CN110194652A - A kind of haydite matrix for artificial swamp and preparation method thereof, purposes - Google Patents
A kind of haydite matrix for artificial swamp and preparation method thereof, purposes Download PDFInfo
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- CN110194652A CN110194652A CN201910432992.8A CN201910432992A CN110194652A CN 110194652 A CN110194652 A CN 110194652A CN 201910432992 A CN201910432992 A CN 201910432992A CN 110194652 A CN110194652 A CN 110194652A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The haydite matrix and preparation method thereof that the present invention provides a kind of for artificial swamp; the pollution waste red mud being discharged when can extract aluminium oxide using aluminium industry; meanwhile prepared haydite matrix can efficiently remove pharmaceutical wastewater and have the function of certain removal nutritive salt.The matrix is prepared using the raw material of following mass ratio: bentonite: red mud: biomass=(4-6): 1:(0.1-0.9).The present invention also provides application of the red mud in the haydite matrix that preparation is used for artificial swamp.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Water Pollution Control Engineering technical field of sewage, and in particular to a kind of artificial swamp haydite matrix
And preparation method thereof and the Adsorption of pharmaceutical wastewater, nutritive salt is acted on.
Background technique
Artificial swamp is a kind of new and effective ecological sewage treatment technology, is using the ecological principle of natural wetland as base
Plinth artificially constructs the subsystems such as matrix, plant and microorganism, the comprehensive catharsis for playing each subsystem, to remove sewage
In pollutant, and the sewage disposal system promoted and applied in practical projects.Compared with traditional sewage water treatment method,
Have many advantages, such as that maintenance management convenience, high treating effect, running expense are low, be conducive to ecological recovery and aesthetics of environment value is high, extensively
It is general to be applied to handle a plurality of types of waste water, such as mine wastewater, storm runoff, sanitary sewage, Polluted Groundwater, Industry Waste
Water, agricultural non-point source pollution, aquiculture waste water and landfill leachate etc..
Matrix is also known as filtrate or filler, is the important component of artificial swamp, provides growth for plant and microorganism and is situated between
Matter while provide good hydraulics for sewage seepage flow, also can directly go to decontaminate by the effects of filtering, absorption and precipitating
Contaminate object.The selection of its type, compound formulation, height is the core of constructed wetland waste water treatment technology.Select of good performance fill out
Material matrix will greatly improve artificial swamp water treatment efficiency and effect.So far, a large amount of reactive explosives have been used as
The matrix of artificial swamp, including natural material (minerals, rock and oyster shell), industry byproduct (slag, coal fly ash and water factory
Sludge), biomass (plants, animals and micro-organisms) and artificial product (aglite, dolomite and haydite).However, directly
Use the problems such as raw material can generate relatively low adsorbance, secondary pollution, stability is poor, mechanical strength is low.Coarse raw materials are carried out
High-temperature calcination prepares ceramic product, is a kind of up-and-coming method for improving material property and safety.Ceramic product can be with
Many benefits are brought to product, for example, improving mechanical strength by solidification/stabilization, are had by pyrolytic and gasification finish
Machine pollutant, pathogen stablize poisonous metal by being integrated in crystal structure, improve absorption by generating microcellular structure
Ability.Therefore, the novel ceramsite matrix that a kind of clean effect is good, property is stable is prepared, artificial swamp matrix can be improved to dirt
The adsorption capacity of object is contaminated to increase its service life.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of haydite matrix for artificial swamp, can utilize aluminium industry
The pollution waste red mud being discharged when extracting aluminium oxide, meanwhile, prepared haydite matrix can efficiently remove pharmaceutical wastewater (with four
For ring element) and have the function of certain removal nutritive salt (nitrogen, phosphorus).For this purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of haydite matrix for artificial swamp, which is characterized in that the matrix uses the raw material system of following mass ratio
It is standby to form: bentonite: red mud: biomass=(4-6): 1:(0.1-0.9).
Further, the haydite matrix is spheric granules, partial size 6-8mm.
