CN110215816A - A method of inhibit PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate - Google Patents
A method of inhibit PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110215816A CN110215816A CN201910334351.9A CN201910334351A CN110215816A CN 110215816 A CN110215816 A CN 110215816A CN 201910334351 A CN201910334351 A CN 201910334351A CN 110215816 A CN110215816 A CN 110215816A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/602—Oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/606—Carbonates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/608—Sulfates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generates, include following steps: step 1, Gu chlorine reacts: PCDD/Fs enters in flue after pyrolytic with flue gas, alkalinity additive is added into flue, it is reacted by alkalinity additive with the chloride in high-temperature flue gas, realizes the fixation to chlorine element in high-temperature flue gas；Step 2, rapid drawdown temperature: the flue gas after step 1 consolidates chlorine reaction enters the flash chamber that cross-sectional area is greater than flue cross-sectional area, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease are added into flash chamber.Technique provided by the invention and installation cost significantly reduce, easy to operate, and the generation of PCDD/Fs can be effectively suppressed, and ensure the flue gas composite environmental-friendly standard requirements of discharge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology fields, and in particular to a method of inhibit PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate.
Background technique
PCDD/Fs is the maximum organic compound of toxicity found so far, and toxicity is 900 times of arsenic, is known as
" poison in century " is by universally acknowledged level-one carcinogenic substance.Burn away the refuse, debirs, dangerous waste and medical waste etc. most
It is easy to produce PCDD/Fs.There are two significant properties by the PCDD/Fs being mixed in burning (burning) flue gas: first is that working as the flue gas of burning
Temperature reaches 850 DEG C or more, and flue gas is more than two seconds by the temperature section time, and PCDD/Fs can be decomposed all, lose poison
Property；Second is that generating PCDD/ once more in the temperature section when flue-gas temperature is down to 450 DEG C or less to 260 DEG C (relative low temperature)
Fs.Due to realizing the technology of aforementioned high-temp combustion decomposed P CDD/Fs in first comparative maturity, existing disclosed waste
The technology that relevant technology pertains only to high-temp combustion decomposed P CDD/Fs is burned, and selectivity ignores asking for PCDD/Fs low-temp recovery
Topic.
Although the PCDD/Fs in high temperature section in flue gas can be decomposed, toxicity is lost, the temperature of flue gas is wanted eventually
The row of reduction especially is easiest to generate PCDD/Fs again into air in the temperature section of flue gas cool-down to 450 DEG C~260 DEG C.
This just needs to realize can be cooled down in this temperature section with most fast speed, shorten the time for generating PCDD/Fs as far as possible, usually all
It is that PCDD/Fs generating probability is reduced using quenching method (making temperature dramatic decrease), otherwise the operation of pyrolytic PCDD/Fs will
All that has been achieved is spoiled.
The concrete operations that the quenching method that the prior art uses inhibits PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate are: using the temperature of the big temperature difference
Rapid drawdown operation, it may be assumed that cooled down by water cooling heat exchange, temperature is quickly down to 260 DEG C or less (temperature drop is about from 600 DEG C or so
340 DEG C) the quick rapid drawdown that reaches the so big temperature difference just necessarily requires sufficiently large heat exchange volume and water, and it is bound to cause and sets
Standby expensive, operating cost is high, and application risk is big, operating difficulties；And the effect for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate is also limited, also
It needing to carry out double purification, this just further increases equipment investment, and especially scavenging material consumption is huge, and operating cost is very high,
Cause the unbearable this cost of many burning projects.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the prior art inhibits PCDDs/Fs low temperature raw using traditional quenching method
At, equipment valuableness, operating difficulties, higher cost, and inhibitory effect is poor, or even can not meet environmental requirement, the present invention mentions
The method for having supplied a kind of inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature to solve the above problems to generate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method of inhibit PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, Gu chlorine reacts: PCDD/Fs enters in flue after pyrolytic with flue gas, and alkalinity is added into flue and adds
Add agent, reacted by alkalinity additive with the chloride in high-temperature flue gas, realizes the fixation to chlorine element in high-temperature flue gas；
Step 2, rapid drawdown temperature: the flue gas after step 1 consolidates chlorine reaction enters the expansion that cross-sectional area is greater than flue cross-sectional area
Capacitance device, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease are added into flash chamber.
