CN110212659A - A kind of double salient-pole electric machine - Google Patents
A kind of double salient-pole electric machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110212659A CN110212659A CN201910440725.5A CN201910440725A CN110212659A CN 110212659 A CN110212659 A CN 110212659A CN 201910440725 A CN201910440725 A CN 201910440725A CN 110212659 A CN110212659 A CN 110212659A
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- iron core
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- winding
- double salient
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double salient-pole electric machines, primary and secondary including being salient-pole structure, it is described primary including primary iron core, armature winding and excitation unit, the primary iron core includes primary iron core teeth and primary iron core yoke, the primary iron core has U-shaped structure or E shape structure, the armature winding is arranged in the primary iron core slot formed between primary iron core teeth, and for the armature winding using centralized armature winding, the excitation unit is excitation winding or magnetic pole;Described secondary including secondary iron core and secondary windings, the secondary iron core includes secondary iron core teeth and secondary iron core yoke, and the secondary windings is arranged in the secondary iron core slot formed between secondary iron core teeth, and the secondary windings is using distributed armature winding.The present invention takes full advantage of the space in secondary, realizes the breakthrough promotion of motor torque density, the significant hot spot-effect for mitigating motor temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of motors, more particularly, to a kind of double salient-pole electric machine.
Background technique
With being constantly progressive of global science and technology, industrial rapid development, demand of the mankind for power device
Increasingly improve.With the pay attention to day by day to environmental protection, the mankind are also constantly promoting the research of environmental protection and energy saving technology, actively visit
Study carefully high efficiency energy conversion apparatus.Motor is as a kind of device for generating torque and converting electric energy to mechanical energy, each
Field suffers from irreplaceable role.On the other hand, generator can convert mechanical energy into electric energy, be mankind's activity must
It ensures.Therefore, developing New-type electric machine, the existing motor performance of promotion, the efficiency of raising motor and power output has human progress
Vital meaning.
Double salient-pole electric machine be in last century end propose a kind of New-type electric machine, possess structure it is simple, it is highly reliable, control
The advantages that flexible, and, compared to switched reluctance machines power factor high, torque ripple significant lower compared to asynchronous machine cost
It is small, therefore its noise and vibration is small.Generally speaking, double salient-pole electric machine have higher torque density, broader power conversion region,
Faster electric current commutating speed, is widely used in the occasions such as urban track traffic, electric car, aerospace, has important
Research significance.Nearly 20-30, many scholars expand extensive research to double salient-pole electric machine, including to permanent magnet on stator
The structural research of different location reduces the research of torque pulsation using skewed slot or rotor chamfering etc., by optimizing rotor pole arc
Reduce the research etc. of permanent magnet leakage field.But to so far, the stage of ripeness is had not yet been reached in progress.For most double
For salient-pole machine, their a shared feature is that rotor only includes the iron core with salient-pole structure, and rotor functions only as changing
The effect of stator flux is crossed in accommodation, and utilization rate is lower.The torque density promotion of double salient-pole electric machine has certain bottleneck, electric load
Increase also bring along winding temperature increase, permanent magnet high temperature the problems such as easily demagnetizing, greatly improve the difficulty of heat dissipation design.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of double salient-pole electric machine, takes full advantage of the space in secondary, realizes that motor torque density is broken through
Property promoted, the significant hot spot-effect for mitigating motor temperature.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of double salient-pole electric machine, the primary and secondary including being salient-pole structure are described primary including primary iron core, primary
Winding and excitation unit, the primary iron core include primary iron core teeth and primary iron core yoke, and the primary iron core has U-shaped structure
Or E shape structure, the armature winding are arranged in the primary iron core slot formed between primary iron core teeth, the armature winding uses
Centralized armature winding, the excitation unit are excitation winding or magnetic pole;
Described secondary including secondary iron core and secondary windings, the secondary iron core includes secondary iron core teeth and secondary iron core
Yoke, the secondary windings are arranged in the secondary iron core slot formed between secondary iron core teeth, and the secondary windings is using distributed
Armature winding.