The present invention another the technical problem to be solved is that provide a kind of above-mentioned haydite matrix for artificial swamp
Preparation method.Its step includes:
(1) bentonite, red mud and pine sawdust are dried, is ground into powder after being cooled to room temperature;The step can be used in drum
It is toasted in wind drying box in 110 DEG C, high speed disintegrator can be used in milling machinery, and the partial size of powder is sieved through with the pharmacopeia of 80 mesh
Subject to sieve;
(2) bentonite, red mud and pine crumbs powder are added tap water, stirred evenly according to the mass ratio of setting, formed
Walk, the amount of water of tap water can be controlled in 30%~40% mass percent;
(3) it is granulated: round shaped grain is made in walk in the method that hand rubbing or machine are granulated, obtaining partial size is 6-8mm haydite round shaped grain
Then haydite blank is dried for standby by blank;Drying temperature is controllable to 105 DEG C;
(4) preheating and high-temperature roasting: it is that 5-10 DEG C/min is raised to 300-600 DEG C with rate, preheats 15-30 minutes;Continue
It is roasted 15-30 minutes after being warming up to 1000-1150 DEG C;Chamber type electric resistance furnace temperature-controlling cabinet can be used in the equipment of preheating and high-temperature roasting;
(5) cooling, finished product.
Further, for finished product after cooling, in order to improve haydite surface roughness, then haydite surface of polishing.
Further object of the present invention is to provide application of the red mud in the haydite matrix that preparation is used for artificial swamp.And:
It is given up for the haydite matrix of artificial swamp namely above-mentioned haydite matrix in processing medicine using this using prepared
Application in water and nutritive salt.The experiment proved that haydite matrix of the invention have it is stronger processing pharmaceutical wastewater ability (with
For tetracycline), and a certain amount of nutritive salt (nitrogen, phosphorus) can be removed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect:
(1) one of raw material is derived from the pollution waste red mud being discharged when aluminium industry extraction aluminium oxide, is mitigating at red mud
Pressure is managed, while saving economic cost, the intensive treatment of town sewage is carried out, truly realizes " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ",
With good economic efficiency, environmental benefit and social benefit;By red mud be mixed into baking ceramsite in raw material can bring it is following
Both sides benefit: the 1. Al of high-content2O3It contributes to form more high strength mullites and further enhances the machinery of haydite by force
Degree.2. the firing performance of haydite can be improved in more fluxing ingredient.
(2) biomass (such as wood fragments bits, stalk) is added in raw material as functional additive, is cracked when passing through high temperature
CO, CO of generation2Equal gases improve the dilatancy and porosity of haydite, to improve product to the adsorption capacity of pollutant.
(3) large specific surface area of sphere matrix is conducive to the apposition growth of microorganism, can effectively remove water pollutant.
(4) Leaching rule is few, prepares containing a certain amount of organic matter and heavy metal in the raw material of haydite, by high temperature
Calcining, organic matter is by a large amount of burning removals, while the structure for passing through feed change realizes the solidification of heavy metal, only a small amount of organic
Object and Leaching of Heavy Metals.
According to the above as it can be seen that haydite matrix of the invention, is to be constituted based on red mud and bentonitic cooperation, made
In the haydite matrix obtained, since biomass during the preparation process mixed with red mud with bentonitic by combustion gasification, final main body
It closes based on the sintered material of object.Therefore, any to add other materials in the feed, without being acted on bentonitic red mud
It contradicts, or carries out the variation of ratio, but still obtain the ability with stronger processing pharmaceutical wastewater of the invention (with tetracycline
For), and the technical effect of a certain amount of nutritive salt (nitrogen, phosphorus) can be removed, these variations are belonged to based on change of the invention
Change, belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the thermal gravimetric analysis results figure of pine sawdust.
Fig. 2 a is bentonitic XRD analysis figure, and Fig. 2 b is the XRD analysis figure of red mud.
Fig. 3 a is the line chart of influence of the additive amount of pine sawdust to haydite compression strength;Fig. 3 b is the additive amount of pine sawdust
The line chart of influence to haydite apparent density;Fig. 3 c is the broken line of influence of the additive amount of pine sawdust to haydite bulk density
Figure;Fig. 3 d is the three-phase diagram about compression strength, bulk density and apparent density of the haydite obtained under different ratios of raw materials.
