CN110187283A - A kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC - Google Patents

A kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110187283A
CN110187283A CN201910517160.6A CN201910517160A CN110187283A CN 110187283 A CN110187283 A CN 110187283A CN 201910517160 A CN201910517160 A CN 201910517160A CN 110187283 A CN110187283 A CN 110187283A
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soc
lithium ion
temperature
ion battery
rate
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吴风霞
陈中华
张天赐
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Hubei Lithium Nuo Amperex Technology Ltd
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Hubei Lithium Nuo Amperex Technology Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements

Abstract

The invention discloses the estimation methods of lithium ion battery SOC a kind of, obtain HPPC or DCR experimental data-of the lithium ion battery under different temperatures, different multiplying and establish lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table-calculating lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R0, according to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0The SOC of lithium ion battery is calculated using current integration method.The equivalent-circuit model of lithium ion battery is not needed, ohmic internal resistance R is mainly passed through0, it is realized using current integration method, avoids the calculating of modeling and complexity, thus it is both simple and quick.

Description

A kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium battery administrative skill fields, and in particular to a kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC.
Background technique
With the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous exacerbation of environment and energy crisis, the application of new-energy automobile are also more next It is more extensive.Battery management system BMS is one of significant components of electric car.Battery management system BMS mainly includes battery lotus The estimation of electricity condition, the monitoring and battery over-voltage of battery temperature overcurrent, overcharge, over-discharge, the protection etc. for crossing high temperature.It is wherein electric Pond state-of-charge SOC mainly completes the estimation of battery remaining power, provides the information such as course continuation mileage for driver.SOC estimates in real time Meter is related to the optimum management of power battery charge and discharge control and electric car, directly affects the service life of power battery and moves The performance of Force system, therefore the accurate estimation of power battery SOC is very crucial for the operation of electric car.At present about lithium from The estimation of sub- battery SOC is carried out by equivalent-circuit model mostly, further relates to the calculating of some complexity, and workload is huge Greatly, it is unfavorable for On-line Estimation in real time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to the deficiencies of above-mentioned technology, provide a kind of simple, quick, accuracy is high lithium ion The estimation method of battery SOC.
To achieve the above object, the estimation method of the lithium ion battery SOC designed by the present invention, includes the following steps:
S1 HPPC or DCR experimental data of the lithium ion battery under different temperatures, different multiplying) is obtained；
S2 lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R) is established0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、 Crate)；
S3 the ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery) is calculated0, according to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0；
S4 the SOC of lithium ion battery) is calculated using current integration method
In formula (2), SOC (t0) it is t0The SOC at moment, i.e. step S3) described in SOC initial value SOC0；CcellFor battery Actual capacity；I (t) be battery electric current, charging be positive, discharge be negative, stand be 0.
Further, detailed process is as follows for the step 2):
R is calculated in conjunction with the voltage curve for standing voltage die stage initial stage discharged later in HPPC experimental data0 Or combine DCR experimental data in stand after charge initial stage voltage jump the stage voltage curve calculate R0, utilize Formula (1) calculates R0；
R0=(UC-UB)/I (1)
U in formula (1)BFor the voltage of B point, UCFor the voltage of C point, I value is negative when being positive, discharge when charging；C point is B point Later t seconds, then UCFor t seconds voltage after B point；
Utilize temperature T1, multiplying power Crate1HPPC or DCR experimental data temperature T is calculated according to formula (1)1, times Rate Crate1Under under each SOC state (SOC generally takes 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 100%) ohmic internal resistance R0, so successively treatment temperature T1, multiplying power Crate2, temperature T1, multiplying power Crate3, temperature T1, times Rate Crate4Etc. temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data under multiple multiplying powers, obtain ohmic internal resistance R0In temperature T1Under about multiplying power Crate, SOC two-dimensional polling list R0(SOC、Crate)；According to treatment temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data method, according to Secondary treatment temperature T2, temperature T3, temperature T4Etc. HPPC the or DCR experimental data at multiple temperature, ohmic internal resistance R is finally obtained0It closes In temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate)。
