CN110198149B - On-load voltage regulating circuit of staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer - Google Patents
On-load voltage regulating circuit of staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110198149B CN110198149B CN201910634405.3A CN201910634405A CN110198149B CN 110198149 B CN110198149 B CN 110198149B CN 201910634405 A CN201910634405 A CN 201910634405A CN 110198149 B CN110198149 B CN 110198149B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
- H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
- H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of distribution and transformation transformers, in particular to an on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer, which comprises a main winding, a polarity transfer switch, a voltage regulating winding, a transition switching unit, a rated voltage branch and a plurality of voltage regulating branches, wherein the main winding is connected with the polarity transfer switch; according to the technical scheme, a polarity change-over switch is arranged between a main winding and a voltage regulating winding, and forward and reverse voltage regulation is realized by adjusting the connection ends of independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch; one end of each voltage regulating branch is respectively connected to two end taps and each middle tap of the voltage regulating winding; the other ends are adjacently and alternately connected in parallel to form two groups, the two groups are respectively connected with the two input ends of the transition switching unit, the input end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding, and the output end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the voltage regulating circuit. The invention has the advantages of reducing the on-off frequency of the on-off switch, prolonging the service life of the corresponding voltage regulating switch, changing the transition voltage along with the voltage regulating gear in the voltage regulating process, and avoiding the need of gear jump and voltage regulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of distribution transformer transformers, in particular to an on-load positive and negative voltage regulating circuit.
Background
In application number 201610121960, the name is: the patent of 'a permanent magnet vacuum on-load voltage regulating switch, a transformer and an on-load voltage regulating method' provides an on-load voltage regulating method which uses two vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers to respectively form a main loop and a transition loop structure. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: during normal operation, the main circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected, the main circuit is in a connection state, the transition circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is disconnected, the transition circuit is in a disconnection state, and the voltage regulating winding connected by the main circuit determines the external voltage supply gear of the circuit. When the gear is switched, the transition loop vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is closed, the transition loop is in a connection state, then the main loop vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is disconnected, and the main loop is in a disconnection state. At this time, the shift switch completes the shift without current, and no arc is generated. The transition loop provides transition voltage for the circuit when the gear is switched, so that the circuit is ensured not to interrupt external supply voltage. However, the multi-stage voltage regulating circuit designed according to the method has the following disadvantages:
1. the main circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is opened once and closed once every gear switching time, and the transition circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is opened once and closed once. The main loop and the transition loop vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are used as devices with highest on-off frequency in the circuit, and the upper limit of on-off times determines the service life of the voltage regulating switch designed according to the circuit. According to the standard requirement, the mechanical life of the on-load voltage regulating switch is up to 50 ten thousand times, namely, the voltage regulating switch performs 50 ten thousand times of tapping conversion operation under the condition that the contact is not electrified and the whole tapping range is used. According to the voltage regulating circuit, the on-load voltage regulating switch with 5 gears performs one voltage regulating cycle, and the main loop and the transition loop need to act for 4×50=200 ten thousand times. For a 9-gear on-load tap changer, the main loop and the transition loop are operated 8×50=400 ten thousand times. The mechanical life of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is required to be 80-120 ten thousand times. Therefore, according to the voltage regulating switch produced by the voltage regulating circuit, the mechanical life is a serious test, and the estimation is that the mechanical life does not reach the standard requirement.
2. The transition loop is fixedly connected to a certain tap joint, and the voltage regulation of any gear is firstly returned to the fixed tap joint and then regulated to the gear needing the voltage regulation, commonly called as gear jump voltage regulation. The instantaneous change of the voltage can generate operation overvoltage with high amplitude, and the higher the instantaneous change rate of the voltage is, the higher the amplitude of the generated overvoltage is, and the damage to electronic products in a power grid is great. The standard does not allow for skip-shift voltage regulation.
