CN110205670B - Corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution and polishing method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution and polishing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrolytic polishing solution for nickel-based alloy and a polishing method thereof, belonging to the field of electrolytic polishing. The nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of phosphoric acid, 10-20 parts of formic acid, 0.1-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-50 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-8 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 1-5 parts of formaldehyde. The electrolytic polishing solution prepared by the invention has small internal resistance and excellent corrosion inhibition performance. The nickel-based alloy workpiece is subjected to activation treatment, proper electrolyte and current density are used, different electrolysis time and electrolyte temperature are selected to obtain a good electrolytic polishing effect, the electrolytic polishing surface of the nickel-based alloy workpiece is good in appearance, the surface has obvious metal luster, the roughness can reach below Ra0.08 mu m, the problems of white spots, flower spots, intergranular corrosion and the like are solved, and the corrosion resistance of equipment is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution and a polishing method thereof, belonging to the field of electrolytic polishing.
Background
The nickel-based alloy is widely applied in a plurality of fields, particularly the fields of aerospace and nuclear power, and since the nineties of the last century, the nickel-based alloy serving as a new material with excellent performance begins to enter the field of nuclear power station manufacturing in a large number, such as key equipment in nuclear islands, such as steam generators, water replenishing tanks and the like. The corrosion resistance is closely related to the surface state of equipment, and compared with other polishing methods, the electrolytic polishing method is advocated by design departments and users of nuclear power stations because the electrolytic polishing method can eliminate the residual stress on the near surface and provide small surface roughness, so that the equipment manufacturing party is required to carry out electrolytic polishing on the equipment manufactured by the nickel-based alloy.
Although a great deal of research has been conducted on the electrochemical principle of polishing, the material of a workpiece, and the electrolytic polishing process for a long time as an important polishing method, in practical applications, the polishing material is mainly concentrated on a few materials such as common stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, and the like, and other materials have serious difficulties in obtaining a good polishing surface. The fundamental reason is that the electrolytic polishing is not quantitative scientific, basic or qualitative, parameters such as selection of electrolyte and current, voltage, polishing time, temperature and the like used in the electrolytic polishing are obtained by repeated experiments, and the parameters obtained by experiments on one material are difficult to be transplanted to another material in parallel. For example, in the chinese patent "hastelloy electrolytic polishing process" with application number CN201410754930.6, Isopol 140 is used as electrolyte, and the parameters of the electrolytic polishing process are as follows: temperature: 50-65 ℃, voltage: 8-12V, the polishing time is 60-120s, a titanium wire is used as a cathode, the area of a polar plate is 1/3-1/5 of the area of a part, the electrolyte is a key process material in electropolishing, Isopol 140 is used as a code, specific components cannot be known, and the voltage is related to the geometric dimensions, the distance and the solution temperature of a workpiece and the cathode, so that the implementation of the patent has a plurality of difficulties in obtaining a good electropolished surface of the nickel-based alloy.
In addition, the Chinese patent application No. CN201310084678.8, namely 'a Cu-Ni alloy electrolytic polishing method for EBSD test', because the electrolytic polishing object of the patent is a Cu-Ni alloy sample for electron back diffraction analysis, the size is fixed and small, and the method cannot be compared with large equipment of a nuclear power station at all. In other known information such as "Guangzhou chemical" 1996 third phase, there are technical methods for polishing a nickel-based alloy using electrolytes such as perchloric acid, glacial acetic acid or phosphoric acid, casein anhydride, sulfuric acid, glycerin, etc., however, these technical methods all have several disadvantages in that the nickel-based alloy product is electropolished according to which an ideal polished surface cannot be obtained after the application. The electrolytic polishing solution of nickel-based alloy with the application number of 2016111771971 and the polishing method thereof have the defects that the internal resistance of the electrolyte is large, particularly, when large current intensity is applied, the temperature of the solution is rapidly increased, the surface of a polished workpiece is corroded, and components in the solution are oxidized to be carbonized. In addition, patent No. 2007101482764 discloses an electrolyte for electrolytic polishing and a polishing method, but the electrolyte is mainly suitable for polishing Cu and is not suitable for polishing nickel-based alloys, and the electrolyte contains a strong acid with sulfonic acid group, and the strong acid with sulfonic acid group has strong corrosiveness, and when the electrolyte is used as the electrolyte for polishing nickel-based alloys, the roughness of the polished products is large, and intergranular corrosion is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the prior art in the electrolytic polishing of nickel-based alloys, the invention provides a technical scheme for obtaining an ideal surface by the electrolytic polishing of the nickel-based alloys.