Further, it in the step 3), is recorded from the management system MBS of battery first according to the B point in step S2) Voltage-to-current-time data in search B point, determine UBValue and UCValue, I value are negative when being positive, discharge when charging；Finally handle UB、UC, I value substitute into formula (1) R is calculated0；
According to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0, specifically: R0The I used in calculating is scaled multiplying power Crate, the temperature T of lithium ion battery is obtained from the management system MBS of battery, is then based on R0、Crate, T value, utilize step S2 the three-dimensional lookup table R established in)0(T、SOC、Crate), SOC is obtained by interpolation, using this SOC as the initial value SOC of SOC0。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that the estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC of the present invention, is not required to The equivalent-circuit model of lithium ion battery is wanted, ohmic internal resistance R is mainly passed through0, realized using current integration method, avoid modeling And complicated calculating, thus it is both simple and quick；In addition, the initial value SOC of SOC0Determination method it is simple, according to ohmic internal resistance R0, Pass through three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate), interpolation obtains；Last SOC0Value can pass through constantly update R0It realizes, not only It is high-efficient, it can also reduce the cumulative errors of SOC estimation, to improve accuracy of estimation；Therefore, lithium ion battery SOC of the present invention Estimation method can be applied to the On-line Estimation of SOC in lithium ion battery management system BMS.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electric discharge and the voltage-time curve stood under 25 DEG C of HPPC 50%SOC states of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC, includes the following steps:
S1 HPPC or DCR experimental data of the lithium ion battery under different temperatures, different multiplying) is obtained；
S2 lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R) is established0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、 Crate)；Detailed process is as follows:
(such as scheme in conjunction with the voltage curve for standing voltage die stage initial stage discharged later in HPPC experimental data In 1 shown in BC sections) calculate R0Or combine stood in DCR experimental data after the initial stage voltage that charges jump the electricity in stage Buckle line computation R0, R is calculated using formula (1)0；
R0=(UC-UB)/I (1)
U in formula (1)BFor the voltage of B point, UCFor the voltage of C point, I value is negative when being positive, discharge when charging；Wherein, B point To stand finish time, UBOpen-circuit voltage under SOC state thus, B point should have following two feature: 1) electric current is from scratch Transition point, 2) pass through sufficiently long standing before B point, i.e. B point is away from a upper electric current from there is the time to the transition point of nothing to want Long enough, generally need 1 hour or more；C point is t seconds after B point, then UCFor t seconds voltage after B point, t is generally taken 5 seconds；
Utilize temperature T1, multiplying power Crate1HPPC or DCR experimental data temperature T is calculated according to formula (1)1, times Rate Crate1Under under each SOC state (SOC generally takes 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 100%) ohmic internal resistance R0, so successively treatment temperature T1, multiplying power Crate2, temperature T1, multiplying power Crate3, temperature T1, times Rate Crate4Etc. temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data under multiple multiplying powers, obtain ohmic internal resistance R0In temperature T1Under about multiplying power Crate, SOC two-dimensional polling list R0(SOC、Crate)；According to treatment temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data method, according to Secondary treatment temperature T2, temperature T3, temperature T4Etc. HPPC the or DCR experimental data at multiple temperature, ohmic internal resistance R is finally obtained0It closes In temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate)；
S3 the ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery) is calculated using formula (1)0, according to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC just Value SOC0；
The ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery is calculated using formula (1)0, B point is key point, need to first find B point, later really Determine C point and I value；
Specifically: two features that the point of the B according to described in step S2) should have, first from the management system MBS of battery In the voltage-to-current of middle record-time data, B point is found, has determined that UBValue；C point and I value are determined later, and C point determines U is determined thatCValue；Finally UB、UC, I value substitute into formula (1) R is calculated0；