The present invention successively realizes that the low temperature for inhibiting PCDD/Fs generates problem through solid chlorine reaction and the operation of rapid drawdown temperature:
Firstly, PCDD/Fs enters in flue with flue gas from burning (burning) device after high temperature reaches and decomposes completely, to
Alkalinity additive is added in the flue, alkalinity additive enters flue and contacts with high-temperature flue gas, makes in alkalinity additive and flue gas
Chloride react under the high temperature conditions, Cl element is fixed up, make enter it is subsequent cooling operation flue gas in be used for
The element Cl element for generating PCDD/Fs greatly reduces, and reduces the low temperature production rate of PCDD/Fs.
Due to the flue gas after solid chlorine reaction, not only content of Cl element can be significantly reduced in flue gas.And the present invention improves
The operation of rapid drawdown temperature, the main method using dilatation flow-disturbing are realized to flue gas fast cooling: on the one hand, the flue gas of certain volume is flowing
During dynamic, circulation duct section expands suddenly, then temperature can be caused quickly to reduce；On the other hand, by into flash chamber
Cooling medium is added, cooling medium reduces flue-gas temperature by directly absorbing heat with smoke contacts, while the addition meeting of cooling medium
Perturbation action is played to the flue gas of flowing, is conducive to increase heat exchange efficiency.
Preferably, in the step 1, alkalinity additive is added in flue in the form of a powder, and the partial size of powder is 50~
200 mesh.
Alkalinity additive is added in flue in the form of a powder, the smoke-shock passed through at a high speed is broken up to be mixed with flue gas
It closes uniformly, such alkalinity additive can come into full contact with the chloride in flue gas, therefore can dramatically increase solid chlorine reaction efficiency.According to
According to practical operation, the partial size of alkalinity additive powder preferably 50~200 mesh.
Preferably, in the step 1, the alkalinity additive includes CaO, CaCO3、Ca(OH)2、CaSO4；The high temperature
Chloride in flue gas includes hydrogen chloride.
Cost is relatively low for this kind of alkalinity additive, easy to operate, such as: Ca (OH)2+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O, alkalinity add
Add the main chloride hcl reaction in agent and flue gas, convert solid matter for chlorine element, realizes solid chlorine effect.
Preferably, in the step 2, cooling medium uses heat-absorbing medium and air；The heat-absorbing medium includes solid-state, half
Solid-state, liquid.
Cooling medium uses heat-absorbing medium and air simultaneously, main to enhance flow-disturbing effect by air, carries out very fast cooling,
And it generates flow-disturbing and improves efficiency；Heat-absorbing medium can be dedicated heat-absorbing material (can be recycled) or mineral aggregate or solid waste or half
Solid-state or liquid or the material of other needs dryings；The heat-absorbing medium and air of room temperature can be used in cooling medium, or adopts
With the heat-absorbing medium and air of low temperature.
Preferably, the heat-absorbing medium uses organic material of the water content after biochemical treatment.
In practical operation, the preferred semi-solid waste of heat-absorbing medium, play flow-disturbing, moisture evaporation, gas absorption the effects of, can
Cooling effect is effectively increased, the effective use of waste heat is also conducive to.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with pre- cooling step before with rapid drawdown temperature before the reaction of solid chlorine, or after solid chlorine reaction,
Make the generation temperature for being greater than PCDD/Fs into the flue-gas temperature of flash chamber input terminal.A certain amount of temperature decrease temperature difference is reduced,
Keep rapid temperature fall time shorter, further decreases the probability for generating PCDD/Fs.
It is additionally provided with pre- cooling step before with rapid drawdown temperature before the reaction of solid chlorine, or after solid chlorine reaction, is such as reduced
100 DEG C or so, by reducing flue-gas temperature in advance, conducive to the appropriate requirement reduced to rapid cooling system and technique, but drop in advance
The temperature of flue gas will be still higher than the generation temperature of PCDD/Fs after temperature, prevent from generating in pre- cooling and solid chlorine reaction process
PCDD/Fs。
Preferably, the method that pre- cooling step uses include Air-cooled Heat Exchanger cooling, water-cooled heat exchanger cooling or
Extend flue length cooling.Wherein the heat exchanger of other fluid media (medium) cooleds can also be used in water-cooled heat exchanger.
Pre- cooling is the relatively Low Temperature Difference cooling operation to flue gas, using existing some simple, cheap cooling type heat exchanges
Device or water-cooled heat exchanger it is achieved that directly extend flue length, increase the natural heat dissipation time of flue gas, improve drop
Temp effect, pre- cooling and solid chlorine are reacted while being carried out, and can be further reduced the cost.