The application number is: 201721680735.9, the name is: in the patent of 'an on-load voltage regulation method adopting a double-throw switch', the patent 201610121960 is improved: the tapping coil has a simpler structure; the transition circuit is connected to the target gear, rather than to the main winding end of the transformer, so that the voltage fluctuations during shifting are small. There are several variations of this patent. But the fundamental two points are the same as patent 201610121960: 1. every time the gear is switched once, the main circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is opened once, and the transition circuit is opened once. The upper limit of the on-off times determines the service life of the voltage regulating switch designed according to the circuit. 2. The transition circuit is fixedly connected with the tap of the main winding, and the voltage regulation is still a jump stop voltage regulation, which is not allowed by the standard.
In patent 201820286271.1, the improvement of patent 201721680735.9 is further improved, and transition loop selection switches are added (the number of transition loop selection switches is changed according to different voltage-regulating gears, and 2 transition loop selection switches are needed for 5 gears). The transition loop is not fixedly connected with the main tapping gear of the voltage regulating winding, but is changed along with the change of the gear through a transition loop selection switch. However, each time the gear is switched, the main circuit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is opened once, and the transition circuit is opened once. The upper limit of the on-off times of the circuit determines the service life of the voltage regulating switch designed according to the circuit, and the defect of the service life of the voltage regulating switch is still unchanged. And as the number of switching gear numbers increases, the number of transition loop selection switches also increases, and the switch structure tends to be complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the new circuit structure is designed to replace the design of a transition loop and a main loop, so that the on-off frequency of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in a circuit in the voltage regulating process is reduced, and the purpose of prolonging the service life of a corresponding voltage regulating switch is achieved; in the voltage regulation process, the transition voltage is different along with the different gear positions of transition switching, so that the voltage fluctuation during voltage regulation is reduced, and the problem of gear jump voltage regulation is avoided; meanwhile, the positive and negative voltage regulating function is added into the on-load voltage regulating circuit, so that the purposes of reducing the number of voltage regulating windings, simplifying the structure of the transformer and reducing the manufacturing cost are achieved on the premise of the same gear number.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the technical scheme that:
an on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer comprises a main winding, a polarity change-over switch, a voltage regulating winding, a transition switching unit, a rated voltage branch and a plurality of voltage regulating branches;
the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting N sections of coils wound in the same direction end to end, the voltage regulating winding comprises two end taps and N-1 middle taps, the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of the polarity conversion switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with two end taps of the voltage regulating winding;
the transition switching unit comprises two input ends and an output end, and the output end of the transition switching unit is used as the output end of the voltage regulating circuit; the first input end of the transition switching unit and the output end of the transition switching unit are connected in series with an on-off switch and a transition resistor which are mutually connected in parallel, and the second input end of the transition switching unit is connected with the output end of the transition switching unit (the output end of the transition switching unit is also the output end of the voltage regulating circuit);
preferably, the transition switching unit is formed by connecting a transition resistor and an on-off switch in parallel, the first input end of the transition switching unit is connected with the first end of the transition resistor and the first end of the on-off switch, the second input end of the transition switching unit is also used as the output end of the transition switching unit, and the output end of the transition switching unit is connected with the second end of the transition resistor and the second end of the on-off switch.
Preferably, the on-off switch in the transition switching unit is a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, and the electric arc does not pollute transformer oil.
Each voltage regulating branch is connected with an on-off switch in series, and one end of each voltage regulating branch is respectively connected to two end taps of the voltage regulating winding and each middle tap; the other ends of the voltage regulating branches are adjacently and alternately connected in parallel to form two groups, and the two groups are respectively connected with the two input ends of the transition switching unit; preferably, the on-off switch adopts a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, and the electric arc does not pollute transformer oil.
An on-off switch is connected in series on the rated voltage branch, and one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding; the other end is connected with any one end of the transition switching unit. Preferably, the rated voltage branch is connected to the first input end of the transition switching unit, and the output current does not need to pass through a switch in the transition switching unit in the rated gear; the on-off switch is preferably a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, and the electric arc does not pollute transformer oil;
specifically, each voltage regulating coil of the voltage regulating winding is connected end to end, and the number of the voltage regulating coils in the voltage regulating winding is determined according to the gear of the voltage regulating circuit which is required to be designed. The five-gear voltage regulating circuit comprises a voltage regulating winding and a voltage regulating circuit, wherein the voltage regulating winding consists of two voltage regulating coils; the seven-gear voltage regulating circuit comprises three voltage regulating coils. The voltage regulating winding can be connected in series with the head end, the middle part or the tail end of the main winding of the transformer to form an end part, the middle part or a neutral point voltage regulating.