According to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0, specifically: above-mentioned R0The I used in calculating is scaled Multiplying power Crate, the temperature T of lithium ion battery is obtained from the management system MBS of battery, is then based on R0、Crate, T value, utilize step Rapid S2) in establish three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate), SOC is obtained by interpolation, using this SOC as the initial value of SOC SOC0；
S4 the SOC of lithium ion battery) is calculated using current integration method
In formula (2), SOC (t0) it is t0The SOC at moment, i.e. step S3) described in SOC initial value SOC0；CcellFor battery Actual capacity；I (t) be battery electric current, charging be positive, discharge be negative, stand be 0.
Below by taking the SOC of certain 120Ah ternary lithium ion battery estimation as an example, it is illustrated.
S1 HPPC experiment of the lithium ion battery under temperature (15 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 35 DEG C), multiplying power (0.5C, 1C, 2C)) is obtained Data；
S2 lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R) is established0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、 Crate)；
Using 25 DEG C, the HPPC experimental data of 1C, according to formula (1) be calculated 25 DEG C, under each SOC state of 1C (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 100%) ohmic internal resistance R0, as a result such as 1 (embodiment of table The ohmic internal resistance R that the experimental data of 25 DEG C of 1C HPPC is calculated0) shown in；So successively handle 25 DEG C, 0.5C, 25 DEG C, 2C HPPC experimental data obtain ohmic internal resistance R0About multiplying power C at 25 DEG Crate, SOC two-dimensional polling list R0(SOC、Crate)； According to the method for 25 DEG C of HPPC experimental data of processing, the HPPC experimental data of 15 DEG C, 35 DEG C is successively handled, ohm is finally obtained Internal resistance R0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate)；
S3 the ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery) is calculated using formula (1)0, according to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0；
The ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery is calculated using formula (1)0.B point is key point, need to first find B point, determines C later Point and I value.Two features that B point described in specifically: according to above-mentioned S2) should have, first from the management system MBS of battery In the voltage-to-current of middle record-time data, B point is found, has determined that UBValue；Determine that (C point takes after B point C point later The 5th second) and I value, C point, which has determined, has determined that UCValue；Finally UB、UC, I value substitute into formula (1) R is calculated0；
S4 the SOC of lithium ion battery) is calculated using current integration method.
Table 1
SOC 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10%
R0[Ω] 0.0010449 0.0009824 0.0009743 0.0009791 0.0011902 0.0009946 0.0010019 0.0012227 0.001027 0.0010522
The estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC of the present invention, does not need the equivalent-circuit model of lithium ion battery, mainly passes through Ohmic internal resistance R0, it is realized using current integration method, avoids the calculating of modeling and complexity, thus it is i.e. simple and quick；In addition, The initial value SOC of SOC0Determination method it is simple, according to ohmic internal resistance R0, pass through three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate), interpolation obtains It arrives；Last SOC0Value can pass through constantly update R0It realizes, it is not only high-efficient, it can also reduce the cumulative errors of SOC estimation, from And improve accuracy of estimation；Therefore, the estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC of the present invention can be applied to lithium ion battery management system The On-line Estimation of SOC in BMS.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC, characterized by the following steps:
S1 HPPC or DCR experimental data of the lithium ion battery under different temperatures, different multiplying) is obtained；
S2 lithium ion battery ohmic internal resistance R) is established0About temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、 Crate)；
S3 the ohmic internal resistance R of lithium ion battery) is calculated0, according to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0；
S4 the SOC of lithium ion battery) is calculated using current integration method
In formula (2), SOC (t0) it is t0The SOC at moment, i.e. step S3) described in SOC initial value SOC0；CcellFor the reality of battery Border capacity；I (t) be battery electric current, charging be positive, discharge be negative, stand be 0.
2. the estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the specific mistake of the step 2) Journey is as follows:
