CN110196881A - A kind of data read-write method and block chain network structure based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of data read-write method and block chain network structure based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN110196881A CN110196881A CN201910323667.8A CN201910323667A CN110196881A CN 110196881 A CN110196881 A CN 110196881A CN 201910323667 A CN201910323667 A CN 201910323667A CN 110196881 A CN110196881 A CN 110196881A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/23—Updating
- G06F16/2365—Ensuring data consistency and integrity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of data read-write method based on block chain and block chain network structure, it include: that the underlay nodes of block chain receive the write request of user's transmission, the underlay nodes broadcast write request to other underlay nodes, and all underlay nodes know together to write request to prevent the write request to be tampered；The corresponding data of each underlay nodes write-in write request of block chain, and write request is sent to outer node layer connected to it；The outer node layer of block chain receives the write request that underlay nodes are sent and corresponding data is written；The outer node layer of block chain receives the read request that user sends, and the corresponding data of read request are inquired to return to query result to user, the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit, when read request total amount reaches the preset ratio of the upper limit, block chain increases new outer node layer to extend the ability that all outer node layers accept read request.The present invention makes block chain reading performance or write performance be able to reasonable extensions under the premise of not influencing mutual.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to block chain technical field, more particularly, to a kind of data read-write method based on block chain and
Block chain network structure.
Background technique
As the high speed of internet scale is expanded, the blowout of data volume increases, and the secure storage of data also becomes more
Come more interesting issue.Research and investigation report show, and the dangerous storages of data mechanism and can own to relevant enterprise
The multi-party role such as person causes from law and moral different degrees of trouble.
Block chain technology is the data sharing technology of decentralization, a variety of spies such as possesses opening, autonomy, can not distort
Property, this is but also it is distributed storage model most high by the safe coefficient of masses' approval at present.But its is expansible
Property problem be always an important factor for hindering it further to develop, this is also the problem of researcher compares concern now.With
Block chain technology is increasingly popularized, and the read-write requests frequency of user and block chain is constantly soaring, and block chain node is thus caused to hold
Increase to the read-write requests exponentially grade received, can directly cause network blockage, or even paralysis.Therefore, block linkwork how is promoted
System bears the ability of read-write requests, exactly solves one of the key of block chain scalability problem.
Although in the existing solution, there is side chain, the technical research such as lightning network are conceived to the expansible of block chain
Property problem, it is but unbalanced in read-write requests frequency, and read request frequency is much larger than under the scene of write request frequency, or meeting
There is a problem of that dilatation is unreasonable, i.e., can reduce the write performance of block chain while improving block chain reading performance.For example, working as
When storing electronic health record progress data sharing using block catenary system, the mechanism quantity due to participating in data sharing can increasingly increase
It is long, and keep stablizing by the demand of medical record data write-in block chain daily, growth rate is total far below block chain case history is read
The read request demand growth rate enjoyed.Therefore the frequency that the medical record data on block chain is read, which can be much larger than, writes medical record data
Enter the frequency on block chain.At this point, increasing block chain if carrying out dilatation using number of nodes of traditional technology to block chain
Although data that the quantity of node improves block chain read ability, but can reduce the identical writing speed write under conditions of demand, drop
Low write performance will cause the unreasonable problem of dilatation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, long-range in read request frequency it is an object of the invention to solve existing block chain network
Under the scene of write request frequency, there can be the unreasonable technical problem of dilatation.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of data read-write method based on block chain, including with
Lower step:
One underlay nodes of block chain receive the write request that user sends, other internal layers of the underlay nodes to block chain
Write request described in node broadcasts, and all underlay nodes know together to the write request to prevent the write request to be tampered；Institute
The node for stating block chain includes multiple underlay nodes and multiple outer node layers, is connected with each other between multiple underlay nodes, outer layer section
Point is connect with underlay nodes；
Each underlay nodes of block chain are written the corresponding data of the write request, and by the write request be sent to and its
The outer node layer of connection；
The outer node layer of block chain receives the write request that underlay nodes are sent and corresponding data is written；
The outer node layer of block chain receives the read request that user sends, and inquiry read request is corresponding in the data of its storage
Data with to user return query result, wherein the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit, when read ask
When total amount being asked to reach the preset ratio of the upper limit, the block chain increases new outer node layer to extend all outer node layers and accept reading
The ability of request.
