CN110195586B - Device and method for improving thickness of coal seam mined by coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow - Google Patents

Device and method for improving thickness of coal seam mined by coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110195586B
CN110195586B CN201910481202.5A CN201910481202A CN110195586B CN 110195586 B CN110195586 B CN 110195586B CN 201910481202 A CN201910481202 A CN 201910481202A CN 110195586 B CN110195586 B CN 110195586B
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coal
pressure nozzle
abrasive jet
cutting
mined
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CN110195586A (en
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江红祥
蔡芝源
刘送永
程敬义
高魁东
崔玉明
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/06Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
    • E21C25/10Rods; Drums
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/60Slitting by jets of water or other liquid
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by utilizing abrasive jet flow, the device is including scraping the trigger and installing the twin drum coal-winning machine on scraping the trigger, the twin drum coal-winning machine includes the cylinder, the cutting arm, increase hydro-cylinder and fuselage, the abrasive material efflux generator is loaded to the fuselage, a cutting arm is connected respectively to the both sides of fuselage, an increase hydro-cylinder is installed respectively to the both sides of fuselage, it is connected with the cutting arm of its corresponding side to increase the hydro-cylinder, one side of cutting arm tip is provided with the cylinder, be provided with a plurality of mechanical picks on the cylinder outer wall of cylinder, still be provided with two high pressure nozzle II on the cylinder outer wall of cylinder, the one end of high pressure nozzle holder is connected to one side of cutting arm tip, high pressure nozzle I is installed to the other end of high pressure nozzle holder, high pressure nozzle holder is rotatory for the connecting axle of cutting arm, abrasive material efflux generator is all connected to. The invention has high coal and rock mining height, strong coal and rock crushing capability and high efficiency.

Description

Device and method for improving thickness of coal seam mined by coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a device and a method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet, which are used for cutting the cross section of coal rocks, so that the coal rocks are automatically broken down by using mining disturbance and the dead weight of the coal rocks, and are suitable for the coal rocks of a high coal seam or a complex coal seam.
Background
In 2015, the "BP world energy statistics yearbook" states: china remains the world's largest energy consumer, accounting for 23% of global consumption and 61% of global net growth; coal resource consumption accounts for 66.03 percent of total consumption, and the coal resource has an irreplaceable position as main energy of China in a long period of time in the future. Outline of national schemes for the development of long-term science and technology (2006-2020) clearly indicates that: the research of safe and efficient mining and utilization technology of coal resources is needed to be greatly enhanced, and the key research of deep and complex stratum ore body mining technology is definitely required.
At present, coal mining mainly comprises mechanical cutting of coal rocks, the mining method is difficult to effectively mine when meeting high coal seam coal rocks, the adjustment flexibility of the height of a coal seam is low, the mining method is not suitable for mining of irregular coal seams, a mining mechanism is seriously abraded after long-time working, the working dust amount is large, the mining efficiency of the coal rocks is difficult to effectively improve, and when meeting hard rocks during long-time cutting or cutting, the temperature is easily increased or sparks are easily generated to cause gas explosion, so that the inestimable result is caused. High-pressure water jet rock breaking is a rock breaking technology utilizing high-energy water arrow impact breaking, erosion and water wedge effects, and is already used in oil drilling, mine exploitation, rock breaking and other projects, but the current water jet application is mainly used for assisting mechanical rock breaking, the structure is complex, the operation process is complicated, and the pure water jet rock breaking capacity is limited, which seriously restricts the rapid exploitation of coal rocks.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a device for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by utilizing abrasive jet flow comprises a scraper machine and a double-drum coal mining machine arranged on the scraper machine, the double-drum coal mining machine comprises drums, cutting arms, height-adjusting oil cylinders and a machine body, wherein the machine body is loaded with an abrasive jet flow generator, the two sides of the machine body are respectively connected with one cutting arm, the two sides of the machine body are respectively provided with one height-adjusting oil cylinder, the height-adjusting oil cylinders are connected with the cutting arms on the corresponding sides, a roller is arranged on one side of the end part of the cutting arm, a plurality of mechanical cutting teeth are arranged on the cylindrical outer wall of the roller, the abrasive jet flow cutting device is characterized in that two high-pressure nozzles II are further arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the drum, one side of the end part of the cutting arm is connected with one end of a high-pressure nozzle frame, the other end of the high-pressure nozzle frame is provided with a high-pressure nozzle I, the high-pressure nozzle frame rotates relative to a connecting shaft of the cutting arm, and the high-pressure nozzle I and the high-pressure nozzle II are both connected with an abrasive jet flow generator.