The two ends of the voltage regulating coils are respectively provided with a tap of the voltage regulating winding, wherein the adjacent voltage regulating coil ends share one tap, and the tap number of the voltage regulating winding is obtained by adding one to the number of the voltage regulating coils forming the voltage regulating winding. The tap numbers of the voltage regulating coils are sequentially defined as 1, 2 and n from one end to the other end of the whole voltage regulating winding. And the number 1 tap and the number n tap are two end taps of the voltage regulating winding.
The number of the voltage regulating branches is consistent with that of the voltage regulating winding taps, and one end of each voltage regulating branch is connected with one corresponding voltage regulating winding tap.
Defining a voltage regulating branch connected with a tap No. 1 as a branch No. 1, defining a voltage regulating branch connected with a tap No. 2 as a branch No. 2, and so on until an n-branch is reached.
The other end of each pressure regulating branch is provided with two connecting modes:
the first connection mode is as follows: the other ends of all odd-numbered voltage regulating branches are connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit; the other ends of all even-numbered voltage regulating branches are connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit.
And the connection mode II is as follows: the other ends of all even-numbered voltage regulating branches are connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit; the other ends of all odd-numbered voltage regulating branches are connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit.
The second input end of the transition switching unit is connected with the output end of the whole voltage regulating circuit, so that the voltage regulating branch connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit is defined as a direct connection voltage regulating branch.
In the first connection mode, the odd-numbered voltage regulating branches are direct connection voltage regulating branches; the even-numbered voltage regulating branches are non-direct connection voltage regulating branches.
In the second connection mode, the odd-numbered voltage regulating branches are non-direct connection voltage regulating branches; the even-numbered voltage regulating branches are direct-connected voltage regulating branches.
The polarity transfer switch is in an upper end connection state, the polarity of the voltage regulating winding connected to the circuit is the same as that of the main winding, and the circuit can regulate the voltage of the positive electrode; the polarity transfer switch is in a lower end connection state, the polarity of the voltage regulating winding connected to the circuit is opposite to that of the main winding, and the circuit can perform opposite-pole voltage regulation.
In the positive pole voltage regulation process or the negative pole voltage regulation process, the voltage regulation winding of the access circuit can be regulated by selecting to independently close the on-off switch of any voltage regulation branch, and different gears are corresponding.
The on-off switch of any non-direct connection voltage regulating branch is in a closed state, and meanwhile, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is also in an on state, so that the voltage regulating circuit is in a normal running state corresponding to a gear at the moment, and the state is defined as a normal working state of a non-direct connection circuit.
The on-off switch of the direct-connection voltage regulating branch circuit is in a closed state, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is in an open state, the voltage regulating circuit is in a normal running state corresponding to the gear at the moment, and the state is defined as a normal working state of the direct-connection circuit.
From the circuit structure, one voltage regulating branch is a direct connection voltage regulating branch, and the adjacent voltage regulating branch is necessarily a non-direct connection voltage regulating branch. In the multi-gear transformer voltage regulating circuit under the scheme, each voltage regulating branch is necessarily connected in an alternating mode.
The voltage regulating circuit under the technical scheme is used for switching the gear from the normal working state of one voltage regulating branch to the normal working state of the other voltage regulating branch adjacent to the voltage regulating branch. Either the normal working state of the direct connection voltage regulating branch is switched to the normal working state of the non-direct connection voltage regulating branch, or the normal working state of the non-direct connection voltage regulating branch is switched to the normal working state of the direct connection voltage regulating branch.
From the circuit structure, as long as the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is in an off state, the transition resistor is always connected in series between two adjacent voltage regulating branches, so that when the two adjacent voltage regulating branches are in an on state at the same time, the circuit is not shorted, the two voltage regulating branches are allowed to be in an on state at the same time, and the power supply is not interrupted in the voltage regulating process.
