CN110205512B - Preparation method of novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of metal materials for medical instruments. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials; (2) smelting; (3) casting; (4) processing a finished product; the copper alloy prepared by the invention can be used for manufacturing medical handles, bed hands, infusion supports, medicine dispensers, water taps, washing tanks, work tables and the like, and replaces the traditional stainless steel products, so that the pathogenic bacteria amount in a ward can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of metal materials for medical instruments, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments.
Background
Infections caused by medical health impose a heavy socio-economic burden on people around the world. The cost of infections caused by health care in the united states is between 350-450 billion dollars per year, as estimated by the centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) in the united states, coupled with the enormous costs paid by individuals. These infections are caused by bacteria that are active on the objects we are contacting each day. Those antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread from the medical and health places to schools, homes, and public transportation places. Despite constant hand washing and cleaning, these bacteria still multiply at an alarming rate.
Among them, infection occurring in medical institutions is the most common, and infection occurring in medical institutions is called nosocomial infection and is generally transmitted directly between interpersonals or via medical equipment, instruments, and the like. Millions of nosocomial infections occur all over the world every year, copper and copper alloys are substances which are recognized by the national Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and have potential sterilization characteristics on nosocomial infectious pathogenic bacteria, and copper can be sterilized because the conductivity of copper is second to that of silver, so when bacteria contact the surface of a copper product, micro current of outer cell membranes of the bacteria can be short-circuited to cause cell membrane breakage, copper ions enter the bacteria through the breakage to block cell respiration and absorb nutrients, and the bacteria die within 2 hours. Therefore, although the use of copper and copper alloys for the prevention of nosocomial infections and the construction of sanitary environments are expected worldwide, the disadvantages of the conventional copper alloys, such as easy discoloration and low strength, have been a major problem in practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, adding the industrial pure iron in the weight proportion into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the electrolytic copper plate in the weight proportion, preserving heat for 30min at 1300 ℃, uniformly stirring by using a quartz glass tube, degassing, refining, and finally covering and preserving heat for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
The cast ingot is subjected to hot processing and cold processing to form various metal products for medical instruments with the strength of 600-1200Mpa, the survival time of the staphylococcus aureus on the copper alloy is only 1-4 hours, and the survival time on the stainless steel surface under the same experimental conditions is up to 72 hours.
Further, in the step (2), surface pretreatment is performed before smelting of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 10-20min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, drying for 1-1.5h under the condition of hot air circulation at 50-60 ℃, and pre-treating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate to remove impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate so as to avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy.
Furthermore, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 2.5-5.0KW, the frequency is 40-80kHz, the surface of the industrial pure iron and the surface of the electrolytic copper plate are sprayed by the ultrasonic wave, impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate can be removed, and the purity of the alloy is ensured.
Further, after the industrial pure iron is added into the non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in the step (2), firstly, preheating with 30-35KW power for 10-20min, increasing power to 60-85KW, heating, stirring the melt by supersonic gas flow during heating until the industrial pure iron is completely melted, finally increasing the power to 80-120KW, adding the electrolytic copper plate into the industrial pure iron melt, continuously stirring until the two are completely melted and uniformly mixed, the gas and the vapor existing on the surface of the raw material can be removed by preheating the industrial pure iron, the melt is stirred by supersonic airflow, the uniformity in the melt is increased, the cracks on the surface of the prepared metal are reduced, the industrial pure iron is completely melted and then added into the electrolytic copper plate, so that slag inclusion caused by incomplete melting of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate is avoided.
Furthermore, the airflow speed of the supersonic airflow is 400-1200m/s, the airflow pressure is 0.8-10MPa, and the melt of the industrial pure iron is fully stirred by the supersonic airflow, so that the uniformity of the structure in the melt is increased, and the crack defect on the surface of the prepared alloy is avoided.
Further, when the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, a batch adding mode is adopted, and the specific adding process is as follows: dividing the electrolytic copper plates into three parts by weight, adding the first part of the electrolytic copper plates into an industrial pure iron melt, stirring at the speed of 150-.
