CN110208310A - A kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measuring method and device - Google Patents
A kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110208310A CN110208310A CN201910514745.2A CN201910514745A CN110208310A CN 110208310 A CN110208310 A CN 110208310A CN 201910514745 A CN201910514745 A CN 201910514745A CN 110208310 A CN110208310 A CN 110208310A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/12—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of critical point; of other phase change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measuring method and devices, and the crane of upper fixing element is set including upper end, and upper fixing element, which is hung, sets sample, and sample lower end, which is hung, sets weight linear meter and mark；Heating Cup is set below upper fixing element, crane, which moves down, immerses sample in heat medium；Heating Cup is intracavitary in " convex " shape, the observation that mark puts in Heating Cup lower end；Observe chamber peripheral hardware camera and light source；Heater and temperature sensor are set in Heating Cup；Heat medium heating, records sample deformation quantity variation with temperature, until deformation stops, record starts deformation, rapid deformation and stops temperature at transform node, completes the measurement to flexible material shrinkage temperature.It, which can be recorded leather by visual and is heated in the medium, generates the process for effectively shrinking deformation and constant-tension state always in setting, to obtain the accurate temperature at contraction moment by temperature sensor and be locked and shown and as its shrinkage temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flexible material heat stability test technical fields, are related to a kind of contactless flexible material contraction temperature
Spend measuring method and device.
Background technique
Shrinkage temperature be the chemical field characterized by collagen leather and bioengineering field heart valve with
And the other materials such as rubber all have the important physical parameter detecting project of flexibility characteristics, in particular to soft in mechanical properties
Property material sample in continuous uniform temperature-rise period by it is damp and hot influence start to shrink environment temperature corresponding to the deformation moment, this
It is that chemical bond is by damp and hot and fracture external manifestation in flexible material internal structure, so belonging to the intrinsic spy of flexible material itself
Property.By accurately detecting its shrinkage temperature, the kneading situation and hot wet stability of the flexible material will be directly reflected, for kneading
Chemical materials and environmental condition determine that providing data supports in technique, are also further processing production flexible material product or use
Way selection provides guidance, so the shrinkage temperature for accurately and conveniently detecting flexible material sample has great practical value, under
Face is only illustrated by taking time-honored leather shrinking temperature as an example.
It is provided at present according to relevant national standard, produces 50* first, in accordance with standard requirements in leather shrinking temperature detection
3mm2Sample and be fixed, then sample is placed in glycerol or other heat mediums the contraction deformation that generates after being heated
Signal is supplied to single-chip microcontroller and the real-time temperature of heat medium that locks at once is exactly the shrinkage temperature of the flexible material sample.Its
Specific implementation process is fixed and other end setting mark in wherein one end of flexible material sample, detect the movement of mark away from
From ----displacement is generated as its contraction deformation characterization；Regulation is needed using three grams of identical tensions during measuring shrinkage temperature
Sample is set to be in extended state to guarantee the accuracy of determination data；In order to obtain displacement signal in real time, usually in continuous mode
In generally require will to indicate and exported by associated component to outside heating container, then more easily demarcated (original finger in standard
Pin type) or signal acquisition (the MSW-YD4 electronic type generally used), leather also needs to overcome correlation in deformation process at this time
The effect of the frictional force necessarily led to when mechanical transfer component movement, so that being difficult to meet three grams of identical tensions in engineering
Testing conditions, and frictional force often is difficult to meet testing conditions, institute close to even greater than three grams of identical tensions under normal conditions
To have become the long-standing technical problem for causing to detect shrinkage temperature error.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measuring method and dress
It sets, leather sample can be recorded by visual and is heated to generate in heat medium and effectively shrinks the process of deformation and makes its beginning
It is in three grams of constant-tension states eventually, then the accurate temperature at contraction moment is obtained as its shrinkage temperature by temperature sensor.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device is equipped with the crane of upper fixing element including upper end, on
Fixing piece is hung oneself equipped with sample, and sample lower end is hung by lower fixing piece and is equipped with mark；The lower section of upper fixing element is equipped with for installing
Heat medium, Heating Cup, sample is located at heat medium liquid level or less；Heating Cup includes heating chamber and is connected to heating chamber bottom
Observation chamber, heating chamber and observation chamber in fall " convex " shape, mark put in observation it is intracavitary；It is respectively equipped on the outside of observation chamber towards mark
Camera and light source；The heater and temperature being fixedly connected on crane and extend into Heating Cup are additionally provided with above Heating Cup
Spend sensor.