The invention aims to solve the first technical problem of providing a corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution with low internal resistance.
The electrolyte in the electrolytic cell comprises the components of glycol and ethanol with good water solubility, formic acid with excellent dispersibility and permeability, and acidic corrosion inhibitors such as hexamethylenetetramine, tolbutan and the like.
The corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of phosphoric acid, 10-20 parts of formic acid, 0.1-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-50 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-8 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 1-5 parts of formol, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 85 wt%, and the concentration of the formic acid is 98 wt%.
Preferably, the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-20 parts of formic acid, 0.5-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-6 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-5 parts of butadiene;
more preferably, the organic solvent is 50-60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-20 parts of formic acid, 0.5-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-30 parts of ethylene glycol, 5-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-5 parts of formaldehyde.
More preferably, the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-15 parts of formic acid, 1.5-2.0 parts of polyacrylamide, 25-30 parts of ethylene glycol, 8-10 parts of ethanol, 2.5-4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-3 parts of formotin.
The best composition scheme of the corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution is as follows: 50 parts of phosphoric acid, 20 parts of formic acid, 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of ethylene glycol, 20 parts of ethanol, 0.05 part of hexamethylenetetramine and 5 parts of formotin.
The invention also provides an electrolytic polishing method of the nickel-based alloy.
The electrolytic polishing method of the nickel-based alloy comprises the following steps: and (3) polishing by using a metal lead plate as a cathode, a nickel-based alloy to be polished as an anode and the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution as an electrolyte.
The electropolished workpiece is washed to be neutral by A1-grade high-purity water and then dried by hot air.
Preferably: the electrolytic polishing is carried out in a constant voltage direct current mode, the cathode and anode distance is 80-150 mm, and the electrolytic polishing current density is controlled to be 5-25A/dm2(ii) a The time is 2-10 minutes, and the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled to be 35-65 ℃.
Preferably: the distance between the cathode and the anode is 100-120 mm, and the current density of electrolytic polishing is controlled to be 15-20A/dm2(ii) a The time is 3-6 minutes, and the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled to be 35-55 ℃.
Preferably: the shape matching of the cathode and the anode: for a planar nickel-based alloy workpiece, the shape of the cathode is a plane equivalent to that of the workpiece, and the area size of the cathode is 1.2-1.6 times that of the workpiece; for nickel-based alloy workpieces with other shapes, the shape of the cathode needs to be matched with the nickel-based alloy workpieces, but the area of the cathode needs to be 1.2-1.6 times of that of the workpieces.
Preferably: the surface roughness of the nickel base alloy to be polished is within 1.0 mu m. If the surface roughness of the nickel-based alloy is larger than 1.0 mu m, the surface roughness can be firstly processed to be within 1.0 mu m by adopting the existing method, and then the method is adopted for polishing.
Preferably: removing oil and dirt on the surface of the nickel-based alloy to be polished, then activating the nickel-based alloy, and washing and electropolishing the activated workpiece;
the oil removal and decontamination can be carried out by adopting the existing method, preferably, the oil removal and decontamination are carried out by adopting alkali liquor;
the activation method comprises the following steps: putting a nickel-based alloy workpiece to be polished into dilute nitric acid containing 1-5 wt% of hydrogen peroxide for activation for 10 minutes, wherein the concentration of the dilute nitric acid is 2-20 wt%; washing is carried out by adopting water, and after the workpiece is washed by the water, the workpiece is put into an electrolytic cell after the surface of the workpiece has no obvious water mark.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the components used in the electrolytic polishing solution are common chemical materials, and are cheap and easily available.