The system for realizing a kind of above-mentioned method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate, including flue and flash chamber, the cigarette
For being passed through high-temperature flue gas, the output end of flue is connected to the input terminal in road with the input terminal of flash chamber；Flue is equipped with alkalinity
Additive entrance, flash chamber are equipped with cooling medium entrance.
Preferably, the alkalinity additive entrance is located at input terminal or the middle part of flue, and the axis of additive entrance with
The intersection of flue axis is vertical.
Preferably, the cooling medium entrance is located at the input terminal of flash chamber, and the axis dilatation of cooling medium entrance
The intersection of device input port axis is vertical.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the flash chamber is 7~12 times of flue cross-sectional area.
Preferably, a kind of system for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate further includes pre- cooling device, along flow of flue gas side
Upwards, it before the pre- cooling device is placed in flue or is placed between flue and flash chamber.
The present invention has the advantage that and the utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention injects additive in high-temperature flue and fixes chlorine element, makes the element that PCDD/Fs is generated in flue gas
Chlorine is reduced, so that generation of the effectively inhibition PCDD/Fs in low-temperature zone, simple for process, it is at low cost；
2, the present invention is by dilatation flow-disturbing, while inputting heat-absorbing medium and cold air is mixed with flue gas, arranges the realization that develops simultaneously more
The temperature decrease of very short time, PCDD/Fs generation probability are greatly reduced, and further suppress the generation of PCDD/Fs, equipment safety,
Reliably, operating cost is low, operates relative to existing quenching, and cost reduces nearly 50~70%；
3, the present invention, which is used, is easy to do compared with the pre- cooling device of Low Temperature Difference, is inexpensive, durable, good operation, improving safety；
4, the probability of present invention generation PCDD/Fs is very low, and PCDD/Fs production rate reduces 75~98%, alleviates tail end
The material consumption of PCDD/Fs purification, operating cost reduce again.
5, overall operation cost of the present invention reduces, conducive to the effect for improving environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate of the invention, and arrow direction indicates flue gas in figure
Flow direction.
Label and corresponding parts title in attached drawing: 1- flue, 2- flash chamber, 3- alkalinity additive entrance, 4- are cold
But medium inlet, the pre- cooling device of 5-.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generates is present embodiments provided, concrete operations are as follows:
Step 1, Gu chlorine reacts: the PCDD/Fs that burning domestic garbage generates is after high temperature reaches and decomposes completely with flue gas
Enter in flue from burner, flue-gas temperature is 600 DEG C, on the side wall of the input terminal of flue and is located above input terminal
Alkalinity additive powder is added, the partial size of powder is 80~120 mesh, anti-by alkalinity additive and the chloride in high-temperature flue gas
It answers, realizes the fixation to chlorine element in high-temperature flue gas；
Alkalinity additive uses Ca (OH)2, additive amount is the 3~10% of house refuse amoun, the chlorine in the high-temperature flue gas
Compound is mainly hydrogen chloride, and calcium hydroxide and hcl reaction are as follows: Ca (OH)2+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O。
Step 2, rapid drawdown temperature: the flue gas after step 1 consolidates chlorine reaction enters the expansion that cross-sectional area is greater than flue cross-sectional area
Capacitance device, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease are added into flash chamber.Cigarette after step 1 consolidates chlorine reaction
The temperature that gas enters flash chamber is 530 DEG C, makes flue-gas temperature dramatic decrease to 220 DEG C or less through the operation of rapid drawdown temperature.
For cooling medium by being added on the input terminal side wall of flash chamber or above input terminal, additive amount is life rubbish
The 20~50% of rubbish amount, the cross-sectional area of flash chamber are 10 times of flue cross-sectional area；Cooling medium is situated between using room temperature heat absorption
Matter and normal temperature air, heat-absorbing medium are organic material containing 20% moisture content.If setting cooling high-temperature fume stop to 450 DEG C~
The production rate that 260 DEG C of temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs is 99%, and in the present embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 9%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generates is present embodiments provided, concrete operations are as follows:
Step 1, Gu chlorine reacts: PCDD/Fs enters flue from burner with flue gas after high temperature reaches and decomposes completely
In, flue-gas temperature is 710 DEG C；Alkalinity additive powder is added on the side wall of the input terminal of flue or above input terminal,
The partial size of powder is 120~180 mesh, is reacted by alkalinity additive with the chloride in high-temperature flue gas, is realized to high-temperature flue gas
The fixation of middle chlorine element；
Alkalinity additive uses Ca (OH)2, the chloride in the high-temperature flue gas is mainly hydrogen chloride, calcium hydroxide and chlorine
It is as follows to change hydrogen reaction: Ca (OH)2+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O。
Step 2, pre- cooling: flue gas of the step 1 after solid chlorine reaction is passed through in cooling device, pre- cooling device is using existing
Some Air-cooled Heat Exchangers make flue-gas temperature be down to 500 DEG C.
