CN110186024A - A kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to steam boiler technical field, specially a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel, includes combustion furnace, heat-exchange system, water system and wind preheater；Cyclone separator is provided between combustion furnace and heat-exchange system；The end of heat-exchange system is connected with dust pelletizing system；Water system includes sequentially connected oxygen-eliminating device, heat exchanger tube, drum and gas-distributing cylinder；Heat-exchange system includes the hot gas path being in turn connected to form by horizontal segment, left connection part and right connection part, hot gas path have it is sequentially connected several, the region between adjacent hot gas path is arranged in heat exchanger tube；Wind preheater passes through heat-exchange system and pipe connects combustion furnace, air needed for wind preheater is capable of providing combustion furnace work；Heat-exchange system of the invention is provided with several hot gas paths, and the region between adjacent hot gas path is arranged in heat exchanger tube, increase heating surface between heat exchanger tube and hot gas path and, promote the utilization rate of the energy, reduce thermal loss.

Description

A kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel

Technical field

The present invention relates to steam boiler technical field, specially a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel.

Background technique

Biomass fuel refers to biological material burning as fuel, generally mainly agriculture and forestry organic waste material, and belonging to can be again The raw energy, makes full use of biomass fuel to have energy saving, antipollution social benefit, it may have economical well The steam boiler system of benefit, existing biomass-burning fuel is low in the prevalence of boiler combustion efficiency, and thermal loss is big, system The low problem of overall efficiency.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of steam boiler systems of biomass-burning fuel System, includes combustion furnace, heat-exchange system, water system and wind preheater；It is provided between the combustion furnace and heat-exchange system Cyclone separator；The end of the heat-exchange system is connected with dust pelletizing system；The water system includes sequentially connected deoxygenation Device, heat exchanger tube, drum and gas-distributing cylinder；The heat-exchange system includes being sequentially connected by horizontal segment, left connection part and right connection part The hot gas path of formation, the hot gas path have it is sequentially connected several, heat exchanger tube is arranged between adjacent hot gas path Region；The wind preheater passes through heat-exchange system and pipe connects combustion furnace, sky needed for wind preheater is capable of providing combustion furnace work Gas.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the cyclone separator is connected with material returning device, the discharging of the material returning device End connection combustion furnace.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the wind preheater has arranged side by side at least two, and wind preheater connects It is connected to blower.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the heat-exchange system further includes being sequentially connected or connecting side by side at least Two evaporators.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the heat-exchange system further includes being sequentially connected or connecting side by side at least Two economizers.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the cyclone separator includes the circular cylinder set gradually from top to bottom Body, circular cone and ash bucket, the upper end of the circular cylinder body is tangentially-arranged air inlet, is provided with out at the top of circular cylinder body Port is provided with guiding subassembly at air inlet, be provided at ash bucket can rotation blanking component.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the material returning device includes the standpipe for connecting cyclone separator, returning charge storehouse And the refeed line of connection combustion furnace, the returning charge storehouse tilts upward setting, returning charge component, the returning charge is provided in returning charge storehouse Component includes the shaft being accommodated in returning charge storehouse and the helical blade that is arranged in shaft, and shaft is connected with external driving Motor.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the dust pelletizing system includes to set gradually from the end of heat-exchange system Cooling component, bag-type dust component and desulfurization module, the bag-type dust component include except dirt barrel and to be arranged in dedusting Filter bag in cylinder, cooling component are connect with filter bag, and except dirt barrel is connected with the first air blower, the desulfurization module includes desulfurization pond And the spray assemblies of desulfurization pond outlet end are set, the outlet end pipe of the first air blower connects desulfurization pond.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the combustion furnace includes burner hearth and the isolation that lower furnace portion is arranged in The inner cavity of burner hearth is divided into the fire in a stove before fuel is added area and the combustion zone on top of lower part by grid, the isolated gate, and fire in a stove before fuel is added area is connected with snorkel.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the snorkel can be passed through combustion gas and/or oxygen, and snorkel is located at isolation The bottom end of grid lower part is provided with ignition coil.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:

Firstly, heat-exchange system of the invention is provided with several hot gas paths, heat exchanger tube setting adjacent hot gas path it Between region, increase heating surface between heat exchanger tube and hot gas path and, promote the utilization rate of the energy, reduce thermal loss；

Secondly, combustion furnace of the invention is also connected with wind preheater, wind preheater passes through heat-exchange system and is sent into sky to be promoted The temperature of gas improves the efficiency of combustion of boiler, reduces system overall efficiency.

