CN110190492B - Laser amplifier - Google Patents
Laser amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN110190492B CN110190492B CN201910290190.8A CN201910290190A CN110190492B CN 110190492 B CN110190492 B CN 110190492B CN 201910290190 A CN201910290190 A CN 201910290190A CN 110190492 B CN110190492 B CN 110190492B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08072—Thermal lensing or thermally induced birefringence; Compensation thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/0813—Configuration of resonator
- H01S3/0815—Configuration of resonator having 3 reflectors, e.g. V-shaped resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10061—Polarization control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/163—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix
- H01S3/164—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix garnet
- H01S3/1643—YAG
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser amplifier, which comprises: the device comprises a matching lens and a gain medium which are sequentially arranged along the laser propagation direction, wherein the distance between the matching lens and an equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is a target distance, and the target distance is the sum of the focal length of the matching lens and the focal length of the equivalent lens; wherein the matched lens is used for transmitting the signal light; the gain medium is used for amplifying the signal light which is incident on the gain medium through the matching lens. The laser amplifier provided by the embodiment of the invention can compensate the thermal lens effect of the gain medium, avoid the mismatch between the amplified signal light and the gain area of the gain medium, and improve the quality of the amplified light beam and the energy extraction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a laser amplifier.
Background
The high-power solid laser has very wide application in the fields of material processing, particle acceleration, strong X-ray generation, laser inertial confinement fusion and the like. However, the ability of obtaining pulsed laser light directly from mode-locked oscillators and Q-switched oscillators is limited by factors such as damage thresholds of optical components. At present, in order to increase the pulse energy and obtain a high-power solid laser, a laser amplifier is generally adopted to amplify the oscillator pulse for several times or tens of times to obtain 103～107Multiple energy gain.
In the process of amplifying pulse laser by using a laser amplifier, a gain medium in the laser amplifier needs to be pumped, but under the action of high-power pump light, the gain medium generates a severe thermal lens effect, the thermal lens effect can affect laser beam propagation of the amplifier, mismatch between amplified signal light and a gain region of the gain medium is caused, and the quality and the energy extraction efficiency of the amplified signal light are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser amplifier, which aims to solve the problems that under the action of high-power pump light, a gain medium generates a thermal lens effect, amplified signal light is mismatched with a gain area of the gain medium, and the quality and the energy extraction efficiency of the amplified light beam are influenced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows:
there is provided a laser amplifier comprising: the device comprises a matching lens and a gain medium which are sequentially arranged along the laser propagation direction, wherein the distance between the matching lens and an equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is a target distance, and the target distance is the sum of the focal length of the matching lens and the focal length of the equivalent lens;
the matching lens is used for transmitting signal light;
the gain medium is used for amplifying the signal light which is incident on the gain medium through the matching lens.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the matching lens and the equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is the sum of the focal length of the matching lens and the focal length of the equivalent lens, so that the signal light is still nearly parallel light after passing through the matching lens and the gain medium, the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is compensated, the mismatch of the amplified signal light and the gain area of the gain medium is avoided, and the quality of the amplified light beam and the energy extraction efficiency are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser amplifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser amplifier according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an optical isolation device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the laser amplifier 10 includes: the laser gain control system comprises a matching lens 11 and a gain medium 12 which are sequentially arranged along the laser propagation direction, wherein the distance between the matching lens 11 and an equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is a target distance, and the target distance is the sum of the focal length of the matching lens and the focal length of the equivalent lens; wherein, the matched lens 11 is used for transmitting the signal light; and a gain medium 12 for amplifying the signal light incident on the gain medium 12 through the matching lens.
It will be appreciated that the matching lens 11 is a convex lens. The equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium 11 may also be referred to as a "thermal lens", a focal length of the equivalent lens may vary with a change of the injected pump power, and the focal length of the equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium 11 may be obtained through theoretical simulation or experimental measurement, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, assuming that the focal length of the matched lens 11 is f, the focal length of the equivalent lens is fTThe distance between the matching lens 11 and the equivalent lens isL, then L ═ f + fT。
Further, assuming that the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the matched lens 11 is D1 and the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the gain medium 12 is D2, it is possible to obtain:
therefore, the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the gain medium 12 can be flexibly controlled by selecting the matching lenses 11 with different focal lengths, so that the signal light and the gain area can be well matched, and higher energy extraction efficiency and better beam quality can be obtained.