Fig. 4 is the haydite under different calcination temperatures to the column diagram of the adsorption capacity of tetracycline.
Fig. 5 a is the shape appearance figure for firing resulting haydite matrix, and Fig. 5 b is the XRD analysis figure for firing resulting haydite matrix,
Fig. 5 c is the surface SEM figure for firing resulting haydite matrix, and Fig. 5 d is the section SEM figure for firing resulting haydite matrix.
Fig. 6 is haydite to the adsorbance of the tetracycline of different initial concentrations and the line chart of removal rate.
Fig. 7 is line chart of the haydite to the adsorbance of the nitrogen of different initial concentrations.
Fig. 8 is line chart of the haydite to the adsorbance of the phosphorus of different initial concentrations.
Explanation is further explained to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment
In the preparation method research of artificial swamp matrix, inventor has carried out following test process, so that it is determined that matrix
More excellent control parameter in preparation method.
(1) raw material selects
Bentonite itself just has good adsorption capacity to pollutant, can be used for removing the toxin, gasoline and coal of petroleum
The purification of oil, wastewater treatment.Essential mineral functional component is montmorillonite, and high-grade content is in 85-90%, itself is to pollution
Object just has good adsorption capacity, can be used for removing the toxin of petroleum, the purification of gasoline and kerosene, wastewater treatment.According to hair
The early period of bright people measures, bentonite SiO2And Al2O3Content reaches requirement, can be used as material of main part baking ceramsite.A large amount of section
Learn the production that research and industrial production also usually carry out haydite using bentonite.But since ingredient fluxing in bentonite is lower
(8.33%), thus only with bentonite it is poor as the performance of raw material baking ceramsite, also to consume more energy and increase at
This.Therefore, it is necessary to mix other materials to improve the performance of baking ceramsite, reduces energy consumption and reduce production cost.
Red mud is that aluminium industry extracts the pollution waste residue being discharged when aluminium oxide, and the general iron containing oxidation is big, main mine
Object is aragonite and calcite, content 60%-65%.If by red mud be mixed into baking ceramsite in bentonite can bring it is following
Both sides benefit: the 1. Al of high-content2O3It contributes to form more high strength mullites and further enhances the machinery of haydite by force
Degree.2. the firing performance of haydite can be improved in more fluxing ingredient.There are some researchs to report now to match using red mud
Close the baking ceramsites such as other raw materials such as flyash, clay or Ceramic Tiles etc..Report uses bentonite/red mud currently not yet
Baking ceramsite.
In addition, to be applied to the matrix of artificial swamp, haydite needs very strong adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity of haydite
There are much relations with the porosity of its specific surface area and inside.Biomass (such as wood fragments bits, stalk) adds as functional additive
Enter into raw material, CO, CO that cracking generates when passing through high temperature2Equal gases improve the dilatancy and porosity of haydite, to improve
The adsorption capacity of product.Therefore the present invention is quasi- prepares novel ceramsite matrix with bentonite, red mud and biomass.
(2) raw material proportioning
The constituent of bentonite and red mud mainly includes elemental composition analysis and mineralogical composition analysis.Elemental composition analysis
It is determined using X-ray fluorescence spectra analysis method (XRF) and elemental analysis, mineralogical composition is analyzed according to X-ray diffraction analysis side
Method (XRD) determines.The ingredient of bentonite and red mud is measured (XRF), measurement result such as table 1;The elemental analysis of pine sawdust
It is shown in Table 2, thermogravimetric analysis and sees Fig. 1;The XRD analysis of bentonite and red mud is shown in such as Fig. 2.