Furthermore, two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are positioned on the same roller 3-1, the roller 3-1 rotates relative to the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2, the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are absolutely static, the central axes of the two high-pressure nozzles II are positioned on the same straight line, and the high-pressure nozzles II are positioned on the cylindrical circumference of the roller close to the outer side.
Further, when the high-pressure nozzle frame is vertically upward and the two high-pressure nozzles II on the roller are in a vertical state, the high-pressure nozzle I at the top of the high-pressure nozzle frame is higher than the high-pressure nozzle II on the roller on the same side of the high-pressure nozzle frame.
Further, the scraper conveyor is a rail, and the double-drum shearer moves horizontally on the rail.
Further, two cutting arms are arranged in the front and back and arranged up and down, the cutting arm positioned in the front is positioned below the cutting arm positioned in the front, and the cutting arm positioned in the rear is positioned above the cutting arm.
A method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow comprises the following steps:
step one, adjusting the spatial attitude:
before coal rock mining, firstly, the cutting arms on two sides are adjusted by using the height-adjusting oil cylinder to realize the adjustment of spatial postures, so that one of the two cutting arms is positioned at a high position, the other cutting arm is positioned at a low position, then, two high-pressure nozzles II on the same roller are adjusted to be positioned at vertical positions one above the other, and a high-pressure nozzle frame is adjusted to rotate to a vertical upward position, so that the high-pressure nozzle I on the same side is positioned at an upper position coplanar with the two high-pressure nozzles II on the corresponding side;
step two, breaking coal rocks and slotting:
after the cutting arm, the high-pressure nozzle II and the high-pressure nozzle are adjusted, crushing the coal rock by using a roller, and simultaneously, respectively ejecting abrasive jet streams generated by the abrasive jet stream generator from the high-pressure nozzle I and the high-pressure nozzle II, and cutting three cracks on the coal rock by the ejected abrasive jet streams;
step three, cutting a section:
the double-drum shearer walks on the scraper conveyor along the horizontal direction, each cutting arm moves along the horizontal direction, the drums crush coal rocks in the horizontal direction, and three cracks cut on the coal rocks by abrasive jet flow form two sections along with the movement in the horizontal direction.
Further, in the second step, one of the three cracks is a horizontal crack cut on the coal rock by the abrasive jet ejected from the high-pressure nozzle I, and the other two cracks are vertical cracks cut on the coal rock by the abrasive jet ejected from the two high-pressure nozzles II.
Further, in the third step, the two sections include an upper section and a front section, and a lower section is present, wherein: the lower section of the cutting arm is formed by crushing coal rocks by a roller of the cutting arm.
Furthermore, the three sections enable the coal rocks to be suspended, and the suspended coal rocks can be automatically broken down under the effects of energy storage and release, mining disturbance and self weight of the coal bed.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention fully utilizes the characteristic of strong cutting capability of the high-pressure abrasive jet flow to quickly cut the coal rock section, and the suspended coal rock after cutting can automatically break down due to mining disturbance, self weight and the like. The invention has the advantages of high coal rock mining height, strong coal rock crushing capability, high efficiency, low dust production and the like, and the coal rock mining height is flexibly adjusted, the mining of irregular coal seams can be realized, and the invention has good promotion effect on the mechanical mining of the coal seams. The abrasive jet flow adopted is safe, green and pollution-free, the cutting temperature is low, the defect that the traditional cutting mode is easy to generate high temperature and sparks to cause gas explosion is effectively overcome, and the method has important social significance and economic benefit for the development of the coal industry in China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a double drum shearer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a dual shearer loader of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cutting arm of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a rock; 2. coal rock; 3. a double drum shearer; 3-1, rolling; 3-1-1, mechanical cutting pick; 3-1-2, high pressure nozzle II; 3-2, cutting arm; 3-3, heightening the oil cylinder; 4. an abrasive jet generator; 5. a high pressure nozzle mount; 5-1, a high-pressure nozzle I; 6. a scraper machine.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a device for increasing the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow comprises a scraper 6 and a double-drum coal mining machine 3 arranged on the scraper 6, wherein the scraper 6 is a rail, the double-drum coal mining machine 3 horizontally moves on the rail, the double-drum coal mining machine 3 comprises a drum 3-1, a cutting arm 3-2, an elevation-adjusting oil cylinder 3-3 and a machine body 3-4, the machine body 3-4 is loaded with an abrasive jet flow generator 4, two sides of the machine body 3-4 are respectively connected with the cutting arm 3-2, two sides of the machine body 3-4 are respectively provided with the elevation-adjusting oil cylinder 3-3, the elevation-adjusting oil cylinder 3-3 is connected with the cutting arm 3-2 on the corresponding side, one side of the end part of the cutting arm 3-2 is provided with the drum 3-, the grinding wheel is characterized in that a plurality of mechanical cutting picks 3-1-1 are arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the drum 3-1, two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are further arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the drum 3-1, one side of the end portion of the cutting arm 3-2 is connected with one end of a high-pressure nozzle frame 5, a high-pressure nozzle I5-1 is mounted at the other end of the high-pressure nozzle frame 5, the high-pressure nozzle frame 5 rotates relative to a connecting shaft of the cutting arm 3-2, and the high-pressure nozzle I5-1 and the high-pressure nozzle II3-1-2 are both connected with an abrasive jet generator. Preferably, the two cutting arms 3-2 are arranged in a front-back manner and in an up-down manner, the cutting arm 3-2 positioned in the front is positioned below at the same time, and the cutting arm 3-2 positioned in the rear is positioned above at the same time.