In the present invention, primary iron core can be integral forming structure or partitioned organization.When primary iron core is partitioned organization
When, the primary iron core is by the primary iron core block of several pieces of U-shaped structures or the primary iron core block circumferentially group of several pieces of E shape structures
It closes.
Preferably, the side of primary iron core teeth has the small tooth knot extended into primary iron core slot on primary iron core block
Structure.
The double salient-pole electric machine constituted using the primary iron core block of E type structure or U-shaped structure, secondary windings is using distributed
Winding can obtain bigger winding coefficient, and the armature field that distributed secondary winding generates generates original motor-field
Distortion it is smaller.Under the structure of above two primary iron core block, compared using secondary distributed winding using secondary centralization
Winding can generate significantly larger torque density.
Further, compared to the double salient-pole electric machine for not having small toothing in primary iron core teeth, on primary iron core block just
The small toothing extended into primary iron core slot is arranged in the side of grade iron core teeth, makes the excitation unit negligible amounts of motor, favorably
In simplified motor manufacturing process, reduce motor cost.
Preferably, the secondary iron core is implemented as the facewidth and groove width having the same, i.e., the described secondary iron core slot
Groove bottom has same widths, and the groove bottom of the circumferentially-adjacent secondary iron core slot of any two has identical spacing.The structure is not
It only can reduce the coiling difficulty of secondary windings, but also can guarantee the balance between every phase secondary windings.
Preferably, the secondary iron core teeth is equipped with the tooth tip extended into secondary iron core slot close to the side at top.
The structure not only contributes to the fixation of secondary windings, and under the premise of tooth tip size shape rationally designs, can improve gas
The distribution of gap magnetic conductance reduces leakage field.
In the present invention, when the double salient-pole electric machine is rotating electric machine, the primary is stationary part, and the secondary is to turn
Subdivision.Stationary part is set primarily for from the aspect of two by primary:
First, amount of parts is more compared to secondary in primary, therefore, is set to stationary part and is advantageous.
For example, primary is equipped with set of excitation winding and a set of armature winding, and secondary is upper only when using electrical excitation mode
Equipped with a set of armature winding, secondary armature winding is connected to using slip ring, brush at this time and is more easily realized.
Second, in most cases, primary radiating requirements are higher, therefore, are set to stationary part, are more advantageous to cloth
Set the cooling equipment such as water jacket.
For example, needing all to control the temperature of the two when primary and secondary is equipped with armature winding, primary is equipped with magnetic pole
System in certain restrictions hereinafter, come avoid winding insulation failure, avoid permanent magnet occur irreversible demagnetization, and the limitation of the latter requirement
Harsher than the former under normal conditions, this means that the primary active cooling device for needing to be arranged higher efficiency, and secondary
Grade may can use passive type cooling.
In conclusion by primary be set as stationary part for electromechanics structure design, heat dissipation design advantageously.
When the double salient-pole electric machine is rotating electric machine, primary winding coil number is Np, excitation unit number of poles is np, primary
Winding number of phases mp, secondary windings number of phases ms, secondary iron core number of teeth ns, secondary winding coil number is Ns, meet:
Wherein, k3And k4For positive integer, HCF is greatest common divisor function.
In order to reduce the eddy-current loss of the double salient-pole electric machine, further all by the primary iron core and the secondary iron core
It is implemented as to be stacked by silicon steel sheet and be formed.
Since secondary is rotor portion, it is therefore desirable to which brush or other devices realize the input of secondary winding current and defeated
Out.
When double salient-pole electric machine work is in electric model, the secondary windings passes through brush and slip-ring device and power supply
It is connected and is powered, or the independent current source by being fixed on described secondary upper or other rotary parts is powered, or using wireless
Charging;When double salient-pole electric machine work is in power generation mode, the secondary windings is defeated by electric current by brush and slip-ring device
Out.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Compared to traditional double salient-pole electric machine, double salient-pole electric machine proposed by the invention be additionally arranged in secondary secondary armature around
Group takes full advantage of space in secondary iron core slot, so that electric machine structure is more compact.Based on secondary armature winding and reasonable electricity
Machine structure arrangement, can achieve the purpose for being obviously improved motor torque density.In the identical situation of copper loss, secondary windings is shared
Part copper loss, to reduce primary thermic load, it is whole to advantageously reduce motor for the significant hot spot-effect for mitigating motor temperature
The difficulty of body heat dissipation design is conducive to extend the insulation life of armature winding, is conducive to motor and runs steadily in the long term.
