CN110216425A - The processing method that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread - Google Patents
The processing method that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread Download PDFInfo
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- CN110216425A CN110216425A CN201910525349.XA CN201910525349A CN110216425A CN 110216425 A CN110216425 A CN 110216425A CN 201910525349 A CN201910525349 A CN 201910525349A CN 110216425 A CN110216425 A CN 110216425A
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- screw thread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses the processing methods that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread;The present invention establishes the compensation of the motion path between large scale oil pipe and monodentate cutter based on the geometry for becoming groove width screw thread, and is completed at the same time the roughing and finishing of internal screw thread, while improving to the processing efficiency for becoming groove width screw thread.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to machining fields, become the processing method of groove width screw thread more particularly to a kind of monodentate Precision Machining.
Background technique:
The threaded connection of the change groove width of oil pipe or tracheae not only needs close connection screw thread, and intensity with higher also needs
Sealing performance with higher is wanted, this proposes higher requirement to groove width accuracy of screw machining is become.Currently, turnery processing conduct
A kind of effective ways of highly-efficient processing screw thread, but due to 2 since the length of oil pipe is larger, more than 15 meters, be relatively large in diameter, be more than
0.5 meter, be to carry out turnery processing using rack type cutter, but lathe is needed to clamp large scale oil in existing processing technology
Pipe screw thread is rotated into row turnery processing, and the kinematic chain transmitting and weight ratio for resulting in lathe change, and causes mismachining tolerance, about
Beam machining accuracy.The present invention provides the processing methods that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread, to become groove width screw thread
Based on geometry, the compensation of the motion path between large scale oil pipe and monodentate cutter is established, and is completed at the same time internal screw thread
Roughing and finishing.The present invention can effectively reduce process tool cost and improve processing efficiency.
Summary of the invention:
The invention discloses the processing methods that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread;The present invention is to become groove width screw thread
Based on geometry, the compensation of the motion path between large scale oil pipe and monodentate cutter is established, and is completed at the same time internal screw thread
Roughing and finishing.
To solve the above problems, the technical scheme is that
The processing method that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread, includes the following steps;
Step 1: obtaining the default relative position of cutter and workpiece before card engaging workpiece;In the workbench and cutter of lathe
The heart installs a noncontacting proximity sensor respectively, and detection obtains the practical relative position of cutter and workpiece after card engaging workpiece;
Step 2: obtaining relative position and the angular error of cutter and workpiece before and after card engaging workpiece;Pass through the control of lathe
Program compensates the relative position of cutter before and after card engaging workpiece and workpiece and angular error;
Step 3: becoming the processing of groove width thread size: in given change groove width screw thread, joining according to groove width Design of Screw Thread is become
Number obtains and becomes groove width screw thread minimum widith b1, maximum width b2, become the minimum-depth h of groove width screw thread1, depth capacity h2, obtain
Become groove width reach l0;Then the distance apart from screw thread initial end is that the width b (x) and depth h (x) of screw thread at x are respectively as follows:
Step 4: determining that processing becomes the cutter parameters of groove width screw thread: carrying out turning-milling complex processing: lathe using monodentate cutter
Clamp workpiece, cutter are moved along groove width thread path is become, are transported for turnery processing under the control of machine tool control system
It is dynamic, and cutter carries out spin motion under electrical spindle for machine tool effect, moves for Milling Process;Cutter is wire rod quality;Wire rod quality into
Row turning-milling complex processing, wherein the maximum width in wire rod quality for processing part is the minimum widith b for becoming groove width screw thread1, disk
Minimum-depth in milling cutter for processing part is the depth capacity h for becoming groove width screw thread2;I.e. the main cutting edge length of blade is b1,