Further, the specific processes of hot working and cold working the cast ingot in the step (4) are as follows: preparing the cast ingot into a blank, heating the blank at 950-1200 ℃ for 1-1.5h, preserving heat for 5-6h, and then putting the blank into a hot extrusion die for hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion rate is 25-40mm/s, and the extrusion ratio is (4-10): 1, the hot extrusion force is 40-45mm/min, the blank processed by the hot extrusion process is placed into a heating furnace for tempering and heating, finally, the alloy blank obtained by the hot extrusion is annealed at the temperature of 760-850 ℃, then the oxide layer of the blank is removed, and the blank is placed into a double-acting cold extrusion hydraulic machine tool for cold extrusion, wherein the pressure of the double-acting cold extrusion hydraulic machine tool is 5-8MN, the working speed is 150-350mm/s, the strength and the hardness of the copper alloy are improved through the hot processing and the cold processing, meanwhile, the electric conductivity of the copper alloy is not greatly influenced, and the use requirement of medical instruments is met.
Further, in the step (4), the prepared metal product for the medical instrument is subjected to constant-current passivation treatment, and the specific treatment process is as follows: and (3) performing electrostatic dust removal on the surface of the metal product for the medical apparatus prepared in the step (4) by using an electrostatic spray gun, then adding the treated metal product into electrolyte, adjusting the pH of the electrolyte to be 4.5-6, passivating the metal product for 3-6S under the conditions that the constant current is 0.3-0.7A/dm2 and the temperature is 20-60 ℃, cleaning the passivated metal product by using deionized water, and finally drying the metal product in a drying box.
Further, in the step (4), the surface of the prepared metal product for the medical apparatus is subjected to particle bombardment film spraying strengthening treatment, and the specific treatment process is as follows: firstly, putting a prepared metal product for medical equipment into a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 0.2-0.5Pa, adding helium with the concentration of 99.99% into the metal product through an air compressor to bombard the surface of the metal product, and stopping when a pit is formed in the surface of the metal product; secondly, spraying the Monel alloy into the pits on the surface of the metal product by using a supersonic flame spraying machine to form a wear-resistant coating, and then cooling to the normal temperature; and finally, repeatedly scanning pits on the surface of the metal product for 5-8min by emitting laser particles through a helium-neon laser, and then cooling, wherein the mechanical strength of the metal surface is improved by spraying the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the prepared metal product in a bombing manner, laser reflection during laser scanning can be avoided by bombarding the pits on the surface of the metal product, so that the treatment efficiency is low, the surface of the metal product is mechanically tamped through laser scanning, and the binding force between the wear-resistant coating and the surface of the metal product is improved.
Furthermore, the scanning speed of the laser is 3-9mm/s, the included angle between the laser emitted by the laser and the surface of the metal material is 50-65 degrees, the laser beam emitted by the laser is ensured to reach the maximization of the surface area of the metal product, and the processing efficiency is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments, which can remove impurities on the surfaces of industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate by pretreating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate, and avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy; the industrial pure iron is preheated, so that gas and water vapor existing on the surface of the raw material can be removed, the melt is stirred through supersonic airflow, the uniformity in the melt is increased, cracks on the surface of the prepared metal are reduced, and the slag inclusion caused by incomplete melting of the industrial pure iron and the melt is avoided by adding the electrolytic copper plate after the industrial pure iron is completely melted; the electrolytic copper plates are completely melted by adding the electrolytic copper plates in batches, and stirring is continuously carried out in the adding process, so that the texture components in the prepared alloy melt are more uniform, and the influence of residues on the alloy quality is reduced; the surface of the prepared metal product is passivated, so that the surface is not easy to be oxidized, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy surface is improved; the mechanical strength of the metal surface is improved by spraying the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the prepared metal product in a bombing manner, the pits bombarded on the surface of the metal product can prevent laser from reflecting during laser scanning to cause low treatment efficiency, and the surface of the metal product is mechanically tamped by laser scanning to improve the binding force between the wear-resistant coating and the surface of the metal product; the copper alloy prepared by the invention can be used for manufacturing medical handles, bed hands, infusion supports, medicine dispensers, water taps, washing tanks, work tables and the like, and replaces the traditional stainless steel products, so that the pathogenic bacteria amount in a ward can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic photograph taken at a magnification of X500 according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the gold phase of the present invention multiplied by 1000.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 6% of industrial pure iron and 94% of electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, adding the industrial pure iron in the weight proportion into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the electrolytic copper plate in the weight proportion, preserving heat for 30min at 1300 ℃, uniformly stirring by using a quartz glass tube, degassing, refining, and finally covering and preserving heat for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
The cast ingot is hot-worked and cold-worked into various metal products for medical instruments with the strength of 900 MPa.