R is calculated in conjunction with the voltage curve for standing voltage die stage initial stage discharged later in HPPC experimental data0Or knot Close DCR experimental data in stand after charge initial stage voltage jump the stage voltage curve calculate R0, utilize formula (1) Calculate R0；
R0=(UC-UB)/I (1)
U in formula (1)BFor the voltage of B point, UCFor the voltage of C point, I value is negative when being positive, discharge when charging；C point is after B point T seconds, then UCFor t seconds voltage after B point；
Utilize temperature T1, multiplying power Crate1HPPC or DCR experimental data temperature T is calculated according to formula (1)1, multiplying power Crate1Under under each SOC state (SOC generally takes 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 100%) ohmic internal resistance R0, so successively treatment temperature T1, multiplying power Crate2, temperature T1, multiplying power Crate3, temperature T1, multiplying power Crate4Etc. temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data under multiple multiplying powers, obtain ohmic internal resistance R0In temperature T1Under about multiplying power Crate, SOC two-dimensional polling list R0(SOC、Crate)；According to treatment temperature T1Under HPPC or DCR experimental data method, according to Secondary treatment temperature T2, temperature T3, temperature T4Etc. HPPC the or DCR experimental data at multiple temperature, ohmic internal resistance R is finally obtained0It closes In temperature T, multiplying power Crate, SOC three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate)。
3. the estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the step 3), according to step Rapid S2) in B point B point is searched first from the voltage-to-current recorded in the management system MBS of battery-time data, determine UB Value and UCValue, I value are negative when being positive, discharge when charging；Finally UB、UC, I value substitute into formula (1) R is calculated0；
According to R0Three-dimensional lookup table estimation SOC initial value SOC0, specifically: R0The I used in calculating is scaled multiplying power Crate, The temperature T that lithium ion battery is obtained from the management system MBS of battery, is then based on R0、Crate, T value, using being built in step S2) Vertical three-dimensional lookup table R0(T、SOC、Crate), SOC is obtained by interpolation, using this SOC as the initial value SOC of SOC0。
CN201910517160.6A 2019-06-14 2019-06-14 A kind of estimation method of lithium ion battery SOC Pending CN110187283A (en)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103969596A (en) * 2014-05-30 2014-08-06 上海海事大学 Calculation and correction device and method for state of charge (SOC) of marine power lithium ion battery
CN105277898A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-27 浙江大学 Battery charge state detecting method
CN106154171A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-23 清华大学 Set up the method for damping function in battery DC
JP2017129401A (en) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-27 日立化成株式会社 Battery state estimation method and device
CN107045108A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-08-15 安徽广通汽车制造股份有限公司 A kind of charging process alignment lithium battery group SOC method
CN107271911A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-20 河南理工大学 A kind of SOC On-line Estimation methods that correction is segmented based on model parameter
CN108872861A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-23 温州大学 A kind of method of online evaluation cell health state
CN109031126A (en) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-18 梁小红 Battery management system and SOC estimation algorithm
CN109596985A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-09 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Power battery pack internal resistance estimation on line method and battery management system

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103969596A (en) * 2014-05-30 2014-08-06 上海海事大学 Calculation and correction device and method for state of charge (SOC) of marine power lithium ion battery
CN105277898A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-27 浙江大学 Battery charge state detecting method
JP2017129401A (en) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-27 日立化成株式会社 Battery state estimation method and device
CN106154171A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-23 清华大学 Set up the method for damping function in battery DC
CN107045108A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-08-15 安徽广通汽车制造股份有限公司 A kind of charging process alignment lithium battery group SOC method
CN109031126A (en) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-18 梁小红 Battery management system and SOC estimation algorithm
CN107271911A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-20 河南理工大学 A kind of SOC On-line Estimation methods that correction is segmented based on model parameter
CN108872861A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-23 温州大学 A kind of method of online evaluation cell health state
CN109596985A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-09 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Power battery pack internal resistance estimation on line method and battery management system

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Application publication date: 20190830