Optionally, this method further includes following steps:
When block chain increases new outer node layer, newly-increased outer node layer inner layer node sends request with same step number
According to；
After outer node layer runs a period of time, the verification of data is carried out by heartbeat mechanism periodic queries underlay nodes
To guarantee the consistency with underlay nodes data.
Optionally, the corresponding data of the outer node layer write-in write request, specifically include:
The corresponding data of write request are preferentially stored in the memory of outer node layer by the outer node layer, when the data exist
After residence time reaches preset threshold more than preset period of time or utilization rate in memory, outer layer is transferred the data to
In other storage mediums of the corresponding local of node.
Optionally, the write request is asynchronously sent to outer node layer connected to it by the underlay nodes.
Optionally, the outer node layer returns to query result to user, specifically includes:
The outer node layer of at least one in the outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and each node is returned to user
Query result, so that user determines final query result according to the query result that at least one outer node layer returns, to avoid
The query result that user receives is tampered.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of block chain network structure, comprising: multiple underlay nodes and multiple outer layer sections
Point；
It being connected with each other between the multiple underlay nodes, each underlay nodes are used to receive the write request of user's transmission, and
The write request is broadcasted to other underlay nodes of block chain, so that the corresponding number of the write request is written in each underlay nodes
According to；The write request is sent to outer node layer connected to it by each underlay nodes；
The multiple outer node layer dispersion is connected to multiple underlay nodes, and the outer node layer receives what underlay nodes were sent
Simultaneously corresponding data are written in write request；
At least one outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and inquiry read request is corresponding in the data of its storage
Data with to user return query result, wherein the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit, when read ask
When total amount being asked to reach the preset ratio of the upper limit, the block chain network increases new outer node layer and is held with extending all outer node layers
Connect the ability of read request.
Optionally, when block chain network increases new outer node layer, newly-increased outer node layer inner layer node transmission is asked
It asks with synchrodata；After outer node layer runs a period of time, outer node layer passes through heartbeat mechanism periodic queries underlay nodes
The verification of data is carried out to guarantee the consistency with underlay nodes data.
Optionally, the corresponding data of write request are preferentially stored in the memory of outer node layer by the outer node layer, work as institute
Stating data, residence time is more than after preset period of time or utilization rate reach preset threshold in memory, and outer node layer is by institute
Data are stated to be transferred in its other storage medium of corresponding local.
Optionally, the write request is asynchronously sent to outer node layer connected to it by the underlay nodes.
Optionally, at least one described outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and each node is returned to user and looked into
Ask as a result, so that user determines final query result according to the query result that at least one outer node layer returns, to avoid with
The query result that family receives is tampered.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit:
The present invention is asked for dilatation is unreasonable present in traditional scalability solution in block catenary system
Topic, proposes the means of read and write abruption, that is, allows the node on block chain to have the different division of labor, to handle different types of ask
It asks.For example the outer node layer of read request and the underlay nodes of processing write requests are only handled, when read request amount increases above the upper limit
When, increase outer node layer so as to block chain dilatation, the quantity in block chain for the underlay nodes of processing write requests is kept at this time
It is constant, i.e., the speed of processing write requests is not influenced；So as to realize under different application scenarios and business demand, to block
Catenary system carries out the dilatation of different level, will not cause to write performance while to reach one-side raising block chain reading performance
Dysgenic effect will not be caused to reading performance while adverse effect or one-side raising block chain write performance.
The present invention proposes a kind of storage based on block chain for the block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology
Method can be realized the automation tradeoff between block chain storage overhead and block chain performance, by this method to the greatest extent may be used
It can guarantee that system reduces the expense of storage while being capable of providing higher reading performance.