Therefore, the voltage regulation can be started as long as the on-off switch in the transition switching unit is in an off state.
If the direct connection voltage regulating branch circuit is switched from the normal working state to the normal working state of the non-direct connection voltage regulating branch circuit, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is in the off state at the moment because the direct connection voltage regulating branch circuit is in the normal working state, so that the on-off switch of the corresponding non-direct connection voltage regulating branch circuit is only closed, then the on-off switch of the corresponding direct connection voltage regulating branch circuit is opened, and then the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is turned on, and the one-time gear switching is completed.
If the normal working state of the non-direct connection voltage regulating branch is switched to the normal working state of the direct connection voltage regulating branch, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is in the on state because the non-direct connection branch is in the normal working state, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit is firstly turned off, then the on-off switch of the corresponding direct connection voltage regulating branch is turned on, and then the on-off switch of the corresponding non-direct connection branch is turned off, so that one-time gear switching is completed.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is not unique in connection mode, and the same technical effect can be realized as long as each voltage regulating branch circuit meets the mode of direct connection and non-direct connection alternate connection. The two connection modes can be regarded as two preferred embodiments under the same invention.
Therefore, when the transformer designed by the invention is used, the on-off switch in the transition switching unit is only turned on or turned off once when the gear is switched once. The gear is continuously switched twice, and the on-off switch in the transition switching unit is opened and closed once. In the prior art, each time the gear is switched, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers of the transition loop of the main loop are opened and closed once respectively.
It can be concluded that compared with the prior art, on the one hand, the technical scheme can reduce the switching times of half of the on-off switches on the premise of the same voltage regulating times. On the other hand, the technical scheme of the invention always enables the voltage regulating branch of the previous gear to provide transition voltage for the voltage regulating branch of the adjacent gear, so that the transition voltage can always change along with the different voltage regulating gears.
In addition to the positive voltage regulation and the negative voltage regulation, the positive voltage regulation and the negative voltage regulation are switched from the positive voltage regulation to the negative voltage regulation or from the negative voltage regulation to the positive voltage regulation. In the switching process, the polarity change switch is required to be changed from the upper end connection to the lower end connection or from the lower end connection to the upper end connection, and in the switching process, each voltage regulating branch is necessarily in an off state, so that transition voltage cannot be provided for the voltage regulating circuit.
The rated voltage branch is directly connected between the tap of the main winding and the output end of the voltage regulating circuit by bypassing the polarity change switch, the on-off switch of the rated voltage branch is closed, and the rated voltage branch is in an on state, so that the circuit is ensured not to interrupt voltage supply when the positive and negative voltage regulation is switched.
Preferably, the on-off switch of the transition switching unit adopts a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, and the electric arc does not pollute transformer oil;
preferably, the on-off switches respectively connected with the voltage regulating branch and the rated voltage branch in series are all vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, and the electric arc does not pollute transformer oil.
Alternatively, a first vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected in series on a line from the second input end to the output end in the transition switching unit, a second vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected in series on a line from the first input end to the output end through the transition resistor, and meanwhile, the on-off switches respectively connected in series on the voltage regulating branch and the rated voltage branch are common on-off switches.
Further, as an option, an on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel multi-gear transformer comprises a main winding, a polarity transfer switch, a voltage regulating winding, a transition switching unit, a rated voltage branch and three voltage regulating branches; the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting two sections of voltage regulating coils wound in the same direction from beginning to end, the voltage regulating winding comprises an upper tap, a middle tap and a lower tap, the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of the polarity change switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with an upper end tap and a lower end tap of the voltage regulating winding;
the transition switching unit comprises two input ends and an output end, a transition resistor and a transition unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber which are connected in series and in parallel are arranged between the first input end of the transition switching unit and the output end of the transition switching unit, the second input end of the transition switching unit is directly connected with the output end of the transition switching unit, and the second input end of the transition unit is the output end of the transition switching unit, is also the output end of the voltage regulating circuit, and is integrated with three ends.
