CN110206679A - 一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能的储能综合发电系统 - Google Patents

一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能的储能综合发电系统 Download PDF

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CN110206679A
CN110206679A CN201910495136.7A CN201910495136A CN110206679A CN 110206679 A CN110206679 A CN 110206679A CN 201910495136 A CN201910495136 A CN 201910495136A CN 110206679 A CN110206679 A CN 110206679A
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江浩驰
江利
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/266—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy to compress air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
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Abstract

一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，包括露出海表面的立柱和储水箱，在储水箱的顶部设计有空气压缩发电机，空气储能箱和空气压缩机，使空气压缩机的输出端经管道与空气储能箱的进气口相连接，空气储能箱的出气口通过管道与空气压缩发电机的输入端相连接，空气压缩机设有一根从储水箱顶部到底部的转轴，该转轴的上部设有上水转盘，该转轴的下部设有下水转盘，在所述储水箱上部对应上水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的上进水口，在所述储水箱下部对应下水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的下出水口，当海水推动空气压缩机旋转时压缩空气驱动发电机旋转并输出电能；本系统结构简单，能利用多种海面丰富的自然资源，所发电能多，成本低，有利于国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高。

Description

一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能的储能综合发电系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发电系统，具体说是一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统。
背景技术
我国是一个能源消耗大国，随着传统煤炭和石油的日趋减少，造成能源的原料日益紧张，广大科技工作者和电业管理部门，都在积极寻找和开发新能源，用以满足我国包括工业、农业的国民经济各个行业生产和生活的需要。然而我国自然分布的能源资源多、能量大，比如有大量的海洋潮汐、波浪以及丰富的风能资料,但是目前对这些能源资源利用得少，应用得不广泛，没有充分发挥他们的巨大作用，究其原因主要是：海洋潮汐因涨潮和落潮中存在的落差小、速度慢的缺陷，波浪能的高低落差或推力不均匀，如何充分利用这些能源资源是摆在广大科技工作者和能源管理部门面前的重大课题。
发明内容
为克服现有海洋潮汐、波浪因落差小、速度慢的缺陷，本发明提供一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，用以充分利用海洋潮汐、波浪以及风能的巨大动能，建成投资省、规模可大可小的环保型发电系统，供人们生活和生产中使用。
为解决其技术问题，本发明人经过长期的观察和分析，发现我国广东一带沿海潮水的落差有4米，利用3米的落差就可利用其能量进行发电，所述利用三米落差海水发电的技术方案，其特点是：1、首先在海水表面通过多根立柱预制至少一个单个的储水箱，将该储水箱的底部高度设定在平潮的高度上，在储水箱的顶部设计有空气压缩发电机，空气储能箱和空气压缩机，使空气压缩机的输出端经管道与空气储能箱的进气口相连接，空气储能箱的出气口通过管道与空气压缩发电机的输入端相连接，用以驱动该发电机旋转并输出电能；所述空气压缩机设有一根从储水箱顶部到底部的长转轴，该长转轴的上部设有上水转盘，该长转轴的下部设有下水转盘，在所述储水箱上部对应上水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的上进水口，在所述储水箱下部对应下水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的下出水口；
2、所述水箱的高度至少为3m，直径至少2.5m；
3、所述水箱的立柱为钢筋水泥桩，该立柱的高度露出海水平面；
4、在所述水箱的顶部还固定有风力发电机，该发电机的输出端与空气压缩发电机的输出端并联后与电网相连接，用以输出电源；
5、在所述水箱的下部的箱体上还设有凸轮轴和浮筒，用于安全保护储水箱不会被海水淹没。
工作时，当涨潮时打开储水箱的上进水口的开关，让潮汐和波浪的海水通过所述上进水口，冲击上水转盘带动水轮转轴旋转并将海水存入储水箱，水轮转轴旋转使空气压缩机工作，将压缩空气送入空气储能箱，该空气储能箱的输出端将储能箱内高压气体经管道，输送给空气压缩发电机旋转并发出电能；当海水退潮时，关闭上进水口的开关，打开下水口的开关，使储水箱内的海水，经下出水口冲击下水轮盘旋转，带动水轮转轴和空气压缩机工作，空气压缩机输出的压缩气体通过管道驱动空气压缩发电机发出电能；同时海平面的 海风会通过风力发电机发出电能，通过这种综合利用海水周而复始的涨潮、退潮以及波浪和海风能源，就可发出丰富而廉价的电力，再通过输电网送到企业或千家万户居民家中，满足工业、农业和人们日常生活的需要。
与现有技术相比，本发明有如下特点和进步：
1、因本系统的是根据海洋的潮汐规律,利用取之不尽的海水潮汐和海面波浪落差的冲击力,先在海水表面通过多根立柱预制至少一个储水箱，在储水箱的顶部设计有空气压缩发电机，空气储能箱和空气压缩机，其中空气压缩机的输出端经管道与空气储能箱的进气口相连接，空气储能箱的出气口通过管道与空气压缩发电机的输入端相连接，驱动该发电机旋转并输出电能推动上水转盘带动水轮转轴旋转并将海水存入储水箱，使空气压缩机工作，将压缩空气送入空气储能箱，该空气储能箱的输出端将储能箱内高压气体经管道，输送给空气压缩发电机发电；当海水退潮时，关闭上进水口的开关，打开下水口的开关，使大水箱内的海水，经下出水口冲击下水轮盘旋转，带动水轮转轴和空气压缩机工作，通过高压空气驱动空气压缩发电机发出电能，因此本系统结构简单，海水资源丰富，发出的电能多，成本低，有利于国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高；
2、本系统还可以在储水箱大顶部安装风力发电机，直接发电并入供电系统，可以充分利用海平面的风能资源，节省大量的基建费用，经估算这种风力发电机比独立建设相同容量的风力发电厂要降低80％的建设成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明：
图1是本发明的结构示意方框图。
图中:1、风力发电机，2、空气压缩发电，3、空气储能箱， 4、储水箱，5、立柱，6、空气压缩机，7、上水转盘，8、上进水口，9、空压机转轴，10、凸轮轴，11、浮筒，12、下水轮盘，13、下出水口。
具体实施方式
参见附图，在海平面上通过人工建造有多根露出海平面的立柱5，在各立柱的顶部规定有能承重的储水箱4，该储水箱内的高度为3m，直径为2.5m，在储水箱的顶部安装有空气压缩发电机2、空气储能箱3和空气压缩机6，其中空气压缩机6的输出端经管道与空气储能箱3的进气口相连接，空气储能箱3的出气口通过管道与空气压缩发电机2的输入端相连接，驱动该发电机旋转并输出电能；所述空气压缩机6设有一根从储水箱4顶部到储水箱的底部的空压机转轴9，该转轴的上部设有上水转盘7，该转轴的下部设有下水转盘12，在所述储水箱上部对应上水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的上进水口8，在所述大储水箱下部对应下水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的下出水口13，在储水箱下部的体壁上设计有凸轮轴10和浮筒11，用以保护储水箱的安全；为了充分利用海面的风能资源，在储水箱4的顶部还安装有风力发电机1。
本系统工作时，当海水涨潮时打开储水箱的上进水口开关，让潮汐和波浪的海水通过所述上进水口，冲击上水转盘带动水轮转轴旋转并将海水存入储水箱，水轮转轴旋转时使空气压缩机工作，将压缩空气送入空气储能箱，该空气储能箱的输出端将储能箱内高压气体经管道，输送给空气压缩发电机旋转并发出电能；当海水退潮时，关闭上进水口的开关，打开下水口的开关，使储水箱内的海水，经下出水口冲击下水轮盘旋转，带动水轮转轴和空气压缩机工作，空气压缩机输出的压缩气体通过管道驱动空气压缩发电机发出电能；同时海平面的海风会通过风力发电机发出电能，通过这种综合利用海水周而复始的涨潮、退潮以及波浪和海风能源，就可发出丰富而廉价的电力，再通过输电网送到企业或千家万户居民家中，满足工业、农业和人们日常生活的需要。