The length of end cutting edge is h2, so that the primary processing for completing to become the groove width depth of thread of processing, realizes the roughing and essence of screw thread
Processing;
Step 5: become groove width screw thread process motion path control: due to become groove width screw thread process in, the width of blade
It is set as becoming the minimum widith b of groove width screw thread1, the screw thread needs of the width of remaining part continue to process, therefore optimize and add
Work path:
First procedure: wire rod quality is under the control of machine tool control system, with width b1It is processed along thread curve,
Complete width of thread b1Processing, it is deep that the depth of screw thread according to the variation of depth of thread curve controls cutting in machine tool control system
Degree is realized;
Second operation work: the maximum width b that remaining screw thread needs to process is calculated3;
If 1) b3Lower than b1, then under the action of machine tool control system, cutting width is controlled as thread path is according to following
Rule variation:Equally, cutting depth control is completed to become groove width screw thread according to the control of depth in the first procedure
Processing;
If 2) b3Greater than b1, then calculate in machining path l1When place, it is b that screw thread, which is left cutting width,1, it is greater than path l1Place,
Screw thread is left cutting width and is respectively less than b1, then it is i.e. 0 point with screw thread the widest part, in screw thread under the action of machine tool control system
Path 0-l1Place is according to cutting width b1It is processed, path l1The cutting width of place to screw tip becomes according to following rule
Change:l1≤x≤l0, cutting depth according to control according to the control of depth in the first procedure carry out become groove width screw thread
Processing;
3) analysis thread path 0-l1Place, if the maximum of screw thread is left working width and is lower than b1, then second operation work 1 is used
Complete the processing of screw thread;If the maximum of screw thread, which is left working width, is greater than b1, then processed using second operation work 2;
Step 3) is repeated to the processing for completing change groove width screw thread.
Further to improve, the workpiece is oil pipe or tracheae.
Further to improve, the arc radius of the blade cut sword on the wire rod quality is 0.3mm.
Further to improve, the default relative position of cutter and workpiece passes through the control system of lathe itself before card engaging workpiece
It obtains.
Further to improve, the step 2 includes the following steps: to establish coordinate system coordinate system o-x-y-z, in general seat
Under mark system, test obtains the physical location of different condition bottom tool and workpiece, i.e., on platen, with vertical direction for the side z
To, Tool in Cutting feed motion is the direction y, and Tool in Cutting depth direction is the direction x, if after lathe clamping workpiece, in x direction position
Shift error is ξx, the direction y displacement error is ξy, the direction z displacement error is ξz, moved in machine tool chief axis in x-z-plane intrinsic deflection
Angular error is ζxz, the rotational angle error of the chuck for clamping workpiece is ζxzd;
In the identification of machine tool error, ideal cutter and workpiece relative position P't-P'wX, y, the direction z position and angle
It is respectively as follows: Δ x'w-t, Δ y'w-t, Δ z'w-t, θ 'yz;P′tIt indicates in world coordinate system o-x-y-z bottom tool reference point not
The position of workpiece, P ' are installedwIndicate that work piece reference point is in the position for not installing workpiece at world coordinate system o-x-y-z;It is practical
Cutter and workpiece relative position Pt-PwX, y, the direction z position and angle are respectively as follows: Δ xw-t, Δ yw-t, Δ zw-t, θyz, PtIt indicates
In the position after installing workpiece of world coordinate system o-x-y-z bottom tool reference point, PwIt indicates in world coordinate system o-x-y-z
The position after installing workpiece of lower work piece reference point;The relative position and angular error point of cutter and workpiece before and after card engaging workpiece
Not are as follows:
ξx=Δ x'w-t-Δxw-t
ξy=Δ y'w-t-Δyw-t
ξz=Δ z'w-t-Δzw-t
ζyz=θ 'yz-θyz (1)
By adjusting compensation error ξ to cutter inside lathex, ξy, ξz, and in original control movable basis increase with
On displacement error and angular error ζxzCarry out motion compensation.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with tool of the invention
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that cutter is moved forward and backward with workpiece relative position in repacking in world coordinate system and angular error model is illustrated
Figure;
Fig. 2 is to become groove width screw thread schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the blade structure schematic diagram of wire rod quality.
