CN110197861B - 一种AlInGaN基发光二极管 - Google Patents

一种AlInGaN基发光二极管 Download PDF

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CN110197861B
CN110197861B CN201910522319.3A CN201910522319A CN110197861B CN 110197861 B CN110197861 B CN 110197861B CN 201910522319 A CN201910522319 A CN 201910522319A CN 110197861 B CN110197861 B CN 110197861B
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全知觉
刘军林
张建立
江风益
莫春兰
郑畅达
王小兰
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Nanchang Guiji Semiconductor Technology Co ltd
Nanchang University
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    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/20Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
    • H01L33/24Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate of the light emitting region, e.g. non-planar junction
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/26Materials of the light emitting region
    • H01L33/30Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
    • H01L33/32Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
    • H01L33/325Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen characterised by the doping materials

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种AlInGaN基发光二极管,从下至上依次包括:N型AlInGaN层、具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层、n区空穴阻挡层、AlInGaN基有源层、P型AlInGaN层,其特征在于:所述P型AlInGaN层中含有p区空穴阻挡层;所述n区空穴阻挡层仅形成于所述具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层的V型缺陷侧壁,禁带宽度大于n区空穴阻挡层两侧半导体层;所述AlInGaN基有源层表面上具有V型缺陷和连接所述V型缺陷的平面区,所述P型AlInGaN层形成于所述平面区的上面并填充所述V型缺陷,所述p区空穴阻挡层仅位于所述平面区的上面,禁带宽度大于p区空穴阻挡层两侧半导体层。本发明采用高铝组分的空穴阻挡层,使空穴和电子集中在平面区复合发光,大大地提高了发光效率。