Further, the weight linear meter being equipped with across the bottom plate being fixed on crane, mark are hung in lower fixing piece lower end
It is located at weight linear meter lower end.
Further, the background light source that light source includes and camera is not ipsilateral in observation chamber, and observed with camera
The annular light source of chamber same side；Background light source uses plane purple light source；Annular light source and camera are coaxially disposed.
Further, indicate for the specific shapes thin slice such as triangle, it is red reflectance coating that mark, which is equipped with color,.
Further, upper fixing element is upper hook, and lower fixing piece is lower draw-bar；Crane upper end is transversely arranged to be had on multiple
It links up with, is corresponded on lower draw-bar and upper hook longitudinal direction, mark is observing intracavitary transversely arranged setting.
Further, crane upper end is connected with upper mounted plate, and upper hook, temperature sensor and heater are fixedly connected on
Upper mounted plate lower end.
Further, crane bottom end is equipped with operation panel, is additionally provided on operation panel for showing that camera is obtained
The display screen of mark displacement is taken, the crawl rising switch and crawl down switch of control linear motor are additionally provided on operation panel,
Start detection switch and the power switch of device behind is set.
Further, heater is L+U type structure, and the U-shaped part of horizontal distribution and beginning is arranged in the heating wire of heater
Eventually in underloading working condition.
A kind of shrinkage temperature measuring method applied to shrinkage temperature measurement device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: sample preparation: cutting the standard examination with holes of two groups of dumbbell shapes in flexible material mutually orthogonal direction respectively
Sample, every group of sample are multiple；
Step 2: Gu sample: it turns on the power switch, operates crawl rising switch crane and be increased to extreme higher position, successively will
The both ends of each sample, which are hung on, to be completed to fix on upper fixing element and lower draw-bar；Sample is under natural counterweight mode by gram perseverance simultaneously
Tension stretched vertically；
Step 3: the Heating Cup equipped with heat medium: being placed on setting position, pin decline point driving switch by hand by leaching sample,
Crane is slowly decreased until the lowest point of setting, and while sample immerses in heat medium, mark protrudes into observation chamber
And meet the lower part that mark is in camera view range；
Step 4: test sample: heating heat medium, record mark displacement variation with temperature value, until flag bit
Move stop, record mark start displacement, fast offset and stop displacement node at temperature to get to sample deformation quantity with temperature
Changing value and sample start deformation, quick deformation and stop temperature at deformation node, wherein rapid desufflation node is corresponding
Temperature is exactly shrinkage temperature, completes the measurement to flexible material shrinkage temperature.
Further, the heat medium being added in step start to detect temperature lower than prediction 10 DEG C of shrinkage temperature with
On；Heat medium liquid level is higher than sample tip height 30mm or more.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
A kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measuring method provided by the invention and device, two groups of preparation are mutually hung down
The dumbbell shape sample of the upward two ends setting hanging hole of histogram, is then fixed on upper fixing element and lower fixing piece for sample hanging sample mode
On, then crane, which moves downward, immerses sample in heat medium, indicates while extending into and observes intracavitary and enter camera
Field range；It heats up to heat medium, the mark being connected with lower fixing piece is same upwards in flexible material sample contraction distortion
When be subjected to displacement, mark displacement directly observed by camera, record different deformation amount corresponding to real time temperature, until examination
Deformation occurs for sample；Record sample starts deformation, rapid deformation and stops temperature at transform node, completes to receive flexible material
The measurement of contracting temperature；It realizes that flexible material remains identical tension as defined in standard during entire contraction distortion, ensure that
The accuracy of shrinkage temperature measurement；Meanwhile the present apparatus is compared with other any devices using extraction type displacement sensor structure
Compared with, in heat medium directly to be freely suspended from sample lower end mark by vision technique acquisition displacement signal side
Method above realizes the testing requirements that sample in detection process is in 3 grams of identical tensions always from theoretical and practical combination for the first time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the detection part schematic diagram of the present apparatus；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the present apparatus；
Fig. 3 is electrical bar structure chart；
Fig. 4 is the image information that the present apparatus obtains；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present apparatus detects displacement signal in image information.