The present invention proposes a kind of vote by ballot mode for the block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology, is based on
This vote by ballot mode may be implemented safely and reliably to read the data information being stored on block chain.
The present invention proposes a kind of heartbeat mechanism for the block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology, by this
The consistency storage of the data between different nodes may be implemented, to ensure that the safety and accuracy of data in mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the data read-write method flow chart provided by the invention based on block chain；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the present invention is directed to the block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure figure that the present invention is directed to the block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Prior art there are aiming at the problem that, the present invention provides a kind of reading/writing method based on block chain network and
Block link network solves the problems, such as that dilatation present in existing block chain storage system is unreasonable, in combination with storage method and choosing
Act method is with the reading performance and safety of lifting system.
Fig. 1 is the data read-write method flow chart provided by the invention based on block chain, as shown in Figure 1, including following step
It is rapid:
S101, underlay nodes of block chain receive the write request that user sends, the underlay nodes to block chain its
He broadcasts the write request at underlay nodes, and all underlay nodes know together to the write request to prevent the write request from being usurped
Change；The node of the block chain includes multiple underlay nodes and multiple outer node layers, is connected with each other between multiple underlay nodes, outside
Node layer is connect with underlay nodes；
S102, the corresponding data of the write request are written in each underlay nodes of block chain, and the write request is sent
To outer node layer connected to it；
S103, the outer node layer of block chain receive the write request that underlay nodes are sent and corresponding data are written；
S104, the outer node layer of block chain receive the read request that user sends, and inquiry reads to ask in the data of its storage
Corresponding data are sought to return to query result to user, wherein the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit,
When read request total amount reaches the preset ratio of the upper limit, the block chain increases new outer node layer to extend all outer node layers
Accept the ability of read request.
Optionally, when block chain increases new outer node layer, newly-increased outer node layer inner layer node send request with
Synchrodata；
After outer node layer runs a period of time, the verification of data is carried out by heartbeat mechanism periodic queries underlay nodes
To guarantee the consistency with underlay nodes data.
Optionally, the corresponding data of the outer node layer write-in write request, specifically include:
The corresponding data of write request are preferentially stored in the memory of outer node layer by the outer node layer, when the data exist
After residence time reaches preset threshold more than preset period of time or utilization rate in memory, outer layer is transferred the data to
In other storage mediums of the corresponding local of node.
Optionally, the write request is asynchronously sent to outer node layer connected to it by the underlay nodes.
Optionally, the outer node layer returns to query result to user, specifically includes:
The outer node layer of at least one in the outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and each node is returned to user
Query result, so that user determines final query result according to the query result that at least one outer node layer returns, to avoid
The query result that user receives is tampered.
Specifically, user collects the query result state that outer node layer returns, wherein if there is consistent number of states
More than 50%, it is determined that the state is final result, is more than 50% if there is no consistent number of states, it is determined that most terminate
Fruit is that the corresponding data of read request are not present.
Integral Thought of the invention is, the function that coupling is read and write in traditional block chain node is decoupled, by for not
Same node distributes different roles, and assigns different functions for different roles, is re-introduced into asynchronous notifications, the technologies such as heartbeat
The data consistency between different nodes is kept, to realize the reasonable dilatation of node in block chain storage system.
As shown in Fig. 2, the block chain storage method the present invention is based on read and write abruption technology is applied in block catenary system, packet
Include following steps:
(1) user submits a transfer request to block chain underlay nodes；
Specifically, transfer request is a kind of illustrating for corresponding write request herein.The present invention is not to specific write request
Form does any restriction.The write request is also possible to other kind of transaction request.
(2) each node of internal layer receives transfer request and knows together to transfer result on block chain；
Specifically, the purpose of common recognition is that the write request that other underlay nodes receive in order to prevent is tampered.
(3) after the completion of knowing together, transfer result is persisted in underlay nodes local hard drive, while transfer result can be different
Submit to step the outer node layer of block chain；
Specifically, it asynchronously submits, after referring to that write request is submitted to outer node layer by outer node layer, without waiting for outer layer
The feedback information of node can continue with other business.