Detailed description of the invention

To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described.Obviously, described attached drawing is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than is all implemented Example, without creative efforts, other that can also be obtained according to these attached drawings are set those skilled in the art Meter scheme and attached drawing:

Fig. 1 is system flow schematic diagram of the invention；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of heat-exchange system of the invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of combustion furnace of the invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of cyclone separator of the invention；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of material returning device of the invention；

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of dust pelletizing system of the invention.

Specific embodiment

It is carried out below with reference to technical effect of the embodiment and attached drawing to design of the invention, specific structure and generation clear Chu is fully described by, to be completely understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.Obviously, described embodiment is this hair Bright a part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments, based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not being paid Other embodiments obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention under the premise of creative work.

The steam boiler system of a kind of biomass-burning fuel as shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprising have combustion furnace 1, heat exchange system System 2, water system 3 and wind preheater 4, are provided with cyclone separator 5 between the combustion furnace 1 and heat-exchange system 2, described to change The end of hot systems 2 is connected with dust pelletizing system 7, and the water system 3 includes sequentially connected oxygen-eliminating device 301, heat exchanger tube 302, drum 303 and gas-distributing cylinder 304, the heat-exchange system 2 include by horizontal segment 201, left connection part 202 and right connection part 203 hot gas paths being in turn connected to form, the hot gas path have it is sequentially connected several, heat exchanger tube 302 be arranged adjacent Region between hot gas path；The wind preheater 4 passes through heat-exchange system 2 and pipe connects combustion furnace 1, and wind preheater 4 is capable of providing Combustion furnace 1 works required air, that is, and air is passed through in combustion furnace 1 again after the heating of heat-exchange system 2 makees combustion-supporting gas, by In before burning air have been heated to certain temperature, therefore, can with biomass fuel conflagration discharge thermal energy, improve pot The efficiency of combustion of furnace also reduces the complex energy loss of system.

