CN110186583B - Method for measuring temperature of ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging - Google Patents
Method for measuring temperature of ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature measuring method of a ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing an electrode; building a multi-channel test measurement hardware system; designing electrical impedance real-time imaging software; establishing a functional relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change; and obtaining the temperature distribution condition from the resistivity distribution calculation result. The method can synchronously and accurately measure the temperature distribution of the high-temperature component by combining the real-time calculation result of the electrical impedance imaging technology on the electrical resistivity distribution of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component with the relationship that the electrical resistivity changes along with the temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, in particular to a method for measuring the temperature of a ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the performance of the aircraft engine, the temperature of the combustion gas and the temperature of the turbine inlet are also continuously improved. The life of an aircraft engine depends on the life of the hot end components, and in order to accurately predict the life of the hot end components and verify the reliability of the engine design, it is necessary to measure the temperature distribution of the hot end components. However, under a complicated high-temperature severe environment, temperature measurement of high-temperature components has great technical difficulty, and the existing temperature measurement technologies all have certain limitations.
The temperature measurement method can be largely classified into a contact method and a non-contact method. In the contact type temperature measurement method, the temperature indication paint temperature measurement method is widely applied to temperature measurement of an aircraft engine. The temperature indicating coating undergoes a physical or chemical change as the temperature increases, causing a change in surface color, thereby indicating the temperature distribution. The temperature measurement method of the temperature indicating paint is convenient to use and wide in temperature measurement range, and is a non-interference test method (see Xufenghua. application research of the temperature indicating paint technology on surface temperature test of high-temperature parts of an aircraft engine [ D ]. university of electronic technology ]. However, the color change of the temperature indicating paint is irreversible, so that the highest temperature of a hot end part can be measured only, and real-time monitoring cannot be realized; secondly, the temperature can be interpreted only by disassembling the blade, and the in-situ monitoring cannot be carried out; meanwhile, the temperature measurement precision and the resolution ratio are low. For non-contact thermometry, the most widely used at home and abroad is radiation thermometry (see bear soldiers, Min-JieH, old flood sensitivity, et al. application of radiation thermometry technology in turbine blade temperature field [ J ]. gas turbine test and research, 2008, 21 (3)). The radiation thermometry method is used for measuring the surface temperature based on the infrared radiation theory, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong reliability, no interference and the like. However, the temperature measurement accuracy of the method is affected by radiation loss, gas absorption in air and other reflected radiation of objects, and the like, and the real-time temperature monitoring during the rotation of the turbine blade cannot be realized at present.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a temperature measurement method capable of monitoring the temperature distribution of a high-temperature component in real time, online and in-situ, so as to realize rapid, effective, economical and reliable temperature measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for measuring the temperature of a ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging, aiming at solving the problems of high difficulty in temperature measurement, difficulty in real-time measurement and the like in high-temperature occasions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for measuring the temperature of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: manufacturing electrodes, and constructing a certain number of electrode arrays for conducting electric signals around the periphery of the tested ceramic matrix composite structural part; designing a thermal protection device for ensuring that the electrode can normally work in a high-temperature environment;
step 2: building a multi-channel test measurement hardware system for collecting the electric signals transmitted by the electrode array;
and step 3: calculating and imaging the resistivity distribution of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging technology reconstruction algorithm and the voltage data acquired by the hardware system in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: establishing a functional relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change;
and 5: and (4) converting the resistivity distribution condition obtained by calculation in the step (3) into a temperature distribution condition according to the function relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change established in the step (4), and finally realizing the real-time effective measurement of the temperature distribution on the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
further, in the step 1, the tested ceramic matrix composite structural part is a turbine guide vane, and an electrode is embedded into the inner edge of the high-temperature part so as to avoid additional interference; the thermal protection device adopts an ultrahigh-temperature corrosion-resistant ceramic coating to be uniformly coated on the surface of the electrode to form a protection cover, and adopts a quartz fiber sleeve as a lead for thermal insulation.
Further, in step 4, a test is carried out, and the resistance values of the two ends of the ceramic matrix composite material test piece in the high-temperature environment and the temperature values at different positions along the length direction of the test piece are synchronously measured.
Further, in the step 4, under the clamping of the clamp, the strip-shaped test piece passes through the inner cavity of the high-temperature furnace, two ends of the test piece are symmetrically positioned outside the shell of the high-temperature furnace, and the inner wall of the inner cavity of the high-temperature furnace is provided with the insulating brick; arranging armored thermocouple probes at five positions from near to far from the center of the test piece, connecting the thermocouple probes with a multi-path temperature tester for real-time temperature measurement and storage, and further obtaining the corresponding relation between the temperature and the position on the test piece; and the two ends of the test piece are connected with the resistance tester, and the resistance value between the two ends is measured and stored by the resistance tester in real time.