Description

一种AlInGaN基发光二极管
技术领域
本发明涉及发光二极管领域,尤其是涉及一种AlInGaN基发光二极管。
背景技术
氮化物LED普遍存在较大工作电流密度下,发光效率随电流的增大而减小的现象,这一现象被称为“效率Droop效应”。产生Droop效应的原因在学术界依然存在争议,但主要包括电子泄漏、电子空穴不匹配、俄歇复合等几种。大量研究表明,电子泄漏和电子空穴不匹配的主要原因是氮化物LED的P型载流子(空穴)不足以及在多量子阱中分布严重不均匀。由于空穴浓度低于电子浓度,因此改善空穴输运并使空穴更为均匀的分布于多量子阱中将直接影响到空穴与电子的匹配,对于LED的发光效率具有显著影响。近年来提出了利用量子阱区域的V型缺陷,虽可以提高空穴的注入效率,并在非V型缺陷区域也有一定的空穴注入,但这部分注入区域的注入效率低下。
授权公告号为CN105742423B的中国专利公开了一种发光二极管,其有源层的表面上具有V型缺陷和连接所述V型缺陷的平面区,所述n型氮化物插入层仅位于所述平面区,所述p型氮化物层形成于所述平面区并填充所述V型缺陷,所述平面区的p型电子阻挡层、n型氮化物插入层和p型氮化物层构成P-N-P结构,当注入电流时促使空穴全部从所述V型缺陷处注入所述有源层。在此发明中,当越多空穴从侧壁注入有源层时,则不可避免地会使更多的空穴穿越有源层泄漏进入超晶格层和n型氮化物层,从而导致进入有源层参与辐射发光的空穴数量减少。同时由于n型氮化物插入层中中存在电子,电子会进入到所述p型氮化物层与空穴复合,使空穴数量减少,降低发光效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能大大地提高发光效率的AlInGaN基发光二极管,是在超晶格层V型缺陷侧壁与有源层之间设置高势垒的n区空穴阻挡层,使电子全部从平面区进入有源层,并在V型缺陷处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入有源层平面区;同时在平面区设置高势垒的p区空穴阻挡层,使空穴从V型缺陷处注入有源层,并在平面区阻挡电子使电子留在有源层。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种AlInGaN基发光二极管,从下至上依次包括: N型AlInGaN层、具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层、n区空穴阻挡层、AlInGaN基有源层、P型AlInGaN层,其特征在于:所述P型AlInGaN层中含有p区空穴阻挡层;所述n区空穴阻挡层仅形成于所述具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层的V型缺陷侧壁,禁带宽度大于n区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层;所述AlInGaN基有源层的表面上具有V型缺陷和连接所述V型缺陷的平面区,所述P型AlInGaN层形成于所述平面区的上面并填充所述V型缺陷,所述p区空穴阻挡层仅位于所述平面区的上面,p区空穴阻挡层的禁带宽度大于p区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层。
所述n区空穴阻挡层形成高势垒,使电子全部从所述平面区域进入AlInGaN基有源层,并在V型缺陷处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入AlInGaN基有源层平面区;所述P区空穴阻挡层形成高势垒,使空穴从所述V型缺陷处注入AlInGaN基有源层,并在平面区阻挡电子使电子留在AlInGaN基有源层。
注入的空穴在所述有源层中横向迁移。
优选地,所述n区空穴阻挡层的材质为AlxGa1-xN, 0.2≤x≤1,厚度为10-100nm,非故意掺杂。
优选地,所述P区空穴阻挡层的材质为AlyGa1-yN,0.2≤y≤1,厚度为10-100nm,非故意掺杂。
优选地,所述p区空穴阻挡层的下表面至所述AlInGaN基有源层上表面的距离为d,0≤d≤50nm。
相比于现有技术,本发明的有益效果是:n区空穴阻挡层为高Al组分,n区空穴阻挡层的势垒高度和禁带宽度都大于n区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层,能阻挡电子从V型缺陷处进入,从而使得电子全部从平面区域进入有源层,并在V型缺陷处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入有源层平面区。P区空穴阻挡层为高Al组分,P区空穴阻挡层的势垒高度和禁带宽度都大于P区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层,能阻挡空穴从平面区注入,使空穴从所述V型缺陷处注入有源层,并在平面区阻挡电子使电子留在有源层。电子与空穴更多地集中在有源层,且空穴在有源层中横向迁移,在平面区域与电子复合发光,大大地提高了发光效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的一种AlInGaN基发光二极管剖面图;
图2为本发明实施例2和实施例3的一种AlInGaN基发光二极管剖面图;
图示说明:100-衬底,200-缓冲层,300-N型AlInGaN层,400-具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层,500-n区空穴阻挡层,600- AlInGaN基有源层,601-V型缺陷,602-平面区,700-p区空穴阻挡层,800-P型AlInGaN层,900- P型AlInGaN接触层。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例并对照附图对本发明进行进一步的说明。
实施例1:
如图1所示为一种AlInGaN基发光二极管的剖面图,该发光二极管自下而上依次包括:衬底100、缓冲层200、N型AlInGaN层300、具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400、n区空穴阻挡层500、AlInGaN基有源层600、p区空穴阻挡层700、P型AlInGaN层800、P型AlInGaN接触层900。其中,n区空穴阻挡层500仅形成于具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400的V型缺陷侧壁。AlInGaN基有源层600具有V型缺陷601和连接该V型缺陷601的平面区602,p区空穴阻挡层700仅形成于平面区602的上面,P型AlInGaN层800形成于平面区602的上面并填充该V型缺陷601。