Preferably, the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are positioned on the same roller 3-1, the roller 3-1 rotates relative to the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2, the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are absolutely static, the central axes of the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are positioned on the same straight line, and the high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 are positioned on the cylindrical circumference of the roller 3-1 close to the outer side.
Preferably, when the high-pressure nozzle rack 5 is vertically upward and the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 on the roller 3-1 are in a vertical state, the high-pressure nozzle I5-1 at the top of the high-pressure nozzle rack 5 is higher than the high-pressure nozzle II3-1-2 on the roller 3-1 on the same side.
A method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by utilizing abrasive jet flow, wherein in the coal seam to be mined, rocks 1 are arranged above coal rocks 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, adjusting the spatial attitude:
before coal rock 2 is mined, firstly, the cutting arms 3-2 at two sides are adjusted by the height-adjusting oil cylinders 3-3 to realize the adjustment of spatial postures, so that one of the two cutting arms 3-2 is positioned at a high position, the other one is positioned at a low position, then, the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 on the same roller 3-1 are adjusted to be positioned at vertical positions one above the other, the high-pressure nozzle frame 5 is adjusted to rotate to the vertical upward position, and the high-pressure nozzle I5-1 at the same side is ensured to be positioned at the upper position coplanar with the two high-pressure nozzles II3-1-2 at the corresponding side;
step two, breaking coal rocks and slotting:
after the cutting arm 3-2, the high-pressure nozzle II3-1-2 and the high-pressure nozzle I5-1 are adjusted, the coal rock 2 is crushed by using the roller 3-1, abrasive jet streams generated by the abrasive jet stream generator 4 are respectively ejected from the high-pressure nozzle I5-1 and the high-pressure nozzle II3-1-2, and the ejected abrasive jet streams cut three cracks on the coal rock 2;
step three, cutting a section:
the double-drum shearer 3 travels on the scraper conveyor 6 along the horizontal direction, each cutting arm 3-2 moves along the horizontal direction, the drum 3-1 crushes the coal rock 2 in the horizontal direction, and three cracks cut on the coal rock 2 by the abrasive jet flow form two sections along with the movement in the horizontal direction.
Specifically, in the second step, one of the three fractures is a horizontal fracture cut on the coal rock 2 by the abrasive jet emitted from the high-pressure nozzle I5-1, and the other two of the three fractures is a vertical fracture cut on the coal rock 2 by the abrasive jet emitted from the two high-pressure nozzles II 3-1-2.
Specifically, in the third step, the two sections include an upper section and a front section, and a lower section is also present.
Specifically, the three sections suspend the coal rocks 2, and the suspended coal rocks 2 can be automatically broken down under the actions of coal bed energy storage and release, mining disturbance and self weight.