Example 2
A preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, surface pretreatment is carried out on industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 15min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, drying for 1.3h under the condition of hot air circulation at 55 ℃, wherein the power of the ultrasonic waves is 3.5KW and the frequency is 60kHz, and removing impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate by pretreating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate to avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy; then, adding the pretreated industrial pure iron with the weight ratio into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the pretreated electrolytic copper plate with the weight ratio, preserving the heat at 1300 ℃ for 30min, uniformly stirring by using a quartz glass tube, degassing, refining, and finally covering and preserving the heat for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
The cast ingot is hot-worked and cold-worked into various metal products for medical instruments with the strength of 900 MPa.
Example 3
A preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, surface pretreatment is carried out on industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 15min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, drying for 1.3h under the condition of hot air circulation at 55 ℃, wherein the power of the ultrasonic waves is 3.5KW and the frequency is 60kHz, and removing impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate by pretreating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate to avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy; then adding the pretreated industrial pure iron with the weight ratio into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, preheating with the power of 33KW for 15min, increasing the power to 70KW, continuing to heat, stirring the melt by supersonic airflow in the heating process until the industrial pure iron is completely melted, wherein the airflow speed of the supersonic airflow is 400-1200m/s, the airflow pressure is 0.8-10MPa, increasing the power to 100KW, adding an electrolytic copper plate into the industrial pure iron melt, continuing to stir until the industrial pure iron and the industrial pure iron are completely melted and uniformly mixed, removing gas and water vapor existing on the surface of the raw materials by preheating the industrial pure iron, stirring the melt by the supersonic airflow, increasing the uniformity inside the melt, reducing cracks on the surface of the prepared metal, adding the electrolytic copper plate after the industrial pure iron is completely melted, slag inclusion caused by incomplete melting of the two is avoided; after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the pretreated electrolytic copper plate in the weight ratio, and preserving the heat at 1300 ℃ for 30min, wherein when the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, a batch adding mode is adopted, and the specific adding process is as follows: dividing electrolytic copper plates into three parts according to weight, adding a first part of electrolytic copper plate into an industrial pure iron melt, stirring at a speed of 180r/min by using a quartz glass tube, preserving heat at 790 ℃ for 18min, adding a second part of electrolytic copper plate into the melt, continuing stirring by using the quartz glass tube, heating to 1000 ℃ and preserving heat for 28min, finally continuing adding a third part of electrolytic copper plate, heating to 1300 ℃ until the added electrolytic copper plates are completely melted, adding the electrolytic copper plates in batches to completely melt the electrolytic copper plates, and continuously stirring in the adding process, so that the texture components in the prepared alloy melt are more uniform, and the influence of residues on the alloy quality is reduced; finally, covering and insulating for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
The cast ingot is hot-worked and cold-worked into various metal products for medical instruments with the strength of 900 MPa.