The three voltage regulating branches are respectively connected with a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber in series on the rated voltage branch, the voltage regulating branch is connected with an upper end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with a first input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the middle-end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit; and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit.
And the rated voltage branch input end is connected with the main winding output end, and the rated voltage branch output end is connected with the voltage regulating circuit output end.
Alternatively, an on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer comprises a main winding, a polarity change-over switch, a voltage regulating winding, a transition switching unit, a rated voltage branch and three voltage regulating branches; the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting two sections of voltage regulating coils wound in the same direction from beginning to end, the voltage regulating winding comprises an upper tap, a middle tap and a lower tap, the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of the polarity change switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with an upper end tap and a lower end tap of the voltage regulating winding;
the transition switching unit comprises two input ends and an output end, a transition resistor and a transition unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber which are connected in series and in parallel are arranged between the first input end of the transition switching unit and the output end of the transition switching unit, the second input end of the transition switching unit is directly connected with the output end of the transition switching unit, and the second input end of the transition unit is the output end of the transition switching unit, is also the output end of the voltage regulating circuit, and is integrated with three ends.
The three voltage regulating branches are respectively connected with a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber in series on the rated voltage branch, the voltage regulating branch is connected with an upper end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with a second input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the middle-end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the tap at the lower end, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit;
the input end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding, and the output end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the voltage regulating circuit.
In summary, the transformer designed according to the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of long service life, small voltage fluctuation during transformation, high output voltage quality, halving the number of voltage regulating windings in the same gear and low manufacturing cost.
In the present invention, the input terminal and the output terminal are defined for clearly showing the connection relation of the respective constituent parts of the circuit, wherein "input" and "output" are used only to distinguish different connection terminals and do not represent the flow or transmission direction of current or signal.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a five-gear on-load positive and negative voltage regulating circuit applying the technical scheme of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a five-gear on-load positive and negative voltage regulating circuit in another connection mode applying the technical scheme of the invention.
Detailed Description
The structural features and the working principle of the positive and negative voltage regulating circuit are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a five-gear transformer voltage regulating circuit according to the technical scheme in this aspect is shown, and the circuit is composed of a main winding, a voltage regulating winding, rated voltage branches, a transition switching unit and three voltage regulating branches.
The transition switching unit comprises a first input end T1, a second input end T2, an output end Xb, and a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 and a transition resistor R which are connected in series between the first input end T1 and the output end Xb.
The first voltage regulating coil L1 and the second voltage regulating coil L2 are connected end to form a voltage regulating winding, two ends of the voltage regulating coil are respectively provided with a voltage regulating winding tap, wherein adjacent voltage regulating coil ends share one voltage regulating winding tap, and the two voltage regulating coils are respectively provided with three voltage regulating winding taps, namely an upper end tap X1, a middle end tap X2 and a lower end tap X3.
The common contact of the polarity change-over switch KaKb is connected with the output end Xa of the main winding, and the two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with the upper end tap X1 and the lower end tap X3 of the voltage regulating winding.
The on-off switch D1, the on-off switch D2, the on-off switch D3 and the on-off switch Ke are all vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers.
One end of the on-off switch D1 is connected with a tap X1 at the upper end of the voltage regulating winding, and the other end of the on-off switch D1 is connected with a second input end T2 of the transition switching unit and is used as a voltage regulating branch.
One end of the on-off switch D2 is connected with a tap X2 at the middle end of the voltage regulating winding, the other end of the on-off switch D2 is connected with a first input end T1 of the transition switching unit, and the on-off switch D2 is connected with an output end Xb of the voltage regulating circuit through a parallel structure of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 and the resistor R and serves as a voltage regulating branch.
One end of the on-off switch D3 is connected with a tap X3 at the lower end of the voltage regulating winding, and the other end of the on-off switch D is connected with a second input end T2 of the transition switching unit and is used as a voltage regulating branch.
And one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end Xa of the main winding, and the other end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the second input end T2 of the transition switching unit.
