CN110212517A - The distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system - Google Patents
The distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110212517A CN110212517A CN201910553014.9A CN201910553014A CN110212517A CN 110212517 A CN110212517 A CN 110212517A CN 201910553014 A CN201910553014 A CN 201910553014A CN 110212517 A CN110212517 A CN 110212517A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system, this method includes two parts of unified control method of decentralised control methodology and commutator transformer based on DC bus-bar voltage signal: the decentralised control methodology based on DC bus-bar voltage signal is the photovoltaic on DC bus, energy storage, cell of fuel cell voltage range according to locating for DC bus-bar voltage, respective operating mode is adjusted, it is common that DC bus-bar voltage is maintained to stablize;The unified control method of commutator transformer is to increase shift control link on the basis of hanging down controlling unit under voltage to obtain power control, middle straightening stream varying DC link voltage function, low-voltage direct varying DC link voltage function;When system Run-time scenario changes, commutator transformer is not necessarily to carry out the switching of control model.The present invention realizes the overall-in-one control schema of centering low-voltage direct distribution system, and without communication links, easy to accomplish, high reliablity, realizes the stable operation of mesolow direct-flow distribution system.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of distributing unified control methods of mesolow direct-flow distribution system, belong to DC distribution technology
In control field.
Background technique:
With the development of new energy, DC load and power electronic technique, direct-flow distribution system is flexible, efficient due to it
Etc. advantages be widely applied.In view of the intermittence of new energy, guarantee that the stable operation of system is most important.Mesolow is straight
Flowing distribution system has multiple voltage class, more DC bus, multiple types converter, so the method for operation of system and association
Control method is more complicated.
Currently, main research is mostly focused on the direct-current grid of single bus structure, proposes a variety of centralizations and divide
Dissipate formula control method.Centerized fusion method is generally basede on communication system, and the electric information of each module is transferred to energy management
System realizes the power-balance and optimized operation of system to obtain the control instruction of each unit in system.The control method pair
Communication dependency is high, equipment is numerous, higher cost.Decentralized control method is to be based on DC bus-bar voltage signal (DC bus
Voltage signal, DBS) distributing control be representative, the operating mode of each module, nothing are determined based on DC bus-bar voltage
It need to be in communication with each other, control simply, but scope range of the fluctuation of voltage is larger.
For commutator transformer, should have power control, the function that middle pressure is adjusted with low-voltage direct bus, but at present
Unified control method can only generally realize DC/DC converter single ended voltage and power are uniformly controlled, it is reversed to realize
It must switching control mode when voltage support.For the mesolow DC distribution that structure is complicated, distributed photovoltaic permeability is high,
Its Run-time scenario is numerous and changeable, and the control model of commutator transformer needs frequent switching, once handoff error or not in time may be used
It can lead to the collapse of whole system.So the present invention is directed to this problem, a kind of unified control of commutator transformer is proposed
Method has unified three of the above control function, no longer needs to the switching for carrying out control model.
Although currently, having the topological structure of part document centering low-voltage direct distribution system, middle pressure direct-flow distribution system
Control method, part of interface equipment and stability are discussed, but analysis mesolow direct-flow distribution system may not comprehensively
The operational modal and its control method of appearance.Patent " the multi-voltage grade direct current distribution distributed AC servo system of access distributed generation resource
Method " a kind of distributing control mode for multi-voltage grade direct-flow distribution system is proposed, commutator transformer is using constant
Voltage is than control method, and each distributed generation resource uses sagging control on DC bus, enormously simplifies complicated direct-flow distribution system
Control.But distributed generation resource is all made of sagging control, cannot maximally utilize.Consider problem above, the invention proposes
A kind of distributing unified control method suitable for mesolow direct-flow distribution system realizes the overall-in-one control schema to system.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is directed to the operation control problem of mesolow direct-flow distribution system, proposes that a kind of mesolow direct current that is suitable for is matched
The distributing unified control method of electric system, it can be achieved that distributed photovoltaic, energy storage, commutator transformer, gird-connected inverter in system
Coordinated operation under each state, and the switching without carrying out control model.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system, this method include being based on DC bus-bar voltage
The decentralised control methodology of signal and two parts of unified control method of commutator transformer: described to be believed based on DC bus-bar voltage
Number decentralised control methodology include:
The range of operation of DC bus-bar voltage operation is divided into 4 sections by 1.1, it may be assumed that
The section H2, expression is [VdcH,Vdcmax];
The section H1, expression is [VdcN,VdcH];
The section L1, expression is [VdcL,VdcN];
The section L2, expression is [Vdcmin,VdcL]。
Wherein,
VdcmaxThe ceiling voltage allowed for DC bus;
VdcHThe critical voltage of droop control mode is used for photovoltaic generation unit;
VdcNFor the voltage rating of DC bus;
VdcLThe critical voltage started to work for cell of fuel cell;
VdcminThe minimum voltage allowed for DC bus.
