/mm2The rear is removable as shown in fig. 7.
(6) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: the main monitoring objects of the reinforcement project are settlement of the I-type tree root pile 1 and the II-type tree root pile 2 and stress of the III-type tree root pile 3, the crown beam 19 and the coupling beam 18, the multipoint displacement meter 20 and the steel bar stress meter 17 are adopted for monitoring, and the function is to comprehensively reflect deformation and stress characteristics of the reinforcement structure and the derrick frame structure in an online monitoring mode, as shown in fig. 8.
(7) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: after the concrete curing strength of the crown beam 19 and the coupling beam 18 reaches a design value, the upper hoist can be used for deviation rectifying construction, and deformation and stress characteristics of the reinforced structure and the derrick frame structure are monitored in real time after the deviation rectifying is finished.
(8) Reinforcing a deviation rectifying treatment area aiming at a derrick: in the construction process, settlement and stress monitoring is carried out continuously, and the original monitoring points of the derrick before reinforcement are monitored continuously on the basis of the original reference points; in the construction of the root pile, if necking and hole collapse occur, the sleeve 14 is lowered to a depth below the soil layer where necking or hole collapse occurs; when the root pile is constructed, the phenomena of perforation and mass loss of grout along a sand layer are prevented, the rated grouting amount of the root pile is not more than 3 times of the volume of the pile body, when the grouting amount reaches the rated grouting amount, grouting is stopped, and the phenomena can be prevented by adopting the measures of hole-jumping grouting, intermittent construction, increasing the mixing amount of a quick-setting agent and the like.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method based on tree root piles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, aiming at the reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of the derrick, establishing a mechanical calculation model according to actual engineering, calculating the bearing capacity of the foundation and further determining the number of the tree root piles to be reinforced;
s2: aiming at a reinforcing and deviation-rectifying treatment area of a derrick, determining a tree root pile construction position, drilling and constructing, and filling by adopting reinforced concrete; after filling, releasing the slope and digging a groove according to the design, constructing a crown beam (19) and a connecting beam (18) by adopting reinforced concrete, and planting bars and anchoring the connecting beam (18) and the originally designed column (4); the stress of the tree root pile, the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18) is monitored by adopting a multipoint displacement meter (20) and a steel bar stress meter (17);
s3: after the concrete strength of the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18) reaches the design requirement, correcting the deviation once by using a hoisting machine, and continuously monitoring the stress and the deformation;
the tree root piles in the S1 comprise I-type tree root piles, II-type tree root piles and III-type tree root piles; the length of the I-type tree root pile and the length of the II-type tree root pile are determined according to the thickness and the length-diameter ratio of a stratum to be reinforced, the I-type tree root pile is used for intercepting lateral tidal water and reinforcing a foundation to prevent ground foundation soil loss caused by underground water, and the I-type tree root pile is constructed by adopting mud retaining wall drilling; the II-type tree root pile is used for reinforcing a soil body and bearing vertical load, and is constructed by adopting cement slurry wall protection drilling; the length of the III-type tree root pile is determined according to the distance between the bearing platform (5) and the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18), the III-type tree root pile is used for connecting the bearing platform (5) and the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18), and the III-type tree root pile is constructed by adopting cement paste to protect the wall and drill.
2. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 1, wherein: when the drilling construction is carried out on the tree root pile in the S2, a sleeve (14) is applied to the drilled hole, a reinforcement cage (15) and broken stones are placed, cement grout is used for filling, and the sleeve (14) is provided with a grout overflow hole (21).
3. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 1, wherein: when the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18) are constructed in the S2, the slope is set aside according to the designed width of the crown beam (19) and the connecting beam (18) to dig a groove, the tree root pile and the crown beam (19) are anchored, meanwhile, the originally designed column (4) is perforated, the steel bar is planted and anchored with the connecting beam (18), and C30 concrete is used for filling.
4. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 2, wherein: the particle size of the crushed stone is 5-20 mm.
5. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 2, wherein: the pulp overflow holes (21) are arranged in a quincunx shape.
6. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 3, wherein: when the tree root pile and the crown beam (19) are anchored, the reserved pile heads (13) are knocked off from the I-type tree root pile (1) and the II-type tree root pile (2), and the III-type tree root pile (3) does not need to be reserved.
7. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the S3, a multipoint displacement meter (20) and a steel bar stress meter (17) are adopted to monitor the settlement of the I-type tree root pile (1), the settlement of the II-type tree root pile (2), the stress of the III-type tree root pile (3), the stress of the crown beam (19) and the stress of the coupling beam (18).
8. The root-pile-based pit tower reinforcing, deviation rectifying and treating method according to claim 2, wherein: the cement slurry has a water-cement ratio of 0.45: 1.
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| CN103711146A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-09 | 成军 | Supporting pillar reinforcement underground reverse layer addition construction method |
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| CN106049973A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Inclined hole soil digging and inclination correcting method for governing coal mine rooting shaft tower inclination |
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| CN103711146A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-09 | 成军 | Supporting pillar reinforcement underground reverse layer addition construction method |
| CN103898916A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-07-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Mini-pile combined support structure and construction method thereof |
| CN106049973A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Inclined hole soil digging and inclination correcting method for governing coal mine rooting shaft tower inclination |
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| 主井架纠偏措施;王明勤等;《矿山机械》;20011130;第84页 * |
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