Optionally, as an example, as shown in fig. 2, the laser amplifier 10 shown in fig. 1 further includes a first mirror 13 and an optical isolation device 14, the first mirror 13 is disposed along the laser propagation direction and located after the gain medium 12, and the optical isolation device 14 is disposed along the laser propagation direction and located before the matching lens 11; a first mirror 13 for transmitting the pump light of the gain medium 12 and reflecting the signal light amplified by the gain medium; and an optical isolation device 14 for isolating and outputting the amplified signal light. Thus, coaxial two-way amplification of signal light can be achieved.
Optionally, as another example, as shown in fig. 3, the laser amplifier 10 further includes a first polarization analyzer 15, a quarter wave plate 16, and a second mirror 17; the first polarization analyzer 15 and the quarter-wave plate 16 are arranged along the laser propagation direction, the first polarization analyzer 15 is positioned behind the optical isolation device 14 and in front of the quarter-wave plate 16, and the reflecting surface of the second reflecting mirror 17 is parallel to the laser propagation direction; a first polarization analyzer 15, configured to transmit the signal light passing through the optical isolation device 14, reflect the signal light twice amplified by the gain medium 12 to the second reflecting mirror 17, and reflect the signal light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 17 to the quarter-wave plate; and a second mirror 17 for reflecting the signal light twice amplified by the gain medium 12 and reflected by the first polarization analyzer 15 back to the first polarization analyzer 15. Thereby, coaxial four-way amplification of signal light can be realized.
The first polarization analyzer in fig. 3 is a polarizer or a beam splitter PBS. Embodiments of the invention are not limited in this regard and the first polarization analyzer may be any optical device capable of detecting a polarization state of light.
Specifically, assuming that the signal light passing through the optical isolator 14 is horizontally polarized light, the signal light is circularly polarized light after passing through the first polarization analyzer 15 and the quarter-wave plate 16, then the signal light is incident on the gain medium 12 through the matching lens 11, is incident on the first reflector 13 after being amplified for one time, is amplified again through the gain medium 12 after being returned through the first reflector 13, the amplified signal light is output to the quarter-wave plate 16 after passing through the matching lens 11, becomes vertically polarized light at this time, the vertically polarized light is incident on the first polarization analyzer 15, is reflected to the second reflector 17 through the first polarization analyzer 15, then the second reflector 17 returns the original path of the vertically polarized light to the first polarization analyzer 15, the vertically polarized light is reflected to the quarter-wave plate 16 by the first polarization analyzer 15, and then is incident on the gain medium 12 through the matching lens 11, the third amplification is realized, the signal light after the third amplification enters the first reflector 13, the fourth amplification is realized through the gain medium 12 after being reflected by the first reflector 13, the signal light after the fourth amplification is output to the quarter-wave plate 16 through the matching lens 11, the signal light after the fourth amplification is changed into horizontal polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate 16, and then the signal light after the fourth amplification enters the optical isolation device 14 through the first polarization analyzer 15, and the optical isolation device 14 realizes the output of the signal light after the fourth amplification.
Alternatively, as still another example, as shown in fig. 4, an angle between the normal direction of the first reflecting mirror 11 and the laser propagation mode is a target angle, a product of the target angle and a target distance is larger than a beam diameter of the signal light incident on the matched lens, the laser amplifier 10 further includes a triangular prism 18 and a third reflecting mirror 19, and the triangular prism 18 and the third reflecting mirror 19 are disposed away from the laser propagation direction; the triangular prism 18 is configured to reflect the signal light amplified twice by the gain medium 12 to the third reflector 19, and reflect the signal light returned by the third reflector 19 to the matched lens 11; the third reflector 19 is used for reflecting the signal light path reflected by the triangular prism 18 and amplified twice by the gain medium 12 back to the triangular prism 18. Thus, off-axis four-pass amplification of the signal light can be achieved.