The principle of this steam boiler system, which is that biomass fuel burns in combustion furnace 1, discharges thermal energy generation high-temperature flue gas, High-temperature solid particle is separated and returned in combustion furnace 1 by cyclone separator 5 by high-temperature flue gas further to burn, the same to time-division It separates out high temperature gas flow and is passed through heat-exchange system 2, and clean gas is discharged after dedusting from 2 end of heat-exchange system intervention dust pelletizing system 7 Body avoids pollution air, and the effect of water system 3 is, boiler feed water is passed through in heat exchanger tube 302 after oxygen-eliminating device 301, The setting of heat exchanger tube 302 carries out heat exchange between adjacent hot gas path and forms high-temperature steam, and after steam-water separation, steam is through dividing Cylinder 304 is delivered to Client Enterprise.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in Fig. 2, the heat exchanger tube 302 is arranged in horizontal segment 201 or Zuo Lian Connect section 202 or pipeline that right connection part 203 is connected two-by-two between region, at this point, the section of the heat exchanger tube 302 is preferably In kidney-shaped, two sides of heat exchanger tube 302 are close to or abut the outer wall of hot gas path, promote heat transfer effect, the present embodiment It is advantageous in that, steam can be arranged directly on the outside of hot gas path, and production and assembly simple process reduces cost.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in Figure 1, the heat-exchange system 2 further includes being sequentially connected or simultaneously Arrange at least two evaporators and/or at least two economizers of connection, in the present embodiment, the evaporator and province's coal Device includes several hot gas paths, and the principle of evaporator and economizer is identical as conventional model currently on the market.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in figure 3, the combustion furnace 1 includes being existed by burner hearth 101 and setting The isolated gate 102 of 101 lower part of burner hearth, the isolated gate 102 by the inner cavity of burner hearth 101 be divided into lower part fire in a stove before fuel is added area 103 and on The combustion zone 104 in portion, the fire in a stove before fuel is added area 103 are connected with snorkel 105, further have, and the snorkel 105 can be passed through combustion gas And/or oxygen, the bottom end that snorkel 105 is located at 102 lower part of isolated gate is provided with ignition coil 106, specifically, the ignition coil 106 working principle is identical as the ignition principle of gas-cooker common in family, that is, snorkel 105 is first passed through combustion gas, burner hearth 101 light the biomass fuel being put into burner hearth 101 using ignition coil 106, after biomass fuel can be from main burning, ventilation Pipe 105 can be passed through oxygen and carry out combustion-supporting with switching, and enable biomass fuel full combustion, at this point, snorkel 105 can be with External fuel gas conduit and oxygen hose, two tracheaes can connect snorkel 105 by triple valve；It should be noted that in routine Under state, air needed for biomass fuel combustion can be passed through via wind preheater 4, in the burning function for needing to increase combustion furnace 1 When rate, it is combustion-supporting oxygen progress can be accessed by snorkel 105；It is also connected with feeding screw 107 on the burner hearth 101, it should Biomass fuel can be sent into combustion zone 104 by feeding screw 107, guarantee that steam boiler being capable of non-stop run；Further Ground has, and the isolated gate 102 can use mesh plate, and the aperture of the mesh is less than the size of biomass fuel, the fire in a stove before fuel is added area 103 are provided with discharging switch 706, form burning dust particles after biomass fuel full combustion and fall to fire in a stove before fuel is added area 103, can To open discharging switch 706 to clear up the dust particles, guarantee that steam boiler can burn work for a long time, avoid combustion residue stifled Fill in combustion mechanism.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the wind preheater 4 includes blower and air supply duct, the air-supply The region between adjacent hot gas path is arranged in pipeline and pipe meets the fire in a stove before fuel is added area 103 of combustion furnace 1.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in Figure 1, the cyclone separator 5 is connected with material returning device 6, returning charge The discharge end of device 6 connects combustion furnace 1.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in figure 4, the cyclone separator 5 include by have air inlet pipe 501, Escape pipe 502, circular cylinder body 503, circular cone 504 and ash bucket 505, the circular cylinder body 503, circular cone 504 and ash Bucket 505 is set gradually from top to bottom, and air inlet pipe 501 is tangentially disposed in the upper end of circular cylinder body 503, and gas outlet is arranged in circular cylinder The top of body 503, the air inlet pipe 501 are connect with combustion furnace 1, and escape pipe 502 is connect with heat-exchange system 2, and ash bucket 505 is connected to Material returning device 6；Specifically, the air inlet pipe 501 is tangentially disposed in the outer wall of 503 upper end of circular cylinder body, it is provided with and leads in air inlet pipe 501 Flow component 506, the upper end of ash bucket 505 be provided with can rotation blanking component 507, the guiding subassembly 506 includes several A uniformly distributed diversion fan blade, high-temperature flue gas form the organized air-flow fortune around diversion fan blade central axis after diversion fan blade It is dynamic, enhance the intensity of air-flow, and then improve separative efficiency, reduces energy consumption.

Further, the blanking component 507 includes cone body and the helical-blade that cone body outer wall is arranged in Piece 605, the largest cross-sectional sized of the cone body are less than the smallest cross-sectional size of ash bucket 505, avoid interference with and get stuck.

Further, the blanking component 507 is connected with driving mechanism, can drive blanking component 507 rotate and incite somebody to action The solid particle dispatch in 504 bottom of circular cone is fallen into ash bucket 505, is also prevented from the solid particle in ash bucket 505 with interior Rotational gas flow is back to escape pipe 502；Specifically, the driving mechanism can be external driving motor, the driving motor it is defeated After outlet connects retarder, the rotating bar of retarder is goed deep into driving blanking component 507 in ash bucket 505 and is rotated.

Further, the outer surface of the guiding subassembly 506 is provided with ceramic wear-resisting material, further has, the water conservancy diversion Component 506 and the blanking component 507 can be made of ceramic wear-resisting material, with high-melting-point, high-wearing feature, be promoted The service life of cyclone separator 5.

Further, the described one end of guiding subassembly 506 far from circular cylinder body 503 is tapered, and its object is to can be first High-temperature flue gas be drained in diversion fan blade, the solid particle being also prevented from high-temperature flue gas directly impacts guiding subassembly 506 And reduce the service life of guiding subassembly 506.