(4) transfer result that the outer node layer of block chain is submitted according to underlay nodes, to transferring accounts in local memory or hard disk
Data are updated；
(5) user's node layer to outside multiple block chains initiates inquiry request of transferring accounts；
Similarly, inquiry request of transferring accounts is that one kind of read request illustrates, and the present invention is not to the form of specific read request
Do any restriction.The read request is also possible to other kind of transaction request.
(6) outer node layer, which receives Client-initiated and transfers accounts, first goes inquiry local memory after inquiry request, if transfer information is deposited
Transfer information is then being returned, if transfer information is not present, is carrying out step 7；
(7) outer layer querying node local hard drive data return to transfer information, if transfer information if transfer information exists
It is not present, then returns to transfer information and be not present；
(8) user collects the result phase that multiple outer node layers return, and it is true in user locally to pass through vote by ballot method
Fixed final transfer information query result；
Specifically, the mode of ballot is that the data that read request is read in order to prevent are tampered.
(9) when there is new node addition persistently to run as outer node layer as outer node layer or node, pass through the heart
Jump mechanism keeps data consistent with underlay nodes.
Specifically, heartbeat mechanism refers to outer node layer periodic queries underlay nodes, to keep and underlay nodes data
Consistency.
Optionally, the Transaction Information that underlay nodes are submitted can be preferentially stored in the memory of outer node layer by outer node layer,
After residence time reaches certain threshold value more than period regular hour or memory usage to Transaction Information in memory,
Transaction Information can be transferred in other local storage mediums.
Optionally, user is collected locally the state that outer node layer returns, wherein is more than if there is consistent number of states
50%, it is determined that the state is final result, is more than 50% if there is no consistent number of states, it is determined that final result is
Transaction record is not present.
Optionally, if outer node layer is just to be added, outer node layer will be without any data, outer node layer at this time
The request of meeting active whereabouts underlay nodes and synchrodata, if outer node layer is to have been running for a period of time, outer layer section
Point can go to carry out the verification of data with underlay nodes to guarantee the consistent of data per the period at regular intervals.
For a better understanding, the present invention, which provides Fig. 3, is the structure chart of whole block chain network, as shown in figure 3, including more
A outer node layer 100 and multiple underlay nodes 200.
It being connected with each other between multiple underlay nodes 200, each underlay nodes 200 are used to receive the write request of user's transmission,
And the write request is broadcasted to other underlay nodes 200 of block chain, so that the write request is written in each underlay nodes 200
Corresponding data；The write request is sent to outer node layer connected to it by each underlay nodes；
Multiple dispersions of outer node layer 100 are connected to multiple underlay nodes 200, and the outer node layer 100 receives underlay nodes
Simultaneously corresponding data are written in 200 write requests sent；
At least one outer node layer 100 receives the read request that user sends, and inquires read request in the data of its storage
Corresponding data are to return to query result to user, wherein on the read request total amount that all outer node layers 100 can be accepted has
Limit, when read request total amount reaches the preset ratio of the upper limit, it is all to extend that the block chain network increases new outer node layer
Outer node layer accepts the ability of read request.
Specifically, each underlay nodes 200 and the function of outer node layer 100 can refer to Jie in preceding method embodiment
It continues, this will not be repeated here.