It is secondary meanwhile according to design of electrical motor experience and electromagnetic finite meta analysis as a result, for most of double salient-pole electric machines
Grade is compared using distributed winding has significantly superior electromagnetic performance using centralized winding.
Detailed description of the invention
The structure of 6 slot of primary/secondary, a 13 slot electro-magnetic flux suitching type double salient-pole electric machine in Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the tooth tip structural schematic diagram for a variety of secondary iron cores that the embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 3 is every phase magnetic linkage of primary and secondary winding linkage in the embodiment of the present invention with the variation waveform of secondary location;
Fig. 4 is that the electromagnetic torque of double salient-pole electric machine and traditional double salient-pole electric machine of the invention compares.
In figure: 1- primary iron core;111- primary iron core teeth;112- primary iron core yoke;113- primary iron core slot;114- magnetic conduction
Bridge;115- excitation winding slot;12- armature winding;13- excitation winding;2- grade iron core;211- grade iron core teeth;212 grade iron
Core yoke;213 grade iron core slots;214- tooth tip;22- secondary windings;3- axis.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it should be pointed out that reality as described below
It applies example to be intended to convenient for the understanding of the present invention, and does not play any restriction effect to it.
The double salient-pole electric machine of the present embodiment is 13 slot electro-magnetic flux suitching type double-salient-pole electricity of six slot of a primary/secondary
Machine.As shown in Figure 1, the double salient-pole electric machine includes primary, secondary and axis 3, primary and secondary all has salient-pole structure.The double-salient-pole
Motor is rotating electric machine, and primary is external stator, and secondary is internal rotor and connect with axis 3.
Wherein, primary includes primary iron core 1, armature winding 12 and excitation unit 13.Primary iron core 1 includes primary iron core teeth
111 and primary iron core yoke 112, the space between Neighboring primary iron core teeth 111 forms primary iron core slot 113.Primary iron core 1 into one
Step is circumferentially spliced by multiple E type primary iron core blocks with E type structure to be formed, and splicing part is magnetic conduction bridge 114.
E type primary iron core block refer to tool there are three primary iron core teeth 111 and be located at these three primary iron core teeths 111 it
Between two primary iron core slots 113 primary iron core block.Radially two sides are respectively provided with excitation winding slot 115 to magnetic conduction bridge 114, encourage
Magnetic slot for winding 115 is limited by magnetic conduction bridge 114 and primary iron core teeth 111.
Armature winding 12 is armature winding, and armature winding 12 is arranged in primary iron core slot 113, in primary when motor operation
Pass through alternating current on winding 12.Excitation unit in the present embodiment is excitation winding 13, and excitation winding 13 is radially across leading
Magnetic bridge 114 is arranged in excitation winding slot 115, and when motor operation, excitation winding 131 passes to DC current, for generating magnetic
?.
Secondary includes secondary iron core 2, secondary windings 22.Secondary iron core 2 includes secondary iron core teeth 211 and secondary iron core yoke
212, the space between neighboring secondary iron core teeth 211 forms secondary iron core slot 213.
Secondary windings 22 is armature winding, and secondary windings 22 is arranged in secondary iron core slot 213, in secondary when motor operation
Pass through alternating current on winding 22.
The double salient-pole electric machine of the embodiment of the present invention, the coil number of armature winding 12 are Np=6, the number of poles of excitation winding 13 is
np=6, the number of phases m of armature winding 12p=3, the number of phases m of secondary windings 22s=13, the number of teeth n of secondary iron core 2s=13, it is secondary
The coil number of winding 22 is Ns=13, k3=2, k4=1, meet following relationship:
Wherein HCF represents greatest common divisor function.