Example 4
A preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, surface pretreatment is carried out on industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 15min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, drying for 1.3h under the condition of hot air circulation at 55 ℃, wherein the power of the ultrasonic waves is 3.5KW and the frequency is 60kHz, and removing impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate by pretreating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate to avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy; then adding the pretreated industrial pure iron with the weight ratio into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, preheating with the power of 33KW for 15min, increasing the power to 70KW, continuing to heat, stirring the melt by supersonic airflow in the heating process until the industrial pure iron is completely melted, wherein the airflow speed of the supersonic airflow is 400-1200m/s, the airflow pressure is 0.8-10MPa, increasing the power to 100KW, adding an electrolytic copper plate into the industrial pure iron melt, continuing to stir until the industrial pure iron and the industrial pure iron are completely melted and uniformly mixed, removing gas and water vapor existing on the surface of the raw materials by preheating the industrial pure iron, stirring the melt by the supersonic airflow, increasing the uniformity inside the melt, reducing cracks on the surface of the prepared metal, adding the electrolytic copper plate after the industrial pure iron is completely melted, slag inclusion caused by incomplete melting of the two is avoided; after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the pretreated electrolytic copper plate in the weight ratio, and preserving the heat at 1300 ℃ for 30min, wherein when the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, a batch adding mode is adopted, and the specific adding process is as follows: dividing electrolytic copper plates into three parts according to weight, adding a first part of electrolytic copper plate into an industrial pure iron melt, stirring at a speed of 180r/min by using a quartz glass tube, preserving heat at 790 ℃ for 18min, adding a second part of electrolytic copper plate into the melt, continuing stirring by using the quartz glass tube, heating to 1000 ℃ and preserving heat for 28min, finally continuing adding a third part of electrolytic copper plate, heating to 1300 ℃ until the added electrolytic copper plates are completely melted, adding the electrolytic copper plates in batches to completely melt the electrolytic copper plates, and continuously stirring in the adding process, so that the texture components in the prepared alloy melt are more uniform, and the influence of residues on the alloy quality is reduced; finally, covering and insulating for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
Carrying out hot processing and cold processing on the cast ingot, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps: preparing the cast ingot into a blank, heating the blank at 1100 ℃ for 1.3h, preserving heat for 5.5h, and then putting the blank into a hot extrusion die for hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion rate is 30mm/s, and the extrusion ratio is 6: 1, the hot extrusion force is 43mm/min, the blank treated by the hot extrusion process is placed in a heating furnace for tempering and heating, finally, the alloy blank obtained by the hot extrusion is annealed at 800 ℃, then the oxide layer of the blank is removed, and the blank is placed in a double-acting cold extrusion hydraulic machine tool for cold extrusion, wherein the pressure of the double-acting cold extrusion hydraulic machine tool is 6.5MN, the working speed is 250mm/s, the strength and the hardness of the copper alloy are improved through the hot processing and the cold processing, meanwhile, the electric conductivity of the copper alloy is not greatly influenced, and the use requirement of medical instruments is met.
Then, carrying out constant-current passivation treatment on the surface of the processed metal product, wherein the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out electrostatic dust removal on the surface of a prepared metal product by using an electrostatic spray gun, then adding the treated metal product into electrolyte, adjusting the pH value of the electrolyte to be 5, carrying out passivation treatment on the metal product for 5S under the conditions of constant current of 0.5A/dm2 and temperature of 40 ℃, cleaning the passivated metal product by using deionized water, finally putting the metal product into a drying box for drying to obtain various metal products for medical instruments with the strength of 900Mpa, and passivating the surface of the prepared metal product to ensure that the surface is not easily oxidized and the corrosion resistance of the alloy surface is improved.
Example 5
A preparation method of a novel copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
(2) melting
Firstly, surface pretreatment is carried out on industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 15min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, drying for 1.3h under the condition of hot air circulation at 55 ℃, wherein the power of the ultrasonic waves is 3.5KW and the frequency is 60kHz, and removing impurities on the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate by pretreating the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate to avoid the impurities from influencing the purity and the performance of the prepared alloy; then adding the pretreated industrial pure iron with the weight ratio into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, preheating with the power of 33KW for 15min, increasing the power to 70KW, continuing to heat, stirring the melt by supersonic airflow in the heating process until the industrial pure iron is completely