The invention discloses a kind of method and systems of reasonable dilatation for block chain secure storage, comprising: proposes
A kind of block chain storage system based on read and write abruption technology, block catenary system reaches bottleneck in reading performance or write performance reaches
When bottleneck, it can achieve the effect that dilatation by extending different types of node；Propose a kind of number based on block chain
According to reading/writing method, automation tradeoff can be realized between storage overhead and performance, to guarantee providing high-performance as far as possible
The storage of low overhead is supported while reading；A kind of vote by ballot mode is proposed, safely and reliably reads information to realize；It proposes
A kind of heartbeat mechanism, to realize the consistency storage of data.The present invention expands block catenary system storing process suitable for solving
Hold unreasonable problem, block chain reading performance or write performance can be made to be able to reasonable extensions under the premise of not influencing mutual.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of data read-write method based on block chain, which comprises the following steps:
One underlay nodes of block chain receive the write request that user sends, other underlay nodes of the underlay nodes to block chain
The write request is broadcasted, and all underlay nodes know together to the write request to prevent the write request to be tampered；The area
The node of block chain includes multiple underlay nodes and multiple outer node layers, is connected with each other between multiple underlay nodes, outer node layer with
Underlay nodes connection；
The corresponding data of the write request are written in each underlay nodes of block chain, and the write request is sent to and is connected thereto
Outer node layer；
The outer node layer of block chain receives the write request that underlay nodes are sent and corresponding data is written；
The outer node layer of block chain receives the read request that user sends, and the corresponding number of inquiry read request in the data of its storage
Query result is returned to user accordingly, wherein the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit, when read request is total
When amount reaches the preset ratio of the upper limit, the block chain increases new outer node layer to extend all outer node layers and accept read request
Ability.
2. the data read-write method according to claim 1 based on block chain, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
When block chain increases new outer node layer, newly-increased outer node layer inner layer node sends request with synchrodata；
After outer node layer runs a period of time, the verification of data is carried out to protect by heartbeat mechanism periodic queries underlay nodes
The consistency of card and underlay nodes data.
3. the data read-write method according to claim 1 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the outer node layer write-in
The corresponding data of write request, specifically include:
The corresponding data of write request are preferentially stored in the memory of outer node layer by the outer node layer, when the data are in memory
After middle residence time reaches preset threshold more than preset period of time or utilization rate, outer node layer is transferred the data to
In other storage mediums of corresponding local.
4. the data read-write method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on block chain, which is characterized in that in described
The write request is asynchronously sent to outer node layer connected to it by node layer.
5. the data read-write method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on block chain, which is characterized in that described outer
Node layer returns to query result to user, specifically includes:
The outer node layer of at least one in the outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and each node is returned to user and inquired
As a result, so that user determines final query result according to the query result that at least one outer node layer returns, to avoid user
The query result received is tampered.
6. a kind of block chain network structure characterized by comprising multiple underlay nodes and multiple outer node layers；
It is connected with each other between the multiple underlay nodes, each underlay nodes are used to receive the write request of user's transmission, and to area
Other underlay nodes of block chain broadcast the write request, so that the corresponding data of the write request are written in each underlay nodes；
The write request is sent to outer node layer connected to it by each underlay nodes；
The multiple outer node layer dispersion is connected to multiple underlay nodes, and the outer node layer receives writing for underlay nodes transmission and asks
It asks and corresponding data is written；
At least one outer node layer receives the read request that user sends, and the corresponding number of inquiry read request in the data of its storage
Query result is returned to user accordingly, wherein the read request total amount that all outer node layers can be accepted has the upper limit, when read request is total
When amount reaches the preset ratio of the upper limit, the block chain network increases new outer node layer to extend all outer node layers and accept reading
The ability of request.
7. block chain network structure according to claim 6, which is characterized in that when block chain network increases new outer layer section
When point, newly-increased outer node layer inner layer node sends request with synchrodata；After outer node layer runs a period of time, outer layer
Node carries out the verification of data by heartbeat mechanism periodic queries underlay nodes to guarantee the consistency with underlay nodes data.
8. block chain network structure according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the outer node layer is preferentially by write request pair
The data answered are stored in the memory of outer node layer, when the data in memory residence time be more than preset period of time or
After person's utilization rate reaches preset threshold, outer node layer is transferred the data in its other storage medium of corresponding local.
9. according to the described in any item block chain network structures of claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that the underlay nodes are asynchronous
The write request is sent to outer node layer connected to it by ground.
10. according to the described in any item block chain network structures of claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that at least one described outer layer
Node receives the read request that user sends, and each node returns to query result to user, so that user is according at least one outer layer
The query result that node returns determines final query result, is tampered to avoid the query result that user receives.
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