2. The electrolyte solution prepared by the invention has small resistance and excellent corrosion inhibition performance, and ensures that the nickel-based alloy anode needing electrolytic polishing has enough dissolution rate and does not corrode. Compared with the Chinese patent with the application number of 201611177197.1, the resistivity of the electrolyte of the invention is reduced from 25146 ohm-meter at the original 25 ℃ to 13108 ohm-meter at the original 25 ℃ in the electrolyte formula of the embodiment 1.
3. The technical scheme is simple to operate and convenient to implement. The nickel-base alloy workpiece is subjected to activation treatment, proper electrolyte and current density are used, different electrolysis time and electrolyte temperature are selected, so that a good electrolytic polishing effect is obtained, and the machined nickel-base alloy surface can be processed into a mirror surface state through electrolytic polishing. The electrolytic polishing surface of the nickel-based alloy workpiece has good appearance, obvious metal luster and roughness of less than Ra0.08 mu m, the surface obtained by electrolytic polishing has no defects of white spots, patterns, pits and the like, and the metallographic examination proves that the surface has no intergranular corrosion, thereby greatly improving the corrosion resistance of the equipment.
4. The method of the invention can be suitable for polishing large-size nickel-based alloy workpieces and can be widely applied to large-scale equipment of nuclear power stations.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to solve the first technical problem of providing a corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution with low internal resistance.
The electrolyte in the electrolytic cell comprises the components of glycol and ethanol with good water solubility, formic acid with excellent dispersibility and permeability, and acidic corrosion inhibitors such as hexamethylenetetramine, tolbutan and the like.
The corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of phosphoric acid, 10-20 parts of formic acid, 0.1-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-50 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-8 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 1-5 parts of formol, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 85 wt%, and the concentration of the formic acid is 98 wt%.
The components and the composition ratio of the electrolytic polishing solution are the key points of the invention and can not be changed at will. For example, in the experimental process, the glycol in the components is replaced by ethanol or butynediol with good water solubility, and the polishing effect is poor.
Preferably, the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-20 parts of formic acid, 0.5-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-6 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-5 parts of butadiene;
more preferably, the organic solvent is 50-60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-20 parts of formic acid, 0.5-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-30 parts of ethylene glycol, 5-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-5 parts of formaldehyde.
More preferably, the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12-15 parts of formic acid, 1.5-2.0 parts of polyacrylamide, 25-30 parts of ethylene glycol, 8-10 parts of ethanol, 2.5-4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2-3 parts of formotin.
The best composition scheme of the corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution is as follows: 50 parts of phosphoric acid, 20 parts of formic acid, 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of ethylene glycol, 20 parts of ethanol, 0.05 part of hexamethylenetetramine and 5 parts of formotin.
The invention also provides an electrolytic polishing method of the nickel-based alloy.
The electrolytic polishing method of the nickel-based alloy comprises the following steps: and (3) polishing by using a metal lead plate as a cathode, a nickel-based alloy to be polished as an anode and the electrolytic polishing solution of the nickel-based alloy as an electrolyte.
The electropolished workpiece is washed to be neutral by A1-grade high-purity water and then dried by hot air.
Preferably: the electrolytic polishing is carried out in a constant voltage direct current mode, the cathode and anode distance is 80-150 mm, and the electrolytic polishing current density is controlled to be 5-25A/dm2(ii) a The time is 2-10 minutes, and the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled to be 35-65 ℃.
Preferably: the distance between the cathode and the anode is 100-120 mm, and the current density of electrolytic polishing is controlled to be 15-20A/dm2(ii) a The time is 3-6 minutes, and the temperature of the solution is controlled at 35-55 ℃.