Since secondary is rotating part, it is therefore desirable to brush or other devices come realize 22 electric current of secondary windings input and
Output.
When the double salient-pole electric machine of the embodiment of the present invention works in electric model, secondary windings 22 is filled by brush and slip ring
It sets to be connected with power supply and be powered, or the independent current source by being fixed on secondary or other rotary parts is powered, or uses nothing
Line charge electricity;When the double salient-pole electric machine of the embodiment of the present invention works in power generation mode, secondary windings 22 is filled by brush and slip ring
It sets and exports electric current.
It should be pointed out that winding is not provided in the secondary of traditional electro-magnetic flux suitching type double salient-pole electric machine, and this hair
Secondary windings 22 is provided in bright embodiment in secondary, it is double further to promote electro-magnetic flux suitching type by this kind of method
The electromagnetic performance of salient-pole machine, such as the torque density of motor.
The promotion amplitude of electromagnetic performance depends on the specific structure and arrangement of electro-magnetic flux suitching type double salient-pole electric machine, should
Conclusion is equally applicable to the double salient-pole electric machine of other patterns.
It is as described below for the preferred structure and arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention:
Preferably, armature winding 12 is using centralized winding, secondary windings 22 is using distributed winding, the combination energy
The winding coefficient of motor is enough significantly improved, to realize the breakthrough promotion of motor torque density, contrast effect is referring to fig. 4.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the coil both sides of armature winding 12 are separately positioned on the primary iron core of circumferentially-adjacent two
In slot 113, the coil both sides of secondary windings 22 are separately positioned on two secondary iron cores of circumferentially-spaced two secondary iron core teeths 211
In slot 213.
Preferably, secondary iron core 2 is implemented as the facewidth and groove width having the same, i.e., the groove bottom of secondary iron core slot 213
With same widths, the groove bottom of the circumferentially-adjacent secondary iron core slot 213 of any two has identical spacing, in this way can not only
The coiling difficulty of secondary windings 22 is reduced, but also can guarantee the balance between the every phase of secondary windings 22.
Preferably, secondary iron core 2, which is further implemented as secondary iron core teeth 211 on the side at top, has to secondary
The tooth tip 214 of 213 internal stretch of iron core slot not only contributes to the fixation of secondary windings 22 in this way, and in 214 size shape of tooth tip
Under the premise of shape rationally designs, air-gap permeance distribution can be improved, reduce leakage field.
As shown in Fig. 2, (a) illustrates the secondary iron core 2 of no tooth tip in figure, (b), (c), (d) illustrated with tooth tip
Three kinds of 214,2 structure of secondary iron core.
Preferably, the circumferentially alternating variation in energization direction of excitation winding 131, forms magneticfocusing structure, improves motor
Air gap flux density.
Preferably, primary iron core 1 and secondary iron core 2 are all implemented as to be stacked by silicon steel sheet and be formed, motor can be effectively reduced
Whole eddy-current loss.
The electro-magnetic flux suitching type double salient-pole electric machine operation logic of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
When secondary is in different location, the magnetic conductance between primary iron core teeth 111 and secondary iron core teeth 211 is different, winding
Armature winding 12 and secondary windings 22 in primary iron core teeth 111 and secondary iron core teeth 211 have different coil linkage magnetic
Chain.
For armature winding 12, when secondary 211 center line of iron core teeth or secondary 213 center line of iron core slot and excitation winding
When 131 center lines are opposite, the excitation flux linkage for being wrapped in the 12 coil linkage of armature winding in the excitation winding 131 is zero.When secondary
When grade 211 center line of iron core teeth is almost aligned with 111 center line of primary iron core teeth of E type primary iron core block two sides, it is wrapped in this
The excitation flux linkage of 12 coil linkage of armature winding in excitation winding 131 is positive maximum value or negative maximum value.
For secondary windings 22, when the primary iron core teeth 111 of 22 coil axis of secondary windings and E type primary iron core block is opposite
When, the excitation flux linkage of 22 coil linkage of secondary windings is positive maximum value or negative maximum value.When 22 coil axis of secondary windings with encourage
When magnetic 131 coil in alignment of winding, the excitation flux linkage of 22 coil linkage of secondary windings is zero.
