CN110184307A - A kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas - Google Patents

A kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110184307A
CN110184307A CN201910428413.2A CN201910428413A CN110184307A CN 110184307 A CN110184307 A CN 110184307A CN 201910428413 A CN201910428413 A CN 201910428413A CN 110184307 A CN110184307 A CN 110184307A
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China
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reactor
acidification
digestion
stalk
anaerobic fermentation
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奚文库
马欣
王强
张碧华
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Contas (shanghai) Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
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Contas (shanghai) Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023Methane
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2201/00Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2203/00Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method that the present invention discloses pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas, including carrying out steam explosion pretreatment process to biomass straw, the pretreated biomass of steam explosion mixes formation acidification reaction liquid with slurry with water, acidification reaction liquid imports acidification reactor, organic acid is generated in acidification reactor, then organic acid is extracted to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, generate biogas.Novel design pre-processes biomass straw using steam blasting preconditioning technique, and the anaerobic bacteria for selecting pure stalk applicable, final to obtain the cleaning biogas that methane content is high, ingredient is single, is a kind of good innovation scheme, is very promising for marketing..

Description

A kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas
Technical field
The present invention relates to biogas energy preparation methods, ferment more particularly to a kind of easy to operate pure stalk diphasic anaerobic The method for producing cleaning biogas.
Background technique
China is shown, the whole nation produces within 2010 as one of maximum agriculture country in the world according to national statistics office data About 8.27 hundred million tons of agricultural crop straw and 3,600,000,000 tons of feces of livestock and poultry, if the side that these agricultural wastes are passed through anaerobic fermentation Formula conversion, can produce the biogas of 3408 billion cubic meters, makes up the status of national Country Household Using Marsh Gas shortage enough.State at present The inside and outside prior art is mainly raw material of the smashed stalk as part, and feces of livestock and poultry mixed fermentation, and by opposite Longer fermentation time (usually 30-90 days complete fermentations are completed) output biogas.Chinese patent CN 104878045B is disclosed A kind of method of steam puffed stalk and cow dung two-phase mixtures producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, patent CN 1403396A disclose period stimulating The method that stalk and municipal refuse carry out solid state fermentation biogas, patent CN 101392270A is disclosed to be produced naturally using rice husk The production technology of gas.But it by researching and analysing discovery, has the disadvantage that
1) pretreatment consumption energy is big;2) the system starting period is long;
3) system run all right is poor;4) fermentation time is long;
5) the single-phase zymotechnique of is simple, and efficiency is lower;Two-phase fermentation efficiency is high, but production technology is complicated;
6) biogas complicated component burns using before needing to be purified, increases use cost, influence the economy of device.
In conclusion in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, it is accordingly required in particular to a kind of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas Method, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, use in practice is influenced, the present invention proposes that a kind of pure stalk two-phase is detested The method that aerobe fermentation produces cleaning biogas, it is novel in design, using steam blasting preconditioning technique, biomass straw is located in advance Reason, and the anaerobic bacteria for selecting pure stalk applicable, it is final to obtain the cleaning biogas that methane content is high, ingredient is single, it has solved existing The defect of technology.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas, including steam explosion pretreatment is carried out to biomass straw Process, the pretreated biomass of steam explosion mix formation acidification reaction liquid with slurry with water, and acidification reaction liquid imports acidification reactor, Organic acid is generated in acidification reactor, then organic acid is extracted to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, generates biogas.
Further, the method for the pretreated biomass of steam explosion are as follows: biomass powder is broken to 1-10cm long, the steam explosion of dry straw Pretreatment pressures are 1.5-2.3MPa, dwell time 2-4 minute;Ensiling or fresh stalk steam explosion Pretreatment pressures are 1.8- 2.5MPa, dwell time 1-3 minute.
Further, solid content is 6-12% in the acidification reaction liquid.
Further, the hydraulic detention time in the acidification reactor is 2-6 days, and acidification reactor generates the pH of organic acid ≤ 5, after organic acid is extracted, it is delivered to digestion reactor by continuously pumping, generates the cleaning natural pond that methane content is 60%-75% Gas.
Further, the organic acid is delivered to digestion reactor progress anaerobic digestion and is disappearing when anaerobic digestion reaction starts Change the anaerobic bacteria sludge that reaction solution quality 10-25% is added in reactor as inoculum, fermentation temperature is controlled at 33-37 DEG C; Initial reaction liquid C:N ratio in digestion reactor is controlled in 25-30:1.
Further, the clear liquid of digestion reactor is diluted with water to pH≤7.2 after collecting, and clear liquid is collected to be pre-processed for steam explosion Biomass it is with slurry.
Further, after integrated artistic is stablized, each acidification period is 2-6 days, and it is anti-that steam blasting pretreatment adds to acidification The biomass for answering device is 20-50gTS/L/d, while each period is raw from all solids after the discharge acidification of acidification reactor bottom Substance residues.