Preferably: the shape matching of the cathode and the anode: for a planar nickel-based alloy workpiece, the shape of the cathode is a plane equivalent to that of the workpiece, and the area size of the cathode is 1.2-1.6 times that of the workpiece; for nickel-based alloy workpieces with other shapes, the shape of the cathode needs to be matched with the nickel-based alloy workpieces, but the area of the cathode needs to be 1.2-1.6 times of that of the workpieces.
Preferably: the surface roughness of the nickel base alloy to be polished is within 1.0 mu m. If the surface roughness of the nickel-based alloy is larger than 1.0 mu m, the surface roughness can be firstly processed to be within 1.0 mu m by adopting the existing method and then polished by adopting the method of the invention.
Preferably: removing oil and dirt on the surface of the nickel-based alloy to be polished, activating the nickel-based alloy, and performing electrolytic polishing after washing;
the oil removal and decontamination can be carried out by adopting the existing method, preferably, the oil removal and decontamination are carried out by adopting alkali liquor;
the activation method comprises the following steps: putting a nickel-based alloy workpiece to be polished into dilute nitric acid containing 1-5 wt% of hydrogen peroxide for activation for 10 minutes, wherein the concentration of the dilute nitric acid is 2-20 wt%; the washing is carried out with water. After the workpiece is washed by water, the workpiece needs to be put into an electrolytic cell after the surface of the workpiece has no obvious water mark.
Specifically, the nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing method of the invention can adopt the following steps:
(1) firstly, removing oil and dirt from a nickel-based alloy electropolished workpiece with the surface roughness of 1.0 mu m by using alkali liquor to ensure that the surface of the workpiece is clean;
(2) and then, putting the cleaned workpiece into dilute nitric acid containing 1-5 wt% of hydrogen peroxide for activation for 10 minutes, washing the workpiece with tap water after activation, and putting the workpiece into an electrolytic cell after the surface of the workpiece has no obvious water mark. Wherein the concentration of the dilute nitric acid is 2-20 wt%;
(3) the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell comprises, by weight, 50-75 parts of phosphoric acid (85 wt%), 10-20 parts of formic acid (98 wt%), 0.1-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-50 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-8 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 1-5 parts of formotin.
Taking a metal lead plate as a cathode, wherein the shape of the cathode is a plane equivalent to that of a plane of the nickel-based alloy workpiece, and the area size of the cathode is 1.2-1.6 times that of the workpiece; for nickel-based alloy workpieces with other shapes, the shape of the cathode needs to be matched with the nickel-based alloy workpieces, but the area of the cathode needs to be 1.2-1.6 times of that of the workpieces.
⑸ the electrolytic polishing method is constant voltage DC, the cathode and anode distance is 80-150 mm, and the electrolytic polishing current density is controlled at 5-25A/dm2(ii) a The time is 2-10 minutes, the temperature of the solution is controlled at 35-65 ℃, and the workpiece after electro-polishing is washed to be neutral by A1-grade high-purity water and then dried by hot air.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses an electrolytic polishing process for a nickel-based alloy sealing plate of a nuclear reactor core water replenishing tank, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) carrying out activation pretreatment on the nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing workpiece to ensure that no excessive moisture exists on the surface of the workpiece; the pretreatment is to remove oil stains on the surface of a workpiece by using alkaline solution, then to put the cleaned workpiece into 5 percent dilute nitric acid with the concentration of 2 percent of hydrogen peroxide for activation for 10 minutes, to be washed by tap water after activation, and to put the workpiece into an electrolytic cell after no obvious water flow exists on the surface of the workpiece.
(2) The electrolytic polishing solution in the electrolytic cell consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 55 parts of phosphoric acid (85%), 15 parts of formic acid (98%), 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 25 parts of ethylene glycol, 8 parts of ethanol, 2.5 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2 parts of formotin.