Photovoltaic, energy storage, cell of fuel cell voltage range according to locating for DC bus-bar voltage on DC bus, adjustment
Respective operating mode, it is common that DC bus-bar voltage is maintained to stablize;
1.2 according to the working condition of converter station, direct-flow distribution system have it is grid-connected with two basic methods of operation of off-network, it is grid-connected
The control method that photovoltaic, energy-storage units are had no effect on off-grid switching, when system grid connection operation, converter station, which uses, determines direct current
Voltage control mode, pressure DC bus-bar voltage is rated value, pressure, low-voltage direct busbar voltage in commutator transformer control in control
The per unit value of deviation mutually follows, and being equivalent to control low-voltage direct busbar voltage is rated value, so, when being incorporated into the power networks, direct current
Busbar voltage is rated value, no-voltage deviation, and photovoltaic works in maximal power tracing state, energy storage, operation of fuel cells in
Machine state;
The unified control method of the commutator transformer includes:
2.1 hang down under voltage increases shift control link on the basis of controlling unit to obtain power control, middle straightening stream female
Line voltage regulatory function, low-voltage direct varying DC link voltage function;
2.2 are calculated the per unit value of middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation, and the two makes the difference, poor
Value exports shift voltage signal, the droop characteristic of mobile commutator transformer, to automatically adjust transmission by PI controller
The size of power and direction, the final global power for realizing system are balanced;
When 2.3 system off-grid operation, DC bus-bar voltage is controlled by photovoltaic, energy storage, cell of fuel cell, direct current
Pressure, which operates in, to be allowed in interval range, due to pressing DC bus-bar voltage and low-voltage direct busbar voltage inclined in commutator transformer control
The per unit value of difference is equal, so, when side, voltage changes, commutator transformer transmits corresponding power compensation voltage change
The power shortage of side, two side bus voltages are finally stable in a new equalization point, at this point, the voltage on two side bus controls list
Member inhibits the power swing on this side or other side bus jointly;
When 2.4 system grid connections are run, middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage is controlled by converter station in rated value, due to commutator transformer
The per unit value of pressure and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation is equal in control, so, low-voltage direct busbar voltage is also rated value, this
When, photovoltaic works in maximal power tracing state, and energy storage, operation of fuel cells are in standby mode.
The distributing unified control method of the mesolow direct-flow distribution system, medium pressure DC bus-bar voltage grade
Take 6kV, 10kV, 24kV;The low-voltage direct busbar voltage grade takes 400V, 750V, 1500V.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. the present invention realizes being uniformly controlled for commutator transformer, collection power control, middle pressure are adjusted with low-voltage direct bus
Function, system operation mode variation when, without carrying out control mode switch;
2. tightly the overall-in-one control schema to modular unit each in system can be realized based on DC bus-bar voltage signal in the present invention,
Without communication links, control structure is simple, high reliablity, cost is relatively low.
3. the present invention can also further expand, increase power dispatching control on the shift control loop of commutator transformer
Ring, system have scheduling feature, based on communication links and energy management controlling unit, it can be achieved that the optimized operation of system.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the typical topology of mesolow direct-flow distribution system.
Fig. 2 is DC bus-bar voltage control method for coordinating figure.
Fig. 3 is the bi-directional voltage droop characteristic of commutator transformer.
Fig. 4 is the control block diagram of commutator transformer.
Fig. 5 is the voltage regulatory function of commutator transformer.
Specific embodiment:
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The topological structure of mesolow direct-flow distribution system is as shown in Figure 1, mesolow direct-flow distribution system includes middle straightening stream
Bus, low-voltage direct bus, commutator transformer, photovoltaic generation unit, energy-storage units, cell of fuel cell, gird-connected inverter with
And each type load.It is more flexible that the introducing of commutator transformer controls the voltage of system, also increasingly complex.