The combination states of the polarity transfer switch and the on-off switches and the correspondence of each gear of the voltage regulating circuit are as follows:
gear 1: ka closes D3 and D0 disconnection voltage regulating winding L1, L2 all positive access circuit
Gear 2: ka-D2-DO-voltage-regulating winding L1 positive access circuit
3 rd gear: ka closes D1 and D0 disconnection voltage regulating winding L1, L2 and does not insert circuit
3 rd gear: kb and D3 and D0 disconnection voltage regulating winding L1 and L2 are not connected into circuit
4 th gear: kb closes D2 to close D0 and closes voltage regulating winding L2 reverse access circuit
Gear 5: kb closes D1 and closes D0 disconnection voltage regulating winding L1, L2 all reverse access circuit
The pressure regulating process is as follows:
in the first gear, the Ka end of the polarity conversion switch is in an on state, the on-off switch D3 is in an on state, the transition switching unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 is in an off state, and the voltage regulating windings L1 and L2 are connected to the circuit.
When the first gear is switched to the second gear, the on-off switch D2 is closed, the first gear circuit and the second gear circuit are connected together, and the transition resistor R is used for protecting the circuit from short circuit. The on-off switch D1 is then turned off, and the first-gear circuit is in an off state. Then the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 is closed, and the circuit is switched from first gear to second gear.
When the switching from the second gear to the third gear is performed, the transition switching unit vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 is firstly opened, then the on-off switch D3 is closed, then the on-off switch D2 is opened, and the circuit is switched from the second gear to the third gear.
When switching from third gear to fourth gear, the switching from positive voltage regulation to negative voltage regulation is finished first, the on-off switch Ke is closed first, and the rated voltage branch is in an on state. Then the on-off switch D1 is turned off, the polarity change-over switch KaKb is in an off state, and in the off state, the polarity change-over switch is switched from Ka end on to Kb end on. Then the on-off switch D3 is closed, the on-off switch Ke. is opened to finish the switching from the forward voltage regulation to the reverse voltage regulation, and the circuit is always in the third gear.
When the three-gear is switched to the four-gear, the on-off switch D2 is closed, the on-off switch D3 is opened, then the transition switching unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 is closed, and the circuit is switched from the three-gear to the four-gear.
When the four-gear is switched to the five-gear, the transition switching unit vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 is firstly disconnected, then the on-off switch D1 is closed, then the on-off switch D2 is disconnected, and the circuit is switched from the four-gear to the five-gear.
The five-gear voltage regulating circuit designed by the prior art needs four voltage regulating windings, and the five-gear voltage regulating circuit designed by the invention only needs 2 voltage regulating windings, so that the use amount of half of the voltage regulating windings is reduced, and the corresponding production cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the transition voltage of the design circuit changes along with the voltage regulation gear in the voltage regulation process, so that the voltage fluctuation is small, and the problem of gear jump voltage regulation is avoided; in the prior art, the voltage regulating process from first gear to fifth gear is completed once, four gear switching needs to be carried out, and the main loop and the rated voltage branch vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are opened and closed four times. According to the technical scheme, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with the highest on-off frequency in the circuit is only required to be opened twice, so that half on-off times are reduced, and the effective use times of the corresponding transformer are greatly improved.
The five-gear on-load positive and negative voltage regulating transformer designed by the voltage regulating method has the advantages of low cost, long service life and high voltage quality.
Referring to fig. 2, another schematic diagram of a five-gear transformer voltage regulating circuit according to the technical scheme in this aspect is shown, and the circuit is composed of a main winding, a voltage regulating winding, a rated voltage branch, a transition switching unit and three voltage regulating branches.
The transition switching unit comprises a first input end T1, a second input end T2, an output end Xb, and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 and a transition resistor R which are connected in series between the first input end T1 and the output end Xb.
The first voltage regulating coil L1 and the second voltage regulating coil L2 are connected end to form a voltage regulating winding, two ends of the voltage regulating coil are respectively provided with a voltage regulating winding tap, wherein adjacent voltage regulating coil ends share one voltage regulating winding tap, and the two voltage regulating coils are respectively provided with three voltage regulating winding taps, namely an upper end tap X1, a middle end tap X2 and a lower end tap X3.