Specific embodiment:
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, it should be understood that described herein
Embodiment for instruction and explanation of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
(1) after this retrofit of machine tools and after loading large scale oil pipe, changing lathe counterweight, when transmission chain is responded, right
Lathe and static error and working motion error have larger impact.This machining center is before repacking, and assembly, static state etc. are accidentally
Difference has been tested and has been compensated by internal processes, the practical relative position P of cutter and workpiece after being reequiped on its basist-Pw
With default relative position P't-P'wPosition and angular error.Before the default relative position of cutter and workpiece can be by measurement repacking
The relative position of cutter and workpiece obtains, and the practical relative position of cutter and workpiece after repacking can pass through knife after measurement repacking
The relative position of tool and workpiece obtains, and is examined by the physical location between cutter and workpiece by contactless a pair of sensors
It surveys, on the table, another sensor arrangement is in center cutter, for detecting workpiece and center cutter for a sensor arrangement
Relative position.As shown in Figure 1.
The definition of machine tool error first, if the direction x displacement error is ξx, the direction y displacement error is ξy, the direction z displacement error
For ξz, the angular error moved in machine tool chief axis in x-z-plane intrinsic deflection is ζxz, turn of the chuck for clamping large scale oil pipe
Dynamic angular error is ζxzd。
In the identification of machine tool error, ideal cutter and workpiece relative position P't-P'wX, y, the direction z position and angle
It is respectively as follows: Δ x'w-t, Δ y'w-t, Δ z'w-t, θ 'yz.Practical cutter and workpiece relative position Pt-PwX, y, the direction z position and
Angle is respectively as follows: Δ xw-t, Δ yw-t, Δ zw-t, θyz.The relative position and angle of cutter and workpiece before and after the large scale that is then loaded oil pipe
Degree error is respectively as follows:
Error caused by this part is compensated by adjusting inside lathe to knife, and in original control movable basis
More than increase displacement and angular error.
(2) become the processing of groove width thread size.In given change groove width screw thread, according to design parameter, it can be become
Groove width screw thread minimum widith b1, maximum width b2, become the minimum-depth h of groove width screw thread1, depth capacity h2, specific screw thread schematic diagram
As shown in Figure 2.In order to guarantee to be threadedly coupled the close reliable installation of installation, the depth of thread and change width for becoming groove width screw thread are
Linear change, as the length (screw thread distance) of screw thread surround oil along screw bolt for screw thread initial end to screw thread end
The distance of pipe.According to groove width Design of Screw Thread parameter is become, it can obtain and become groove width reach l0.Then apart from screw thread initial end away from
It is respectively as follows: from for the width b (x) and depth h (x) of screw thread at x
(3) processing becomes the cutter parameters of groove width screw thread.In the processing for becoming groove width screw thread, since tradition becomes groove width screw thread
Processing method is to carry out turnery processing using rack type cutter, is difficult to accurate Precision Machining and rounding off becomes the width of groove width screw thread
And depth.Secondly as tubing length is longer, it is difficult to realize which results in lathes by clamp tubing length middle position
Clamping large scale tubing spinning causes the eccentric motion of workpiece in processing, reduces the machining accuracy of oil pipe.Using monodentate cutter
Carry out turning-milling complex processing to solve the above problem, specific as follows: machine tool fixture clamps large scale oil pipe, and cutter is in Machine-Tool Control
Under the control of system, along become groove width thread path move, for turnery processing move, and cutter electrical spindle for machine tool effect under,
Carry out spin motion, is moved for Milling Process.Turning-milling complex processing is carried out using wire rod quality, processing department is wherein used in wire rod quality
Dividing maximum width is the minimum widith b for becoming groove width screw thread1, for processing part minimum-depth be change groove width screw thread in wire rod quality
Depth capacity h2.The arc radius for being mounted on the blade cut sword on wire rod quality disk simultaneously is 0.3mm, this is because in different changes
In the processing of groove width screw thread, the depth of screw thread changes, if the knuckle radius of cutting edge is small, can transition cutting edge be easy to collapse
Sword, if greatly, being difficult to meet the rounding off of screw thread bottom surface and side.The main cutting edge length that wire rod quality blade is arranged is b1,
The length of end cutting edge is h2, this can realize the roughing of screw thread in the primary processing for completing to become the slot money depth of thread of processing
With finishing, processing efficiency is improved, and the setting of end cutting edge length, then meet that the changes groove width of minimum widith processes wants
It asks.