Wherein, 1- crane, 2- upper hook, 3- lower draw-bar, 4- sample, 5- mark, 6- weight linear meter, 7- Heating Cup, 8- add
Hot chamber, 9- observe chamber, 10- heat medium, 11- upper mounted plate, 12- bottom plate, 13- camera, 14- light source, 141- background
Light source, 142- annular light source, 15- heater, 16- temperature sensor, 17- pedestal, 18- operation panel, 19- display screen, 20- point
Dynamic rising switch, 21- clinching, 22- crawl down switch, 23- start detection switch, 24- power switch.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of contactless leather shrinking temperature measurement device, including upper end are equipped with upper fixing element
The crane 1 of upper hook 2, crane 1 are connected on pedestal 17 by linear motor, and linear motor drives the longitudinal fortune of crane 1
It is dynamic；Upper hook 2 is hung oneself equipped with sample 4, and the lower section of upper hook 2 is equipped with the Heating Cup 7 for installing heat medium 10, and 4, sample
Below 10 liquid level of heat medium；4 lower end of sample is hung by lower fixing piece lower draw-bar 3 equipped with sample 4, and heater 15 is U-shaped electricity
Hot pin, the weight linear meter 6 being connected with 3 lower end of lower draw-bar successively pass through slide opening in the U-shaped space and bottom plate 12 of U-shaped electrical bar
Triangular mark 5 is connected by flexible cord again afterwards, the tension that 4 lower end of sample is subject to is lower draw-bar 3, weight linear meter 6 and mark 5
The difference for the buoyancy that the heat medium 10 that total force is subject to them is subject to is three grammes per square metre force value sizes to guarantee checking process pilot scale
Sample 4 is in three grams of tension states always；Heating Cup 7 it is specific as shown in Figure 1, include stainless steel heating chamber 8 and with 8 bottom of heating chamber
In " convex " shape, mark 5 is put in observation chamber 9 for the transparent observation chamber 9 of connection, heating chamber 8 and observation chamber 9, heating chamber 8 and observation
9 cambered surface transition of chamber and 8 bottom end of heating chamber and horizontal direction angle are greater than 45 degree, keep mark 5 suitable when detecting whereabouts each time
Benefit enters in observation chamber 9, even if seeing in dropping process since possible shaking generates still to be able to slide into slightly offset from the case of
It examines intracavitary；Observation chamber 9 in glycerol background only 1.5 mm of thickness and purple planar back-light 141 irradiation under reach fine
Pellucidity, leather is converted to mark 5 length travel by pyrogenetic contraction deformation, and weight linear meter 6 uses stainless steel bar, passes through
Stainless steel bar not only realizes weight balance function, reaches for the sheet of mark 5 to further decrease glycerol thickness in observation chamber 9
It improves its transparency and creates necessary condition, stainless steel bar is in the upper mounted plate 11 and bottom plate 12 with a thickness of 5 millimeters
On slide opening in oriented sliding ensure that the mutual setting position of sample 4, detect multiple marks simultaneously for camera 13
Will 5 provides strong support.
Further, sample 4 is set as dumbbell shaped, not only for convenience of upper hook 2 and lower draw-bar 3 to the fixation side of sample 4
Formula creates condition, and is efficiently solved in shrinkage temperature continuous mode by way of reducing pressure increasing hanging hole diameter
Middle upper hook 2 causes the possibility of sample 4 to tear and influences to detect in the junction with sample 4 with lower draw-bar 3 since pressure is excessive
The consequence being normally carried out, the circular diameter that 4 two end of dumbbell shape shape sample is such as arranged is 6mm, in-between hanging hole diameter 2mm；Counterweight
The total weight of bar 6 and mark 5 forms the gravity value for being three grams to the net pulling force of sample 4 after subtracting the buoyancy of heat medium 10,
Testing conditions are not only met, but also make sample 4 in the detection process always in this idealization free suspension state；It protects
Sample 4 has been demonstrate,proved always under the Standard Test Conditions that constant-tension is three grammes per square metre power sizes, so that detection data has power
Prestige.