The common contact of the polarity change-over switch KaKb is connected with the output end Xa of the main winding, and the two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with the upper end tap X1 and the lower end tap X3 of the voltage regulating winding.
The on-off switch D1, the on-off switch D2, the on-off switch D3 and the on-off switch Ke are all vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers.
One end of the on-off switch D1 is connected with a tap X1 at the upper end of the voltage regulating winding, the other end of the on-off switch D1 is connected with a first input end T1 of the transition switching unit, and the on-off switch D1 is connected with an output end Xb of the voltage regulating circuit through a parallel structure of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 and the resistor R and serves as a voltage regulating branch.
One end of the on-off switch D2 is connected with the tap X2 at the middle end of the voltage regulating winding, and the other end of the on-off switch D2 is connected with the second input end T2 of the transition switching unit and is used as a voltage regulating branch.
One end of the on-off switch D3 is connected with a tap X3 at the lower end of the voltage regulating winding, the other end of the on-off switch D3 is connected with a first input end T1 of the transition switching unit, and the on-off switch D is connected with an output end Xb of the voltage regulating circuit through a parallel structure of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 and the resistor R and is used as a voltage regulating branch.
And one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end Xa of the main winding, and the other end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the second input end T2 of the transition switching unit.
The combination states of the polarity transfer switch and the on-off switches of all branches correspond to all gears of the voltage regulating circuit as follows:
gear 1: ka closes D3 and closes D0 and closes voltage regulating winding L1, L2 and all just insert circuit
Gear 2: ka-D2-DO-disconnection voltage-regulating winding L1 positive access circuit
3 rd gear: ka-D1-D0-voltage-regulating winding L1 and L2 are not connected into circuit
3 rd gear: kb and D3 and D0 voltage-regulating windings L1 and L2 are not connected into circuit
4 th gear: kb closes D2 and closes D0 disconnection voltage regulating winding L2 reverse access circuit
Gear 5: kb and D1 and D0 and voltage regulating winding L1 and L2 reverse connection circuit
The pressure regulating process is as follows:
in the first gear, the Ka end of the polarity conversion switch is in an on state, the on-off switch D3 is in an off state, the transition switching unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 is in an off state, and the voltage regulating windings L1 and L2 are connected to the circuit.
When the first gear is switched to the second gear, the transition switching unit vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 is firstly disconnected, then the on-off switch D2 is closed, the first gear circuit and the second gear circuit are connected together, and the transition resistor R protects the circuit from short circuit. The on-off switch D3 is then turned off, and the first-gear circuit is in an off state. And then the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D0 is disconnected, and the circuit finishes switching from first gear to second gear.
When the switching from the second gear to the third gear is performed, the on-off switch D1 is closed, the on-off switch D2 is opened, the transition switching unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 is closed, and the circuit is switched from the second gear to the third gear.
When switching from third gear to fourth gear, the switching from positive voltage regulation to negative voltage regulation is finished first, the on-off switch Ke is closed first, and the rated voltage branch is in an on state. Then the on-off switch D1 is turned off, and the polarity changeover switch KaKb is in an off state, in which the on-off end of the polarity changeover switch is switched. The polarity change switch is switched from Ka end connection to Kb end connection. Then the on-off switch D3 is closed, the on-off switch Ke. is opened to finish the switching from the forward voltage regulation to the reverse voltage regulation, and the circuit is always in the third gear.
When the three-gear is switched to the four-gear, the transition switching unit vacuum arc extinguishing chamber D is firstly opened, then the on-off switch D2 is closed, the on-off switch D3 is opened, and the circuit is switched from the three-gear to the four-gear.
When the four-gear is switched to the five-gear, the on-off switch D1 is closed, the on-off switch D2 is opened, the transition switching unit vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber D0 is closed, and the circuit is switched from the four-gear to the five-gear.
The circuit of fig. 2 has the same technical effect as the circuit of fig. 1, although the connection is different. Compared with the prior art, the method also realizes the purposes of reducing the usage amount of the voltage regulating winding by half and reducing the corresponding production cost; meanwhile, the transition voltage of the design circuit changes along with the voltage regulation gear in the voltage regulation process, so that the problem of gear jump voltage regulation is avoided; the on-off frequency of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in the circuit is low.