Further, as shown in figure 5, the material returning device 6 includes the standpipe set gradually along solid particle conveying direction 601, returning charge storehouse 602 and refeed line 603, the standpipe 601 connect ash bucket 505, and refeed line 603 is connected to the combustion of burner hearth 101 Area 104 is burnt, the returning charge storehouse 602 tilts upward setting, keeps off it is intended that no setting is required between standpipe 601 and returning charge storehouse 602 Returning charge operation can be realized in plate, and structure is simple, and returning charge effect is good, returning charge component is provided in returning charge storehouse 602, it is preferable that described The circumferential tilt angle of the axis relative riser 601 in returning charge storehouse 602 is 45 ° to 60 °；The returning charge component includes to be accommodated in Shaft 604 in returning charge storehouse 602 and the helical blade 605 being arranged in shaft 604, it is preferable that the returning charge storehouse 602 is in circle Tubular, the maximum outside diameter of helical blade 605 are matched with the cylinder interior diameter in returning charge storehouse 602, and the shaft 604 is connected with external Driving motor, the driving motor can be conventional stepper motor either servo motor, can control the revolving speed of shaft 604 To control returning charge amount, the helical blade 605 is arranged around shaft 604, drives 605 turns of helical blade convenient for the rotation of shaft 604 Dynamic, material is transported to the top of refeed line 603 by helical blade 605 from the bottom of standpipe 601, and material can be from refeed line 603 Back to burning in furnace, it is preferable that the helical blade 605 is made of alloy steel, shaft 604 and helical blade 605 Setting can be integrally formed.

Further, as shown in figure 5, the bottom of the standpipe 601 is provided with air holes 606, which is preferably tilted It is arranged towards returning charge storehouse 602, the outer wall of standpipe 601 is provided with returning charge air compartment 607, and returning charge air compartment 607 is connected to air holes 606, into One step, the returning charge air compartment 607 is connected with material return blower, and material return blower provides air-flow and blows out through air holes 606, by standpipe The material of 601 bottoms is blowed to returning charge storehouse 602, and returning charge component is facilitated to transport, and is avoided material in 601 bottom coking of standpipe or is glued Knot.

Further, it is provided with booster pump on the refeed line 603, solid material can be pushed in burner hearth 101.

As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, as shown in fig. 6, the dust pelletizing system includes from 2 end of heat-exchange system Cooling component, bag-type dust component and the desulfurization module set gradually, the cooling component includes cooling tube 701, is changed certainly The high-temp waste gas that hot systems 2 are discharged is passed through in bag-type dust component after cooling tube 701 is cooling, and the bag-type dust component includes Have except dirt barrel 702 and be arranged in except the filter bag 703 in dirt barrel 702, in the present embodiment, the upper end of the filter bag 703 is fixed It is mounted on the upper end except 702 inner wall of dirt barrel, the inlet end of the filter bag 703 connects cooling component, and filter bag 703 is using the filter weaved Cloth or nonwoven felt are at being filtered exhaust gas using the filtration of fabric, when exhaust gas enters filter bag 703, give up Particle is big in gas or heavy dust is since the effect of gravity is settled down to the bottom of filter bag 703, useless containing relatively fine dust For gas when passing through filtrate, dust is by detention with purification gas, and the dirt barrel 702 of removing is connected with the first air blower 704, after filtering Purification gas pumped to desulfurization module by the first air blower 704；The desulfurization module includes desulfurization pond 705 and setting Spray assemblies in 705 outlet end of desulfurization pond are filled with desulfurization slurry in desulfurization pond 705, which can be limewash, i.e., Lime is dissolved in water, the gas that the first air blower 704 pumps purification carries out desulfurization, the gas after desulfurization into desulfurization pond 705 When body is sent out from the outlet end in desulfurization pond 705, spray assemblies spray desulfurization slurry and carry out desulfurization again to gas, promote desulfurization Effect.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the filter bag 703 is provided with discharging switch 706,703 bottom collection of filter bag To after a certain amount of dust particles, discharging switch 706 can be opened and clear up away dust particles, guarantee the filtering of filter bag 703 Effect and service life.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the spray assemblies include homogenizing plate 707 and are arranged above homogenizing plate 707 At least one spray head 708, the present embodiment is set as set gradually three according to the actual situation, further has, this three Spray head 708 is vertically arranged downward, which is connected with water pump, the desulfurization slurry in desulfurization pond 705 can be pumped It sprays to spray head 708 and through spray head 708 with spray cleaning gas, further promotes the effect of desulfurization；It should be noted that water pump Lime water slurry can be extracted out, filtering head can also be installed in input terminal, water pump the present extracts lime aqueous solution, avoids not dissolving in The lime precipitation object of water blocks water pump.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the filter bag 703 is connected with vibrating motor 709, filter bag 703 with except dirt barrel 702 it Between be tightly connected, specifically, the output end of the vibrating motor 709 pass through except dirt barrel 702 connect filter bag 703 upper end, vibration Motor 709 can drive the shake of filter bag 703 to shake off to be attached to the dust of 703 inner wall of filter bag, i.e., it can be by shaking filter bag 703 Mode clear up filter bag 703, guarantee the filter effect and service life of filter bag 703.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the cooling component includes the cooling tube 701 and the second air blast that successively pipe connects Machine 710, that is, dusty gas after cooling is sent into filter bag 703 through the second air blower 710 and is filtered dedusting operation, purpose It is, dusty gas after cooling is avoided to fall dust particles to block tracheae.