Further, as shown in figures 1 and 3, lower draw-bar 3, weight linear meter 6 and mark 5 etc., which are structure as a whole, to form standard and matches
Weight bar 6；Heat medium 10 is glycerol, and weight linear meter 6 is the stainless steel bar of diameter 3mm, observes chamber 9 width 1.5mm, depth 35mm,
Length 100mm.Mark 5 is 0.5 mm of thickness triangular, and image of the mark 5 in glycerol is very clear, and interface is clearly demarcated；
The heater 15 and temperature sensor 16 for being fixedly connected on crane 1 and extending into Heating Cup 7 are additionally provided on sample 4, temperature
Spend 16 model PT1000 of sensor.Heater 15 is specifically designed as L+U shape electrical bar structure, specific as shown in Figure 3.It is wherein electric
The horizontal segment of hot pin is U-shaped and heating wire is only distributed only in this part, guarantees to add when not having to blender by this method
The uniformity of the Temperature Distribution of hot 7 inside heat medium 10 of cup, and in order to effectively prolong the service life, the heating wire of electrical bar
It is set as working in light-load state always, such as makes normal output power 300W but real work output work using special designing
The method of the state of rate 200W effectively prolongs its service life.In addition heating wire is only distributed in U-shaped horizontal segment heating structure
It is arranged and does not generate in vertical component using conducting wire the special designing of heat, not only facilitate weight linear meter 6 passes through its U-shaped
Space, and ensure that the sample being fixed on right above it 4 is heated always in the case where forming Natural Circulation after glycerol is heated
Uniformity coefficient can satisfy about 4 two technical requirements of the end temperature difference less than 1 DEG C of sample, so as to avoid setting for agitating device
It sets, simplifies system structure.It is evenly heated the heat medium 10 of 4 two sides of sample, and automatic temperature control system control heating
Stick guarantees heat medium 10 with 2 DEG C/min constant heating rates sintering；Temperature sensor 16 and the camera shooting in 4 height middle position of sample are set
First 13 and back-end image processing unit output end be connected with single-chip microcontroller, camera 13 by mark 5 in real time acquisition sample 4
Product contraction distortion-displacement signal, temperature sensor 16 incudes temperature at this time and is recorded by single-chip microcontroller, then in display screen 19
It is upper display deformation and temperature curve graph and establish corresponding database and lock its contraction according to examination criteria relevant regulations
Temperature etc., this is technical means commonly used by such a person skilled in the art, is repeated no more herein.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, the upper mounted plate 11 of 1 upper end of crane, upper hook 2, temperature sensor 16 and heating
Device 15.Under the drive of linear motor, upper mounted plate 11 occurs longitudinal movement and sample 4 is driven to protrude into Heating Cup 7 crane 1
It is interior, while temperature sensor 16 and heater 15 also protrude into Heating Cup 7；
As shown in Figure 1, light source 14 uses background plane light source 14, background plane light source 14 uses purple light source 14.Mark 5
For triangle or circle, mark 5 is equipped with reflectance coating, and the color of reflectance coating is red or yellow.The red on mark 5 surface
Reflecting coating keeps its image protrusion in glycerol very clear, and interface is clearly demarcated；Mark 5 surface is for pure red or gilvous and originally
The special shapes such as the specific triangle of body or circle make to sink in 13 visual field of camera in mark 5 and heat medium 10
The sundries such as scurf differentiate, to guarantee to be detected the uniqueness of mark 5.In order to realize the smooth acquisition of image, setting is simultaneously
Reached by way of reducing noise and improving signal and effectively improve the target of signal-to-noise ratio: first by transparent observation chamber 9 after
The mode of face setting background light source 141 further increases its transparency on the basis of reducing 10 thickness of heat medium as far as possible and comes
Reduce background noise；It then is in order to which rising mark 5 improves signal, in order to reducing using front setting annular light source 142
The influence of 7 wall of cup of Heating Cup and black heat medium 10 to measurement result, is arranged reflectance coating on mark 5；Reflectance coating is anti-
The light for penetrating the irradiation of visible light source 14 makes mark 5 more in closing darkroom space in the way of reflectance coating transmitting visible light
Protrude from background；To preferably realize that signal acquisition and image procossing are paved the way.Wherein light source 14 uses background plane light
Source 14, the use purple light source 14 of background plane light source 14,14 penetrability of purple light source is stronger, can preferably solve glycerol conduct and add
Pullous background color is connect when thermal medium 10 and converts to obtain transparency more Gao Wenti, is more advantageous to camera 13 and is found mark wherein
The target of will 5.In addition, the color of reflectance coating is red or yellow.Red or yellow reflectance coating is mark 5 in black glycerol