Claims (5)

1.一种利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，包括露出海表面的立柱和储水箱，其特征是：在海水表面通过多根立柱预制有至少一个单个的储水箱，该储水箱的底部高度设定在平潮的高度上，在储水箱的顶部设计有空气压缩发电机，空气储能箱和空气压缩机，使空气压缩机的输出端经管道与空气储能箱的进气口相连接，空气储能箱的出气口通过管道与空气压缩发电机的输入端相连接，用以驱动该发电机旋转并输出电能；所述空气压缩机设有一根从储水箱顶部到底部的转轴，该转轴的上部设有上水转盘，该转轴的下部设有下水转盘，在所述储水箱上部对应上水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的上进水口，在所述储水箱下部对应下水转盘的箱体壁上设有带开关的下出水口。
2.根据权利要求1所述利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，其特征是：所述储水箱的高度至少为3m，直径至少2.5m。
3.根据权利要求1所述利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，其特征是：所述立柱为钢筋水泥桩柱，该立柱的高度露出海水平面。
4.根据权利要求1所述利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，其特征是：在所述水箱的顶部还固定有风力发电机，该发电机的输出端与空气压缩发电机的输出端并联后与电网相连接，用以输出电源。
5.根据权利要求1所述利用潮汐、波浪和风能储能的综合发电系统，其特征是：在所述储水箱下部的箱体上还设有凸轮轴和浮筒，用于安全保护储水箱不会被海水淹没。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116146424A (zh) * 2023-04-23 2023-05-23 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种基于压缩空气储能的海上风电系统及调峰控制方法
CN117108433A (zh) * 2023-10-19 2023-11-24 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种海上风电导管架基础的波浪能捕获及储能系统

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