(3) Using a metal lead plate with the area 1.2 times of that of the nickel-based alloy workpiece as a cathode, introducing constant-voltage direct current, controlling the distance between the cathode and the anode to be 100mm, and controlling the current density of electrolytic polishing to be 15A/dm2(ii) a The time is 3 minutes, the temperature of the solution is controlled at 55 ℃, the workpiece which meets the requirements after electrolytic polishing is washed to be neutral by A1-grade high-purity water and then dried by hot air, and the polished workpiece is obtained.
The roughness of the polished workpiece measured by a roughness meter according to the method of GB/T1031-1995 is Ra0.08 mu m, and the workpiece is free of intergranular corrosion through metallographic examination.
Examples 2 to 5
The method of example 1 was used except that the electrolyte composition was varied as shown in Table 1. The other procedures and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
TABLE 1
| Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Phosphoric acid (85%) | 60 | 65 | 50 | 75 |
| Formic acid (98%) | 12 | 18 | 20 | 10 |
| Polyacrylamide | 2 | 0.5 | 3 | 0.1 |
| Ethylene glycol | 30 | 20 | 10 | 50 |
| Ethanol | 10 | 5 | 20 | 3 |
| Hexamethylenetetramine | 4 | 6 | 0.05 | 8 |
| If you Ding | 3 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
Examples 6 to 8
Only the electrolysis process parameters were changed on the process of example 1, the detailed process parameters are detailed in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 | |
| Cathode and anode distance (mm) | 120 | 80 | 150 |
| Current Density (A/dm)2) | 20 | 25 | 5 |
| Electrolysis time (min) | 6 | 2 | 10 |
| Temperature (. degree.C.) | 55 | 65 | 35 |
Comparative examples 1 to 2
Only the electrolysis process parameters were changed on the process of example 1, the detailed process parameters are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Cathode and anode distance (mm) | 100 | 100 |
| Current density | 30 | 20 |
| Time of electrolysis | 5 | 5 |
| Temperature of | 30 | 75 |
Comparative example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is: the process parameters in this example are: the current density is controlled at 5A/dm2(ii) a The technological parameters of the electrolytic polishing process are as follows: temperature: 50 ℃, voltage: 8V, electrolytic polishing: for 60 s. The electro-polishing tank uses a titanium wire as a cathode, and the area of the polar plate is 1/3 of the area of the part. And (4) putting the polished workpiece into 38 ℃ hot water for cleaning for 2min and then drying.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this example and example 1 is: the process parameters in this example are: the current density is controlled at 7A/dm2(ii) a The technological parameters of the electrolytic polishing process are as follows: temperature: 65 ℃, voltage: 12V, electrolytic polishing: 120 s. The electro-polishing tank uses a titanium wire as a cathode, and the area of the polar plate is 1/5 of the area of the part. And (4) putting the polished workpiece into hot water at 42 ℃ for cleaning for 2min and then drying.
Comparative example 5
The difference between this example and example 1 is: the process parameters in this example are: the current density is controlled at 6A/dm2(ii) a The technological parameters of the electrolytic polishing processComprises the following steps: temperature: 60 ℃, voltage: 10V, electrolytic polishing: for 100 s. The electro-polishing tank uses a titanium wire as a cathode, and the area of the polar plate is 1/4 of the area of the part. And (4) putting the polished workpiece into hot water of 40 ℃ for cleaning for 2min and then drying.
Comparative example 6
On the basis of example 1, only the composition of the electrolyte is changed, the electrolyte is the electrolyte of example 1 in patent application No. 2016111771971, and the composition of the electrolyte is (in percentage by weight): 65% of phosphoric acid with the concentration of 85 wt%, 12% of sulfuric acid with the concentration of 98 wt%, 4% of ammonium thiocyanate, 7% of 1, 4-butynediol, 6% of dimethylglyoxime, 3% of polyethylene glycol (M ═ 400) and 3% of guar gum. The other procedures and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
On the basis of example 1, only the composition of the electrolyte was changed, the composition of the electrolyte being (by weight): 35 parts of phosphoric acid (85%), 20 parts of formic acid (98%), 15.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 30 parts of 1, 4-butynediol, 8 parts of ethanol, 2.5 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2 parts of formoterol. The other procedures and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 8
On the basis of example 1, only the composition of the electrolyte was changed, the composition of the electrolyte being (by weight): 55 parts of phosphoric acid (85%), 15 parts of formic acid (98%), 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 25 parts of 1, 4-butynediol, 8 parts of ethanol, 2.5 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 2 parts of hexamethylene tetramine. The other procedures and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Test examples
The resistance of the electrolytes prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 6 to 8 was measured at 25 ℃, and the results are shown in table 4.