Target is more obvious under background, to protrude mark 5 more in order to detecting.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, 1 upper end of crane is transversely arranged multiple upper hooks 2, lower draw-bar 3 and upper hook 2
It is corresponded on longitudinal direction, mark 5 transversely arranged setting in observation chamber 9；The present apparatus is set to survey simultaneously to multiple samples 4
It is fixed.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2,1 bottom end of crane is equipped with operation panel 18, also sets up on operation panel 18
There is a display screen 19 for showing displacement information acquired in camera 13, i.e. the information that varies with temperature of 4 deformation of sample；Finally
The curve graph that output 4 deformation of sample varies with temperature, shows that each 4 deformation quantity of sample and local environment temperature change with time
The data of curve and key node understand Detection progress state and related data etc. in order to which experimenter observes at any time；Operation
The crawl rising switch 20 and crawl down switch 22 of control linear motor are additionally provided on panel 18, wherein using inching button master
The person that is imperative operation of syllabus during this period always must hand just can guarantee the mode of operation of continuous ascending motion without departing from switch,
Emphasize that its eye guarantees to pay close attention to whether position between Heating Cup 7 and crane 1 is aligned always during lifting, avoids using general with this
It opens up pass and starts once to lead due to continuing rising when the deviation normal position such as inclination in automatic uphill process in Heating Cup 7
It causes the two that may answer back to impaired phenomenon to occur；And linear motor drives and controls the upper of the drive upper mounted plate 11 of crane 1
Link up with 2,15 longitudinal movement of temperature sensor 16 and heater.Start detection switch 23, control in 18 front setting of operation panel
Camera and 13 and relative recording equipment work starting, device behind setting power switch 24, control the power supply of the present apparatus.
Further, Heating Cup 7 is that heating chamber 8 and observation chamber 9 are bonded using high temp glass glue, wherein heating chamber
8 are made by stainless steel, observe chamber 9 for transparent material quartz glass resistant to high temperature production, this is because if all using resistance to
The quartz glass production of high temperature becomes all transparent, and not only complex process is at high cost, and there is still a need for cover again on the outside of heating chamber 8
One stainless steel sleeve is in order to which hand is taken and places and carries out protecting frangible glass container.Add respectively so being divided into two kinds of materials
Work recycles high temp glass gluing knot after completing, and realizes the high performance-price ratio of Heating Cup 7 while meeting practicability.
The front and back space length for wherein observing chamber 9 is the smaller the better but have to be larger than 1 millimeter of mark 5 thickness or more, to guarantee that mark 5 exists
Always free suspension state is in glycerol.As the stainless steel triangular of mark 5 with a thickness of 0.5 millimeter in this example,
The width for observing 9 transparent cell of chamber is 1.5 millimeters, after using 1 year 10 black glycerol of heat medium, test result
Still good transparent effect is presented, has reached target.
As shown in figure 4, camera 13 can get the image information of four marks 5 simultaneously.
As shown in figure 5, taking M frame image and M+1 frame image for camera 13, the pixel size of image is
480*640, it can every image is divided into 480 column and 640 rows according to pixel；It can be seen that mark 5 is located at N from image
+ 2 rows, when temperature reaches the temperature of the contraction of sample 4, No. second sample 4 starts to shrink upwards at the M+1 frame moment, i.e. mark 5
It sets and and then rises to N+1 row immediately, that is, generate the displacement of a pixel；Continuously in scanning process according to as defined in standard
Shrinkage temperature definition combines corresponding temperature signal, and single-chip microcontroller is so as to being easy to obtain the shrinkage temperature of the sample 4；With this
Analogize, the shrinkage temperature of other samples 4 can be measured.In order to improve the precision of shrinkage temperature measurement, the higher pixel of use is taken the photograph
As head 13, the displacement of the contraction distortion observed will be more accurate, and the accuracy of the shrinkage temperature finally measured will be higher.Such as
The pixel of every frame image is if 960*1280, when the field range of camera 13 is 25*25mm2When, then each pixel represents real
The 0.02mm on border is the precision of its displacement detecting.
The present apparatus is directly obtained the mark 5 for being freely suspended from 4 lower end of sample by vision technique in heat medium 10
The method of displacement signal above realizes sample 4 in detection process from theoretical and practical combination for the first time and is in 3 grams of identical tensions always
Testing requirements efficiently solve the new problem for indicating signal acquisition difficulty in thus bring complex background environment again simultaneously.