(4) become the control of groove width screw thread process motion path.Since in becoming groove width screw thread process, the width of blade is set
For the minimum widith b for becoming groove width screw thread1, the screw thread needs of the width of remaining part continue to process, optimization provided by the invention plus
Work path is:
First procedure: wire rod quality is under the control of machine tool control system, with width b1It is processed along thread curve,
This accomplishes width of thread b1Processing, the depth of screw thread is real in machine tool control system control cutting depth according to variation in (2)
It is existing.
Second operation work: after the completion of the first procedure, the maximum width b that remaining screw thread needs to process is calculated3。
1. if maximum width is lower than b1, then under the action of machine tool control system, cutting width is controlled with thread path
According to following rule variation:Equally, cutting depth control is completed to become slot according to the control of depth in the first procedure
The processing of wide screw thread.
2. if maximum width is greater than b1, then calculate in machining path l1When place, it is b that screw thread, which is left cutting width,1, it is greater than road
Diameter l1Place, screw thread are left cutting width and are respectively less than b1, then under the action of machine tool control system, in thread path 0-l1Place is pressed
According to cutting width b1It is processed, path l1The cutting width of place to screw tip changes according to following rule:l1≤x
≤l0, cutting depth according to control according to the control of depth in the first procedure carry out change groove width screw thread processing.
3. analysis thread path 0-l1Place, if the maximum of screw thread is left working width and is lower than b1, then second operation work 1 is suffered from
Complete the processing of screw thread;If the maximum of screw thread, which is left working width, is greater than b1, then processed with reference to second step 2, then according to surplus
The working width and b of lower screw thread1Relationship carries out screw thread process with reference to 3.
According to the above process primarily to avoid workpieces processing move and cutter reciprocating motion, cause processing miss
Difference improves machining accuracy.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.Protection of the invention
Range is not limited merely to above-described embodiment, and all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention several change
Into and retouching, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the processing method that a kind of monodentate Precision Machining becomes groove width screw thread, which is characterized in that include the following steps;
Step 1: obtaining the default relative position of cutter and workpiece before card engaging workpiece;In the workbench and center cutter point of lathe
Not An Zhuan a noncontacting proximity sensor, detection obtains the practical relative position of cutter and workpiece after card engaging workpiece;
Step 2: obtaining relative position and the angular error of cutter and workpiece before and after card engaging workpiece;Pass through the control program of lathe
The relative position and angular error of cutter before and after card engaging workpiece and workpiece are compensated;
Step 3: becoming the processing of groove width thread size: in given change groove width screw thread, according to becoming groove width Design of Screw Thread parameter,
It obtains and becomes groove width screw thread minimum widith b1, maximum width b2, become the minimum-depth h of groove width screw thread1, depth capacity h2, obtain and become slot
Wide reach l0;Then the distance apart from screw thread initial end is that the width b (x) and depth h (x) of screw thread at x are respectively as follows:
Step 4: determining that processing becomes the cutter parameters of groove width screw thread: carrying out turning-milling complex processing: machine tool fixture using monodentate cutter
Workpiece is clamped, cutter is moved along groove width thread path is become, is moved for turnery processing under the control of machine tool control system, and
Cutter carries out spin motion under electrical spindle for machine tool effect, moves for Milling Process;Cutter is wire rod quality;Wire rod quality carries out vehicle
Compound Machining is milled, wherein the maximum width in wire rod quality for processing part is the minimum widith b for becoming groove width screw thread1, wire rod quality
In minimum-depth for processing part be change groove width screw thread depth capacity h2;I.e. the main cutting edge length of blade is b1, pair cuts
The length for cutting sword is h2, so that the primary processing for completing to become the groove width depth of thread of processing, realizes the roughing and finishing of screw thread;
Step 5: becoming the control of groove width screw thread process motion path: since in becoming groove width screw thread process, the width of blade is set