melted, wherein the airflow speed of the supersonic airflow is 400-1200m/s, the airflow pressure is 0.8-10MPa, increasing the power to 100KW, adding an electrolytic copper plate into the industrial pure iron melt, continuing to stir until the industrial pure iron and the industrial pure iron are completely melted and uniformly mixed, removing gas and water vapor existing on the surface of the raw materials by preheating the industrial pure iron, stirring the melt by the supersonic airflow, increasing the uniformity inside the melt, reducing cracks on the surface of the prepared metal, adding the electrolytic copper plate after the industrial pure iron is completely melted, slag inclusion caused by incomplete melting of the two is avoided; after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the pretreated electrolytic copper plate in the weight ratio, and preserving the heat at 1300 ℃ for 30min, wherein when the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, a batch adding mode is adopted, and the specific adding process is as follows: dividing electrolytic copper plates into three parts according to weight, adding a first part of electrolytic copper plate into an industrial pure iron melt, stirring at a speed of 180r/min by using a quartz glass tube, preserving heat at 790 ℃ for 18min, adding a second part of electrolytic copper plate into the melt, continuing stirring by using the quartz glass tube, heating to 1000 ℃ and preserving heat for 28min, finally continuing adding a third part of electrolytic copper plate, heating to 1300 ℃ until the added electrolytic copper plates are completely melted, adding the electrolytic copper plates in batches to completely melt the electrolytic copper plates, and continuously stirring in the adding process, so that the texture components in the prepared alloy melt are more uniform, and the influence of residues on the alloy quality is reduced; finally, covering and insulating for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
Carrying out hot processing and cold processing on the cast ingot after casting, and then carrying out constant-current passivation treatment on the surface of a processed metal product, wherein the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: carrying out electrostatic dust removal on the surface of a prepared metal product by using an electrostatic spray gun, then adding the treated metal product into electrolyte, adjusting the pH of the electrolyte to be 5, passivating the metal product for 5S under the conditions of constant current of 0.5A/dm2 and temperature of 40 ℃, cleaning the passivated metal product by using deionized water, finally drying the metal product in a drying box, and passivating the surface of the prepared metal product to ensure that the surface of the metal product is not easily oxidized and increase the corrosion resistance of the alloy surface; carrying out particle bombardment film spraying strengthening treatment on the surface of the passivated metal product, wherein the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: putting the prepared metal product into a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 0.4Pa, adding helium with the concentration of 99.99% into the prepared metal product through an air compressor to bombard the surface of the metal product, and stopping when a pit is formed in the surface of the metal product; the method comprises the steps of spraying Monel alloy into pits on the surface of a metal product by using a supersonic flame spraying machine to form a wear-resistant coating, cooling to normal temperature, repeatedly scanning the pits on the surface of the metal product for 7min by using laser particles emitted by a helium-neon laser, and then cooling to obtain various metal products for medical equipment with the strength of 900Mpa, wherein the scanning speed of the laser is 6mm/s, the laser emitted by the laser forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the surface of the metal product, the laser beam emitted by the laser is ensured to reach the maximization of the surface area of the metal product, the treatment efficiency is improved, the mechanical strength of the metal surface is improved by spraying the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the prepared metal product, the pits bombarded on the surface of the metal product can prevent the laser from being reflected during laser scanning to cause low treatment efficiency, and the surface of the metal product is mechanically tamped by laser scanning, the binding force between the wear-resistant coating and the surface of the metal product is improved.
Test examples
The related performance parameters of the novel copper alloy material with bactericidal and bacteriostatic functions for medical instruments prepared according to the embodiments 1 to 5 of the invention are shown in table 1:
table 1: copper alloy material related performance parameter table
| Material | Hardness HB | % conductivity IACS | Rm(MPa) | Rp0.2(MPa) | A(％) |
| CuFe5 | 133 | 50 | 453 | 375 | 18 |
| CuFe10 | 168 | 36 | 566 | 486 | 16 |
| CuFe20 | 257 | 18 | 857 | 705 | 12 |
As can be seen from the table 1, the strength of the copper-iron alloy prepared by the method reaches 400-1200Mpa, the growth of pathogenic bacteria can be inhibited all the day in 24 hours, and more than 99.9 percent of (specific) bacteria on the surface of the copper-iron alloy can be killed within two hours; meanwhile, the 'secondary pollution' of the contact surface can be reduced to the maximum extent, the survival time of the staphylococcus aureus on the copper alloy is only 1-4 hours, and the survival time on the stainless steel surface under the same experimental condition is up to 72 hours; the effect of the coating is far better than that of other materials including silver-containing coatings, stainless steel and antibacterial plastics, and people are far away from the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a copper alloy with sterilization and bacteriostasis functions for medical instruments is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