And repeating the steps from one to three until the coal rock mining is finished.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A device for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow comprises a scraper machine (6) and a double-drum coal mining machine (3) arranged on the scraper machine (6), and is characterized in that the double-drum coal mining machine (3) comprises drums (3-1), cutting arms (3-2), height-adjusting oil cylinders (3-3) and a machine body (3-4), wherein an abrasive jet flow generator (4) is loaded on the machine body (3-4), two cutting arms (3-2) are respectively connected with two sides of the machine body (3-4), the height-adjusting oil cylinders (3-3) are respectively arranged on two sides of the machine body (3-4), the height-adjusting oil cylinders (3-3) are connected with the cutting arms (3-2) on the corresponding sides, the drums (3-1) are arranged on one side of the end part of the cutting arms (3-2), a plurality of mechanical cutting picks (3-1-1) are arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the drum (3-1), two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) are further arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the drum (3-1), one side of the end part of the cutting arm (3-2) is connected with one end of a high-pressure nozzle frame (5), a high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) is mounted at the other end of the high-pressure nozzle frame (5), the high-pressure nozzle frame (5) rotates relative to a connecting shaft of the cutting arm (3-2), and the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) and the high-pressure nozzle II (3-1-2) are both connected with an abrasive jet generator (4);
the high-pressure nozzle rack (5) is vertically upward, and when two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) on the roller (3-1) are in a vertical state, the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) of the high-pressure nozzle rack (5) is higher than the high-pressure nozzle II (3-1-2) at the top of the roller (3-1) on the same side.
2. The device for improving the thickness of a mined coal seam of a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet according to claim 1, characterized in that two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) are positioned on the same drum (3-1), the drum (3-1) rotates relative to the two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2), the two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) are absolutely static, the central axes of the two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) are positioned on the same straight line, and the high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) are positioned on the cylindrical circumference of the drum (3-1) close to the outer side.
3. The apparatus for increasing the thickness of a shearer's mined coal seam using abrasive jets as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the scraper conveyor (6) is a rail on which the shearer loader (3) moves horizontally.
4. The device for increasing the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine using abrasive jet according to claim 1, characterized in that the two cutting arms (3-2) are arranged in the front and back direction and in the upper and lower direction.
5. The apparatus for increasing the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine using abrasive jet flow according to claim 4, characterized in that the cutting arm (3-2) located at the front is located simultaneously below and the cutting arm (3-2) located at the rear is located simultaneously above.
6. A method for improving the thickness of a coal seam mined by a coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, adjusting the spatial attitude:
before coal rock (2) is mined, firstly, the cutting arms (3-2) at two sides are adjusted by utilizing the height-adjusting oil cylinders (3-3) to realize the adjustment of spatial postures, so that one of the two cutting arms (3-2) is positioned at a high position, the other one is positioned at a low position, then two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) on the same roller (3-1) are adjusted to be positioned at vertical positions one above the other, a high-pressure nozzle frame (5) is adjusted to rotate to a vertical upward position, and the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) at the same side is ensured to be positioned at an upper position coplanar with the two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2) at the corresponding side;
step two, breaking coal rocks and slotting:
after the cutting arm (3-2), the high-pressure nozzle II (3-1-2) and the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) are adjusted, the coal rock (2) is crushed by using the roller (3-1), abrasive jet streams generated by the abrasive jet stream generator (4) are respectively ejected from the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1) and the high-pressure nozzle II (3-1-2), and the ejected abrasive jet streams cut three cracks on the coal rock (2);
step three, cutting a section:
the double-drum shearer (3) travels on the scraper conveyor (6) along the horizontal direction, each cutting arm (3-2) moves along the horizontal direction, the drum (3-1) breaks the coal rock (2) in the horizontal direction, and three cracks cut on the coal rock (2) by abrasive jet flow form two sections along with the movement in the horizontal direction.
7. The method for improving the thickness of the mined coal seam of the coal mining machine by using the abrasive jet flow according to claim 6, characterized in that in the second step, one of the three fractures is a horizontal fracture cut on the coal rock (2) by the abrasive jet flow emitted from the high-pressure nozzle I (5-1), and the other two of the three fractures is a vertical fracture cut on the coal rock (2) by the abrasive jet flow emitted from the two high-pressure nozzles II (3-1-2).
8. The method for increasing the thickness of a mined coal seam by using an abrasive jet stream as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step three, two sections comprise an upper section and a front section, and a lower section is additionally present.
9. The method for improving the thickness of a mined coal seam of a coal mining machine by using the abrasive jet flow as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the coal rocks (2) are suspended by three sections, and the suspended coal rocks (2) can be automatically broken down under the actions of release of stored energy of the coal seam, mining disturbance and self weight.
CN201910481202.5A 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Device and method for improving thickness of coal seam mined by coal mining machine by using abrasive jet flow Active CN110195586B (en)

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