For the minimum widith b for becoming groove width screw thread1, the screw thread needs of the width of remaining part continue to process, therefore optimize processing road
Diameter:
First procedure: wire rod quality is under the control of machine tool control system, with width b1It is processed, is completed along thread curve
Width of thread b1Processing, the depth of screw thread is real in machine tool control system control cutting depth according to the variation of depth of thread curve
It is existing;
Second operation work: the maximum width b that remaining screw thread needs to process is calculated3;
If 1) b3Lower than b1, then under the action of machine tool control system, cutting width is controlled as thread path is according to following rule
Variation:Equally, cutting depth control is completed to become adding for groove width screw thread according to the control of depth in the first procedure
Work;
If 2) b3Greater than b1, then calculate in machining path l1When place, it is b that screw thread, which is left cutting width,1, it is greater than path l1Place, screw thread
Remaining cutting width is respectively less than b1, then it is i.e. 0 point with screw thread the widest part, in thread path under the action of machine tool control system
0-l1Place is according to cutting width b1It is processed, path l1The cutting width of place to screw tip changes according to following rule:l1≤x≤l0, cutting depth according to control according to the control of depth in the first procedure carry out become groove width screw thread add
Work;
3) analysis thread path 0-l1Place, if the maximum of screw thread is left working width and is lower than b1, then completed using second operation work 1
The processing of screw thread;If the maximum of screw thread, which is left working width, is greater than b1, then processed using second operation work 2;
Step 3) is repeated to the processing for completing change groove width screw thread.
2. the processing method that monodentate Precision Machining as described in claim 1 becomes groove width screw thread, which is characterized in that the workpiece is
Oil pipe or tracheae.
3. the processing method that monodentate Precision Machining as described in claim 1 becomes groove width screw thread, which is characterized in that the wire rod quality
On blade cut sword arc radius be 0.3mm.
4. the processing method that monodentate Precision Machining as described in claim 1 becomes groove width screw thread, which is characterized in that before card engaging workpiece
The default relative position of cutter and workpiece is obtained by the control system of lathe itself.
5. the processing method that monodentate Precision Machining as described in claim 1 becomes groove width screw thread, which is characterized in that the step 2
Include the following steps: to establish coordinate system coordinate system o-x-y-z, under world coordinate system, test obtain different condition bottom tool with
The physical location of workpiece, i.e., on platen, with vertical direction for the direction z, Tool in Cutting feed motion is the direction y, cutter
Cutting depth direction is the direction x, if being ξ in the direction x displacement error after lathe clamping workpiecex, the direction y displacement error is ξy, the side z
It is ξ to displacement errorz, the angular error moved in machine tool chief axis in x-z-plane intrinsic deflection is ζxz, for clamping the chuck of workpiece
Rotational angle error be ζxzd;
In the identification of machine tool error, ideal cutter and workpiece relative position P 't-P′wX, y, the direction z position and angle difference
Are as follows: Δ x 'w-t, Δ y 'w-t, Δ z 'w-t, θ 'yz;P′tIndicate not installing in world coordinate system o-x-y-z bottom tool reference point
The position of workpiece, P 'wIndicate that work piece reference point is in the position for not installing workpiece at world coordinate system o-x-y-z;Practical cutter
With workpiece relative position Pt-PwX, y, the direction z position and angle are respectively as follows: Δ xw-t, Δ yw-t, Δ zw-t, θyz, PtIt indicates logical
With the position after installing workpiece of coordinate system o-x-y-z bottom tool reference point, PwIndicate the work at world coordinate system o-x-y-z
The position after installing workpiece of part reference point;The relative position and angular error of cutter and workpiece are distinguished before and after card engaging workpiece
Are as follows:
ξx=Δ x 'w-t-Δxw-t
ξy=Δ y 'w-t-Δyw-t
ξz=Δ z 'w-t-Δzw-t
ζyz=θ 'yz-θyz (1)
By adjusting compensation error ξ to cutter inside lathex, ξy, ξz, and in original control movable basis more than increase
Displacement error and angular error ζxzCarry out motion compensation.
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CN113941905A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-18 | 湖南工学院 | Error and path compensation method for efficient and precise machining of ore-raising pipeline |
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CN113941905A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-18 | 湖南工学院 | Error and path compensation method for efficient and precise machining of ore-raising pipeline |
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