Step 3, rapid drawdown temperature: enter dilatation of the cross-sectional area greater than flue cross-sectional area through the flue gas that step 2 cools down in advance and fill
It sets, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease is added into flash chamber, keep flue-gas temperature anxious through the operation of rapid drawdown temperature
Speed drops to 200 DEG C or less.
Cooling medium on the input terminal side wall of flash chamber or above input terminal by being added, and flash chamber is using existing
Some drum-type desiccant, the cross-sectional area of flash chamber are 7m2, flue cross-sectional area is 0.6m2；Cooling medium uses room temperature
Heat-absorbing medium and normal temperature air, heat-absorbing medium are organic material containing 20% moisture content.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
In the present embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 7%.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of method that inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generates, concrete operation method and 2 phase of embodiment
Together, difference is, in step 2, is solid chlorine reaction and pre- cooling while carrying out by increasing flue length.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
In the present embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 8%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generates is present embodiments provided, concrete operations are as follows:
Step 1, pre- cooling: PCDD/Fs enters pre- cooling from burner with flue gas after high temperature reaches and decomposes completely
In device, pre- cooling device uses existing Air-cooled Heat Exchanger, and flue-gas temperature is made to be down to 550 DEG C by initial 810 DEG C.
Step 2, Gu chlorine reacts: the flue gas after step 1 in advance cooling is passed through in flue；In the side wall of the input terminal of flue
Upper and be located above input terminal alkalinity additive powder is added, the partial size of powder is 80~120 mesh, by alkalinity additive with
Chloride reaction in high-temperature flue gas, realizes the fixation to chlorine element in high-temperature flue gas；
Alkalinity additive uses Ca (OH)2, the chloride in the high-temperature flue gas is mainly hydrogen chloride, calcium hydroxide and chlorine
It is as follows to change hydrogen reaction: Ca (OH)2+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O。
Step 3, rapid drawdown temperature: the flue gas after step 3 consolidates chlorine reaction enters the expansion that cross-sectional area is greater than flue cross-sectional area
Capacitance device, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease are added into flash chamber, make flue gas temperature through the operation of rapid drawdown temperature
Dramatic decrease is spent to 200 DEG C or less.
Cooling medium on the input terminal side wall of flash chamber or above input terminal by being added, and flash chamber is using existing
Some drum-type desiccant, the cross-sectional area of flash chamber are 7m2, flue cross-sectional area is 0.6m2；Cooling medium uses room temperature
Heat-absorbing medium and normal temperature air, heat-absorbing medium are organic material containing 20% moisture content.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
Then in embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 11%.
Embodiment 5
The system for present embodiments providing a kind of inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generation is set gradually along flow of flue gas direction
Input port is arranged in flue 1 and flash chamber 2, the axial one end end face of flue 1, and input port is used to be passed through high-temperature flue gas, flue 1
Delivery outlet is arranged in the axial other end, and delivery outlet is connected to the input terminal of flash chamber 2；Flue 1 is equipped with alkalinity additive entrance
3, flash chamber 2 is equipped with cooling medium entrance 4.Alkalinity additive entrance 3 is located at the input terminal of flue 1, and additive entrance 3
Axis intersect with 1 input port axis of flue or vertical.Cooling medium entrance 4 is located at the input terminal of flash chamber 2, and cooling
2 input port axis of the axis flash chamber intersection or vertical of medium inlet 4.The cross-sectional area of flash chamber 2 is that flue 1 is horizontal
7~12 times of sectional area.