To bentonite and red mud mixed SiO in various proportions2、Al2O3, fluxing ingredient and SiO2+Al2O3Mass ratio into
Row calculating (as shown in Table 1, fluxing ingredient: 10.48% in bentonite, red mud 50.68%), it is shown in Table 3.Comprehensively consider the machine of haydite
Tool intensity and firing temperature, the material proportion that we have chosen 3:1,4:1,5:1,6:1 carry out orthogonal test.It is shown in Table 4.For pre-
Hot temperature, preheating time are respectively selected as 300~600 DEG C and 15~30min, in order to make haydite have preferable absorption property,
And excess agglomeration is avoided, selecting calcination temperature, calcination time is respectively 1050~1150 DEG C and 5~14min.
The bentonite of 1 XRF method of table measurement and the chemical component (wt.%) of red mud
Bentonite | Red mud | Bentonite | Red mud | ||
SiO2 | 60.8000 | 15.2000 | ZnO | 0.0070 | 0.0090 |
Al2O3 | 11.9000 | 22.1600 | CuO | 0.0039 | 0.0120 |
MgO | 4.0000 | 0.2000 | Nb2O5 | 0.0026 | 0.0125 |
CaO | 3.9200 | 3.3800 | Rb2O | 0.0025 | / |
Fe2O3 | 1.1400 | 34.7100 | Y2O3 | 0.0016 | 0.0107 |
Na2O | 0.9750 | 12.3000 | P2O5 | / | 0.3830 |
K2O | 0.4450 | 0.0903 | Cr2O3 | / | 0.1190 |
TiO2 | 0.1750 | 6.1960 | CeO2 | / | 0.0440 |
SrO | 0.0535 | 0.0201 | Gd2O3 | / | 0.0270 |
MnO | 0.0378 | 0.0857 | NiO | / | 0.0090 |
SO3 | 0.0315 | 0.5770 | As2O3 | / | 0.0090 |
ZrO2 | 0.0173 | 0.1810 | Ga2O3 | / | 0.0080 |
Cl | 0.0150 | 0.0630 |
The elemental analysis (%) of 2 biomass pine sawdust of table
3 bentonite of table and red mud mixed SiO in various proportions2、Al2O3, fluxing ingredient and SiO2+Al2O3Quality
Than
In orthogonal, proportion, preheating temperature, preheating time, the calcination temperature, calcination time five of raw material are chosen
4 levels are arranged as influence factor, each influence factor in a parameter, and each factor level is shown in Table shown in 4-1, the horizontal L of 5 factor 44 5
Orthogonal is shown in Table 4-2.After haydite firing, haydite is evaluated using bulk density as evaluation index and is fired at different conditions
Situation.
According to proportion, preheating temperature, preheating time, the calcination temperature, 5 factor of calcination time, 4 water of the raw material of table 4-2 design
Straight and even friendship experimental condition combines baking ceramsite one by one, and weighs the dry weight of haydite and measure the stacking volume calculating haydite of haydite
Bulk density.By range analysis, the average bulk density index k of each factor level and the very poor R of factor level are calculated, is tested
It the results are shown in Table 4-3, and determine ceramsite sintering factor to the affecting laws of haydite bulk density and the influence degree size of each factor.
Table 4-1 ceramsite sintering orthogonal experiment factor and water-glass
Table 4-2 ceramsite sintering L4 5Orthogonal
By R size very poor in table 4-3 it is found that the proportion of raw material, preheating temperature, preheating time, calcination temperature, calcination time
The size sequence of 5 factor influence degrees are as follows: raw material proportioning > preheating time > calcination temperature > preheating temperature > calcination time.Wherein
Raw material proportioning is main factor, and preheating time is principal element, and calcination temperature is time principal element, remaining factor influences opposite
It is not apparent.It according to best bulk density index, determines with preheating temperature as 600 DEG C, calcination temperature is 1150 DEG C, when calcining
Between for 14min as subsequent firing condition.