Distributing unified control method proposed by the present invention includes two parts: first is that being directed to photovoltaic, energy storage, fuel cell
The decentralised control methodology based on DBS (i.e. DC bus-bar voltage signal) of unit;First is that for the unified control of commutator transformer
Method processed.Concrete analysis is as described below.
(1) based on the decentralised control methodology of DBS:
Fig. 2 is the DC bus-bar voltage decentralised control methodology based on DBS, in figure, VdcNAnd VdcFor the specified of DC bus
Voltage and virtual voltage;VdcHAnd VdcLThe critical voltage and cell of fuel cell of droop control mode are used for photovoltaic generation unit
The critical voltage of start-up operation;VdcmaxAnd VdcminFor ceiling voltage and minimum voltage that DC bus allows, they are by permission
DC bus-bar voltage range is divided into 4 sections, i.e. H2, H1, L1, L2, respectively corresponds 4 kinds of methods of operation.
Under normal circumstances, photovoltaic works in MPPT (i.e. maximal power tracing) mode, realizes maximally utilizing for new energy,
But work as udc>udcHWhen, photovoltaic works in the sagging control model of voltage, carries out downrating.Energy storage distinguishes work in H1 and the region L1
Make in electric discharge and charged state, using the sagging control of voltage, compensates the power shortage on bus, busbar voltage is maintained to stablize.Storage
The output power of energy is limited by itself capacity, works in maximum power electric discharge and charged state respectively in H2 and the region L2.
Work as udc<udcLWhen, photovoltaic, energy storage have been unable to satisfy workload demand, and fuel cell is started to work, and busbar voltage is maintained to stablize.
According to the working condition of gird-connected inverter, direct-flow distribution system has grid-connected, two basic operating statuses of off-network, but
And off-grid switching has no effect on the control method of photovoltaic, energy storage, cell of fuel cell.Only when system grid connection is run, change
Stream station uses constant DC voltage control mode, and pressure DC bus-bar voltage is rated value in control, in commutator transformer control pressure with
Low-voltage direct busbar voltage mutually follows, and being equivalent to control low-voltage direct busbar voltage is rated value.So when being incorporated into the power networks,
DC bus-bar voltage is rated value, no-voltage deviation, and photovoltaic works in MPPT state, energy storage and operation of fuel cells in standby shape
State.
(2) unified control method of commutator transformer
The unified controller of commutator transformer needs and the droop control device Joint Designing on mesolow DC bus.It is first
First, the difference that DC bus-bar voltage deviation is real-time voltage and voltage rating is defined, due to middle pressure DC bus and low-pressure direct
The voltage class for flowing bus is different, carries out marking change processing to it, can obtain
In formula, NVMdc、NVLdcThe per unit value of pressure and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation in respectively can react direct current mother
The extent of deviation of line output power and workload demand;The voltage rating of pressure and low-voltage direct bus in respectively, VMdc、VLdcPressure and low-voltage direct busbar voltage in respectively;VMmax、
VLmaxThe maximum voltage that pressure allows with low-voltage direct bus in respectively;VMmin、VLminPressure permits with low-voltage direct bus in respectively
Perhaps minimum voltage;So NVMdc、NVLdcValue range be [- 1,1].
It is obtained by Fig. 2, DC bus-bar voltage is divided into multiple traffic coverages, and multistage is divided to carry out sagging control.In middle pressure and low pressure
A section is arbitrarily taken to be analyzed respectively on DC bus, if the section upper voltage limit is VMup、VLup, lower voltage limit is
VMdown、VLdown, then have
In formula, kMi、kLjThe sagging coefficient of pressure and low-voltage direct busbar voltage in respectively;PMdc_i、PLdc_jPressure in respectively
With the output power of i-th and j-th power module on low-voltage direct bus;Pressure and low-pressure direct in respectively
Flow the peak power output of i-th and j-th power module on bus.
According to the definition that formula (1) acceptance of the bid is changed, formula (2) is carried out to mark change processing, each power supply mould on DC bus can be obtained
The mark of block changes sagging coefficient, and the mark for summing to obtain DC bus changes sagging coefficient
In formula, NM、NLRespectively in the voltage range, middle pressure and the power supply mould that sagging control is used on low-voltage direct bus
The number of block;NVMdc、NVLdcValue range be
It carries out marking change processing respectively for multiple voltage ranges of division to connect again, NV can be obtainedMdc、NVLdcValue range
For [- 1,1].