It is to be illustrated to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the implementation above Example, those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent modifications on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention or replace It changes, these equivalent variation or replacement are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel, which is characterized in that include combustion furnace (1), heat-exchange system (2), Water system (3) and wind preheater (4)；

Cyclone separator (5) are provided between the combustion furnace (1) and heat-exchange system (2)；

The end of the heat-exchange system (2) is connected with dust pelletizing system (7)；

The water system (3) includes sequentially connected oxygen-eliminating device (301), heat exchanger tube (302), drum (303) and divides vapour Cylinder (304)；

The heat-exchange system (2) includes being in turn connected to form by horizontal segment (201), left connection part (202) and right connection part (203) Hot gas path, the hot gas path have it is sequentially connected several, heat exchanger tube (302) is arranged between adjacent hot gas path Region；

The wind preheater (4) passes through heat-exchange system (2) and pipe connects combustion furnace (1), and wind preheater (4) is capable of providing combustion furnace (1) air needed for work.

2. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the whirlwind point It is connected with material returning device (6) from device (5), the discharge end of the material returning device (6) connects combustion furnace (1).

3. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wind preheating Device (4) has arranged side by side at least two, and wind preheater (4) is connected with blower.

4. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat exchange system System (2) further includes having at least two evaporators for being sequentially connected or connecting side by side.

5. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat exchange system System (2) further includes having at least two economizers for being sequentially connected or connecting side by side.

6. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the rotation Wind separator (5) includes the circular cylinder body (503) set gradually from top to bottom, circular cone (504) and ash bucket (505), The upper end of the circular cylinder body (503) is tangentially-arranged air inlet, and circular cylinder body is provided with gas outlet, air inlet at the top of (503) Mouthful at be provided with guiding subassembly (506), be provided at ash bucket (505) can rotation blanking component (507).

7. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the material returning device It (6) include the refeed line of the standpipe (601) for connecting cyclone separator (5), returning charge storehouse (602) and connection combustion furnace (1) (603), the returning charge storehouse (602) tilts upward setting, is provided with returning charge component, the returning charge component packet in returning charge storehouse (602) The helical blade (605) for including the shaft (604) being accommodated in returning charge storehouse (602) and being arranged on shaft (604), shaft (604) it is connected with external driving motor.

8. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the combustion furnace It (1) include the isolated gate (102) of burner hearth (101) and setting in burner hearth (101) lower part, the isolated gate (102) is by burner hearth (101) inner cavity is divided into the fire in a stove before fuel is added area (103) of lower part and the combustion zone (104) on top, fire in a stove before fuel is added area (103) and is connected with snorkel (105)。

9. a kind of steam boiler system of biomass-burning fuel according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the snorkel (105) it can be passed through combustion gas and/or oxygen, the bottom end that snorkel (105) is located at isolated gate (102) lower part is provided with ignition coil (106)。