Further, the volume ratio of acidification reactor and digestion reactor is 0.3-2.5:1.
Further, biomass straw is corn stover, wheat stalk, rice straw, corncob.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: novel in design, the anaerobic fermentation for realizing pure biomass straw is utilized, fermentation period Short, high-efficient, system starting is fast, and operation stability is high;The single cleaning of gas generating component is that subsequent biogas or bio-natural gas are processed Using excellent basis is laid, the economy of entire process unit is in a disguised form improved, is a kind of good innovation scheme, the city Hen You Field promotion prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention;
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below Conjunction is specifically illustrating, and the present invention is further explained.
Biomass straw is pre-processed using steam blasting preconditioning technique referring to Fig. 1, selects preferred pure straw Then stalk applicability anaerobic bacteria passes through biphasic fermentation, i.e. acidification reaction combination digestion reaction, ferment completely, efficiently within a couple of days Cellulose, hemicellulose are quickly converted to the cleaning biogas that methane content is high, ingredient is single.
The pretreated biomass of steam explosion (corn stover, wheat stalk, rice straw, corncob etc.) is mixed with water and matched Slurry, generates organic acid in acidification reactor.Then organic acid is extracted to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, generate natural pond Gas, the pretreated biomass of steam explosion are obtained by laxative remedy: biomass powder being broken to 1-10cm long, the steam explosion of dry straw pre-processes pressure Power is 1.5-2.3MPa, dwell time 2-4 minute;Ensiling or fresh stalk steam explosion Pretreatment pressures are 1.8-2.5MPa, are protected Pressure time 1-3 minutes;Biomass after steam explosion adds water with slurry, forms the acidification reaction liquid that solid content is 6-12%, anti-in acidification Answer the organic acid solution that pH≤5 are generated in device;Hydraulic detention time in acidification reactor is 2-6 days.After organic acid is extracted, It is continuously conveyed to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, generate the cleaning biogas that methane content is 60%-75%.
When anaerobic digestion reaction starting, the anaerobic bacteria sludge that reaction solution quality 10-25% is added in digestion reactor is made For inoculum, fermentation temperature is controlled at 33-37 DEG C;Initial reaction liquid C:N ratio in digestion reactor is controlled in 25-30:1.
The clear liquid of digestion reactor is diluted with water to slurry for the pretreated biomass of steam explosion behind pH≤7.2 after collecting;
After integrated artistic is stablized, each acidification period (2-6 days/period) adds to acidification by steam blasting pretreatment The biomass of reactor 20-50gTS/L/d, while each period is raw from all solids after the discharge acidification of acidification reactor bottom The volume ratio of substance residues, acidification reactor and digestion reactor is 0.3-2.5:1, and the biomass straw is corn stalk Stalk, wheat stalk, rice straw, corncob etc..
The raw cleaning biogas method of pure biomass diphasic anaerobic fermentation of the present invention, methane content of bilogas is higher, Percentage by volume reaches 65% or more, and gas componant is single, removes CH4、CO2、H2Outside O, other gas component contents are extremely low, no It, can direct for civilian use or industrial application containing H2S.Methane gas producing amount (being based on digestion reactor) can reach 3.5-6.5m3/m3/d。
The raw cleaning biogas method of the pure biomass diphasic anaerobic fermentation of the present invention, acidification, digestive system start fast, fermentation week Phase is short, factor of created gase is high.
Embodiment:
Use dry corncob for raw material, steam explosion condition is 1.8MPa, dwell time 120s.Corncob and water after steam explosion (digestion clear liquid+tap water, pH≤7.2) mixing is with slurry, and the content of slurry TS is 8%, is sent into acidification reactor.Acidification reaction liquid Volume is 0.5m3, after 72 hours acidification reactions, by the hydraulic filter of acidification reaction, filter residue is using washing, by gained acid solution After collection, it is continuously pumped into progress anaerobic digestion reaction in digestion reactor.Digestion reaction liquid is 2 times of acidification reaction liquid product. About 0.5m3Be averagely pumped into digestion reactor within acid solution points 3 days, at the same time, with the entrainment of biogas and overflowing for digestion reactor Stream, is averagely discharged same amount of digestion clear liquid.This clear liquid is collected and adjust its pH value it is with slurry for lower secondary substance when use.
When entire process system runs smoothly, every 3 days plus throw dry corncob 30kg, and when corresponding biogas residue is discharged simultaneously (acidification residue).According to said method continuous and stable is run 3 months, 0.9 ton of the dry corncob of coprocessing, and obtained gas production is 330ml/ GTS, the methane content (average) in biogas reach 63%, other than removing carbon dioxide, water, containing only other micro organic gas, Not H 2 S-containing gas.Biogas stable components and cleaning, can directly burn utilization.If further purification obtains bio-natural gas, Process equipment and operating cost can also substantially reduce.