Further, in step 4, the resistance-resistivity relation is expressed by
Deriving a resistance-temperature relation
Wherein R represents the measured resistance value, rho represents the resistivity, L and S respectively represent the length and the sectional area of the test piece, T is the temperature, and rho (T) is the function relation of the resistivity which is drawn up and changes with the temperature
The functional relation T (l) of the temperature T and the position l is obtained by curve fitting obtained by experiments; according to the test measurement result, the resistance-temperature relational expressions at different moments are combined, coefficients C1 and C2 to be determined in the drawn function are solved, and the functional relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change can be established.
Further, in step 5, the temperature distribution and the resistivity distribution are established based on the same two-dimensional finite element model of the high-temperature thin plate to be measured, and are finally visually displayed in an image mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention applies the electrical impedance imaging technology to the temperature measurement of high-temperature components, solves the technical problem that the temperature is difficult to directly measure under the high-temperature severe environment, and provides a feasible and reliable new method.
(2) The method for establishing the resistivity variation relation along with the temperature is simple and easy to understand, is easier to accept and master by engineering personnel, and has more accurate established resistivity temperature function relation.
(3) Compared with the prior temperature measurement technology, the invention relies on a real-time electrical impedance imaging system and a reliable resistivity temperature test relation, so that the temperature measurement result is more accurate and has real-time performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of the test protocol of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention for measuring the temperature of a high temperature ceramic matrix composite based on electrical impedance imaging technology.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a resistance and temperature test measuring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature measurement of a ceramic matrix composite high temperature component based on electrical impedance imaging technology.
The reference numbers are as follows: the device comprises a turbine guide vane 1, an electrode array 2, a hardware system 3, a computer 4, a clamp 5, a test piece 6, a high-temperature furnace shell 7, a heat-insulating brick 8, a high-temperature furnace inner cavity 9, a thermocouple probe 10, a temperature tester 11 and a resistance tester 12.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for measuring the temperature of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging comprises an electrical impedance imaging system and an analysis method for carrying out real-time measurement on the temperature of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component by combining the change relation of resistivity with temperature.
The electrical impedance imaging system consists of two parts, the first part is hardware for multi-channel test measurement and electric signal conduction at a test end, and the second part is software for operation, imaging and control at a PC end. The hardware part of the electrical impedance imaging system mainly comprises a multi-channel switch system, a precise direct-current power supply, a high-precision data acquisition system and an electrode device. The electrode device has certain high temperature resistance and can accurately conduct electric signals in a high-temperature environment. The software part of the electrical impedance imaging system comprises the main functions of calculation of electrical resistivity distribution, imaging, program control of hardware and the like.
The analysis method for real-time temperature measurement of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component is a method for converting a resistivity distribution result of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component calculated by an electrical impedance imaging system into a temperature distribution result by utilizing the change relation of the resistivity of the ceramic matrix composite along with the temperature, so that the temperature distribution measurement of the high-temperature component is realized. The functional relationship of the resistivity of the ceramic matrix composite material along with the temperature change is generally obtained by further calculating the relationship of the resistance value of a test piece along with the temperature change obtained by tests. The ceramic matrix composite high temperature components are typically thin plate members, such as turbine vanes.
The method for measuring the temperature of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging as shown in fig. 1 and 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (5) manufacturing an electrode. A certain number of electrode arrays 2 (namely sensor arrays) for conducting electric signals are built around the periphery of a structural component to be measured such as a turbine guide vane 1; the thermal protection device is designed to ensure that the electrode can normally work in a high-temperature environment, for example, the ultra-high temperature corrosion-resistant ceramic coating is uniformly coated on the surface of the electrode to form a protective cover, and the quartz fiber sleeve is used as a lead for heat insulation and other means.
Step 2: and constructing a multi-channel test measurement hardware system 3. The stable transmission of the tiny constant current, the multi-channel switching and the accurate collection of the weak voltage data are realized. The multi-channel test measurement hardware system has higher test stability and measurement precision so as to meet the requirements of transmission and acquisition of weak current signals.
And step 3: and designing electrical impedance real-time imaging software. The autonomous compiler controls hardware to realize automatic test and measurement; and (3) based on an electrical impedance imaging technology reconstruction algorithm and voltage data acquired by the hardware system 3 in the step (2), independently compiling the program to realize calculation and imaging of resistivity distribution. The control and calculation programs are integrated into the man-machine interaction software in the computer 4. The calculation speed of the reconstruction algorithm should be high to meet the real-time requirement.
And 4, step 4: the resistivity as a function of temperature was established.