It is directly detected for the vision technique of the direct suspended counterweight bar 6 in 4 lower end of sample and mark 5 and shrinks deformation (displacement) side
Although method solves the testing conditions that sample is in 3 grams of constant-tensions always very well, the work of heat medium 10 is brought simultaneously
Lead to the new technical problem of mark 5 displacement signal acquisition difficulty for the uncertainty of target background.In order to effectively solve target
Noise big the phenomenon that even mark 5 may be submerged in the background in locating background complexity bring continuous mode；In the present apparatus
Good effect, concrete measure are obtained by way of reducing noise and enhancing signal simultaneously are as follows:
1, increase heat medium 10 in camera 13 transparency with reach reduce background noise target.Concrete measure
It is the black glycerol for having used the long period to be changed into the new glycerol high for transparency, thus to be accurate and reliable real-time
Displacement signal is obtained to create conditions；But for using above method testing cost for unit too high, so reducing as far as possible
10 thickness of heat medium is the basic skills for increasing by 10 transparency of heat medium in observation chamber 9；It recycles on this basis special
The purple planar back-light 141 of door setting further increases transparency of the heat medium 10 as target background, to solve
Target background is complicated and problem that bring continuous mode noise is big；Mark 5 is selected as the thin slice of 0.5 mm of thickness, camera
1.5 millimeters of the glycerol thickness of 13 field ranges.Experiments have shown that having used 1 year black glycerol thick herein in this case
Extraordinary transparency state is still presented when spending；
2, the shape and optical characteristics for improving mark 5 more to protrude from background and reach the mesh for improving displacement signal
Mark.Reflectance coating resistant to high temperature is applied particular by mark 5 surface, in conjunction with the annular light source 142 ipsilateral with camera 13
The more prominent mark 5 in heat medium 10 of the method for irradiation；Simultaneously mark 5 surface reflection coating be particularly configured to it is red or
Yellow and its shape are set as the special shapes such as triangle or circle, make mark 5 that can also be different from heat medium 10
The sundries such as the scurf within the scope of to camera view, guarantee mark 5 uniqueness, enable mark 5 accurately identify and
Improve its anti-interference ability.
In addition, surrounding the main mating improved technology of the above core technology also:
1, L+U type electrical bar gently loads heating technique.
Heater 15 is using using the L+U shape electrical bar structure being specially arranged, and wherein the horizontal segment of heating rod is U-shaped and electricity
Heated filament is only distributed only in this part, and in order to effectively prolong the service life, and electrical bar uses works in light load shape always
The side of state (such as making the electric heater of normal output power 300W but always work in the state of output 200W using special designing)
Method prolongs the service life.In addition the horizontal segment of heating rod is the structure setting of U-shaped, not only facilitates smoothly wearing for weight linear meter 6
It crosses, and ensure that and be fixed on the sample 4 right above weight linear meter 6 in the case where forming Natural Circulation after glycerol is heated, heating
Medium 10 is heated evenly always can satisfy technical requirements, and about 4 two end temperature difference of sample is less than 1 degree, so as to avoid stirring
The setting for mixing stick simplifies system structure, and this detection mode only needs 400 grams or so heat mediums 10 every time now,
It is all usually for 1000 grams of heat mediums 10 relative to originally, host power consumption reduces half.
2, the transparent observation chamber 9 in convex-down heating container and heating chamber 8 bond composite construction technology
If routinely heating container, which is all become using quartz glass resistant to high temperature production, is all presented transparent feature,
Not only complex process is at high cost, if wherein observation chamber 9 needs transparent functional, 8 part of heating chamber does not need transparent functional, and
This structural outer needs to cover the stainless steel sleeve with hand handle and support leg also still in order to take to 7 hand of Heating Cup and steady
Place and carry out calmly the Heating Cup 7 of protection glass material.Two kinds thus are divided into heating chamber 8 and observation chamber 9 in the present invention
Processing and fabricating recycles high temp glass gluing knot to get up to material after the completion respectively, realizes the high performance-price ratio of heating container while expiring
Foot practicability.Be connected with each other that part is non-horizontal in convex-down structure again but angle is greater than 45 degree of fillet, this design be for
Guarantee to avoid causing mark 5 to be shelved on the horizontal plane of junction due to inevitably shaking in testing stand dropping process,
But can still be slided in transparent cell naturally by horizontal component of the gravity of on glass inclined surface itself, to guarantee to examine
That surveys is normally carried out.