Embodiment 6
The system for present embodiments providing a kind of inhibition PCDD/Fs low temperature generation is set gradually along flow of flue gas direction
Input port is arranged in flue 1, pre- cooling device 5 and flash chamber 2, the axial one end end face of flue 1, and input port is for being passed through high temperature
Delivery outlet is arranged in the axial other end of flue gas, flue 1, and delivery outlet is connected to the input terminal of pre- cooling device 5, pre- cooling device 5
Output end be connected to the input terminal of flash chamber 2；Flue 1 is equipped with alkalinity additive entrance 3, and flash chamber 2 is equipped with cold
But medium inlet 4.Alkalinity additive entrance 3 is located at the input terminal of flue 1, and the axis of additive entrance 3 and 1 input terminal of flue
The intersection of mouth axis is vertical.Cooling medium entrance 4 is located at the input terminal of flash chamber 2, and the axis dilatation of cooling medium entrance 4
The intersection of 2 input port axis of device is vertical.The cross-sectional area of flash chamber 2 is 7~12 times of 1 cross-sectional area of flue.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example inhibits PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate using the method for embodiment 1, and difference is: PCDD/Fs passes through high temperature
Reach and be directly entered the operation of rapid drawdown temperature from burner with flue gas after decomposing completely, is reacted without solid chlorine.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
Then in embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 55%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example inhibits PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate using the method for embodiment 1, and difference is: PCDD/Fs passes through high temperature
Reach and be directly entered solid chlorine reaction from burner with flue gas after decomposing completely, is operated without quenching.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
Then in embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 71%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example inhibits PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate using the method for embodiment 1, and difference is the addition of alkalinity additive
Technique is different, and the powder diameter that alkalinity additive is added is 5~10 mesh, and alkalinity additive is added with flue gas stream direction.
If it is 99% that cooling high-temperature fume, which is arranged, to stop to the production rate that 450 DEG C~260 DEG C temperature sections generate PCDD/Fs,
Then in embodiment, the production rate of PCDD/Fs is 51%.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, Gu chlorine reacts: PCDD/Fs enters in flue after pyrolytic with flue gas, and alkalinity addition is added into flue
Agent is reacted by alkalinity additive with the chloride in high-temperature flue gas, realizes the fixation to chlorine element in high-temperature flue gas；
Step 2, rapid drawdown temperature: the flue gas after step 1 consolidates chlorine reaction enters dilatation of the cross-sectional area greater than flue cross-sectional area and fills
It sets, and cooling medium and smoke contacts realization temperature decrease is added into flash chamber.
2. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In, alkalinity additive is added in flue in the form of a powder, and the partial size of powder is 50~400 mesh.
3. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In, the alkalinity additive includes CaO, CaCO3、Ca(OH)2、CaSO4；Chloride in the high-temperature flue gas includes hydrogen chloride.
4. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, cooling medium uses heat-absorbing medium and air；The heat-absorbing medium includes solid-state, semisolid, liquid.
5. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the heat absorption is situated between
Matter uses organic material of the water content after biochemical treatment.
6. a kind of described in any item methods for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 1~6, which is characterized in that
Gu being additionally provided with pre- cooling step before with rapid drawdown temperature before chlorine reaction, or after solid chlorine reaction, make defeated into flash chamber
The flue-gas temperature for entering end is greater than the generation temperature of PCDD/Fs.
7. a kind of method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 6, which is characterized in that pre- cooling step
The method of use includes Air-cooled Heat Exchanger cooling, water-cooled heat exchanger cooling or extension flue length cooling.
8. realizing a kind of described in any item systems for the method for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate of claim 1~7, feature
Be, including flue (1) and flash chamber (2), the input terminal of the flue (1) for being passed through high-temperature flue gas, flue (1) it is defeated
Outlet is connected to the input terminal of flash chamber (2)；Flue (1) is equipped with alkalinity additive entrance (3), and flash chamber is set on (2)
There are cooling medium entrance (4).
9. a kind of system for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the alkalinity adds
Add agent entrance (3) to be located at input terminal or the middle part of flue (1), and the axis of additive entrance (3) intersect with flue (1) axis or
Vertically.
10. a kind of system for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 8, which is characterized in that cooling Jie
Matter entrance (4) is located at the input terminal of flash chamber (2), and axis flash chamber (2) input port axis of cooling medium entrance (4)
Line intersection is vertical.
11. a kind of system for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the dilatation dress
The cross-sectional area for setting (2) is 7~12 times of flue (1) cross-sectional area.
12. a kind of system for inhibiting PCDD/Fs low temperature to generate according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include pre- drop
Warm device (5), along flow of flue gas direction, the pre- cooling device (5) be placed in front of flue (1) or be placed in flue (1) with
Between flash chamber (2).
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