Table 4-3 ceramsite sintering L4 5Orthogonal
Control preheating temperature is 600 DEG C, preheating time 30min, calcination temperature are 1150 DEG C, calcination time 14min,
It is main to consider that the additive amount of pine sawdust is when bentonite and red mud proportion are 3g:1g, 4g:1g, 5g:1g, 6g:1g
0.1g, 0.2g, 0.3g, 0.4g, 0.5g, 0.6g, 0.7g, 0.8g, 0.9g, 1.0g respectively to haydite apparent density, bulk density,
The influence of grain compressive strength, is shown in Fig. 3.19 raw material proportionings represented are bentonites in Fig. 3 (d): red mud: pine sawdust=4:1:
0.9;36 representatives are 6:1:0.6;8 representatives are 3:1:0.8.In conjunction with compression strength, bulk density, apparent density curve (Fig. 3
(a) -3 (c)), 19 and 36 in intensity and apparent density difference it is little, but it is 19 still more much smaller than 36 in bulk density,
And 19 red mud dosage more greatly, this is conducive to waste utilization.Therefore selection 4:1:0.9 proportion carries out subsequent experimental.
(3) preheating time optimizes
By different preheating times (10,15,20,25,30min) fire obtain several pieces 1g haydite (bentonite: red mud:
Pine sawdust=4:10:0.9) it is put into the tetracycline of 50mL, 80mg/L, pH=7 is adjusted, conical flask is then put into constant temperature
Setting temperature is rocked with certain speed for 20 DEG C and is taken out for 24 hours in shaking bath, and the supernatant liquid filtering of solution is taken to measure in solution
The content of remaining tetracycline, and the adsorption capacity of haydite is calculated, the calcination temperature of haydite and the relationship of its adsorption capacity values are as schemed
4.The result shows that preheating time is best for the tetracycline adsorption capacity of haydite made from 20min.
Therefore final choice raw material proportioning is bentonite: red mud: pine sawdust=4:10:0.9, and preheating temperature is 600 DEG C, in advance
The hot time is 20min, calcination temperature is 1150 DEG C, and calcination time is that 14min makes haydite.Fire resulting haydite
XRD, surface SEM and section SEM are shown in Fig. 5.
(4) to the suction-operated of tetracycline and nutritive salt
It fires resulting haydite and adsorption capacity measurement (Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8) has been carried out to tetracycline and nutritive salt (nitrogen, phosphorus).
The result shows that this haydite has the ability (by taking tetracycline as an example) of stronger processing pharmaceutical wastewater, and can remove a certain amount of
Nutritive salt (nitrogen, phosphorus).
As described above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, practical range not for the purpose of limiting the invention, i.e.,
It is all according to equivalent changes and modifications made by the present invention, be all that scope of the invention as claimed is covered, no longer illustrate one by one here.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of haydite matrix for artificial swamp, which is characterized in that the matrix is prepared using the raw material of following mass ratio
It forms: bentonite: red mud: biomass=(4-6): 1:(0.1-0.9).
2. a kind of spherical haydite matrix for artificial swamp described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the haydite matrix is
Spheric granules, partial size 6-8mm.
3. the preparation method of the haydite matrix described in claim 1 for artificial swamp, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) bentonite, red mud and pine sawdust are dried, is ground into powder after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) bentonite, red mud and pine crumbs powder are added tap water, stirred evenly according to the mass ratio of setting, form mud
Group;
(3) it is granulated: round shaped grain is made in walk in the method that hand rubbing or machine are granulated, obtaining partial size is 6-8mm haydite round shaped grain blank,
Then haydite blank is dried for standby;
(4) preheating and high-temperature roasting: it is that 5-10 DEG C/min is raised to 300-600 DEG C with rate, preheats 15-30 minutes;Continue to heat up
It is roasted 15-30 minutes after to 1000-1150 DEG C;
(5) cooling, finished product.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that for finished product after cooling, in order to improve haydite surface
Roughness, then haydite surface of polishing.
5. application of the red mud in the haydite matrix that preparation is used for artificial swamp.
6. utilize claim 4 is handling pharmaceutical wastewater and nutritive salt using the prepared haydite matrix for artificial swamp
In application.
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Cited By (3)
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CN110655278A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏师范大学 | Ecological floating bed for purifying organic wastewater |
CN111992216A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-11-27 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method and application of composite heterojunction photocatalyst |
CN112409013A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-26 | 温州市工业科学研究院 | Modified ceramsite filler for adsorption and preparation method thereof |
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