ingredients
Weighing 3-10% of industrial pure iron by weight percentage and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate for later use;
melting
Firstly, adding the industrial pure iron in the weight proportion into a non-vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, after the industrial pure iron is melted, adding the electrolytic copper plate in the weight proportion, preserving heat for 30min at 1300 ℃, uniformly stirring by using a quartz glass tube, degassing, refining, and finally covering and preserving heat for 30min by using charcoal to prepare for casting;
(3) casting of
After the heat preservation time of the alloy liquid is finished, quickly removing charcoal covered on the surface, measuring the casting temperature by using an infrared thermometer, and then casting, wherein a water-cooled copper mold is used for casting;
(4) processed product
The cast ingot is processed by hot processing and cold processing into various metal products for medical appliances with the strength of 600-1200 MPa;
in the step (2), surface pretreatment is performed before smelting of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate, and the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: respectively putting industrial pure iron and an electrolytic copper plate into acetone solution with the purity of 99.7%, cleaning the surfaces of the industrial pure iron and the electrolytic copper plate for 10-20min by using ultrasonic waves, respectively putting the cleaned industrial pure iron and the cleaned electrolytic copper plate into a drying box, and drying for 1-1.5h under the condition of hot air circulation at 50-60 ℃, wherein the power of the ultrasonic waves is 2.5-5.0kW, and the frequency is 40-80 kHz;
in the step (4), the prepared metal product for the medical apparatus is subjected to constant-current passivation treatment, and the specific treatment process is as follows: performing electrostatic dust collection on the surface of the prepared metal product in the step (4) by using an electrostatic spray gun, then adding the treated metal product into electrolyte, adjusting the pH of the electrolyte to be 4.5-6, and performing constant current of 0.3-0.7A/dm2Passivating the metal product for 3-6s at the temperature of 20-60 ℃, cleaning the passivated metal product by using deionized water, and finally drying the metal product in a drying box; and then, carrying out particle bombardment film spraying strengthening treatment on the surface of the prepared metal product for the medical apparatus, wherein the specific treatment process comprises the following steps: firstly, putting a prepared metal product into a vacuum environment with the vacuum degree of 0.2-0.5Pa, adding helium with the concentration of 99.99% into the prepared metal product through an air compressor to bombard the surface of the metal product, and stopping when pits are formed on the surface of the metal product; secondly, spraying the Monel alloy into the pits on the surface of the metal product by using a supersonic flame spraying machine to form a wear-resistant coating, and then cooling to the normal temperature; and finally, repeatedly scanning the pits on the surface of the metal product for 5-8min by emitting laser particles through a helium-neon laser, and then cooling.
2. The method for preparing the copper alloy with the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis for the medical instruments as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the industrial pure iron is added into the non-vacuum medium frequency induction furnace in the step (2), the industrial pure iron is firstly preheated with the power of 30-35kW for 10-20min, then the power is increased to 60-85kW for further heating, the melt is stirred by supersonic airflow in the heating process until the industrial pure iron is completely melted, finally, the power is increased to 80-120kW, the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, and the stirring is continued until the industrial pure iron and the industrial pure iron are completely melted and mixed.
3. The method for preparing the copper alloy with the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis for the medical instrument as claimed in claim 2, wherein the airflow speed of the supersonic airflow is 400-1200m/s, and the airflow pressure is 0.8-10 MPa.
4. The preparation method of the copper alloy with the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis for the medical apparatus and instruments as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the electrolytic copper plate is added into the industrial pure iron melt, a batch adding mode is adopted, and the specific adding process is as follows: dividing the electrolytic copper plates into three parts by weight, adding the first part of the electrolytic copper plates into an industrial pure iron melt, stirring at the speed of 150-.
5. The method for preparing the copper alloy with the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis for the medical apparatus and instruments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific processes of hot working and cold working of the cast ingot in the step (4) are as follows: preparing the cast ingot into a blank, heating the blank at 950-1200 ℃ for 1-1.5h, preserving heat for 5-6h, and then putting the blank into a hot extrusion die for hot extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion rate is 25-40mm/s, and the extrusion ratio is (4-10): 1, the hot extrusion force is 40-45mm/min, the blank processed by the hot extrusion process is placed into a heating furnace for tempering and heating, finally, the alloy blank obtained by the hot extrusion is annealed at the temperature of 760-.
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