3, bottom plate technology
Become to guarantee during the non-use of instrument the components such as the weight linear meter 6 included below of lower draw-bar 3 and mark 5 with host
One is orderly placed, and is ready for detection next time, it is necessary to bottom plate 12 be arranged, by being provided with and hanging sample plate phase
Corresponding slide opening guarantees that sample 4 is vertically fixed；And the clinching 21 that 6 two end of weight linear meter is connect with lower draw-bar 3 and flexible cord by it under
It can only slide and can not be separated from fixed plate 12；In addition, also bottom plate 12 be specifically configured to polytetrafluoroethylene material with
Prevent its long-time do not use may cause a possibility that corrosion between metal bar；Meanwhile at least 5 millimeters of bottom plate 12
Thickness ensure between mark 5 mutual alignment distribution to facilitate camera 13 to distinguish four samples 4 and facilitate acquisition displacement signal.Cause
Meaning utilization for certain thickness slide opening, " " principle is for weight linear meter 6 in longitudinal sliding motion directionality for 2 points of decision straight lines
It is fixed.
In addition to the host being connected with camera 13 has, there are three major temperature node locking display and relevant temperatures, examination
Except the change curve of 4 length of sample is shown, display terminal (computer, mobile phone etc.) is had with data processing based on Modern IT Technology
Wireless transmission function and prevent the intelligent functions such as dry combustion method and voice prompting.
Specifically, being applied to a kind of shrinkage temperature measuring method of the shrinkage temperature measurement device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: sample preparation: being parallel to ridge line direction in flexible material respectively and cut two groups of marks perpendicular to ridge line direction
Quasi- sample 4, every group of sample 4 are multiple；Its specific sample 4 is dumbbell shaped, and the number of every group of sample 4 is two；4 length of sample
5mm, width 3mm；
Step 2: Gu sample: 24 are turned on the power switch, crawl rising switch 20 is operated crane 1 and is increased to extreme higher position,
Successively the both ends of each sample 4 are hung on upper fixing element and lower draw-bar 3；Draw sample 4 vertically under identical tension effect
It stretches.
Step 3: the Heating Cup 7 equipped with heat medium 10: being placed on setting position by leaching sample, and it is high slowly to adjust crane 1
Degree, while sample 4 immerses in heat medium 10, mark 5, which protrudes into observation chamber 9 naturally and meets mark 5, is in camera 13
The lower part of field range；And then meet the entire contraction distortion process of flexible material in the observation scope of camera 13；It is added
Heat medium 10 temperature lower than prediction 10 DEG C of shrinkage temperature or more；10 liquid level of heat medium is higher than 4 top of sample
Height 30mm or more.
Step 4: test sample: heating heat medium 10, records mark 5 displacement variation with temperature value, until mark
The displacement stopping of will 5, record mark 5 start displacement, fast offset and stop the temperature at the important nodes such as displacement to get examination is arrived
4 deformation quantity variation with temperature value of sample and sample 4 start deformation, quick deformation and stop temperature at deformation node, completion pair
The measurement of flexible material shrinkage temperature.And wherein rapid desufflation temperature is exactly shrinkage temperature defined in national standard, remaining
Two important node temperature and 4 length change curve of sample are all to carry out high-level research for professional to provide technical support.
So far the measurement to flexible material shrinkage temperature is completed.
After measurement, user print as needed examining report or related data be transferred to setting computer or
The processing such as person's mobile phone and display terminal；Then the crawl rising switch 20 on control panel is pinned 1 liter of crane with hand again
Height turns off the power switch 24 to the extreme higher position of setting.Then it successively removes and to have shunk from upper hook 2 and lower draw-bar 3
Sample 4 scrubs region of interest, takes out Heating Cup 7, this detection terminates.If necessary to start again at continuous detection at once,
Then needing replacing the high temperature glycerol in Heating Cup 7 becomes room temperature glycerol, other according to sequence described above repetitive operation.