The aqueous moisture-retaining capacity of biogas residue is strong, and the intrusion without other chemicals or disinfect pathogen, is detected as excellent organic Fertile base-material.
The invention has the advantages that:
Using advanced two-phase fermentation technique: by technology controlling and process, by acidification reaction with acidification reaction is relatively independent separates, The only mutual exchange of liquid phase (organic acid solution) between two-phase, uses acidification and digestion two systems efficient fortune independent Row, and system stability greatly improves.
It is raw material using only pure stalk, biogas component is stable and cleans: in other no raw materials, such as feces of livestock and poultry, life Sewage, other organic wastewaters, soda acid chemicals etc., addition under guarantee fermentation efficiency.In the entire system, it is not brought into His impurity and germ, make biogas and the ingredient stability of biogas residue it is single and clean.Biogas slurry (digestion clear liquid) is recycled in inside simultaneously The accumulation thickening problem of impurity will not be generated.
By steam blasting preconditioning technique, the principal component (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin) of biomass is by depth Reason.It quickly (2-6 days fermentation periods) efficiently can carry out generating a large amount of organic acid solution from acidification reaction using it.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, above-described embodiment and explanation It is merely illustrated the principles of the invention described in book, the present invention also has each without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention Kind changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by Appended claims and its equivalent define.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas, including steam explosion is carried out to biomass straw and pre-processes work Sequence, it is characterised in that: the pretreated biomass of steam explosion mixes formation acidification reaction liquid with slurry with water, and acidification reaction liquid imports acid Change reactor, generates organic acid in acidification reactor, then organic acid is extracted to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, generate Biogas.
2. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: steam explosion The method of pretreated biomass are as follows: biomass powder is broken to 1-10cm long, the steam explosion Pretreatment pressures of dry straw are 1.5- 2.3MPa, dwell time 2-4 minute;Ensiling or fresh stalk steam explosion Pretreatment pressures are 1.8-2.5MPa, dwell time 1-3 Minute.
3. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Solid content is 6-12% in acidification reaction liquid.
4. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Hydraulic detention time in acidification reactor is 2-6 days, and acidification reactor generates pH≤5 of organic acid, after organic acid is extracted, It is delivered to digestion reactor by continuously pumping, generates the cleaning biogas that methane content is 60%-75%.
5. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Organic acid is delivered to digestion reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion, when anaerobic digestion reaction starts, the addition reaction in digestion reactor The anaerobic bacteria sludge of liquid quality 10-25% is controlled as inoculum, fermentation temperature at 33-37 DEG C;It is initial in digestion reactor Reaction liquid C: N ratio is controlled in 25-30:1.
6. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: digestion The clear liquid of reactor is diluted with water to pH≤7.2 after collecting, clear liquid is collected with slurry for the pretreated biomass of steam explosion.
7. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: whole After process stabilizing, each acidification period is 2-6 days, and the biomass that steam blasting pretreatment adds to acidification reactor is 20- 50gTS/L/d, while each period, all solids biomass residue after acidification was discharged from acidification reactor bottom.
8. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: acidification The volume ratio of reactor and digestion reactor is 0.3-2.5:1.
9. a kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: biology Matter stalk is corn stover, wheat stalk, rice straw, corncob.
CN201910428413.2A 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 A kind of method of pure stalk diphasic anaerobic fermentation cleaning biogas Pending CN110184307A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103589633A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-02-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-section anaerobic fermentation device and method for producing methane by performing anaerobic fermentation by device
CN104531767A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-22 郑州凯山生化工程有限公司 Technology for methane production through aerobiotic acidification and anaerobic fermentation by means of straw
CN104878045A (en) * 2015-05-26 2015-09-02 河南农业大学 Method for producing methane through two-phase mixing anaerobic fermentation of steam-exploded straw and cow dung
CN105132467A (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-09 宋安东 Steam-exploded wet-stored corn straw two-phase anaerobic fermentation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103589633A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-02-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-section anaerobic fermentation device and method for producing methane by performing anaerobic fermentation by device
CN105132467A (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-09 宋安东 Steam-exploded wet-stored corn straw two-phase anaerobic fermentation method
CN104531767A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-22 郑州凯山生化工程有限公司 Technology for methane production through aerobiotic acidification and anaerobic fermentation by means of straw
CN104878045A (en) * 2015-05-26 2015-09-02 河南农业大学 Method for producing methane through two-phase mixing anaerobic fermentation of steam-exploded straw and cow dung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
朱瑾等: "不同因素对秸秆两相厌氧消化的影响", 《农业工程学报》 *

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