Consider the power P of commutator transformer transmissionTIf power is transmitted to middle pressure DC bus from low-voltage direct bus and is positive
Direction then has
In formula, PMload、PLloadPressure and the total load power on low-voltage direct bus in respectively;PMcpc、PLcpcRespectively
In the voltage range, middle pressure and the general power exported on low-voltage direct bus using power limitation control power module are visually negative
Load power.
Definition
In formula, PM′load、PL′loadAfter removing constant-power power source output power, still remaining total load power, institute
With the difference of the per unit value of low pressure and middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage deviation is
NVLdc-NVMdc=(kLPL′load-kMPM′load)+(kL+kM)PT (6)
Definition
So formula (7) can be reduced to
Δ S=Δ D+NPT (8)
In formula, Δ S, Δ D respectively indicate the supply-demand difference degree between middle pressure and low-voltage direct bus.So can by formula (8)
Know, commutator transformer transimission power depends on the supply and demand deviation between middle pressure and low-voltage direct bus.As Δ S=0, it is middle pressure with it is low
Pressing the power supply difference between DC bus is 0, i.e., system realizes global power equilibrium.
Fig. 3 is the droop characteristic of commutator transformer, and sagging control formula is
In formula, kTFor the sagging coefficient of commutator transformer;For the peak power output of commutator transformer.
It can be obtained by Fig. 3, commutator transformer works in middle straightening stream varying DC link voltage mode, by adjusting transimission power PT
Stablize come pressure DC bus-bar voltage in maintaining.Under voltage hang down control ring on increase power control link, then commutator transformer from
Voltage shaping modes switch to power dispatching mode, and voltage sagging curve is moved on to dotted line, track reference power command from solid line
PTref.In centralized control system, power instruction is generally given by Energy Management System, and in distribution type control system,
It is communicated due to lacking, the power instruction of commutator transformer can only be determined according to local measurements.One reasonable Power Exchange refers to
It enables, should realize that global power is balanced (i.e. global power sharing, GPS), i.e., change traditional power control link
For shift control (i.e. shifting control) link, working principle is represented by
ΔVMdc=Δ S*GPI (10)
In formula, GPIFor the transmission function of PI controller;ΔVMdcFor voltage shift place value.The control target of the control loop is
By the way that voltage sagging curve is moved Δ VMdc, pressure is equal with the per unit value of low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation in control, thus reality
The global power of existing system is balanced.
So the working principle of unified control method is represented by
Fig. 4 is the control block diagram using unified control method.To avoid excessively shifting, need in shift terms Δ VMdcUpper increasing
Add amplitude limit link, clipping range is [- (VMmax-VMmin), VMmax-VMmin]。
When Fig. 5 show the fluctuation of low-voltage direct bus power, the voltage regulatory function figure of commutator transformer.Work as low-voltage direct
When power fluctuates on bus, low-voltage direct busbar voltage also fluctuates therewith, and shift control link is controlled by PI controller
NVLdcTrack NVMdc, transimission power size and the direction of commutator transformer are automatically adjusted, low-voltage direct busbar voltage is maintained, thus
The failure enabling capabilities and new energy digestion capability of DC bus are enhanced, the fault-tolerant power and elasticity of power grid are improved.Conversely, working as
When above situation occurs in middle pressure DC bus, regulative mode is as low pressure.Unified control method realize power control mode,
Middle pressure is integrated with low-voltage direct busbar voltage control model, these three operating modes do not have apparent distinguishing limit.
It can to sum up obtain, the overall-in-one control schema to system can be realized based on DBS in the distributing unified control method mentioned,
Without communication links, control structure is simple, high reliablity, cost is relatively low, if desired upper layer energy management, can be in existing control
It is expanded on the basis of loop.