其中,n区空穴阻挡层500材质为AlxGa1-xN, x=0.2,厚度为10nm,非故意掺杂。p区空穴阻挡层700材质为AlyGa1-yN, y=0.2,厚度为10nm,非故意掺杂。
在上述结构中,n区空穴阻挡层500为高铝组分的AlxGa1-xN层,n区空穴阻挡层500的势垒高度和禁带宽度大于具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400和V型缺陷601,使电子全部从平面区602进入AlInGaN基有源层600,并在V型缺陷601处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入AlInGaN基有源层600的平面区602。
p区空穴阻挡层700为高铝组分的AlyGa1-yN层,p区空穴阻挡层700的势垒高度和禁带宽度大于平面区602和P型AlInGaN层800,使空穴全部从V型缺陷601处注入AlInGaN基有源层600,并在平面区602处阻挡电子使电子留在AlInGaN基有源层600。
注入的空穴在有源层600中横向迁移,大量电子与空穴集中在平面区602,在此区域复合发光,大大提升LED的发光效率。
实施例2:
如图2所示为一种AlInGaN基发光二极管的剖面图,该发光二极管自下而上依次包括:衬底100、缓冲层200、N型AlInGaN层300、具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400、n区空穴阻挡层500、AlInGaN基有源层600、P型AlInGaN层800、P型AlInGaN接触层900。其中,P型AlInGaN层800中含有p区空穴阻挡层700;n区空穴阻挡层500仅形成于具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400的V型缺陷侧壁。AlInGaN基有源层600具有V型缺陷601和连接该V型缺陷601的平面区602,p区空穴阻挡层700仅形成于平面区602的上面,P型AlInGaN层800形成于平面区602的上面并填充该V型缺陷601。
其中,n区空穴阻挡层500材质为AlxGa1-xN, x=0.5,厚度为60nm,非故意掺杂。p区空穴阻挡层700材质为AlyGa1-yN, y=0.5,厚度为50nm,非故意掺杂。p区空穴阻挡层700下表面至AlInGaN基有源层600上表面的距离为d, d=20nm。
在上述结构中,n区空穴阻挡层500为高铝组分的AlxGa1-xN层,n区空穴阻挡层500的势垒高度和禁带宽度都大于具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层400和V型缺陷601,使电子全部从平面区602进入AlInGaN基有源层600,并在V型缺陷601处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入AlInGaN基有源层600的平面区602。
p区空穴阻挡层700为高铝组分的AlyGa1-yN层,p区空穴阻挡层700的势垒高度和禁带宽度都大于P型AlInGaN层800,由于极化电场,在p区空穴阻挡层700与p区空穴阻挡层700下方P型AlInGaN层800的界面处会产生正电荷,耗尽p区空穴阻挡层700下方P型AlInGaN层800的极少量空穴,p区空穴阻挡层700上方P型AlInGaN层800的空穴从V型缺陷601处注入AlInGaN基有源层600,并在平面区602处阻挡电子使电子留在AlInGaN基有源层600。同时,由于p区空穴阻挡层700下方存在20nm的P型AlInGaN层800,减小了高铝组分的p区空穴阻挡层700对AlInGaN基有源层600产生的应力。
注入的空穴在有源层600中横向迁移,大量电子与空穴集中在平面区602,在此区域复合发光,大大提升LED的发光效率。
实施例3:
实施例3与实施例2的结构相同,不同之处在于:n区空穴阻挡层500材质为AlxGa1- xN, x=1,厚度为100nm,非故意掺杂。p区空穴阻挡层700材质为AlyGa1-yN, y=1,厚度为100nm,非故意掺杂。p区空穴阻挡层700下表面至AlInGaN基有源层600上表面的距离为d, d=50nm。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:从下至上依次包括: N型AlInGaN层、具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层、n区空穴阻挡层、AlInGaN基有源层、P型AlInGaN层,其特征在于:所述P型AlInGaN层中含有p区空穴阻挡层;所述n区空穴阻挡层仅形成于所述具有V型缺陷的AlInGaN超晶格层的V型缺陷侧壁,禁带宽度大于n区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层;所述AlInGaN基有源层的表面上具有V型缺陷和连接所述V型缺陷的平面区,所述P型AlInGaN层形成于所述平面区的上面并填充所述V型缺陷,所述p区空穴阻挡层仅位于所述平面区的上面,p区空穴阻挡层的禁带宽度大于p区空穴阻挡层两侧的半导体层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:所述n区空穴阻挡层形成高势垒,使电子全部从所述平面区域进入AlInGaN基有源层,并在V型缺陷处阻挡空穴使空穴横向注入AlInGaN基有源层的平面区;所述P区空穴阻挡层形成高势垒,使空穴从所述V型缺陷处注入AlInGaN基有源层,并在平面区阻挡电子使电子留在AlInGaN基有源层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:注入的空穴在所述有源层中横向迁移。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:所述n区空穴阻挡层的材质为AlxGa1-xN, 0.2≤x≤1,厚度为10-100nm,非故意掺杂。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:所述P区空穴阻挡层的材质为AlyGa1-yN,0.2≤y≤1,厚度为10-100nm,非故意掺杂。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的AlInGaN基发光二极管,其特征在于:所述p区空穴阻挡层的下表面至所述AlInGaN基有源层上表面的距离为d,0≤d≤50nm。
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