The roughness of the work pieces prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 8 was measured by a roughness meter according to the method of GB/T1031-1995, and metallographic examination was performed, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4
Claims (11)
1. The corrosion inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of phosphoric acid, 10-20 parts of formic acid, 0.1-3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-50 parts of ethylene glycol, 3-20 parts of ethanol, 0.05-8 parts of hexamethylenetetramine and 1-5 parts of formodine; wherein the phosphoric acid concentration is 85 wt% and the formic acid concentration is 98 wt%.
2. The electrolytic polishing solution for corrosion-inhibiting nickel-based alloy according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic polishing solution comprises 50 to 65 parts of phosphoric acid, 12 to 20 parts of formic acid, 0.5 to 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 to 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 to 20 parts of ethanol, 0.05 to 6 parts of hexamethylenetetramine, and 2 to 5 parts of formaldehyde.
3. The electrolytic polishing solution for corrosion-inhibiting nickel-based alloy according to claim 2, wherein the electrolytic polishing solution comprises 50 to 60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12 to 20 parts of formic acid, 0.5 to 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 to 30 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 to 20 parts of ethanol, 0.05 to 4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine, and 2 to 5 parts of formaldehyde.
4. The electrolytic polishing solution for corrosion-inhibiting nickel-based alloy according to claim 2, wherein the electrolytic polishing solution comprises 55 to 60 parts of phosphoric acid, 12 to 15 parts of formic acid, 1.5 to 2.0 parts of polyacrylamide, 25 to 30 parts of ethylene glycol, 8 to 10 parts of ethanol, 2.5 to 4 parts of hexamethylenetetramine, and 2 to 3 parts of butadiene.
5. The electrolytic polishing method of the nickel-based alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the metal lead plate is used as a cathode, the nickel-based alloy to be polished is used as an anode, and the corrosion-inhibition nickel-based alloy electrolytic polishing solution as defined in any one of claims 1-4 is used as an electrolyte for polishing.
6. The electrolytic polishing method for nickel-base alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that: the electrifying mode of the electrolytic polishing is constant voltage direct current, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is 80 to150mm, and the current density of electrolytic polishing is controlled to be 5-25A/dm2(ii) a The time is 2-10 minutes, and the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled to be 35-65 ℃.
7. The electrolytic polishing method for nickel-base alloys according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the distance between the cathode and the anode is 100-120 mm, and the current density of electrolytic polishing is controlled to be 15-20A/dm2(ii) a The time is 3-6 minutes, and the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled to be 35-55 ℃.
8. The electrolytic polishing method for nickel-base alloys according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the shape of the cathode is matched with that of the anode, and the area size of the cathode is 1.2-1.6 times of that of the anode.
9. The electrolytic polishing method for nickel-base alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface roughness of the nickel base alloy to be polished is within 1.0 mu m.
10. The electrolytic polishing method for nickel-base alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface of the nickel base alloy to be polished is degreased and descaled, then is activated, and is washed and then is electropolished.
11. The method of electropolishing a nickel-base alloy in accordance with claim 10, wherein: adopting alkali liquor to remove oil and dirt; the activation method comprises the following steps: putting a nickel-based alloy workpiece to be polished into dilute nitric acid containing 1-5 wt% of hydrogen peroxide for activation for 10 minutes, wherein the concentration of the dilute nitric acid is 2-20 wt%; the washing is carried out with water.
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