It should be understood that above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the specific embodiment of technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitation is originally
The range of invention.After the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art to the modifications of various equivalent forms of the invention and replace
It changes and falls within protection scope defined by the claim of this application.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system, which is characterized in that this method includes based on straight
Flow the decentralised control methodology of bus voltage signal and two parts of unified control method of commutator transformer: described to be based on direct current
The decentralised control methodology of bus voltage signal includes:
The range of operation of DC bus-bar voltage operation is divided into 4 sections by 1.1, it may be assumed that
The section H2, expression is [VdcH,Vdcmax];
The section H1, expression is [VdcN,VdcH];
The section L1, expression is [VdcL,VdcN];
The section L2, expression is [Vdcmin,VdcL]。
Wherein,
VdcmaxThe ceiling voltage allowed for DC bus;
VdcHThe critical voltage of droop control mode is used for photovoltaic generation unit;
VdcNFor the voltage rating of DC bus;
VdcLThe critical voltage started to work for cell of fuel cell;
VdcminThe minimum voltage allowed for DC bus.
Photovoltaic, energy storage, cell of fuel cell voltage range according to locating for DC bus-bar voltage on DC bus, adjustment are respective
Operating mode, it is common that DC bus-bar voltage is maintained to stablize;
1.2 according to the working condition of converter station, direct-flow distribution system have it is grid-connected with two basic methods of operation of off-network, it is grid-connected with from
The switching of net has no effect on the control method of photovoltaic, energy-storage units, and when system grid connection operation, converter station, which uses, determines DC voltage
Control mode, pressure DC bus-bar voltage is rated value, pressure, low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation in commutator transformer control in control
Per unit value mutually follow, be equivalent to control low-voltage direct busbar voltage be rated value, so, when being incorporated into the power networks, DC bus
Voltage is rated value, no-voltage deviation, and photovoltaic works in maximal power tracing state, and energy storage, operation of fuel cells are in standby shape
State;
The unified control method of the commutator transformer includes:
2.1 under voltage hang down controlling unit on the basis of increase shift control link obtain the side of being uniformly controlled of commutator transformer
Method integrates power control, middle straightening stream varying DC link voltage, low-voltage direct varying DC link voltage function;
2.2 are calculated the per unit value of middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation, and the two makes the difference, difference warp
Cross PI controller output shift voltage signal, the droop characteristic of mobile commutator transformer, to automatically adjust transimission power
Size and direction, the final global power for realizing system it is balanced;
When 2.3 system off-grid operation, DC bus-bar voltage is controlled by photovoltaic, energy storage, cell of fuel cell, DC voltage fortune
Row is allowing in interval range, due to pressing DC bus-bar voltage and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation in commutator transformer control
Per unit value is equal, so, when side, voltage changes, commutator transformer transmits corresponding power compensation voltage change side
Power shortage, two side bus voltages are finally stable in a new equalization point, at this point, the voltage control unit on two side bus,
Inhibit the power swing on this side or other side bus jointly;
When 2.4 system grid connections are run, middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage is controlled by converter station in rated value, since commutator transformer controls
The per unit value of middle pressure and low-voltage direct busbar voltage deviation is equal, so, low-voltage direct busbar voltage is also rated value, at this point,
Photovoltaic works in maximal power tracing state, and energy storage, operation of fuel cells are in standby mode.
2. the distributing unified control method of mesolow direct-flow distribution system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states middle pressure DC bus-bar voltage grade and takes 6kV, 10kV, 24kV;The low-voltage direct busbar voltage grade take 400V, 750V,
1500V。
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CN111245023A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-05 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Microgrid parallel-parallel operation switching system and switching method |
CN111446735A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Control system and method for photovoltaic medium-voltage distributed system |
CN111525621A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-11 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Distributed coordination control method and system for building group direct current power distribution system |
CN111900710A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 宁波市电力设计院有限公司 | Grid-connected direct-current micro-grid coordination control method |
CN112736892A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 丽水市普明电力建设工程有限公司 | Coordination control method for preventing voltage of direct current power grid from exceeding limit |
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CN111446735A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-24 | 清华大学 | Control system and method for photovoltaic medium-voltage distributed system |
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CN111525621A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-11 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Distributed coordination control method and system for building group direct current power distribution system |
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CN111900710A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 宁波市电力设计院有限公司 | Grid-connected direct-current micro-grid coordination control method |
CN111900710B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2024-06-07 | 宁波市电力设计院有限公司 | Grid-connected direct-current micro-grid coordination control method |
CN112736892B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 丽水市普明电力建设工程有限公司 | Coordination control method for preventing voltage of direct current power grid from exceeding limit |
CN112736892A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 丽水市普明电力建设工程有限公司 | Coordination control method for preventing voltage of direct current power grid from exceeding limit |
CN113098049A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-07-09 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Spacecraft power supply system based on droop control |
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