Specifically, assuming that the signal light passing through the optical isolator 14 is horizontally polarized light, the horizontally polarized signal light is incident on the gain medium 12 through the matching lens 11, is incident on the first reflecting mirror 13 after being amplified for the first time, and is returned through the first reflecting mirror 13 and amplified again through the gain medium 12, assuming that an angle between a normal line of the first reflecting mirror and a light propagation direction is Δ θ, an angle between the signal light incident on the first reflecting mirror 13 and the signal light reflected by the first reflecting mirror is 2 Δ θ, and L × Δ θ > D1, thereby the signal light reflected by the first reflecting mirror 13 and the signal light incident on the first reflecting mirror 13 can be separated. The signal light amplified again by the gain medium 12 passes through the matching lens 11 and is output to the triangular prism 18, and is reflected to the third reflecting mirror 19 by the triangular prism 18, then the third reflecting mirror 19 returns the original path of the signal light to the triangular prism 18, the triangular prism 18 reflects the signal light to the matching lens 11 again, so that the horizontally polarized signal light is incident to the gain medium 12 through the matching lens 11 to realize third amplification, the signal light amplified for the third time is incident to the first reflecting mirror 13, the signal light is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 13 to realize fourth amplification through the gain medium 12, the signal amplified for the fourth time is output to the optical isolation device 14 through the matching lens 11 in the direction opposite to the direction when the signal light is incident to the gain medium 12 for the first time, and the optical isolation device 14 realizes the output of the signal light amplified for the fourth time.
On the basis of all the embodiments described above, as shown in fig. 5, the optical isolation device 14 includes the second polarization analyzer 141, the faraday rotator 142, and the half-wave plate 143, which are arranged in this order in the laser light propagation direction. The combination of faraday rotator 142 and half-wave plate 143 leaves the normally propagating polarized light unchanged in polarization state after the combination and rotates the polarization state of the back-reflected polarized light by 90 ° after the combination.
As an example, the second polarization analyzer 141 is a polarizing plate or a PBS, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second polarization analyzer may be any optical device capable of detecting a polarization state of light.
For example, it is assumed that the light incident on the second polarization analyzer 141 is horizontally polarized light, the horizontally polarized light is still horizontally polarized light after passing through the faraday rotator 142 and the half-wave plate 143, and then the horizontally polarized light is incident on the matching lens 11, and then incident on the gain medium 12 after passing through the matching lens 11, and after being amplified once by the gain medium 12, the horizontally polarized light is transmitted to the first reflecting mirror 13, and then reflected back to the gain medium 12 by the first reflecting mirror 13, and after being amplified again by the gain medium, the horizontally polarized light is transmitted to the matching lens 11, and then is converted into vertically polarized light after passing through the half-wave plate 143 and the faraday rotator 142, and the vertically polarized light is incident on the second polarization analyzer 141, and then reflected and output by the second polarization analyzer 141.
The gain medium in the embodiment of the invention is Nd: YAG, Nd: YVO4And Yb is one of YAG. The pumping mode of the gain medium in the above embodiment of the present invention is one of end-pumping and side-pumping.