And carrying out a test, and synchronously measuring the resistance values of two ends of the ceramic matrix composite test piece in a high-temperature environment and the temperature values at different positions along the length direction of the test piece. A test device for synchronously measuring the resistance value and the temperature value of a test piece is shown in fig. 3. Under the clamping of the clamp 5, the strip-shaped ceramic matrix composite material test piece 6 is positioned in a high-temperature furnace heating device. Wherein, 7 is a high-temperature furnace shell, 8 is a heat-insulating brick, and 9 is a high-temperature furnace inner cavity. The temperature distribution is not uniform along the length direction of the test piece, and meanwhile, the temperature distribution has symmetry, so that the armored thermocouple probes 10 are arranged at five positions from the near to the far away from the center of the test piece, and the thermocouple test wires are connected with the multi-path temperature tester 11 to carry out real-time temperature measurement and storage, so that the corresponding relation between the temperature and the position on the test piece is obtained. Meanwhile, the resistance value between the two ends of the test piece is measured and stored in real time by the precision resistance tester 12.
From the resistance-resistivity relation
Deriving a resistance-temperature relation
Where R denotes the measured resistance, p denotes the resistivity, L and S denote the length and cross-sectional area of the specimen, respectively, and T is the temperature, p (T) being a function of the resistivity as determined by temperature, e.g.
The temperature T as a function of the position l, T (l), is obtained by fitting the curve obtained in the above-mentioned experiment. According to the test measurement result, the resistance-temperature relational expressions at different moments are combined, coefficients C1 and C2 to be determined in the drawn function are solved, and the functional relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change can be established.
And 5: and obtaining the temperature distribution condition from the resistivity distribution calculation result. And (4) converting the resistivity distribution condition obtained by calculation in the step (3) into a temperature distribution condition according to the function relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change established in the step (4), and finally realizing the real-time effective measurement of the temperature distribution on the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component. The obtained temperature distribution result is schematically shown in fig. 4, and the difference of the colors shows the difference of the temperature values, wherein the dark color area is the high temperature area.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not limited by the technical contents of the essential changes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for measuring the temperature of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: manufacturing electrodes, and constructing a certain number of electrode arrays for conducting electric signals around the periphery of the tested ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component; designing a thermal protection device for ensuring that the electrode can normally work in a high-temperature environment; in the step 1, the tested ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component is a turbine guide vane (1), and an electrode is embedded into the edge of the interior of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component; the thermal protection device adopts an ultrahigh-temperature corrosion-resistant ceramic coating to be uniformly coated on the surface of the electrode to form a protection cover, and adopts a quartz fiber sleeve as a lead for heat insulation;
step 2: building a multi-channel test measurement hardware system for collecting the electric signals transmitted by the electrode array;
and step 3: calculating and imaging the resistivity distribution of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component based on the electrical impedance imaging technology reconstruction algorithm and the voltage data acquired by the hardware system in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: establishing a functional relation of the resistivity along with the temperature change; step 4, carrying out a test, and synchronously measuring the resistance values of two ends of the ceramic matrix composite material test piece in a high-temperature environment and the temperature values at different positions along the length direction of the test piece; under the clamping of the clamp (5), a strip-shaped test piece (6) penetrates through the inner cavity (9) of the high-temperature furnace, two ends of the test piece (6) are symmetrically positioned outside the outer shell (7) of the high-temperature furnace, and the inner wall of the inner cavity (9) of the high-temperature furnace is provided with a heat-insulating brick (8); arranging armored thermocouple probes (10) at five positions from near to far away from the center of the test piece (6), connecting the thermocouple probes (10) with a multi-path temperature tester (11) for real-time temperature measurement and storage, and further obtaining the corresponding relation between the temperature and the position on the test piece (6); two ends of the test piece (6) are connected with the resistance tester (12), and the resistance value between the two ends is measured and stored by the resistance tester (12) in real time;
from the resistance-resistivity relation
Deriving a resistance-temperature relation
Wherein R represents the measured resistance value, rho represents the resistivity, L and S respectively represent the length and the sectional area of the test piece, T is the temperature, and rho (T) is the function relation of the resistivity which is drawn up and changes with the temperature
The functional relation T (l) of the temperature T and the position l is obtained by curve fitting obtained by experiments; according to the test measurement result, simultaneously establishing a resistance-temperature relation at different moments, and solving a undetermined coefficient C in a formulated function1And C2The functional relation of the resistivity changing along with the temperature can be established;
and 5: converting the resistivity distribution condition obtained by calculation in the step 3 into a temperature distribution condition according to the function relation of the resistivity changing along with the temperature established in the step 4, and finally realizing real-time effective measurement of the temperature distribution on the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component; the temperature distribution and the resistivity distribution are established based on the same two-dimensional finite element model of the ceramic matrix composite high-temperature component, and are finally visually displayed in an image mode.
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| CN112880565A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-01 | 南京毛勒工程材料有限公司 | X-X direction displacement measuring device for spherical support |
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| CN113640140B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-06-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-temperature double-shaft strength tester and method for ceramic matrix composite turbine guide vane |
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