Claims (6)
1. An on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer comprises a main winding, a polarity change-over switch, a voltage regulating winding, a transition switching unit, a rated voltage branch and a plurality of voltage regulating branches; the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting N sections of coils wound in the same direction from beginning to end, comprises two end taps and N-1 middle taps, wherein the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of a voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of a polarity change switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with two end taps of the voltage regulating winding; the transition switching unit comprises two input ends and an output end, and the output end of the transition switching unit is used as the output end of the voltage regulating circuit; the first input end of the transition switching unit is connected with the output end of the transition switching unit in series, and the transition resistor and the on-off switch of the transition switching unit are connected in parallel; one end of each voltage regulating branch is respectively connected to two end taps and each middle tap of the voltage regulating winding; the other ends of the voltage regulating branches are adjacently and alternately connected in parallel to form two groups, and the two groups are respectively connected with the two input ends of the transition switching unit; each voltage regulating branch and each rated voltage branch are respectively connected in series with an on-off switch; an on-off switch is connected in series on the rated voltage branch, and one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding; the other end is connected with any one end of the transition switching unit;
the transition switching unit is formed by connecting a transition resistor and an on-off switch in parallel, wherein a first input end of the transition switching unit is connected with a first end of the transition resistor and a first end of the on-off switch, a second input end of the transition switching unit is also used as an output end of the transition switching unit, and an output end of the transition switching unit is connected with a second end of the transition resistor and a second end of the on-off switch; the on-off switch of the transition switching unit adopts a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber.
2. The on-load voltage regulating circuit of an interleaved parallel multi-stage transformer according to claim 1 wherein: and one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding, and the other end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the transition switching unit.
3. The on-load voltage regulating circuit of a staggered parallel multi-gear transformer according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulating branch and the on-off switch connected in series on the rated voltage branch can both adopt a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber.
4. The on-load voltage regulating circuit of an interleaved parallel multi-stage transformer according to claim 1 wherein: a first vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected in series on a line from a second input end to an output end in the transition switching unit, a second vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected in series on a line from the first input end to the output end through a resistor, and a voltage regulating branch and an on-off switch connected in series on a rated voltage branch are both common on-off switches.
5. The on-load voltage regulating circuit of an interleaved parallel multi-stage transformer according to claim 1 wherein: the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting two sections of voltage regulating coils wound in the same direction from beginning to end, the voltage regulating winding comprises an upper tap, a middle tap and a lower tap, the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of the polarity change switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with an upper end tap and a lower end tap of the voltage regulating winding; the three voltage regulating branches and the rated voltage branch are respectively connected with a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in series;
the voltage regulating branch is connected with the upper end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the middle-end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the tap at the lower end, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit;
and one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding, and the other end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the transition switching unit.
6. The on-load voltage regulating circuit of an interleaved parallel multi-stage transformer according to claim 1 wherein: the voltage regulating winding is formed by sequentially connecting two sections of voltage regulating coils wound in the same direction from beginning to end, the voltage regulating winding comprises an upper tap, a middle tap and a lower tap, the input end of the main winding is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the output end of the main winding is connected with a common contact of the polarity change switch; two independent contacts of the polarity change-over switch are respectively connected with an upper end tap and a lower end tap of the voltage regulating winding; the three voltage regulating branches and the rated voltage branch are respectively connected with a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in series;
the voltage regulating branch is connected with the upper end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the middle-end tap, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the first input end of the transition switching unit; the voltage regulating branch is connected with the tap at the lower end, and the other end of the voltage regulating branch is connected with the second input end of the transition switching unit;
and one end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the main winding, and the other end of the rated voltage branch is connected with the output end of the transition switching unit.
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| CN201910634405.3A CN110198149B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | On-load voltage regulating circuit of staggered parallel type multi-gear transformer |
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| CN207676783U (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-07-31 | 济南爱迪电气设备有限公司 | A kind of on-load voltage regulating switch using commutator |
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