It should be understood, however, that the gain medium or pump described above is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments of the present invention. The gain medium in the embodiment of the present invention may also be another gain medium other than the gain medium, and the pumping manner may be another pumping manner other than the pumping manner.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A laser amplifier, comprising:
the device comprises a matching lens and a gain medium which are sequentially arranged along the laser propagation direction, wherein the distance between the matching lens and an equivalent lens of the thermal lens effect of the gain medium is a target distance, and the target distance is the sum of the focal length of the matching lens and the focal length of the equivalent lens;
wherein the matched lens is used for transmitting the signal light;
the gain medium is used for amplifying the signal light which is incident on the gain medium through the matching lens;
assuming that the focal length of the matched lens is f, the focal length of the equivalent lens is fTAnd the distance between the matched lens and the equivalent lens is L, then L is f + fT(ii) a Assuming that the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the matching lens is D1 and the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the gain medium is D2, then
Controlling the beam diameter of the signal light incident on the gain medium by selecting matching lenses with different focal lengths;
the laser amplifier is characterized by further comprising a first reflector and an optical isolation device, wherein the first reflector is arranged along the laser propagation direction and is positioned behind the gain medium, and the optical isolation device is arranged along the laser propagation direction and is positioned in front of the matching lens;
the first reflector is used for transmitting and pumping the pumping light of the gain medium and reflecting the signal light amplified by the gain medium;
the optical isolation device is used for isolating and outputting the amplified signal light;
the laser amplifier also comprises a triangular prism and a third reflector, wherein the triangular prism and the third reflector are arranged in a way of deviating from the laser propagation direction;
the triangular prism is used for reflecting the signal light amplified twice by the gain medium to the third reflector and reflecting the signal light returned from the third reflector to the matched lens;
the third reflector is used for reflecting the signal light primary path reflected by the triangular prism and amplified by the gain medium for two times back to the triangular prism;
assuming that the signal light passing through the optical isolator is horizontally polarized light, the horizontally polarized signal light is incident on the gain medium through the matching lens, is incident on the first reflector after being amplified for the first time, and is amplified again through the gain medium after being returned through the first reflector, assuming that an included angle between a normal of the first reflector and a light propagation direction is delta theta, an included angle between the signal light incident on the first reflector and the signal light reflected by the first reflector is 2 delta theta, and L delta theta is greater than D1, so that the signal light reflected by the first reflector is separated from the signal light incident on the first reflector; the signal light amplified again by the gain medium passes through the matching lens and then is output to the triangular prism, and is reflected to the third reflector by the triangular prism, then the third reflector returns the original path of the signal light to the triangular prism, the triangular prism reflects the signal light to the matching lens again, so that the horizontally polarized signal light is incident to the gain medium through the matching lens to realize third amplification, the signal light amplified for the third time is incident to the first reflector, is reflected by the first reflector and then is amplified for the fourth time through the gain medium, the signal amplified for the fourth time is output to the optical isolation device through the matching lens along the direction opposite to the direction when the signal light is incident to the gain medium for the first time, and the optical isolation device realizes the output of the signal light amplified for the fourth time;
the optical isolator comprises a second polarization analyzer, a Faraday optical rotator and a half wave plate which are sequentially arranged along the laser propagation direction; assuming that light incident to the second polarization analyzer is horizontally polarized light, the horizontally polarized light is still horizontally polarized light after passing through the faraday optical rotator and the half-wave plate, then the horizontally polarized light is incident to the matching lens, is incident to the gain medium after passing through the matching lens, is transmitted to the first reflector after being amplified once by the gain medium, is reflected back to the gain medium by the first reflector, is transmitted to the matching lens after being amplified again by the gain medium, is converted into vertically polarized light after passing through the half-wave plate and the faraday optical rotator, and is reflected and output by the second polarization analyzer after being incident to the second polarization analyzer.
2. The laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein the combination of the faraday rotator and the half wave plate provides for a polarization state of forward propagating polarized light to be unchanged after the combination, and a polarization state of backward reflected polarized light to be rotated by 90 ° after the combination.
3. The laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein the second polarization analyzer is a polarizer or a polarization beam splitter.
4. The laser amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gain medium is one of Nd: YAG, Nd: YVO4, and Yb: YAG.
5. The laser amplifier according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gain medium is pumped by one of end-pumping and side-pumping.
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| CN201910290190.8A CN110190492B (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Laser amplifier |
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| CN201910290190.8A CN110190492B (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Laser amplifier |
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| CN110190492B true CN110190492B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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| CN112285938B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-01-31 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for generating singular hollow beams |
| CN113193469A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 北京盛镭科技有限公司 | Laser amplifier |
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| CN2569375Y (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2003-08-27 | 上海市激光技术研究所 | New thermal stable chamber |
| US20060146906A1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2006-07-06 | Cymer, Inc. | LLP EUV drive laser |
| CN2901639Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-05-16 | 北京工业大学 | Laser pulse four-way amplifier |
| CN102621704A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-08-01 | 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 | Four-pass laser amplifying device |
| US9160136B1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-10-13 | Lee Laser, Inc. | External diffusion amplifier |
| CN106898941B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Polarised light multi-pass amplifier based on splicing crystal |
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