As shown in figure 3, the magnetic linkage of 22 coil linkage of armature winding 12 and secondary windings is according to close when secondary continuous rotation
Like sinusoidal rule variation, therefore near sinusoidal, ambipolar counter electromotive force can be induced.In armature winding 12 and secondary windings
When being passed through electric current in 22, so that it may realize energy converting between mechanical.
As shown in figure 4, the embodiment of the present invention is compared to the tradition electricity for being not provided with winding in secondary under the premise of identical copper loss
Magnetic flux suitching type double salient-pole electric machine has significantly superior torque density.
Specifically, average electromagnetic torque has obviously when armature winding 12 and secondary windings 22 all use centralized winding
It is promoted;And when armature winding 12 uses distributed winding using centralized winding, secondary windings 22, average electromagnetic torque has prominent
Broken property is promoted.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that
Above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all to be done in spirit of the invention
Any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of double salient-pole electric machine, the primary and secondary including being salient-pole structure, which is characterized in that described primary including primary
Iron core, armature winding and excitation unit, the primary iron core include primary iron core teeth and primary iron core yoke, the primary iron core tool
There are U-shaped structure or E shape structure, the armature winding is arranged in the primary iron core slot formed between primary iron core teeth, described first
For grade winding using centralized armature winding, the excitation unit is excitation winding or magnetic pole;
Described secondary including secondary iron core and secondary windings, the secondary iron core includes secondary iron core teeth and secondary iron core yoke, institute
Secondary windings is stated to be arranged in the secondary iron core slot formed between secondary iron core teeth, the secondary windings using distributed armature around
Group.
2. double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the primary iron core is by several pieces of U-shaped structures
Primary iron core block or the primary iron core block of several pieces of E shape structures are circumferentially composed, the primary iron on the primary iron core block
The side of core tooth has the small toothing extended into primary iron core slot.
3. double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the groove bottom of the secondary iron core slot has identical
The groove bottom of width, the circumferentially-adjacent secondary iron core slot of any two has identical spacing.
4. double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the secondary iron core teeth is on the side at top
Equipped with the tooth tip extended into secondary iron core slot.
5. double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the double salient-pole electric machine is rotating electric machine, described
Primary is stationary part, described secondary for rotor portion.
6. double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that primary winding coil number is Np, excitation unit number of poles
For np, armature winding number of phases mp, secondary windings number of phases ms, secondary iron core number of teeth ns, secondary winding coil number is Ns, meet:
Wherein, k3And k4For positive integer, HCF is greatest common divisor function.
7. -6 any double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the primary iron core and secondary iron core are equal
It is stacked and is formed by silicon steel sheet.
8. -6 any double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the double salient-pole electric machine works in electricity
When dynamic model formula, the secondary windings, which is connected by brush and slip-ring device with power supply, to be powered, or by be fixed on secondary or
Independent current source power supply on other rotary parts, or use wireless charging;When the double salient-pole electric machine work in power generation mode,
The secondary windings is exported electric current by brush and slip-ring device.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112713668A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Three-phase double-salient-pole motor with unevenly distributed stator pole widths |
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CN101546948A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 浙江大学 | Switched reluctance motor capable of actively controlling rotor vibration |
CN102684350A (en) * | 2011-03-12 | 2012-09-19 | 李贵祥 | Power generator based on double-acting iron core winding |
CN102738916A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-17 | 李贵祥 | Switched reluctance generator motor |
CN106787284A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of Modular electrical excitation biconvex electrode electric machine |
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JP2000166138A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Rotating electric machine |
CN101546948A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 浙江大学 | Switched reluctance motor capable of actively controlling rotor vibration |
CN102684350A (en) * | 2011-03-12 | 2012-09-19 | 李贵祥 | Power generator based on double-acting iron core winding |
CN102738916A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-17 | 李贵祥 | Switched reluctance generator motor |
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