Example given above is to realize the present invention preferably example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.This field
Technical staff's technical solution according to the present invention technical characteristic any nonessential addition, the replacement made, belong to this
The protection scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device, which is characterized in that be equipped with upper fixing element including upper end
Crane (1), upper fixing element are hung oneself equipped with sample (4), and sample (4) lower end is hung by lower fixing piece and is equipped with mark (5)；Upper fixation
The lower section of part is equipped with the Heating Cup (7) for installing heat medium (10), and sample (4) is located at heat medium (10) liquid level or less；
Heating Cup (7) includes heating chamber (8) and the observation chamber (9) that is connected to heating chamber (8) bottom, and heating chamber (8) and observation chamber (9) are in
" convex " shape, mark (5) are put in observation chamber (9)；The camera (13) towards mark (5) is respectively equipped on the outside of observation chamber (9)
With light source (14)；The heating for being fixedly connected on crane (1) and extending into Heating Cup (7) is additionally provided with above Heating Cup (7)
Device (15) and temperature sensor (16).
2. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The weight linear meter (6) being equipped with across the bottom plate being fixed on crane (1) is hung in lower fixing piece lower end, and mark (5) is located at counterweight
Bar (6) lower end.
3. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Light source (14) includes the background light source (141) not ipsilateral in observation chamber (9) with camera (13), and is being seen with camera (13)
Survey the annular light source (142) of chamber (9) same side；Background light source (141) uses plane purple light source；Annular light source (142) with take the photograph
As head is coaxially disposed.
4. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Indicate that (5) are the specific shapes thin slices such as triangle, it is red reflectance coating (11) that mark (5), which is equipped with color,.
5. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Upper fixing element is upper hook (2), and lower fixing piece is lower draw-bar (3)；Crane (1) upper end is transversely arranged multiple upper hooks (2),
It is corresponded on lower draw-bar (3) and upper hook (2) longitudinal direction, mark (5) transversely arranged setting in observation chamber (9).
6. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Crane (1) upper end is connected with upper mounted plate (11), and upper hook (2), temperature sensor (16) are fixedly connected with heater (15)
In upper mounted plate (11) lower end.
7. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Crane (1) bottom end is equipped with operation panel (18), is additionally provided on operation panel (18) for showing that camera (13) is acquired
The display screen (19) for indicating (5) displacement, be additionally provided on operation panel (18) control linear motor crawl rising switch (20) and
Crawl down switch (22) starts detection switch (23) and the power switch (24) of device behind is arranged in.
8. a kind of contactless flexible material shrinkage temperature measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Heater (15) is L+U type structure, and the heating wire of heater (15) is arranged in the U-shaped part of horizontal distribution and always in underloading
Working condition.
9. being applied to a kind of shrinkage temperature measuring method of shrinkage temperature measurement device described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: sample preparation: cutting two groups of dumbbell shape standard samples with holes (4) in flexible material mutually orthogonal direction respectively,
Every group of sample (4) is multiple；
Step 2: Gu sample: it turns on the power switch (24), operates crawl rising switch (20) crane (1) and be increased to highest order
It sets, successively the both ends of each sample (4) is hung on and complete to fix on upper fixing element and lower draw-bar (3)；Sample (4) is certainly simultaneously
By 3 grams of identical tension stretched verticallies under right counterweight mode；
Step 3: the Heating Cup (7) equipped with heat medium (10): being placed on setting position by leaching sample, is pinned decline crawl by hand and is opened
It closing (22), crane (1) is slowly decreased until the lowest point of setting, while sample (4) are immersed in heat medium, mark
Will (5) protrudes into observation chamber (9) and meets the lower part that mark (5) is in camera (13) field range；
Step 4: test sample: heating heat medium (10), record mark (5) displacement variation with temperature value, until mark
Will (5) displacement stops, and record mark (5) starts displacement, fast offset and stops at displacement node temperature to get to sample
(4) deformation quantity variation with temperature value and sample (4) start the temperature at deformation, quick deformation and stopping deformation node,
Middle rapid desufflation node corresponding temperature is exactly shrinkage temperature, completes the measurement to flexible material shrinkage temperature.
10. a kind of shrinkage temperature measuring method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that is be added in the step 3 adds
Thermal medium (5) starts to detect 10 DEG C of shrinkage temperature or more of temperature lower than prediction；Heat medium (5) liquid level is higher than sample
(14) tip height 30mm or more.
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| CN113063658A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 陕西科技大学 | Single fiber thermal deformation detection device and method |
| CN113804719A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-17 | 维斯克凡科技（苏州）有限公司 | Device and test method for measuring thermal shrinkage of collagen packaging material |
| CN114324448A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-04-12 | 徐州鸿丰高分子材料有限公司 | Thermal deformation detection device for leather material |
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| CN110208310B (en) | 2024-08-02 |
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